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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
/** \file
* \ingroup pythonintern
*
* This file defines the 'BPY_driver_exec' to execute python driver expressions,
* called by the animation system, there are also some utility functions
* to deal with the namespace used for driver execution.
*/
/* ****************************************** */
/* Drivers - PyExpression Evaluation */
#include <Python.h>
#include "DNA_anim_types.h"
#include "BLI_listbase.h"
#include "BLI_math_base.h"
#include "BLI_string.h"
#include "BKE_animsys.h"
#include "BKE_fcurve_driver.h"
#include "BKE_global.h"
#include "RNA_access.h"
#include "RNA_prototypes.h"
#include "RNA_types.h"
#include "bpy_rna_driver.h" /* for pyrna_driver_get_variable_value */
#include "bpy_intern_string.h"
#include "bpy_driver.h"
#include "bpy_rna.h"
#include "BPY_extern.h"
#define USE_RNA_AS_PYOBJECT
#define USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
# include <opcode.h>
#endif
PyObject *bpy_pydriver_Dict = NULL;
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
static PyObject *bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist = NULL;
#endif
int bpy_pydriver_create_dict(void)
{
PyObject *d, *mod;
/* validate namespace for driver evaluation */
if (bpy_pydriver_Dict) {
return -1;
}
d = PyDict_New();
if (d == NULL) {
return -1;
}
bpy_pydriver_Dict = d;
/* Import some modules: builtins, bpy, math, `Blender.noise`. */
PyDict_SetItemString(d, "__builtins__", PyEval_GetBuiltins());
mod = PyImport_ImportModule("math");
if (mod) {
PyDict_Merge(d, PyModule_GetDict(mod), 0); /* 0 - don't overwrite existing values */
Py_DECREF(mod);
}
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
PyObject *mod_math = mod;
#endif
/* add bpy to global namespace */
mod = PyImport_ImportModuleLevel("bpy", NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
if (mod) {
PyDict_SetItemString(bpy_pydriver_Dict, "bpy", mod);
Py_DECREF(mod);
}
/* add noise to global namespace */
mod = PyImport_ImportModuleLevel("mathutils", NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
if (mod) {
PyObject *modsub = PyDict_GetItemString(PyModule_GetDict(mod), "noise");
PyDict_SetItemString(bpy_pydriver_Dict, "noise", modsub);
Py_DECREF(mod);
}
/* Add math utility functions. */
mod = PyImport_ImportModuleLevel("bl_math", NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
if (mod) {
static const char *names[] = {"clamp", "lerp", "smoothstep", NULL};
for (const char **pname = names; *pname; ++pname) {
PyObject *func = PyDict_GetItemString(PyModule_GetDict(mod), *pname);
PyDict_SetItemString(bpy_pydriver_Dict, *pname, func);
}
Py_DECREF(mod);
}
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
/* setup the whitelist */
{
bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist = PyDict_New();
const char *whitelist[] = {
/* builtins (basic) */
"all",
"any",
"len",
/* builtins (numeric) */
"max",
"min",
"pow",
"round",
"sum",
/* types */
"bool",
"float",
"int",
/* bl_math */
"clamp",
"lerp",
"smoothstep",
NULL,
};
for (int i = 0; whitelist[i]; i++) {
PyDict_SetItemString(bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist, whitelist[i], Py_None);
}
/* Add all of 'math' functions. */
if (mod_math != NULL) {
PyObject *mod_math_dict = PyModule_GetDict(mod_math);
PyObject *arg_key, *arg_value;
Py_ssize_t arg_pos = 0;
while (PyDict_Next(mod_math_dict, &arg_pos, &arg_key, &arg_value)) {
const char *arg_str = PyUnicode_AsUTF8(arg_key);
if (arg_str[0] && arg_str[1] != '_') {
PyDict_SetItem(bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist, arg_key, Py_None);
}
}
}
}
#endif /* USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST */
return 0;
}
/* NOTE: this function should do nothing most runs, only when changing frame. */
/* not thread safe but neither is python */
static struct {
float evaltime;
/* borrowed reference to the 'self' in 'bpy_pydriver_Dict'
* keep for as long as the same self is used. */
PyObject *self;
BPy_StructRNA *depsgraph;
} g_pydriver_state_prev = {
.evaltime = FLT_MAX,
.self = NULL,
.depsgraph = NULL,
};
static void bpy_pydriver_namespace_update_frame(const float evaltime)
{
if (g_pydriver_state_prev.evaltime != evaltime) {
PyObject *item = PyFloat_FromDouble(evaltime);
PyDict_SetItem(bpy_pydriver_Dict, bpy_intern_str_frame, item);
Py_DECREF(item);
g_pydriver_state_prev.evaltime = evaltime;
}
}
static void bpy_pydriver_namespace_update_self(struct PathResolvedRNA *anim_rna)
{
if ((g_pydriver_state_prev.self == NULL) ||
(pyrna_driver_is_equal_anim_rna(anim_rna, g_pydriver_state_prev.self) == false)) {
PyObject *item = pyrna_driver_self_from_anim_rna(anim_rna);
PyDict_SetItem(bpy_pydriver_Dict, bpy_intern_str_self, item);
Py_DECREF(item);
g_pydriver_state_prev.self = item;
}
}
static void bpy_pydriver_namespace_clear_self(void)
{
if (g_pydriver_state_prev.self) {
PyDict_DelItem(bpy_pydriver_Dict, bpy_intern_str_self);
g_pydriver_state_prev.self = NULL;
}
}
static PyObject *bpy_pydriver_depsgraph_as_pyobject(struct Depsgraph *depsgraph)
{
struct PointerRNA depsgraph_ptr;
RNA_pointer_create(NULL, &RNA_Depsgraph, depsgraph, &depsgraph_ptr);
return pyrna_struct_CreatePyObject(&depsgraph_ptr);
}
/**
* Adds a variable 'depsgraph' to the name-space. This can then be used to obtain evaluated
* data-blocks, and the current view layer and scene. See T75553.
*/
static void bpy_pydriver_namespace_update_depsgraph(struct Depsgraph *depsgraph)
{
/* This should never happen, but it's probably better to have None in Python
* than a NULL-wrapping Depsgraph Python struct. */
BLI_assert(depsgraph != NULL);
if (UNLIKELY(depsgraph == NULL)) {
PyDict_SetItem(bpy_pydriver_Dict, bpy_intern_str_depsgraph, Py_None);
g_pydriver_state_prev.depsgraph = NULL;
return;
}
if ((g_pydriver_state_prev.depsgraph == NULL) ||
((depsgraph != g_pydriver_state_prev.depsgraph->ptr.data))) {
PyObject *item = bpy_pydriver_depsgraph_as_pyobject(depsgraph);
PyDict_SetItem(bpy_pydriver_Dict, bpy_intern_str_depsgraph, item);
Py_DECREF(item);
g_pydriver_state_prev.depsgraph = (BPy_StructRNA *)item;
}
}
void BPY_driver_reset(void)
{
PyGILState_STATE gilstate;
const bool use_gil = true; /* !PyC_IsInterpreterActive(); */
if (use_gil) {
gilstate = PyGILState_Ensure();
}
if (bpy_pydriver_Dict) { /* free the global dict used by pydrivers */
PyDict_Clear(bpy_pydriver_Dict);
Py_DECREF(bpy_pydriver_Dict);
bpy_pydriver_Dict = NULL;
}
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
if (bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist) {
PyDict_Clear(bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist);
Py_DECREF(bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist);
bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist = NULL;
}
#endif
g_pydriver_state_prev.evaltime = FLT_MAX;
/* freed when clearing driver dict */
g_pydriver_state_prev.self = NULL;
g_pydriver_state_prev.depsgraph = NULL;
if (use_gil) {
PyGILState_Release(gilstate);
}
}
/* error return function for BPY_eval_pydriver */
static void pydriver_error(ChannelDriver *driver)
{
driver->flag |= DRIVER_FLAG_INVALID; /* py expression failed */
fprintf(stderr,
"\nError in Driver: The following Python expression failed:\n\t'%s'\n\n",
driver->expression);
// BPy_errors_to_report(NULL); /* TODO: reports. */
PyErr_Print();
PyErr_Clear();
}
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
# define OK_OP(op) [op] = 1
static const char secure_opcodes[255] = {
OK_OP(POP_TOP),
OK_OP(ROT_TWO),
OK_OP(ROT_THREE),
OK_OP(DUP_TOP),
OK_OP(DUP_TOP_TWO),
OK_OP(NOP),
OK_OP(UNARY_POSITIVE),
OK_OP(UNARY_NEGATIVE),
OK_OP(UNARY_NOT),
OK_OP(UNARY_INVERT),
OK_OP(BINARY_MATRIX_MULTIPLY),
OK_OP(INPLACE_MATRIX_MULTIPLY),
OK_OP(BINARY_POWER),
OK_OP(BINARY_MULTIPLY),
OK_OP(BINARY_MODULO),
OK_OP(BINARY_ADD),
OK_OP(BINARY_SUBTRACT),
OK_OP(BINARY_SUBSCR),
OK_OP(BINARY_FLOOR_DIVIDE),
OK_OP(BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE),
OK_OP(INPLACE_FLOOR_DIVIDE),
OK_OP(INPLACE_TRUE_DIVIDE),
OK_OP(INPLACE_ADD),
OK_OP(INPLACE_SUBTRACT),
OK_OP(INPLACE_MULTIPLY),
OK_OP(INPLACE_MODULO),
OK_OP(BINARY_LSHIFT),
OK_OP(BINARY_RSHIFT),
OK_OP(BINARY_AND),
OK_OP(BINARY_XOR),
OK_OP(BINARY_OR),
OK_OP(INPLACE_POWER),
OK_OP(INPLACE_LSHIFT),
OK_OP(INPLACE_RSHIFT),
OK_OP(INPLACE_AND),
OK_OP(INPLACE_XOR),
OK_OP(INPLACE_OR),
OK_OP(RETURN_VALUE),
OK_OP(BUILD_TUPLE),
OK_OP(BUILD_LIST),
OK_OP(BUILD_SET),
OK_OP(BUILD_MAP),
OK_OP(COMPARE_OP),
OK_OP(JUMP_FORWARD),
OK_OP(JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP),
OK_OP(JUMP_IF_TRUE_OR_POP),
OK_OP(JUMP_ABSOLUTE),
OK_OP(POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE),
OK_OP(POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE),
OK_OP(LOAD_GLOBAL),
OK_OP(LOAD_FAST),
OK_OP(STORE_FAST),
OK_OP(DELETE_FAST),
OK_OP(LOAD_DEREF),
OK_OP(STORE_DEREF),
/* special cases */
OK_OP(LOAD_CONST), /* ok because constants are accepted */
OK_OP(LOAD_NAME), /* ok, because PyCodeObject.names is checked */
OK_OP(CALL_FUNCTION), /* ok, because we check its 'name' before calling */
OK_OP(CALL_FUNCTION_KW),
OK_OP(CALL_FUNCTION_EX),
};
# undef OK_OP
static bool bpy_driver_secure_bytecode_validate(PyObject *expr_code, PyObject *dict_arr[])
{
PyCodeObject *py_code = (PyCodeObject *)expr_code;
/* Check names. */
{
for (int i = 0; i < PyTuple_GET_SIZE(py_code->co_names); i++) {
PyObject *name = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(py_code->co_names, i);
bool contains_name = false;
for (int j = 0; dict_arr[j]; j++) {
if (PyDict_Contains(dict_arr[j], name)) {
contains_name = true;
break;
}
}
if (contains_name == false) {
fprintf(stderr,
"\tBPY_driver_eval() - restricted access disallows name '%s', "
"enable auto-execution to support\n",
PyUnicode_AsUTF8(name));
return false;
}
}
}
/* Check opcodes. */
{
const _Py_CODEUNIT *codestr;
Py_ssize_t code_len;
PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(py_code->co_code, (char **)&codestr, &code_len);
code_len /= sizeof(*codestr);
for (Py_ssize_t i = 0; i < code_len; i++) {
const int opcode = _Py_OPCODE(codestr[i]);
if (secure_opcodes[opcode] == 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"\tBPY_driver_eval() - restricted access disallows opcode '%d', "
"enable auto-execution to support\n",
opcode);
return false;
}
}
# undef CODESIZE
}
return true;
}
#endif /* USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST */
float BPY_driver_exec(struct PathResolvedRNA *anim_rna,
ChannelDriver *driver,
ChannelDriver *driver_orig,
const AnimationEvalContext *anim_eval_context)
{
/* (old) NOTE: PyGILState_Ensure() isn't always called because python can call
* the bake operator which intern starts a thread which calls scene update
* which does a driver update. to avoid a deadlock check #PyC_IsInterpreterActive()
* if #PyGILState_Ensure() is needed, see T27683.
*
* (new) NOTE: checking if python is running is not thread-safe T28114
* now release the GIL on python operator execution instead, using
* #PyEval_SaveThread() / #PyEval_RestoreThread() so we don't lock up blender.
*
* For copy-on-write we always cache expressions and write errors in the
* original driver, otherwise these would get freed while editing.
* Due to the GIL this is thread-safe. */
PyObject *driver_vars = NULL;
PyObject *retval = NULL;
/* Speed up by pre-hashing string & avoids re-converting unicode strings for every execution. */
PyObject *expr_vars;
PyObject *expr_code;
PyGILState_STATE gilstate;
bool use_gil;
DriverVar *dvar;
double result = 0.0; /* default return */
const char *expr;
short targets_ok = 1;
int i;
/* get the py expression to be evaluated */
expr = driver_orig->expression;
if (expr[0] == '\0') {
return 0.0f;
}
#ifndef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
if (!(G.f & G_FLAG_SCRIPT_AUTOEXEC)) {
if (!(G.f & G_FLAG_SCRIPT_AUTOEXEC_FAIL_QUIET)) {
G.f |= G_FLAG_SCRIPT_AUTOEXEC_FAIL;
BLI_snprintf(G.autoexec_fail, sizeof(G.autoexec_fail), "Driver '%s'", expr);
printf("skipping driver '%s', automatic scripts are disabled\n", expr);
}
return 0.0f;
}
#else
bool is_recompile = false;
#endif
use_gil = true; /* !PyC_IsInterpreterActive(); */
if (use_gil) {
gilstate = PyGILState_Ensure();
}
/* needed since drivers are updated directly after undo where 'main' is
* re-allocated T28807. */
BPY_update_rna_module();
/* init global dictionary for py-driver evaluation settings */
if (!bpy_pydriver_Dict) {
if (bpy_pydriver_create_dict() != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "PyDriver error: couldn't create Python dictionary\n");
if (use_gil) {
PyGILState_Release(gilstate);
}
return 0.0f;
}
}
/* update global namespace */
bpy_pydriver_namespace_update_frame(anim_eval_context->eval_time);
if (driver_orig->flag & DRIVER_FLAG_USE_SELF) {
bpy_pydriver_namespace_update_self(anim_rna);
}
else {
bpy_pydriver_namespace_clear_self();
}
bpy_pydriver_namespace_update_depsgraph(anim_eval_context->depsgraph);
if (driver_orig->expr_comp == NULL) {
driver_orig->flag |= DRIVER_FLAG_RECOMPILE;
}
/* compile the expression first if it hasn't been compiled or needs to be rebuilt */
if (driver_orig->flag & DRIVER_FLAG_RECOMPILE) {
Py_XDECREF(driver_orig->expr_comp);
driver_orig->expr_comp = PyTuple_New(2);
expr_code = Py_CompileString(expr, "<bpy driver>", Py_eval_input);
PyTuple_SET_ITEM(((PyObject *)driver_orig->expr_comp), 0, expr_code);
driver_orig->flag &= ~DRIVER_FLAG_RECOMPILE;
/* Maybe this can be removed but for now best keep until were sure. */
driver_orig->flag |= DRIVER_FLAG_RENAMEVAR;
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
is_recompile = true;
#endif
}
else {
expr_code = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(((PyObject *)driver_orig->expr_comp), 0);
}
if (driver_orig->flag & DRIVER_FLAG_RENAMEVAR) {
/* may not be set */
expr_vars = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(((PyObject *)driver_orig->expr_comp), 1);
Py_XDECREF(expr_vars);
expr_vars = PyTuple_New(BLI_listbase_count(&driver_orig->variables));
PyTuple_SET_ITEM(((PyObject *)driver_orig->expr_comp), 1, expr_vars);
for (dvar = driver_orig->variables.first, i = 0; dvar; dvar = dvar->next) {
PyTuple_SET_ITEM(expr_vars, i++, PyUnicode_FromString(dvar->name));
}
driver_orig->flag &= ~DRIVER_FLAG_RENAMEVAR;
}
else {
expr_vars = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(((PyObject *)driver_orig->expr_comp), 1);
}
/* add target values to a dict that will be used as '__locals__' dict */
driver_vars = _PyDict_NewPresized(PyTuple_GET_SIZE(expr_vars));
for (dvar = driver->variables.first, i = 0; dvar; dvar = dvar->next) {
PyObject *driver_arg = NULL;
/* support for any RNA data */
#ifdef USE_RNA_AS_PYOBJECT
if (dvar->type == DVAR_TYPE_SINGLE_PROP) {
driver_arg = pyrna_driver_get_variable_value(driver, &dvar->targets[0]);
if (driver_arg == NULL) {
driver_arg = PyFloat_FromDouble(0.0);
dvar->curval = 0.0f;
}
else {
/* no need to worry about overflow here, values from RNA are within limits. */
if (PyFloat_CheckExact(driver_arg)) {
dvar->curval = (float)PyFloat_AsDouble(driver_arg);
}
else if (PyLong_CheckExact(driver_arg)) {
dvar->curval = (float)PyLong_AsLong(driver_arg);
}
else if (PyBool_Check(driver_arg)) {
dvar->curval = (driver_arg == Py_True);
}
else {
dvar->curval = 0.0f;
}
}
}
else
#endif
{
/* try to get variable value */
const float tval = driver_get_variable_value(driver, dvar);
driver_arg = PyFloat_FromDouble((double)tval);
}
/* try to add to dictionary */
/* if (PyDict_SetItemString(driver_vars, dvar->name, driver_arg)) { */
if (PyDict_SetItem(driver_vars, PyTuple_GET_ITEM(expr_vars, i++), driver_arg) != -1) {
Py_DECREF(driver_arg);
}
else {
/* this target failed - bad name */
if (targets_ok) {
/* first one - print some extra info for easier identification */
fprintf(stderr, "\nBPY_driver_eval() - Error while evaluating PyDriver:\n");
targets_ok = 0;
}
fprintf(
stderr, "\tBPY_driver_eval() - couldn't add variable '%s' to namespace\n", dvar->name);
// BPy_errors_to_report(NULL); /* TODO: reports. */
PyErr_Print();
PyErr_Clear();
}
}
#ifdef USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST
if (is_recompile && expr_code) {
if (!(G.f & G_FLAG_SCRIPT_AUTOEXEC)) {
if (!bpy_driver_secure_bytecode_validate(expr_code,
(PyObject *[]){
bpy_pydriver_Dict,
bpy_pydriver_Dict__whitelist,
driver_vars,
NULL,
})) {
if (!(G.f & G_FLAG_SCRIPT_AUTOEXEC_FAIL_QUIET)) {
G.f |= G_FLAG_SCRIPT_AUTOEXEC_FAIL;
BLI_snprintf(G.autoexec_fail, sizeof(G.autoexec_fail), "Driver '%s'", expr);
}
Py_DECREF(expr_code);
expr_code = NULL;
PyTuple_SET_ITEM(((PyObject *)driver_orig->expr_comp), 0, NULL);
}
}
}
#endif /* USE_BYTECODE_WHITELIST */
#if 0 /* slow, with this can avoid all Py_CompileString above. */
/* execute expression to get a value */
retval = PyRun_String(expr, Py_eval_input, bpy_pydriver_Dict, driver_vars);
#else
/* evaluate the compiled expression */
if (expr_code) {
retval = PyEval_EvalCode((void *)expr_code, bpy_pydriver_Dict, driver_vars);
}
#endif
/* decref the driver vars first. */
Py_DECREF(driver_vars);
/* process the result */
if (retval == NULL) {
pydriver_error(driver);
}
else if ((result = PyFloat_AsDouble(retval)) == -1.0 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
pydriver_error(driver);
Py_DECREF(retval);
result = 0.0;
}
else {
/* all fine, make sure the "invalid expression" flag is cleared */
driver->flag &= ~DRIVER_FLAG_INVALID;
Py_DECREF(retval);
}
if (use_gil) {
PyGILState_Release(gilstate);
}
if (isfinite(result)) {
return (float)result;
}
fprintf(
stderr, "\tBPY_driver_eval() - driver '%s' evaluates to '%f'\n", driver->expression, result);
return 0.0f;
}
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