/* Apache License, Version 2.0 */

#include "testing/testing.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

#include "PIL_time.h"

#include "BLI_array.hh"
#include "BLI_math_mpq.hh"
#include "BLI_mesh_intersect.hh"
#include "BLI_mpq3.hh"
#include "BLI_task.h"
#include "BLI_vector.hh"

#define DO_REGULAR_TESTS 1
#define DO_PERF_TESTS 0

#ifdef WITH_GMP
namespace blender::meshintersect::tests {

constexpr bool DO_OBJ = false;

/* Build and hold an IMesh from a string spec. Also hold and own resources used by IMesh. */
class IMeshBuilder {
 public:
  IMesh imesh;
  IMeshArena arena;

  /* "Edge orig" indices are an encoding of <input face#, position in face of start of edge>. */
  static constexpr int MAX_FACE_LEN = 1000; /* Used for forming "orig edge" indices only. */

  static int edge_index(int face_index, int facepos)
  {
    return face_index * MAX_FACE_LEN + facepos;
  }

  static std::pair<int, int> face_and_pos_for_edge_index(int e_index)
  {
    return std::pair<int, int>(e_index / MAX_FACE_LEN, e_index % MAX_FACE_LEN);
  }

  /*
   * Spec should have form:
   *  #verts #faces
   *  mpq_class mpq_class mpq_clas [#verts lines]
   *  int int int ... [#faces lines; indices into verts for given face]
   */
  IMeshBuilder(const char *spec)
  {
    std::istringstream ss(spec);
    std::string line;
    getline(ss, line);
    std::istringstream hdrss(line);
    int nv, nf;
    hdrss >> nv >> nf;
    if (nv == 0 || nf == 0) {
      return;
    }
    arena.reserve(nv, nf);
    Vector<const Vert *> verts;
    Vector<Face *> faces;
    bool spec_ok = true;
    int v_index = 0;
    while (v_index < nv && spec_ok && getline(ss, line)) {
      std::istringstream iss(line);
      mpq_class p0;
      mpq_class p1;
      mpq_class p2;
      iss >> p0 >> p1 >> p2;
      spec_ok = !iss.fail();
      if (spec_ok) {
        verts.append(arena.add_or_find_vert(mpq3(p0, p1, p2), v_index));
      }
      ++v_index;
    }
    if (v_index != nv) {
      spec_ok = false;
    }
    int f_index = 0;
    while (f_index < nf && spec_ok && getline(ss, line)) {
      std::istringstream fss(line);
      Vector<const Vert *> face_verts;
      Vector<int> edge_orig;
      int fpos = 0;
      while (spec_ok && fss >> v_index) {
        if (v_index < 0 || v_index >= nv) {
          spec_ok = false;
          continue;
        }
        face_verts.append(verts[v_index]);
        edge_orig.append(edge_index(f_index, fpos));
        ++fpos;
      }
      if (fpos < 3) {
        spec_ok = false;
      }
      if (spec_ok) {
        Face *facep = arena.add_face(face_verts, f_index, edge_orig);
        faces.append(facep);
      }
      ++f_index;
    }
    if (f_index != nf) {
      spec_ok = false;
    }
    if (!spec_ok) {
      std::cout << "Bad spec: " << spec;
      return;
    }
    imesh = IMesh(faces);
  }
};

/* Return a const Face * in mesh with verts equal to v0, v1, and v2, in
 * some cyclic order; return nullptr if not found.
 */
static const Face *find_tri_with_verts(const IMesh &mesh,
                                       const Vert *v0,
                                       const Vert *v1,
                                       const Vert *v2)
{
  Face f_arg({v0, v1, v2}, 0, NO_INDEX);
  for (const Face *f : mesh.faces()) {
    if (f->cyclic_equal(f_arg)) {
      return f;
    }
  }
  return nullptr;
}

/* How many instances of a triangle with v0, v1, v2 are in the mesh? */
static int count_tris_with_verts(const IMesh &mesh, const Vert *v0, const Vert *v1, const Vert *v2)
{
  Face f_arg({v0, v1, v2}, 0, NO_INDEX);
  int ans = 0;
  for (const Face *f : mesh.faces()) {
    if (f->cyclic_equal(f_arg)) {
      ++ans;
    }
  }
  return ans;
}

/* What is the starting position, if any, of the edge (v0, v1), in either order, in f? -1 if none.
 */
static int find_edge_pos_in_tri(const Vert *v0, const Vert *v1, const Face *f)
{
  for (int pos : f->index_range()) {
    int nextpos = f->next_pos(pos);
    if (((*f)[pos] == v0 && (*f)[nextpos] == v1) || ((*f)[pos] == v1 && (*f)[nextpos] == v0)) {
      return static_cast<int>(pos);
    }
  }
  return -1;
}

#  if DO_REGULAR_TESTS
TEST(mesh_intersect, Mesh)
{
  Vector<const Vert *> verts;
  Vector<Face *> faces;
  IMeshArena arena;

  verts.append(arena.add_or_find_vert(mpq3(0, 0, 1), 0));
  verts.append(arena.add_or_find_vert(mpq3(1, 0, 1), 1));
  verts.append(arena.add_or_find_vert(mpq3(0.5, 1, 1), 2));
  faces.append(arena.add_face(verts, 0, {10, 11, 12}));

  IMesh mesh(faces);
  const Face *f = mesh.face(0);
  EXPECT_TRUE(f->is_tri());
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriangulateTri)
{
  const char *spec = R"(3 1
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  1/2 1 0
  0 1 2
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh im_tri = triangulate_polymesh(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  EXPECT_EQ(im_tri.faces().size(), 1);
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriangulateQuad)
{
  const char *spec = R"(4 1
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  1 1 0
  0 1 0
  0 1 2 3
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh im_tri = triangulate_polymesh(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  EXPECT_EQ(im_tri.faces().size(), 2);
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriangulatePentagon)
{
  const char *spec = R"(5 1
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  1 1 0
  1/2 2 0
  0 1 0
  0 1 2 3 4
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh im_tri = triangulate_polymesh(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  EXPECT_EQ(im_tri.faces().size(), 3);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(im_tri, "pentagon");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriangulateTwoFaces)
{
  const char *spec = R"(7 2
  461/250 -343/125 103/1000
  -3/40 -453/200 -97/500
  237/100 -321/200 -727/500
  451/1000 -563/500 -1751/1000
  12/125 -2297/1000 -181/1000
  12/125 -411/200 -493/1000
  1959/1000 -2297/1000 -493/1000
  1 3 2 0 6 5 4
  6 0 1 4
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh im_tri = triangulate_polymesh(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  EXPECT_EQ(im_tri.faces().size(), 7);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(im_tri, "twofaces");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, OneTri)
{
  const char *spec = R"(3 1
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  1/2 1 0
  0 1 2
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh imesh = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  imesh.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(imesh.vert_size(), 3);
  EXPECT_EQ(imesh.face_size(), 1);
  const Face &f_in = *mb.imesh.face(0);
  const Face &f_out = *imesh.face(0);
  EXPECT_EQ(f_in.orig, f_out.orig);
  for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
    EXPECT_EQ(f_in[i], f_out[i]);
    EXPECT_EQ(f_in.edge_orig[i], f_out.edge_orig[i]);
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriTri)
{
  const char *spec = R"(6 2
  0 0 0
  4 0 0
  0 4 0
  1 0 0
  2 0 0
  1 1 0
  0 1 2
  3 4 5
  )";

  /* Second triangle is smaller and congruent to first, resting on same base, partway along. */
  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 6);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 6);
  if (out.vert_size() == 6 && out.face_size() == 6) {
    const Vert *v0 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(0, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v1 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(4, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v2 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(0, 4, 0));
    const Vert *v3 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(1, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v4 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(2, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v5 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(1, 1, 0));
    EXPECT_TRUE(v0 != nullptr && v1 != nullptr && v2 != nullptr);
    EXPECT_TRUE(v3 != nullptr && v4 != nullptr && v5 != nullptr);
    if (v0 != nullptr && v1 != nullptr && v2 != nullptr && v3 != nullptr && v4 != nullptr &&
        v5 != nullptr) {
      EXPECT_EQ(v0->orig, 0);
      EXPECT_EQ(v1->orig, 1);
      const Face *f0 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v4, v1, v5);
      const Face *f1 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v3, v4, v5);
      const Face *f2 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v0, v3, v5);
      const Face *f3 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v0, v5, v2);
      const Face *f4 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v5, v1, v2);
      EXPECT_TRUE(f0 != nullptr && f1 != nullptr && f2 != nullptr && f3 != nullptr &&
                  f4 != nullptr);
      /* For boolean to work right, there need to be two copies of the smaller triangle in the
       * output. */
      EXPECT_EQ(count_tris_with_verts(out, v3, v4, v5), 2);
      if (f0 != nullptr && f1 != nullptr && f2 != nullptr && f3 != nullptr && f4 != nullptr) {
        EXPECT_EQ(f0->orig, 0);
        EXPECT_TRUE(f1->orig == 0 || f1->orig == 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(f2->orig, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(f3->orig, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(f4->orig, 0);
      }
      int e03 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v0, v3, f2);
      int e34 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v3, v4, f1);
      int e45 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v4, v5, f1);
      int e05 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v0, v5, f3);
      int e15 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v1, v5, f0);
      EXPECT_TRUE(e03 != -1 && e34 != -1 && e45 != -1 && e05 != -1 && e15 != -1);
      if (e03 != -1 && e34 != -1 && e45 != -1 && e05 != -1 && e15 != -1) {
        EXPECT_EQ(f2->edge_orig[e03], 0);
        EXPECT_TRUE(f1->edge_orig[e34] == 0 ||
                    f1->edge_orig[e34] == 1 * IMeshBuilder::MAX_FACE_LEN);
        EXPECT_EQ(f1->edge_orig[e45], 1 * IMeshBuilder::MAX_FACE_LEN + 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(f3->edge_orig[e05], NO_INDEX);
        EXPECT_EQ(f0->edge_orig[e15], NO_INDEX);
      }
    }
  }
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "tritri");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriTriReversed)
{
  /* Like TriTri but with triangles of opposite orientation.
   * This matters because projection to 2D will now need reversed triangles. */
  const char *spec = R"(6 2
  0 0 0
  4 0 0
  0 4 0
  1 0 0
  2 0 0
  1 1 0
  0 2 1
  3 5 4
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 6);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 6);
  if (out.vert_size() == 6 && out.face_size() == 6) {
    const Vert *v0 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(0, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v1 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(4, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v2 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(0, 4, 0));
    const Vert *v3 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(1, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v4 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(2, 0, 0));
    const Vert *v5 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(1, 1, 0));
    EXPECT_TRUE(v0 != nullptr && v1 != nullptr && v2 != nullptr);
    EXPECT_TRUE(v3 != nullptr && v4 != nullptr && v5 != nullptr);
    if (v0 != nullptr && v1 != nullptr && v2 != nullptr && v3 != nullptr && v4 != nullptr &&
        v5 != nullptr) {
      EXPECT_EQ(v0->orig, 0);
      EXPECT_EQ(v1->orig, 1);
      const Face *f0 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v4, v5, v1);
      const Face *f1 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v3, v5, v4);
      const Face *f2 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v0, v5, v3);
      const Face *f3 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v0, v2, v5);
      const Face *f4 = find_tri_with_verts(out, v5, v2, v1);
      EXPECT_TRUE(f0 != nullptr && f1 != nullptr && f2 != nullptr && f3 != nullptr &&
                  f4 != nullptr);
      /* For boolean to work right, there need to be two copies of the smaller triangle in the
       * output. */
      EXPECT_EQ(count_tris_with_verts(out, v3, v5, v4), 2);
      if (f0 != nullptr && f1 != nullptr && f2 != nullptr && f3 != nullptr && f4 != nullptr) {
        EXPECT_EQ(f0->orig, 0);
        EXPECT_TRUE(f1->orig == 0 || f1->orig == 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(f2->orig, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(f3->orig, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(f4->orig, 0);
      }
      int e03 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v0, v3, f2);
      int e34 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v3, v4, f1);
      int e45 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v4, v5, f1);
      int e05 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v0, v5, f3);
      int e15 = find_edge_pos_in_tri(v1, v5, f0);
      EXPECT_TRUE(e03 != -1 && e34 != -1 && e45 != -1 && e05 != -1 && e15 != -1);
      if (e03 != -1 && e34 != -1 && e45 != -1 && e05 != -1 && e15 != -1) {
        EXPECT_EQ(f2->edge_orig[e03], 2);
        EXPECT_TRUE(f1->edge_orig[e34] == 2 ||
                    f1->edge_orig[e34] == 1 * IMeshBuilder::MAX_FACE_LEN + 2);
        EXPECT_EQ(f1->edge_orig[e45], 1 * IMeshBuilder::MAX_FACE_LEN + 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(f3->edge_orig[e05], NO_INDEX);
        EXPECT_EQ(f0->edge_orig[e15], NO_INDEX);
      }
    }
  }
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "tritrirev");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TwoTris)
{
  Array<mpq3> verts = {
      mpq3(1, 1, 1),     mpq3(1, 4, 1),   mpq3(1, 1, 4),  /* T0 */
      mpq3(2, 2, 2),     mpq3(-3, 3, 2),  mpq3(-4, 1, 3), /* T1 */
      mpq3(2, 2, 2),     mpq3(-3, 3, 2),  mpq3(0, 3, 5),  /* T2 */
      mpq3(2, 2, 2),     mpq3(-3, 3, 2),  mpq3(0, 3, 3),  /* T3 */
      mpq3(1, 0, 0),     mpq3(2, 4, 1),   mpq3(-3, 2, 2), /* T4 */
      mpq3(0, 2, 1),     mpq3(-2, 3, 3),  mpq3(0, 1, 3),  /* T5 */
      mpq3(1.5, 2, 0.5), mpq3(-2, 3, 3),  mpq3(0, 1, 3),  /* T6 */
      mpq3(1, 0, 0),     mpq3(-2, 3, 3),  mpq3(0, 1, 3),  /* T7 */
      mpq3(1, 0, 0),     mpq3(-3, 2, 2),  mpq3(0, 1, 3),  /* T8 */
      mpq3(1, 0, 0),     mpq3(-1, 1, 1),  mpq3(0, 1, 3),  /* T9 */
      mpq3(3, -1, -1),   mpq3(-1, 1, 1),  mpq3(0, 1, 3),  /* T10 */
      mpq3(0, 0.5, 0.5), mpq3(-1, 1, 1),  mpq3(0, 1, 3),  /* T11 */
      mpq3(2, 1, 1),     mpq3(3, 5, 2),   mpq3(-2, 3, 3), /* T12 */
      mpq3(2, 1, 1),     mpq3(3, 5, 2),   mpq3(-2, 3, 4), /* T13 */
      mpq3(2, 2, 5),     mpq3(-3, 3, 5),  mpq3(0, 3, 10), /* T14 */
      mpq3(0, 0, 0),     mpq3(4, 4, 0),   mpq3(-4, 2, 4), /* T15 */
      mpq3(0, 1.5, 1),   mpq3(1, 2.5, 1), mpq3(-1, 2, 2), /* T16 */
      mpq3(3, 0, -2),    mpq3(7, 4, -2),  mpq3(-1, 2, 2), /* T17 */
      mpq3(3, 0, -2),    mpq3(3, 6, 2),   mpq3(-1, 2, 2), /* T18 */
      mpq3(7, 4, -2),    mpq3(3, 6, 2),   mpq3(-1, 2, 2), /* T19 */
      mpq3(5, 2, -2),    mpq3(1, 4, 2),   mpq3(-3, 0, 2), /* T20 */
      mpq3(2, 2, 0),     mpq3(1, 4, 2),   mpq3(-3, 0, 2), /* T21 */
      mpq3(0, 0, 0),     mpq3(4, 4, 0),   mpq3(-3, 0, 2), /* T22 */
      mpq3(0, 0, 0),     mpq3(4, 4, 0),   mpq3(-1, 2, 2), /* T23 */
      mpq3(2, 2, 0),     mpq3(4, 4, 0),   mpq3(0, 3, 2),  /* T24 */
      mpq3(0, 0, 0),     mpq3(-4, 2, 4),  mpq3(4, 4, 0),  /* T25 */
  };
  struct two_tri_test_spec {
    int t0;
    int t1;
    int nv_out;
    int nf_out;
  };
  Array<two_tri_test_spec> test_tris = Span<two_tri_test_spec>{
      {0, 1, 8, 8},  /* 0: T1 pierces T0 inside at (1,11/6,13/6) and (1,11/5,2). */
      {0, 2, 8, 8},  /* 1: T2 intersects T0 inside (1,11/5,2) and edge (1,7/3,8/3). */
      {0, 3, 8, 7},  /* 2: T3 intersects T0 (1,11/5,2) and edge-edge (1,5/2,5/2). */
      {4, 5, 6, 4},  /* 3: T5 touches T4 inside (0,2,1). */
      {4, 6, 6, 3},  /* 4: T6 touches T4 on edge (3/2,2/1/2). */
      {4, 7, 5, 2},  /* 5: T7 touches T4 on vert (1,0,0). */
      {4, 8, 4, 2},  /* 6: T8 shared edge with T4 (1,0,0)(-3,2,2). */
      {4, 9, 5, 3},  /* 7: T9 edge (1,0,0)(-1,1,1) is subset of T4 edge. */
      {4, 10, 6, 4}, /* 8: T10 edge overlaps T4 edge with seg (-1,1,0)(1,0,0). */
      {4, 11, 6, 4}, /* 9: T11 edge (-1,1,1)(0,1/2,1/2) inside T4 edge. */
      {4, 12, 6, 2}, /* 10: parallel planes, not intersecting. */
      {4, 13, 6, 2}, /* 11: non-parallel planes, not intersecting, all one side. */
      {0, 14, 6, 2}, /* 12: non-paralel planes, not intersecting, alternate sides. */
      /* Following are all coplanar cases. */
      {15, 16, 6, 8},   /* 13: T16 inside T15. NOTE: dup'd tri is expected. */
      {15, 17, 8, 8},   /* 14: T17 intersects one edge of T15 at (1,1,0)(3,3,0). */
      {15, 18, 10, 12}, /* 15: T18 intersects T15 at (1,1,0)(3,3,0)(3,15/4,1/2)(0,3,2). */
      {15, 19, 8, 10},  /* 16: T19 intersects T15 at (3,3,0)(0,3,2). */
      {15, 20, 12, 14}, /* 17: T20 intersects T15 on three edges, six intersects. */
      {15, 21, 10, 11}, /* 18: T21 intersects T15 on three edges, touching one. */
      {15, 22, 5, 4},   /* 19: T22 shares edge T15, one other outside. */
      {15, 23, 4, 4},   /* 20: T23 shares edge T15, one other outside. */
      {15, 24, 5, 4},   /* 21: T24 shares two edges with T15. */
      {15, 25, 3, 2},   /* 22: T25 same T15, reverse orientation. */
  };
  static int perms[6][3] = {{0, 1, 2}, {0, 2, 1}, {1, 0, 2}, {1, 2, 0}, {2, 0, 1}, {2, 1, 0}};

  const int do_only_test = -1; /* Make this negative to do all tests. */
  for (int test = 0; test < test_tris.size(); ++test) {
    if (do_only_test >= 0 && test != do_only_test) {
      continue;
    }
    int tri1_index = test_tris[test].t0;
    int tri2_index = test_tris[test].t1;
    int co1_i = 3 * tri1_index;
    int co2_i = 3 * tri2_index;

    const bool verbose = false;

    if (verbose) {
      std::cout << "\nTest " << test << ": T" << tri1_index << " intersect T" << tri2_index
                << "\n";
    }

    const bool do_all_perms = true;
    const int perm_limit = do_all_perms ? 3 : 1;

    for (int i = 0; i < perm_limit; ++i) {
      for (int j = 0; j < perm_limit; ++j) {
        if (do_all_perms && verbose) {
          std::cout << "\nperms " << i << " " << j << "\n";
        }
        IMeshArena arena;
        arena.reserve(2 * 3, 2);
        Array<const Vert *> f0_verts(3);
        Array<const Vert *> f1_verts(3);
        for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k) {
          f0_verts[k] = arena.add_or_find_vert(verts[co1_i + perms[i][k]], k);
        }
        for (int k = 0; k < 3; ++k) {
          f1_verts[k] = arena.add_or_find_vert(verts[co2_i + perms[i][k]], k + 3);
        }
        Face *f0 = arena.add_face(f0_verts, 0, {0, 1, 2});
        Face *f1 = arena.add_face(f1_verts, 1, {3, 4, 5});
        IMesh in_mesh({f0, f1});
        IMesh out_mesh = trimesh_self_intersect(in_mesh, &arena);
        out_mesh.populate_vert();
        EXPECT_EQ(out_mesh.vert_size(), test_tris[test].nv_out);
        EXPECT_EQ(out_mesh.face_size(), test_tris[test].nf_out);
        bool constexpr dump_input = true;
        if (DO_OBJ && i == 0 && j == 0) {
          if (dump_input) {
            std::string name = "test_tt_in" + std::to_string(test);
            write_obj_mesh(in_mesh, name);
          }
          std::string name = "test_tt" + std::to_string(test);
          write_obj_mesh(out_mesh, name);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, OverlapCluster)
{
  /* Chain of 5 overlapping coplanar tris.
   * Ordered so that clustering will make two separate clusters
   * that it will have to merge into one cluster with everything. */
  const char *spec = R"(15 5
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  1/2 1 0
  1/2 0 0
  3/2 0 0
  1 1 0
  1 0 0
  2 0 0
  3/2 1 0
  3/2 0 0
  5/2 0 0
  2 1 0
  2 0 0
  3 0 0
  5/2 1 0
  0 1 2
  3 4 5
  9 10 11
  12 13 14
  6 7 8
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 16);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 18);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "overlapcluster");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriCornerCross1)
{
  /* A corner formed by 3 tris, and a 4th crossing two of them. */
  const char *spec = R"(12 4
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  0 0 1
  0 0 0
  0 1 0
  0 0 1
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  0 1 0
  1 1 1/2
  1 -2 1/2
  -2 1 1/2
  0 1 2
  3 4 5
  6 7 8
  9 10 11
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 10);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 14);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "test_tc_1");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriCornerCross2)
{
  /* A corner formed by 3 tris, and a 4th coplanar with base. */
  const char *spec = R"(12 4
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  0 0 1
  0 0 0
  0 1 0
  0 0 1
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  0 1 0
  1 1 0
  1 -2 0
  -2 1 0
  0 1 2
  3 4 5
  6 7 8
  9 10 11
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 7);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 8);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "test_tc_2");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TriCornerCross3)
{
  /* A corner formed by 3 tris, and a 4th crossing all 3. */
  const char *spec = R"(12 4
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  0 0 1
  0 0 0
  0 1 0
  0 0 1
  0 0 0
  1 0 0
  0 1 0
  3/2 -1/2 -1/4
  -1/2 3/2 -1/4
  -1/2 -1/2 3/4
  0 1 2
  3 4 5
  6 7 8
  9 10 11
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 10);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 16);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "test_tc_3");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, TetTet)
{
  const char *spec = R"(8 8
  0 0 0
  2 0 0
  1 2 0
  1 1 2
  0 0 1
  2 0 1
  1 2 1
  1 1 3
  0 1 2
  0 3 1
  1 3 2
  2 3 0
  4 5 6
  4 7 5
  5 7 6
  6 7 4
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 11);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 20);
  /* Expect there to be a triangle with these three verts, oriented this way, with original face 1.
   */
  const Vert *v1 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(2, 0, 0));
  const Vert *v8 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(0.5, 0.5, 1));
  const Vert *v9 = mb.arena.find_vert(mpq3(1.5, 0.5, 1));
  EXPECT_TRUE(v1 && v8 && v9);
  if (v1 && v8 && v9) {
    const Face *f = mb.arena.find_face({v1, v8, v9});
    EXPECT_NE(f, nullptr);
    if (f != nullptr) {
      EXPECT_EQ(f->orig, 1);
      int v1pos = f->vert[0] == v1 ? 0 : (f->vert[1] == v1 ? 1 : 2);
      EXPECT_EQ(f->edge_orig[v1pos], NO_INDEX);
      EXPECT_EQ(f->edge_orig[(v1pos + 1) % 3], NO_INDEX);
      EXPECT_EQ(f->edge_orig[(v1pos + 2) % 3], 1001);
      EXPECT_EQ(f->is_intersect[v1pos], false);
      EXPECT_EQ(f->is_intersect[(v1pos + 1) % 3], true);
      EXPECT_EQ(f->is_intersect[(v1pos + 2) % 3], false);
    }
  }
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "test_tc_3");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, CubeCubeStep)
{
  const char *spec = R"(16 24
  0 -1 0
  0 -1 2
  0 1 0
  0 1 2
  2 -1 0
  2 -1 2
  2 1 0
  2 1 2
  -1 -1 -1
  -1 -1 1
  -1 1 -1
  -1 1 1
  1 -1 -1
  1 -1 1
  1 1 -1
  1 1 1
  0 1 3
  0 3 2
  2 3 7
  2 7 6
  6 7 5
  6 5 4
  4 5 1
  4 1 0
  2 6 4
  2 4 0
  7 3 1
  7 1 5
  8 9 11
  8 11 10
  10 11 15
  10 15 14
  14 15 13
  14 13 12
  12 13 9
  12 9 8
  10 14 12
  10 12 8
  15 11 9
  15 9 13
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 22);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 56);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "test_cubecubestep");
  }

  IMeshBuilder mb2(spec);
  IMesh out2 = trimesh_nary_intersect(
      mb2.imesh, 2, [](int t) { return t < 12 ? 0 : 1; }, false, &mb2.arena);
  out2.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out2.vert_size(), 22);
  EXPECT_EQ(out2.face_size(), 56);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out2, "test_cubecubestep_nary");
  }
}

TEST(mesh_intersect, RectCross)
{
  const char *spec = R"(8 4
  3/2 0 1
  -3/2 0 1
  -3/2 0 -1
  3/2 0 -1
  1 0 -5
  -1 0 -5
  1 0 5
  -1 0 5
  1 0 3
  1 3 2
  5 4 6
  5 6 7
  )";

  IMeshBuilder mb(spec);
  IMesh out = trimesh_self_intersect(mb.imesh, &mb.arena);
  out.populate_vert();
  EXPECT_EQ(out.vert_size(), 17);
  EXPECT_EQ(out.face_size(), 28);
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "test_rectcross");
  }
}
#  endif

#  if DO_PERF_TESTS

static void get_sphere_params(
    int nrings, int nsegs, bool triangulate, int *r_num_verts, int *r_num_faces)
{
  *r_num_verts = nsegs * (nrings - 1) + 2;
  if (triangulate) {
    *r_num_faces = 2 * nsegs + 2 * nsegs * (nrings - 2);
  }
  else {
    *r_num_faces = nsegs * nrings;
  }
}

static void fill_sphere_data(int nrings,
                             int nsegs,
                             const double3 &center,
                             double radius,
                             bool triangulate,
                             MutableSpan<Face *> face,
                             int vid_start,
                             int fid_start,
                             IMeshArena *arena)
{
  int num_verts;
  int num_faces;
  get_sphere_params(nrings, nsegs, triangulate, &num_verts, &num_faces);
  BLI_assert(num_faces == face.size());
  Array<const Vert *> vert(num_verts);
  const bool nrings_even = (nrings % 2 == 0);
  int half_nrings = nrings / 2;
  const bool nsegs_even = (nsegs % 2) == 0;
  const bool nsegs_four_divisible = (nsegs % 4 == 0);
  int half_nsegs = nrings;
  int quarter_nsegs = half_nsegs / 2;
  double delta_phi = 2 * M_PI / nsegs;
  double delta_theta = M_PI / nrings;
  int fid = fid_start;
  int vid = vid_start;
  auto vert_index_fn = [nrings, num_verts](int seg, int ring) {
    if (ring == 0) { /* Top vert. */
      return num_verts - 2;
    }
    if (ring == nrings) { /* Bottom vert. */
      return num_verts - 1;
    }
    return seg * (nrings - 1) + (ring - 1);
  };
  auto face_index_fn = [nrings](int seg, int ring) { return seg * nrings + ring; };
  auto tri_index_fn = [nrings, nsegs](int seg, int ring, int tri) {
    if (ring == 0) {
      return seg;
    }
    if (ring < nrings - 1) {
      return nsegs + 2 * (ring - 1) * nsegs + 2 * seg + tri;
    }
    return nsegs + 2 * (nrings - 2) * nsegs + seg;
  };
  Array<int> eid = {0, 0, 0, 0}; /* Don't care about edge ids. */
  /*
   * (x, y , z) is given from inclination theta and azimuth phi,
   * where 0 <= theta <= pi;  0 <= phi <= 2pi.
   * x = radius * sin(theta) cos(phi)
   * y = radius * sin(theta) sin(phi)
   * z = radius * cos(theta)
   */
  for (int s = 0; s < nsegs; ++s) {
    double phi = s * delta_phi;
    double sin_phi;
    double cos_phi;
    /* Avoid use of trig functions for pi/2 divisible angles. */
    if (s == 0) {
      /* phi = 0. */
      sin_phi = 0.0;
      cos_phi = 1.0;
    }
    else if (nsegs_even && s == half_nsegs) {
      /* phi = pi. */
      sin_phi = 0.0;
      cos_phi = -1.0;
    }
    else if (nsegs_four_divisible && s == quarter_nsegs) {
      /* phi = pi/2. */
      sin_phi = 1.0;
      cos_phi = 0.0;
    }
    else if (nsegs_four_divisible && s == 3 * quarter_nsegs) {
      /* phi = 3pi/2. */
      sin_phi = -1.0;
      cos_phi = 0.0;
    }
    else {
      sin_phi = sin(phi);
      cos_phi = cos(phi);
    }
    for (int r = 1; r < nrings; ++r) {
      double theta = r * delta_theta;
      double r_sin_theta;
      double r_cos_theta;
      if (nrings_even && r == half_nrings) {
        /* theta = pi/2. */
        r_sin_theta = radius;
        r_cos_theta = 0.0;
      }
      else {
        r_sin_theta = radius * sin(theta);
        r_cos_theta = radius * cos(theta);
      }
      double x = r_sin_theta * cos_phi + center[0];
      double y = r_sin_theta * sin_phi + center[1];
      double z = r_cos_theta + center[2];
      const Vert *v = arena->add_or_find_vert(mpq3(x, y, z), vid++);
      vert[vert_index_fn(s, r)] = v;
    }
  }
  const Vert *vtop = arena->add_or_find_vert(mpq3(center[0], center[1], center[2] + radius),
                                             vid++);
  const Vert *vbot = arena->add_or_find_vert(mpq3(center[0], center[1], center[2] - radius),
                                             vid++);
  vert[vert_index_fn(0, 0)] = vtop;
  vert[vert_index_fn(0, nrings)] = vbot;
  for (int s = 0; s < nsegs; ++s) {
    int snext = (s + 1) % nsegs;
    for (int r = 0; r < nrings; ++r) {
      int rnext = r + 1;
      int i0 = vert_index_fn(s, r);
      int i1 = vert_index_fn(s, rnext);
      int i2 = vert_index_fn(snext, rnext);
      int i3 = vert_index_fn(snext, r);
      Face *f;
      Face *f2 = nullptr;
      if (r == 0) {
        f = arena->add_face({vert[i0], vert[i1], vert[i2]}, fid++, eid);
      }
      else if (r == nrings - 1) {
        f = arena->add_face({vert[i0], vert[i1], vert[i3]}, fid++, eid);
      }
      else {
        if (triangulate) {
          f = arena->add_face({vert[i0], vert[i1], vert[i2]}, fid++, eid);
          f2 = arena->add_face({vert[i2], vert[i3], vert[i0]}, fid++, eid);
        }
        else {
          f = arena->add_face({vert[i0], vert[i1], vert[i2], vert[i3]}, fid++, eid);
        }
      }
      if (triangulate) {
        int f_index = tri_index_fn(s, r, 0);
        face[f_index] = f;
        if (r != 0 && r != nrings - 1) {
          int f_index2 = tri_index_fn(s, r, 1);
          face[f_index2] = f2;
        }
      }
      else {
        int f_index = face_index_fn(s, r);
        face[f_index] = f;
      }
    }
  }
}

static void spheresphere_test(int nrings, double y_offset, bool use_self)
{
  /* Make two uvspheres with nrings rings ad 2*nrings segments. */
  if (nrings < 2) {
    return;
  }
  BLI_task_scheduler_init(); /* Without this, no parallelism. */
  double time_start = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  IMeshArena arena;
  int nsegs = 2 * nrings;
  int num_sphere_verts;
  int num_sphere_tris;
  get_sphere_params(nrings, nsegs, true, &num_sphere_verts, &num_sphere_tris);
  Array<Face *> tris(2 * num_sphere_tris);
  arena.reserve(6 * num_sphere_verts / 2, 8 * num_sphere_tris);
  double3 center1(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
  fill_sphere_data(nrings,
                   nsegs,
                   center1,
                   1.0,
                   true,
                   MutableSpan<Face *>(tris.begin(), num_sphere_tris),
                   0,
                   0,
                   &arena);
  double3 center2(0.0, y_offset, 0.0);
  fill_sphere_data(nrings,
                   nsegs,
                   center2,
                   1.0,
                   true,
                   MutableSpan<Face *>(tris.begin() + num_sphere_tris, num_sphere_tris),
                   num_sphere_verts,
                   num_sphere_verts,
                   &arena);
  IMesh mesh(tris);
  double time_create = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  // write_obj_mesh(mesh, "spheresphere_in");
  IMesh out;
  if (use_self) {
    out = trimesh_self_intersect(mesh, &arena);
  }
  else {
    int nf = num_sphere_tris;
    out = trimesh_nary_intersect(
        mesh, 2, [nf](int t) { return t < nf ? 0 : 1; }, false, &arena);
  }
  double time_intersect = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  std::cout << "Create time: " << time_create - time_start << "\n";
  std::cout << "Intersect time: " << time_intersect - time_create << "\n";
  std::cout << "Total time: " << time_intersect - time_start << "\n";
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "spheresphere");
  }
  BLI_task_scheduler_exit();
}

static void get_grid_params(
    int x_subdiv, int y_subdiv, bool triangulate, int *r_num_verts, int *r_num_faces)
{
  *r_num_verts = x_subdiv * y_subdiv;
  if (triangulate) {
    *r_num_faces = 2 * (x_subdiv - 1) * (y_subdiv - 1);
  }
  else {
    *r_num_faces = (x_subdiv - 1) * (y_subdiv - 1);
  }
}

static void fill_grid_data(int x_subdiv,
                           int y_subdiv,
                           bool triangulate,
                           double size,
                           const double3 &center,
                           double rot_deg,
                           MutableSpan<Face *> face,
                           int vid_start,
                           int fid_start,
                           IMeshArena *arena)
{
  if (x_subdiv <= 1 || y_subdiv <= 1) {
    return;
  }
  int num_verts;
  int num_faces;
  get_grid_params(x_subdiv, y_subdiv, triangulate, &num_verts, &num_faces);
  BLI_assert(face.size() == num_faces);
  Array<const Vert *> vert(num_verts);
  auto vert_index_fn = [x_subdiv](int ix, int iy) { return iy * x_subdiv + ix; };
  auto face_index_fn = [x_subdiv](int ix, int iy) { return iy * (x_subdiv - 1) + ix; };
  auto tri_index_fn = [x_subdiv](int ix, int iy, int tri) {
    return 2 * iy * (x_subdiv - 1) + 2 * ix + tri;
  };
  Array<int> eid = {0, 0, 0, 0}; /* Don't care about edge ids. */
  double r = size / 2.0;
  double delta_x = size / (x_subdiv - 1);
  double delta_y = size / (y_subdiv - 1);
  int vid = vid_start;
  double cos_rot = cosf(rot_deg * M_PI / 180.0);
  double sin_rot = sinf(rot_deg * M_PI / 180.0);
  for (int iy = 0; iy < y_subdiv; ++iy) {
    double yy = iy * delta_y - r;
    for (int ix = 0; ix < x_subdiv; ++ix) {
      double xx = ix * delta_x - r;
      double x = center[0] + xx;
      double y = center[1] + yy;
      double z = center[2];
      if (rot_deg != 0.0) {
        x = center[0] + xx * cos_rot - yy * sin_rot;
        y = center[1] + xx * sin_rot + yy * cos_rot;
      }
      const Vert *v = arena->add_or_find_vert(mpq3(x, y, z), vid++);
      vert[vert_index_fn(ix, iy)] = v;
    }
  }
  int fid = fid_start;
  for (int iy = 0; iy < y_subdiv - 1; ++iy) {
    for (int ix = 0; ix < x_subdiv - 1; ++ix) {
      int i0 = vert_index_fn(ix, iy);
      int i1 = vert_index_fn(ix, iy + 1);
      int i2 = vert_index_fn(ix + 1, iy + 1);
      int i3 = vert_index_fn(ix + 1, iy);
      if (triangulate) {
        Face *f = arena->add_face({vert[i0], vert[i1], vert[i2]}, fid++, eid);
        Face *f2 = arena->add_face({vert[i2], vert[i3], vert[i0]}, fid++, eid);
        face[tri_index_fn(ix, iy, 0)] = f;
        face[tri_index_fn(ix, iy, 1)] = f2;
      }
      else {
        Face *f = arena->add_face({vert[i0], vert[i1], vert[i2], vert[i3]}, fid++, eid);
        face[face_index_fn(ix, iy)] = f;
      }
    }
  }
}

static void spheregrid_test(int nrings, int grid_level, double z_offset, bool use_self)
{
  /* Make a uv-sphere and a grid.
   * The sphere is radius 1, has `nrings` rings and `2 * nrings` segments,
   * and is centered at (0,0,z_offset).
   * The plane is 4x4, has `2 ** grid_level` subdivisions x and y,
   * and is centered at the origin. */
  if (nrings < 2 || grid_level < 1) {
    return;
  }
  BLI_task_scheduler_init(); /* Without this, no parallelism. */
  double time_start = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  IMeshArena arena;
  int num_sphere_verts;
  int num_sphere_tris;
  int nsegs = 2 * nrings;
  int num_grid_verts;
  int num_grid_tris;
  int subdivs = 1 << grid_level;
  get_sphere_params(nrings, nsegs, true, &num_sphere_verts, &num_sphere_tris);
  get_grid_params(subdivs, subdivs, true, &num_grid_verts, &num_grid_tris);
  Array<Face *> tris(num_sphere_tris + num_grid_tris);
  arena.reserve(3 * (num_sphere_verts + num_grid_verts) / 2,
                4 * (num_sphere_tris + num_grid_tris));
  double3 center(0.0, 0.0, z_offset);
  fill_sphere_data(nrings,
                   nsegs,
                   center,
                   1.0,
                   true,
                   MutableSpan<Face *>(tris.begin(), num_sphere_tris),
                   0,
                   0,
                   &arena);
  fill_grid_data(subdivs,
                 subdivs,
                 true,
                 4.0,
                 double3(0, 0, 0),
                 0.0,
                 MutableSpan<Face *>(tris.begin() + num_sphere_tris, num_grid_tris),
                 num_sphere_verts,
                 num_sphere_tris,
                 &arena);
  IMesh mesh(tris);
  double time_create = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  // write_obj_mesh(mesh, "spheregrid_in");
  IMesh out;
  if (use_self) {
    out = trimesh_self_intersect(mesh, &arena);
  }
  else {
    int nf = num_sphere_tris;
    out = trimesh_nary_intersect(
        mesh, 2, [nf](int t) { return t < nf ? 0 : 1; }, false, &arena);
  }
  double time_intersect = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  std::cout << "Create time: " << time_create - time_start << "\n";
  std::cout << "Intersect time: " << time_intersect - time_create << "\n";
  std::cout << "Total time: " << time_intersect - time_start << "\n";
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "spheregrid");
  }
  BLI_task_scheduler_exit();
}

static void gridgrid_test(int x_level_1,
                          int y_level_1,
                          int x_level_2,
                          int y_level_2,
                          double x_off,
                          double y_off,
                          double rot_deg,
                          bool use_self)
{
  /* Make two grids, each 4x4, with given subdivision levels in x and y,
   * and the second offset from the first by x_off, y_off, and rotated by rot_deg degrees. */
  BLI_task_scheduler_init(); /* Without this, no parallelism. */
  double time_start = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  IMeshArena arena;
  int x_subdivs_1 = 1 << x_level_1;
  int y_subdivs_1 = 1 << y_level_1;
  int x_subdivs_2 = 1 << x_level_2;
  int y_subdivs_2 = 1 << y_level_2;
  int num_grid_verts_1;
  int num_grid_verts_2;
  int num_grid_tris_1;
  int num_grid_tris_2;
  get_grid_params(x_subdivs_1, y_subdivs_1, true, &num_grid_verts_1, &num_grid_tris_1);
  get_grid_params(x_subdivs_2, y_subdivs_2, true, &num_grid_verts_2, &num_grid_tris_2);
  Array<Face *> tris(num_grid_tris_1 + num_grid_tris_2);
  arena.reserve(3 * (num_grid_verts_1 + num_grid_verts_2) / 2,
                4 * (num_grid_tris_1 + num_grid_tris_2));
  fill_grid_data(x_subdivs_1,
                 y_subdivs_1,
                 true,
                 4.0,
                 double3(0, 0, 0),
                 0.0,
                 MutableSpan<Face *>(tris.begin(), num_grid_tris_1),
                 0,
                 0,
                 &arena);
  fill_grid_data(x_subdivs_2,
                 y_subdivs_2,
                 true,
                 4.0,
                 double3(x_off, y_off, 0),
                 rot_deg,
                 MutableSpan<Face *>(tris.begin() + num_grid_tris_1, num_grid_tris_2),
                 num_grid_verts_1,
                 num_grid_tris_1,
                 &arena);
  IMesh mesh(tris);
  double time_create = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  // write_obj_mesh(mesh, "gridgrid_in");
  IMesh out;
  if (use_self) {
    out = trimesh_self_intersect(mesh, &arena);
  }
  else {
    int nf = num_grid_tris_1;
    out = trimesh_nary_intersect(
        mesh, 2, [nf](int t) { return t < nf ? 0 : 1; }, false, &arena);
  }
  double time_intersect = PIL_check_seconds_timer();
  std::cout << "Create time: " << time_create - time_start << "\n";
  std::cout << "Intersect time: " << time_intersect - time_create << "\n";
  std::cout << "Total time: " << time_intersect - time_start << "\n";
  if (DO_OBJ) {
    write_obj_mesh(out, "gridgrid");
  }
  BLI_task_scheduler_exit();
}

TEST(mesh_intersect_perf, SphereSphere)
{
  spheresphere_test(512, 0.5, false);
}

TEST(mesh_intersect_perf, SphereSphereSelf)
{
  spheresphere_test(64, 0.5, true);
}

TEST(mesh_intersect_perf, SphereGrid)
{
  spheregrid_test(512, 4, 0.1, false);
}

TEST(mesh_intersect_perf, SphereGridSelf)
{
  spheregrid_test(64, 4, 0.1, true);
}

TEST(mesh_intersect_perf, GridGrid)
{
  gridgrid_test(8, 2, 4, 2, 0.1, 0.1, 0.0, false);
}

TEST(mesh_intersect_perf, GridGridTilt)
{
  gridgrid_test(8, 2, 4, 2, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, false);
}

#  endif

}  // namespace blender::meshintersect::tests
#endif