1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE reference PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
<reference id="intro" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<referenceinfo>
<xi:include href="legal.xml"/>
</referenceinfo>
<title>Cygwin</title>
<refentry id="intro1">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="manual">Cygwin</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>intro</refname>
<refpurpose>Introduction to the Cygwin Environment</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para><emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> is a Linux-like environment for
Windows. It consists of two parts:</para>
<para>A DLL (<filename>cygwin1.dll</filename>) which acts as a POSIX API
emulation layer providing substantial POSIX API functionality, modelled
after the GNU/Linux operating system. The
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
man page gives an introduction to this API.</para>
<para>A collection of tools which provide Linux look and feel. This man
page describes the user environment.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>AVAILABILITY</title>
<para><emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> is developed by volunteers collaborating
over the Internet. It is distributed through the website <ulink
url="http://cygwin.com"/>, where you can find extensive documentation,
including FAQ, User's Guide, and API Reference. The
<emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> website should be considered the authoritative
source of information. The source code, released under the <emphasis>GNU
General Public License, Version 3 (GPLv3+)</emphasis>, is also available
from the website or one of the mirrors.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>COMPATIBILITY</title>
<para><emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> uses the GNU versions of many of the
standard UNIX command-line utilities (<command>sed</command>,
<command>awk</command>, etc.), so the user environment is more similar to
a Linux system than, for example, Sun Solaris.</para>
<para>The default login shell and <command>/bin/sh</command> for
<emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> is <command>bash</command>, the GNU
"Bourne-Again Shell", but other shells such as <command>tcsh</command>
(an improved <command>csh</command>) are also available and can be
installed using <emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis>'s setup.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>NOTES</title>
<para>To port applications you will need to install the development tools,
which you can do by selecting <package>gcc</package> in
<emphasis>setup.exe</emphasis> (dependencies are automatically handled).
If you need a specific program or library, you can search for a
<emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> package containing it at:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://cygwin.com/packages/"/>
</para>
<para>If you are a UNIX veteran who plans to use
<emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> extensively, you will probably find it worth
your while to learn to use <emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis>-specific tools that
provide a UNIX-like interface to common operations. For example,
<command>cygpath</command> converts between UNIX and Win32-style
pathnames. The full documentation for these utilities is at:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/using-utils.html"/>
</para>
<para>The optional <package>cygutils</package> package also contains
utilities that help with common problems, such as
<command>dos2unix</command> and <command>unix2dos</command> for the
CRLF issue.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>DOCUMENTATION</title>
<para>In addition to man pages and texinfo documentation, many
<emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> packages provide system-independent
documentation in the <filename>/usr/share/doc/</filename> directory and
<emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis>-specific documentation in
<filename>/usr/share/doc/Cygwin/</filename></para>
<para>For example, if you have both <command>less</command> and
<command>cron</command> installed, the command <command>less
/usr/share/doc/Cygwin/cron.README</command> would display the instructions
to set up <command>cron</command> on your system.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>REPORTING BUGS</title>
<para>If you find a bug in <emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis>, please read</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://cygwin.com/bugs.html"/>
</para>
<para>and follow the instructions for reporting found there. If you are
able to track down the source of the bug and can provide a fix, there are
instructions for contributing patches at:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://cygwin.com/contrib.html"/>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
<refentry id="intro3">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
<refmiscinfo class="manual">Cygwin</refmiscinfo>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>intro</refname>
<refpurpose>Introduction to the Cygwin API</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para><emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> is a Linux-like environment for
Windows. It consists of two parts:</para>
<para>A DLL (<filename>cygwin1.dll</filename>) which acts as a POSIX API
emulation layer providing substantial POSIX API functionality, modelled
after the GNU/Linux operating system. This page describes the API provided
by the DLL.
</para>
<para>A collection of tools which provide Linux look and feel. This
environment is described in the
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
man page.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>AVAILABILITY</title>
<para><emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> is developed by volunteers collaborating
over the Internet. It is distributed through the website <ulink
url="http://cygwin.com"/>. The website has extensive documentation,
including FAQ, User's Guide, and API Reference. It should be considered
the authoritative source of information. The source code, released under
the <emphasis>GNU General Public License, Version 3 (GPLv3+)</emphasis>,
is also available from the website or one of the mirrors.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>COMPATIBILITY</title>
<para><emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> policy is to attempt to adhere to
<emphasis>POSIX.1-2008/SUSv4</emphasis> (Portable Operating System
Interface for UNIX / The Single UNIX Specification, Version 4) where
possible.</para>
<para><emphasis>SUSv4</emphasis> is available online at:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/"/>
</para>
<para>For compatibility information about specific functions, see the API
Reference at:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://cygwin.com/cygwin-api/cygwin-api.html"/>
</para>
<para>Where these standards are ambiguous, Cygwin tries to mimic
<emphasis>Linux</emphasis>. However, <emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis> uses
<emphasis>newlib</emphasis> instead of <emphasis>glibc</emphasis> as its C
Library, available at:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="https://sourceware.org/newlib/"/>
</para>
<para>Keep in mind that there are many underlying differences between UNIX
and Win32 making complete compatibility an ongoing challenge.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>REPORTING BUGS</title>
<para>If you find a bug in <emphasis>Cygwin</emphasis>, please read</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://cygwin.com/bugs.html"/>
</para>
<para>and follow the instructions for reporting found there. If you are
able to track down the source of the bug and can provide a fix, there are
instructions for contributing patches at:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://cygwin.com/contrib.html"/>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry>
<refentrytitle>intro</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
</reference>
|