diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
34 files changed, 988 insertions, 93 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/.gitattributes b/Documentation/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ddb030137d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +*.txt whitespace diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d4e44b8b09 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +GIT v1.5.4.1 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.5.4 +------------------ + + * "git-commit -C $tag" used to work but rewrite in C done in + 1.5.4 broke it. + + * An entry in the .gitattributes file that names a pattern in a + subdirectory of the directory it is in did not match + correctly (e.g. pattern "b/*.c" in "a/.gitattributes" should + match "a/b/foo.c" but it didn't). + + * Customized color specification was parsed incorrectly when + numeric color values are used. This was fixed in 1.5.4.1. + diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..21d0df59fb --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +GIT v1.5.4.2 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.5.4 +------------------ + + * The configuration parser was not prepared to see string + valued variables misspelled as boolean and segfaulted. + + * Temporary files left behind due to interrupted object + transfers were not cleaned up with "git prune". + + * "git config --unset" was confused when the unset variables + were spelled with continuation lines in the config file. + + * The merge message detection in "git cvsimport" did not catch + a message that began with "Merge...". + + * "git status" suggests "git rm --cached" for unstaging the + earlier "git add" before the initial commit. + + * "git status" output was incorrect during a partial commit. + + * "git bisect" refused to start when the HEAD was detached. + + * "git bisect" allowed a wildcard character in the commit + message expanded while writing its log file. + + * Manual pages were not formatted correctly with docbook xsl + 1.72; added a workaround. + + * "git-commit -C $tag" used to work but rewrite in C done in + 1.5.4 broke it. This was fixed in 1.5.4.1. + + * An entry in the .gitattributes file that names a pattern in a + subdirectory of the directory it is in did not match + correctly (e.g. pattern "b/*.c" in "a/.gitattributes" should + match "a/b/foo.c" but it didn't). This was fixed in 1.5.4.1. + + * Customized color specification was parsed incorrectly when + numeric color values are used. This was fixed in 1.5.4.1. + + * http transport misbehaved when linked with curl-gnutls. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..b0fc67fb2a --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +GIT v1.5.4.3 Release Notes +========================== + +Fixes since v1.5.4.2 +-------------------- + + * RPM spec used to pull in everything with 'git'. This has been + changed so that 'git' package contains just the core parts, + and we now supply 'git-all' metapackage to slurp in everything. + This should match end user's expectation better. + + * When some refs failed to update, git-push reported "failure" + which was unclear if some other refs were updated or all of + them failed atomically (the answer is the former). Reworded + the message to clarify this. + + * "git clone" from a repository whose HEAD was misconfigured + did not set up the remote properly. Now it tries to do + better. + + * Updated git-push documentation to clarify what "matching" + means, in order to reduce user confusion. + + * Updated git-add documentation to clarify "add -u" operates in + the current subdirectory you are in, just like other commands. + + * git-gui updates to work on OSX and Windows better. diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..c8b4f72c23 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/RelNotes-1.5.5.txt @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +GIT v1.5.5 Release Notes +======================== + +Updates since v1.5.4 +-------------------- + +(performance) + + * On platforms with suboptimal qsort(3) implementation, there + is an option to use more reasonable substitute we ship with + our software. + + * New configuration variable "pack.packsizelimit" can be used + in place of command line option --max-pack-size. + + * "git fetch" over the native git protocol used to make a + connection to find out the set of current remote refs and + another to actually download the pack data. We now use only + one connection for these tasks. + + * "git commit" does not run lstat(2) more than necessary + anymore. + +(usability, bells and whistles) + + * You can be warned when core.autocrlf conversion is applied in + such a way that results in an irreversible conversion. + + * A pattern "foo/" in .gitignore file now matches a directory + "foo". Pattern "foo" also matches as before. + + * "git describe" learned to limit the tags to be used for + naming with --match option. + + * "git describe --contains" now barfs when the named commit + cannot be described. + + * bash completion's prompt helper function can talk about + operation in-progress (e.g. merge, rebase, etc.). + + * "git commit" learned a new hook "prepare-commit-msg" that can + inspect what is going to be committed and prepare the commit + log message template to be edited. + + * "git gui" learned an auto-spell checking. + + * "git send-email" learned to prompt for passwords + interactively. + + * "git send-email" learned an easier way to suppress CC + recipients. + + * Various "git cvsimport", "git cvsexportcommit", "git svn" and + "git p4" improvements. + +(internal) + + * Duplicated code between git-help and git-instaweb that + launches user's preferred browser has been refactored. + + * It is now easier to write test scripts that records known + breakages. + + +Fixes since v1.5.4 +------------------ + +All of the fixes in v1.5.4 maintenance series are included in +this release, unless otherwise noted. + + +--- +exec >/var/tmp/1 +O=v1.5.4 +O=v1.5.4.2-122-g7cb97da +echo O=`git describe refs/heads/master` +git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/master ^refs/heads/maint + diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches index de08d094e3..0e155c936c 100644 --- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches +++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches @@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ Checklist (and a short version for the impatient): - if your name is not writable in ASCII, make sure that you send off a message in the correct encoding. - send the patch to the list (git@vger.kernel.org) and the - maintainer (gitster@pobox.com). If you use - git-send-email(1), please test it first by sending - email to yourself. + maintainer (gitster@pobox.com) if (and only if) the patch + is ready for inclusion. If you use git-send-email(1), + please test it first by sending email to yourself. Long version: @@ -112,7 +112,12 @@ lose tabs that way if you are not careful. It is a common convention to prefix your subject line with [PATCH]. This lets people easily distinguish patches from other -e-mail discussions. +e-mail discussions. Use of additional markers after PATCH and +the closing bracket to mark the nature of the patch is also +encouraged. E.g. [PATCH/RFC] is often used when the patch is +not ready to be applied but it is for discussion, [PATCH v2], +[PATCH v3] etc. are often seen when you are sending an update to +what you have previously sent. "git format-patch" command follows the best current practice to format the body of an e-mail message. At the beginning of the @@ -157,7 +162,8 @@ Note that your maintainer does not necessarily read everything on the git mailing list. If your patch is for discussion first, send it "To:" the mailing list, and optionally "cc:" him. If it is trivially correct or after the list reached a consensus, send -it "To:" the maintainer and optionally "cc:" the list. +it "To:" the maintainer and optionally "cc:" the list for +inclusion. Also note that your maintainer does not actively involve himself in maintaining what are in contrib/ hierarchy. When you send fixes and @@ -210,10 +216,53 @@ then you just add a line saying This line can be automatically added by git if you run the git-commit command with the -s option. -Some people also put extra tags at the end. They'll just be ignored for -now, but you can do this to mark internal company procedures or just -point out some special detail about the sign-off. +Notice that you can place your own Signed-off-by: line when +forwarding somebody else's patch with the above rules for +D-C-O. Indeed you are encouraged to do so. Do not forget to +place an in-body "From: " line at the beginning to properly attribute +the change to its true author (see (2) above). +Some people also put extra tags at the end. + +"Acked-by:" says that the patch was reviewed by the person who +is more familiar with the issues and the area the patch attempts +to modify. "Tested-by:" says the patch was tested by the person +and found to have the desired effect. + +------------------------------------------------ +An ideal patch flow + +Here is an ideal patch flow for this project the current maintainer +suggests to the contributors: + + (0) You come up with an itch. You code it up. + + (1) Send it to the list and cc people who may need to know about + the change. + + The people who may need to know are the ones whose code you + are butchering. These people happen to be the ones who are + most likely to be knowledgeable enough to help you, but + they have no obligation to help you (i.e. you ask for help, + don't demand). "git log -p -- $area_you_are_modifying" would + help you find out who they are. + + (2) You get comments and suggestions for improvements. You may + even get them in a "on top of your change" patch form. + + (3) Polish, refine, and re-send to the list and the people who + spend their time to improve your patch. Go back to step (2). + + (4) The list forms consensus that the last round of your patch is + good. Send it to the list and cc the maintainer. + + (5) A topic branch is created with the patch and is merged to 'next', + and cooked further and eventually graduates to 'master'. + +In any time between the (2)-(3) cycle, the maintainer may pick it up +from the list and queue it to 'pu', in order to make it easier for +people play with it without having to pick up and apply the patch to +their trees themselves. ------------------------------------------------ MUA specific hints diff --git a/Documentation/blame-options.txt b/Documentation/blame-options.txt index ea1007bfb0..c11bb7d36c 100644 --- a/Documentation/blame-options.txt +++ b/Documentation/blame-options.txt @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ of lines before or after the line given by <start>. When <rev> is not specified, the command annotates the changes starting backwards from the working tree copy. This flag makes the command pretend as if the working - tree copy has the contents of he named file (specify + tree copy has the contents of the named file (specify `-` to make the command read from the standard input). -M|<num>|:: diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt index 44cb640fb8..fb6dae0cc2 100644 --- a/Documentation/config.txt +++ b/Documentation/config.txt @@ -139,6 +139,51 @@ core.autocrlf:: "text" (i.e. be subjected to the autocrlf mechanism) is decided purely based on the contents. +core.safecrlf:: + If true, makes git check if converting `CRLF` as controlled by + `core.autocrlf` is reversible. Git will verify if a command + modifies a file in the work tree either directly or indirectly. + For example, committing a file followed by checking out the + same file should yield the original file in the work tree. If + this is not the case for the current setting of + `core.autocrlf`, git will reject the file. The variable can + be set to "warn", in which case git will only warn about an + irreversible conversion but continue the operation. ++ +CRLF conversion bears a slight chance of corrupting data. +autocrlf=true will convert CRLF to LF during commit and LF to +CRLF during checkout. A file that contains a mixture of LF and +CRLF before the commit cannot be recreated by git. For text +files this is the right thing to do: it corrects line endings +such that we have only LF line endings in the repository. +But for binary files that are accidentally classified as text the +conversion can corrupt data. ++ +If you recognize such corruption early you can easily fix it by +setting the conversion type explicitly in .gitattributes. Right +after committing you still have the original file in your work +tree and this file is not yet corrupted. You can explicitly tell +git that this file is binary and git will handle the file +appropriately. ++ +Unfortunately, the desired effect of cleaning up text files with +mixed line endings and the undesired effect of corrupting binary +files cannot be distinguished. In both cases CRLFs are removed +in an irreversible way. For text files this is the right thing +to do because CRLFs are line endings, while for binary files +converting CRLFs corrupts data. ++ +Note, this safety check does not mean that a checkout will generate a +file identical to the original file for a different setting of +`core.autocrlf`, but only for the current one. For example, a text +file with `LF` would be accepted with `core.autocrlf=input` and could +later be checked out with `core.autocrlf=true`, in which case the +resulting file would contain `CRLF`, although the original file +contained `LF`. However, in both work trees the line endings would be +consistent, that is either all `LF` or all `CRLF`, but never mixed. A +file with mixed line endings would be reported by the `core.safecrlf` +mechanism. + core.symlinks:: If false, symbolic links are checked out as small plain files that contain the link text. linkgit:git-update-index[1] and @@ -337,7 +382,7 @@ branch.autosetupmerge:: so that linkgit:git-pull[1] will appropriately merge from that remote branch. Note that even if this option is not set, this behavior can be chosen per-branch using the `--track` - and `--no-track` options. This option defaults to false. + and `--no-track` options. This option defaults to true. branch.<name>.remote:: When in branch <name>, it tells `git fetch` which remote to fetch. @@ -448,6 +493,13 @@ color.status.<slot>:: commit.template:: Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages. +color.ui:: + When set to `always`, always use colors in all git commands which + are capable of colored output. When false (or `never`), never. When + set to `true` or `auto`, use colors only when the output is to the + terminal. When more specific variables of color.* are set, they always + take precedence over this setting. Defaults to false. + diff.autorefreshindex:: When using `git diff` to compare with work tree files, do not consider stat-only change as changed. @@ -770,6 +822,12 @@ pack.indexVersion:: whenever the corresponding pack is larger than 2 GB. Otherwise the default is 1. +pack.packSizeLimit: + The default maximum size of a pack. This setting only affects + packing to a file, i.e. the git:// protocol is unaffected. It + can be overridden by the `\--max-pack-size` option of + linkgit:git-repack[1]. + pull.octopus:: The default merge strategy to use when pulling multiple branches at once. diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt index 9d2ac865d2..47799097ce 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-add.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt @@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ OPTIONS Update only files that git already knows about. This is similar to what "git commit -a" does in preparation for making a commit, except that the update is limited to paths specified on the - command line. If no paths are specified, all tracked files are - updated. + command line. If no paths are specified, all tracked files in the + current directory and its subdirectories are updated. \--refresh:: Don't add the file(s), but only refresh their stat() diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt index f920c04cc0..7e8874acaa 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the new branch. -When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git can setup the +When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git sets up the branch so that linkgit:git-pull[1] will appropriately merge from that -remote branch. If this behavior is desired, it is possible to make it -the default using the global `branch.autosetupmerge` configuration -flag. Otherwise, it can be chosen per-branch using the `--track` +remote branch. If this behavior is not desired, it is possible to +disable it using the global `branch.autosetupmerge` configuration +flag. That setting can be overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options. With a '-m' or '-M' option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>. @@ -108,10 +108,11 @@ OPTIONS Set up configuration so that git-pull will automatically retrieve data from the remote branch. Use this if you always pull from the same remote branch into the new branch, or if you - don't want to use "git pull <repository> <refspec>" explicitly. Set the - branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to true if you + don't want to use "git pull <repository> <refspec>" explicitly. + This behavior is the default. Set the + branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to false if you want git-checkout and git-branch to always behave as if - '--track' were given. + '--no-track' were given. --no-track:: When a branch is created off a remote branch, diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt index 584359ff3f..b4cfa044bb 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt @@ -52,10 +52,11 @@ OPTIONS set up configuration so that git-pull will automatically retrieve data from the remote branch. Use this if you always pull from the same remote branch into the new branch, or if you - don't want to use "git pull <repository> <refspec>" explicitly. Set the - branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to true if you + don't want to use "git pull <repository> <refspec>" explicitly. + This behavior is the default. Set the + branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to false if you want git-checkout and git-branch to always behave as if - '--track' were given. + '--no-track' were given. --no-track:: When -b is given and a branch is created off a remote branch, diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt index 2341881614..975824301a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt @@ -62,12 +62,13 @@ OPTIONS .git/objects/info/alternates to share the objects with the source repository. The resulting repository starts out without any object of its own. - *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use - it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your - repository using this option, then delete branches in the - source repository and then run linkgit:git-gc[1] using the - '--prune' option in the source repository, it may remove - objects which are referenced by the cloned repository. ++ +*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use +it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your +repository using this option, then delete branches in the +source repository and then run linkgit:git-gc[1] using the +'--prune' option in the source repository, it may remove +objects which are referenced by the cloned repository. diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt index c3725b2ed9..b4ae61ff46 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt @@ -280,8 +280,8 @@ order). HOOKS ----- -This command can run `commit-msg`, `pre-commit`, and -`post-commit` hooks. See link:hooks.html[hooks] for more +This command can run `commit-msg`, `prepare-commit-msg`, `pre-commit`, +and `post-commit` hooks. See link:hooks.html[hooks] for more information. diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt index dbce503694..6f91b9ea2a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt @@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ If you need to pass multiple options, separate them with a comma. -M <regex>:: Attempt to detect merges based on the commit message with a custom - regex. It can be used with '-m' to also see the default regexes. - You must escape forward slashes. + regex. It can be used with '-m' to enable the default regexes + as well. You must escape forward slashes. -S <regex>:: Skip paths matching the regex. diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt index 0742152b81..1c3dfb40c6 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt @@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ OPTIONS being employed to standard error. The tag name will still be printed to standard out. +--match <pattern>:: + Only consider tags matching the given pattern (can be used to avoid + leaking private tags made from the repository). + EXAMPLES -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt index bd625ababf..96f6767075 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt @@ -805,6 +805,93 @@ Placing a `progress` command immediately after a `checkpoint` will inform the reader when the `checkpoint` has been completed and it can safely access the refs that fast-import updated. +Crash Reports +------------- +If fast-import is supplied invalid input it will terminate with a +non-zero exit status and create a crash report in the top level of +the Git repository it was importing into. Crash reports contain +a snapshot of the internal fast-import state as well as the most +recent commands that lead up to the crash. + +All recent commands (including stream comments, file changes and +progress commands) are shown in the command history within the crash +report, but raw file data and commit messages are excluded from the +crash report. This exclusion saves space within the report file +and reduces the amount of buffering that fast-import must perform +during execution. + +After writing a crash report fast-import will close the current +packfile and export the marks table. This allows the frontend +developer to inspect the repository state and resume the import from +the point where it crashed. The modified branches and tags are not +updated during a crash, as the import did not complete successfully. +Branch and tag information can be found in the crash report and +must be applied manually if the update is needed. + +An example crash: + +==== + $ cat >in <<END_OF_INPUT + # my very first test commit + commit refs/heads/master + committer Shawn O. Pearce <spearce> 19283 -0400 + # who is that guy anyway? + data <<EOF + this is my commit + EOF + M 644 inline .gitignore + data <<EOF + .gitignore + EOF + M 777 inline bob + END_OF_INPUT + + $ git-fast-import <in + fatal: Corrupt mode: M 777 inline bob + fast-import: dumping crash report to .git/fast_import_crash_8434 + + $ cat .git/fast_import_crash_8434 + fast-import crash report: + fast-import process: 8434 + parent process : 1391 + at Sat Sep 1 00:58:12 2007 + + fatal: Corrupt mode: M 777 inline bob + + Most Recent Commands Before Crash + --------------------------------- + # my very first test commit + commit refs/heads/master + committer Shawn O. Pearce <spearce> 19283 -0400 + # who is that guy anyway? + data <<EOF + M 644 inline .gitignore + data <<EOF + * M 777 inline bob + + Active Branch LRU + ----------------- + active_branches = 1 cur, 5 max + + pos clock name + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + 1) 0 refs/heads/master + + Inactive Branches + ----------------- + refs/heads/master: + status : active loaded dirty + tip commit : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 + old tree : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 + cur tree : 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 + commit clock: 0 + last pack : + + + ------------------- + END OF CRASH REPORT +==== + Tips and Tricks --------------- The following tips and tricks have been collected from various diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt index f3cb24f252..71a73354f8 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt @@ -75,9 +75,11 @@ OPTIONS -n:: Prefix the line number to matching lines. --l | --files-with-matches | -L | --files-without-match:: +-l | --files-with-matches | --name-only | -L | --files-without-match:: Instead of showing every matched line, show only the names of files that contain (or do not contain) matches. + For better compatability with git-diff, --name-only is a + synonym for --files-with-matches. -c | --count:: Instead of showing every matched line, show the number of diff --git a/Documentation/git-help.txt b/Documentation/git-help.txt index fb77ca3a57..0926dc12ba 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-help.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-help.txt @@ -47,27 +47,9 @@ OPTIONS + The web browser can be specified using the configuration variable 'help.browser', or 'web.browser' if the former is not set. If none of -these config variables is set, the 'git-help--browse' helper script -(called by 'git-help') will pick a suitable default. -+ -You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred browser by -setting the configuration variable 'browser.<tool>.path'. For example, -you can configure the absolute path to firefox by setting -'browser.firefox.path'. Otherwise, 'git-help--browse' assumes the tool -is available in PATH. -+ -Note that the script tries, as much as possible, to display the HTML -page in a new tab on an already opened browser. -+ -The following browsers are currently supported by 'git-help--browse': -+ -* firefox (this is the default under X Window when not using KDE) -* iceweasel -* konqueror (this is the default under KDE) -* w3m (this is the default outside X Window) -* links -* lynx -* dillo +these config variables is set, the 'git-web--browse' helper script +(called by 'git-help') will pick a suitable default. See +linkgit:git-web--browse[1] for more information about this. CONFIGURATION VARIABLES ----------------------- @@ -84,7 +66,7 @@ line option: The 'help.browser', 'web.browser' and 'browser.<tool>.path' will also be checked if the 'web' format is chosen (either by command line option or configuration variable). See '-w|--web' in the OPTIONS -section above. +section above and linkgit:git-web--browse[1]. Note that these configuration variables should probably be set using the '--global' flag, for example like this: diff --git a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt index 841e8fac7f..51f1532ef7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-instaweb.txt @@ -38,10 +38,11 @@ OPTIONS The port number to bind the httpd to. (Default: 1234) -b|--browser:: - - The web browser command-line to execute to view the gitweb page. - If blank, the URL of the gitweb instance will be printed to - stdout. (Default: 'firefox') + The web browser that should be used to view the gitweb + page. This will be passed to the 'git-web--browse' helper + script along with the URL of the gitweb instance. See + linkgit:git-web--browse[1] for more information about this. If + the script fails, the URL will be printed to stdout. --start:: Start the httpd instance and exit. This does not generate @@ -72,7 +73,8 @@ You may specify configuration in your .git/config ----------------------------------------------------------------------- If the configuration variable 'instaweb.browser' is not set, -'web.browser' will be used instead if it is defined. +'web.browser' will be used instead if it is defined. See +linkgit:git-web--browse[1] for more information about this. Author ------ diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt index 5d816d0d8b..19ee017aed 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-merge-index.txt @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ git-merge-index - Run a merge for files needing merging SYNOPSIS -------- -'git-merge-index' [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | \-- | <file>\*) +'git-merge-index' [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] <file>\*) DESCRIPTION ----------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt index 74cc7c1cb8..8353be186f 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pack-objects.txt @@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ base-name:: --max-pack-size=<n>:: Maximum size of each output packfile, expressed in MiB. If specified, multiple packfiles may be created. - The default is unlimited. + The default is unlimited, unless the config variable + `pack.packSizeLimit` is set. --incremental:: This flag causes an object already in a pack ignored diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt index 4cc633a5ec..737894390d 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ DESCRIPTION ----------- Runs `git-fetch` with the given parameters, and calls `git-merge` to merge the retrieved head(s) into the current branch. +With `--rebase`, calls `git-rebase` instead of `git-merge`. Note that you can use `.` (current directory) as the <repository> to pull from the local repository -- this is useful @@ -26,28 +27,31 @@ OPTIONS include::merge-options.txt[] :git-pull: 1 -include::fetch-options.txt[] - -include::pull-fetch-param.txt[] - -include::urls-remotes.txt[] - -include::merge-strategies.txt[] \--rebase:: Instead of a merge, perform a rebase after fetching. If there is a remote ref for the upstream branch, and this branch was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information - to avoid rebasing non-local changes. - - *NOTE:* This is a potentially _dangerous_ mode of operation. - It rewrites history, which does not bode well when you - published that history already. Do *not* use this option - unless you have read linkgit:git-rebase[1] carefully. + to avoid rebasing non-local changes. To make this the default + for branch `<name>`, set configuration `branch.<name>.rebase` + to `true`. ++ +*NOTE:* This is a potentially _dangerous_ mode of operation. +It rewrites history, which does not bode well when you +published that history already. Do *not* use this option +unless you have read linkgit:git-rebase[1] carefully. \--no-rebase:: Override earlier \--rebase. +include::fetch-options.txt[] + +include::pull-fetch-param.txt[] + +include::urls-remotes.txt[] + +include::merge-strategies.txt[] + DEFAULT BEHAVIOUR ----------------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt index 5f2494495b..3128170bcd 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-push.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt @@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ even if it does not result in a fast forward update. + Note: If no explicit refspec is found, (that is neither on the command line nor in any Push line of the -corresponding remotes file---see below), then all the -heads that exist both on the local side and on the remote -side are updated. +corresponding remotes file---see below), then "matching" heads are +pushed: for every head that exists on the local side, the remote side is +updated if a head of the same name already exists on the remote side. + `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`. + @@ -108,6 +108,55 @@ the remote repository. include::urls-remotes.txt[] +OUTPUT +------ + +The output of "git push" depends on the transport method used; this +section describes the output when pushing over the git protocol (either +locally or via ssh). + +The status of the push is output in tabular form, with each line +representing the status of a single ref. Each line is of the form: + +------------------------------- + <flag> <summary> <from> -> <to> (<reason>) +------------------------------- + +flag:: + A single character indicating the status of the ref. This is + blank for a successfully pushed ref, `!` for a ref that was + rejected or failed to push, and '=' for a ref that was up to + date and did not need pushing (note that the status of up to + date refs is shown only when `git push` is running verbosely). + +summary:: + For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new + values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to + `git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and + `<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast forward updates). For a + failed update, more details are given for the failure. + The string `rejected` indicates that git did not try to send the + ref at all (typically because it is not a fast forward). The + string `remote rejected` indicates that the remote end refused + the update; this rejection is typically caused by a hook on the + remote side. The string `remote failure` indicates that the + remote end did not report the successful update of the ref + (perhaps because of a temporary error on the remote side, a + break in the network connection, or other transient error). + +from:: + The name of the local ref being pushed, minus its + `refs/<type>/` prefix. In the case of deletion, the + name of the local ref is omitted. + +to:: + The name of the remote ref being updated, minus its + `refs/<type>/` prefix. + +reason:: + A human-readable explanation. In the case of successfully pushed + refs, no explanation is needed. For a failed ref, the reason for + failure is described. Examples -------- diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt index a4e0a779de..fac59c9726 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ git-reset - Reset current HEAD to the specified state SYNOPSIS -------- [verse] -'git-reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [-q] [<commit>] -'git-reset' [--mixed] [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>... +'git reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [-q] [<commit>] +'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>... DESCRIPTION ----------- @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ OPTIONS --soft:: Does not touch the index file nor the working tree at all, but requires them to be in a good order. This leaves all your changed - files "Added but not yet committed", as linkgit:git-status[1] would + files "Changes to be committed", as linkgit:git-status[1] would put it. --hard:: @@ -176,6 +176,23 @@ $ git reset <3> committed as 'snapshot WIP'. This updates the index to show your WIP files as uncommitted. +Reset a single file in the index:: ++ +Suppose you have added a file to your index, but later decide you do not +want to add it to your commit. You can remove the file from the index +while keeping your changes with git reset. ++ +------------ +$ git reset -- frotz.c <1> +$ git commit -m "Commit files in index" <2> +$ git add frotz.c <3> +------------ ++ +<1> This removes the file from the index while keeping it in the working + directory. +<2> This commits all other changes in the index. +<3> Adds the file to the index again. + Author ------ Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt index 0554f2b374..336d797e80 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt @@ -96,11 +96,40 @@ The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list. servers typically listen to smtp port 25 and ssmtp port 465). ---smtp-user, --smtp-pass:: - Username and password for SMTP-AUTH. Defaults are the values of - the configuration values 'sendemail.smtpuser' and - 'sendemail.smtppass', but see also 'sendemail.identity'. - If not set, authentication is not attempted. +--smtp-user:: + Username for SMTP-AUTH. In place of this option, the following + configuration variables can be specified: ++ +-- + * sendemail.smtpuser + * sendemail.<identity>.smtpuser (see sendemail.identity). +-- ++ +However, --smtp-user always overrides these variables. ++ +If a username is not specified (with --smtp-user or a +configuration variable), then authentication is not attempted. + +--smtp-pass:: + Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no + argument is specified, then the empty string is used as + the password. ++ +In place of this option, the following configuration variables +can be specified: ++ +-- + * sendemail.smtppass + * sendemail.<identity>.smtppass (see sendemail.identity). +-- ++ +However, --smtp-pass always overrides these variables. ++ +Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files +or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with +--smtp-user or a configuration variable), but no password has been +specified (with --smtp-pass or a configuration variable), then the +user is prompted for a password while the input is masked for privacy. --smtp-ssl:: If set, connects to the SMTP server using SSL. @@ -117,6 +146,17 @@ The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list. Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppressfrom' configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from. +--suppress-cc:: + Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the + auto-cc of. 'self' will avoid including the sender, 'author' will + avoid including the patch author, 'cc' will avoid including anyone + mentioned in Cc lines in the patch, 'sob' will avoid including + anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines, and 'cccmd' will avoid + running the --cc-cmd. 'all' will suppress all auto cc values. + Default is the value of 'sendemail.suppresscc' configuration value; + if that is unspecified, default to 'self' if --suppress-from is + specified, as well as 'sob' if --no-signed-off-cc is specified. + --thread, --no-thread:: If this is set, the In-Reply-To header will be set on each email sent. If disabled with "--no-thread", no emails will have the In-Reply-To diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt index cd0dc1bd9d..48e6f5a3f7 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ save [<message>]:: subcommand is given. The <message> part is optional and gives the description along with the stashed state. -list:: +list [<options>]:: List the stashes that you currently have. Each 'stash' is listed with its name (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@\{1}` is @@ -55,6 +55,9 @@ list:: stash@{0}: WIP on submit: 6ebd0e2... Update git-stash documentation stash@{1}: On master: 9cc0589... Add git-stash ---------------------------------------------------------------- ++ +The command takes options applicable to the linkgit:git-log[1] +command to control what is shown and how. show [<stash>]:: diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt index b1d527f74c..340f1be02a 100644 --- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt +++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt @@ -161,6 +161,13 @@ New features: + Any other arguments are passed directly to `git log' +'blame':: + Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file. This is + identical to `git blame', but SVN revision numbers are shown instead of git + commit hashes. ++ +All arguments are passed directly to `git blame'. + -- 'find-rev':: When given an SVN revision number of the form 'rN', returns the diff --git a/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..df57d010e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/git-web--browse.txt @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +git-web--browse(1) +================== + +NAME +---- +git-web--browse - git helper script to launch a web browser + +SYNOPSIS +-------- +'git-web--browse' [OPTIONS] URL/FILE ... + +DESCRIPTION +----------- + +This script tries, as much as possible, to display the URLs and FILEs +that are passed as arguments, as HTML pages in new tabs on an already +opened web browser. + +The following browsers (or commands) are currently supported: + +* firefox (this is the default under X Window when not using KDE) +* iceweasel +* konqueror (this is the default under KDE) +* w3m (this is the default outside graphical environments) +* links +* lynx +* dillo +* open (this is the default under Mac OS X GUI) + +OPTIONS +------- +-b BROWSER|--browser=BROWSER:: + Use the specified BROWSER. It must be in the list of supported + browsers. + +-t BROWSER|--tool=BROWSER:: + Same as above. + +-c CONF.VAR|--config=CONF.VAR:: + CONF.VAR is looked up in the git config files. If it's set, + then its value specify the browser that should be used. + +CONFIGURATION VARIABLES +----------------------- + +The web browser can be specified using a configuration variable passed +with the -c (or --config) command line option, or the 'web.browser' +configuration variable if the former is not used. + +You can explicitly provide a full path to your preferred browser by +setting the configuration variable 'browser.<tool>.path'. For example, +you can configure the absolute path to firefox by setting +'browser.firefox.path'. Otherwise, 'git-web--browse' assumes the tool +is available in PATH. + +Note that these configuration variables should probably be set using +the '--global' flag, for example like this: + +------------------------------------------------ +$ git config --global web.browser firefox +------------------------------------------------ + +as they are probably more user specific than repository specific. +See linkgit:git-config[1] for more information about this. + +Author +------ +Written by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the git-list +<git@vger.kernel.org>, based on git-mergetool by Theodore Y. Ts'o. + +Documentation +------------- +Documentation by Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> and the +git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>. + +GIT +--- +Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt index 17aee93ec5..741ae0e4c8 100644 --- a/Documentation/git.txt +++ b/Documentation/git.txt @@ -43,9 +43,12 @@ unreleased) version of git, that is available from 'master' branch of the `git.git` repository. Documentation for older releases are available here: -* link:v1.5.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4] +* link:v1.5.4.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.4.3] * release notes for + link:RelNotes-1.5.4.3.txt[1.5.4.3], + link:RelNotes-1.5.4.2.txt[1.5.4.2], + link:RelNotes-1.5.4.1.txt[1.5.4.1], link:RelNotes-1.5.4.txt[1.5.4]. * link:v1.5.3.8/git.html[documentation for release 1.5.3.8] diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt index 35a29fd60c..84ec9623a2 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt @@ -133,6 +133,26 @@ When `core.autocrlf` is set to "input", line endings are converted to LF upon checkin, but there is no conversion done upon checkout. +If `core.safecrlf` is set to "true" or "warn", git verifies if +the conversion is reversible for the current setting of +`core.autocrlf`. For "true", git rejects irreversible +conversions; for "warn", git only prints a warning but accepts +an irreversible conversion. The safety triggers to prevent such +a conversion done to the files in the work tree, but there are a +few exceptions. Even though... + +- "git add" itself does not touch the files in the work tree, the + next checkout would, so the safety triggers; + +- "git apply" to update a text file with a patch does touch the files + in the work tree, but the operation is about text files and CRLF + conversion is about fixing the line ending inconsistencies, so the + safety does not trigger; + +- "git diff" itself does not touch the files in the work tree, it is + often run to inspect the changes you intend to next "git add". To + catch potential problems early, safety triggers. + `ident` ^^^^^^^ diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt index 08373f52bb..e847b3ba63 100644 --- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt +++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt @@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ Patterns have the following format: included again. If a negated pattern matches, this will override lower precedence patterns sources. + - If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the + purpose of the following description, but it would only find + a match with a directory. In other words, `foo/` will match a + directory `foo` and paths underneath it, but will not match a + regular file or a symbolic link `foo` (this is consistent + with the way how pathspec works in general in git). + - If the pattern does not contain a slash '/', git treats it as a shell glob pattern and checks for a match against the pathname without leading directories. diff --git a/Documentation/hooks.txt b/Documentation/hooks.txt index f110162b01..76b8d77460 100644 --- a/Documentation/hooks.txt +++ b/Documentation/hooks.txt @@ -61,6 +61,35 @@ The default 'pre-commit' hook, when enabled, catches introduction of lines with trailing whitespaces and aborts the commit when such a line is found. +All the `git-commit` hooks are invoked with the environment +variable `GIT_EDITOR=:` if the command will not bring up an editor +to modify the commit message. + +prepare-commit-msg +------------------ + +This hook is invoked by `git-commit` right after preparing the +default log message, and before the editor is started. + +It takes one to three parameters. The first is the name of the file +that the commit log message. The second is the source of the commit +message, and can be: `message` (if a `\-m` or `\-F` option was +given); `template` (if a `\-t` option was given or the +configuration option `commit.template` is set); `merge` (if the +commit is a merge or a `.git/MERGE_MSG` file exists); `squash` +(if a `.git/SQUASH_MSG` file exists); or `commit`, followed by +a commit SHA1 (if a `\-c`, `\-C` or `\--amend` option was given). + +If the exit status is non-zero, `git-commit` will abort. + +The purpose of the hook is to edit the message file in place, and +it is not suppressed by the `\--no-verify` option. A non-zero exit +means a failure of the hook and aborts the commit. It should not +be used as replacement for pre-commit hook. + +The sample `prepare-commit-msg` hook that comes with git comments +out the `Conflicts:` part of a merge's commit message. + commit-msg ---------- diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..073b22bd83 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-remote.txt @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +Remotes configuration API +========================= + +The API in remote.h gives access to the configuration related to +remotes. It handles all three configuration mechanisms historically +and currently used by git, and presents the information in a uniform +fashion. Note that the code also handles plain URLs without any +configuration, giving them just the default information. + +struct remote +------------- + +`name`:: + + The user's nickname for the remote + +`url`:: + + An array of all of the url_nr URLs configured for the remote + +`push`:: + + An array of refspecs configured for pushing, with + push_refspec being the literal strings, and push_refspec_nr + being the quantity. + +`fetch`:: + + An array of refspecs configured for fetching, with + fetch_refspec being the literal strings, and fetch_refspec_nr + being the quantity. + +`fetch_tags`:: + + The setting for whether to fetch tags (as a separate rule from + the configured refspecs); -1 means never to fetch tags, 0 + means to auto-follow tags based on the default heuristic, 1 + means to always auto-follow tags, and 2 means to fetch all + tags. + +`receivepack`, `uploadpack`:: + + The configured helper programs to run on the remote side, for + git-native protocols. + +`http_proxy`:: + + The proxy to use for curl (http, https, ftp, etc.) URLs. + +struct remotes can be found by name with remote_get(), and iterated +through with for_each_remote(). remote_get(NULL) will return the +default remote, given the current branch and configuration. + +struct refspec +-------------- + +A struct refspec holds the parsed interpretation of a refspec. If it +will force updates (starts with a '+'), force is true. If it is a +pattern (sides end with '*') pattern is true. src and dest are the two +sides (if a pattern, only the part outside of the wildcards); if there +is only one side, it is src, and dst is NULL; if sides exist but are +empty (i.e., the refspec either starts or ends with ':'), the +corresponding side is "". + +This parsing can be done to an array of strings to give an array of +struct refpsecs with parse_ref_spec(). + +remote_find_tracking(), given a remote and a struct refspec with +either src or dst filled out, will fill out the other such that the +result is in the "fetch" specification for the remote (note that this +evaluates patterns and returns a single result). + +struct branch +------------- + +Note that this may end up moving to branch.h + +struct branch holds the configuration for a branch. It can be looked +up with branch_get(name) for "refs/heads/{name}", or with +branch_get(NULL) for HEAD. + +It contains: + +`name`:: + + The short name of the branch. + +`refname`:: + + The full path for the branch ref. + +`remote_name`:: + + The name of the remote listed in the configuration. + +`remote`:: + + The struct remote for that remote. + +`merge_name`:: + + An array of the "merge" lines in the configuration. + +`merge`:: + + An array of the struct refspecs used for the merge lines. That + is, merge[i]->dst is a local tracking ref which should be + merged into this branch by default. + +`merge_nr`:: + + The number of merge configurations + +branch_has_merge_config() returns true if the given branch has merge +configuration given. + +Other stuff +----------- + +There is other stuff in remote.h that is related, in general, to the +process of interacting with remotes. + +(Daniel Barkalow) diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt index 19d2f64f73..dfbf9ac5d0 100644 --- a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt +++ b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt @@ -1,10 +1,171 @@ run-command API =============== -Talk about <run-command.h>, and things like: +The run-command API offers a versatile tool to run sub-processes with +redirected input and output as well as with a modified environment +and an alternate current directory. -* Environment the command runs with (e.g. GIT_DIR); -* File descriptors and pipes; -* Exit status; +A similar API offers the capability to run a function asynchronously, +which is primarily used to capture the output that the function +produces in the caller in order to process it. -(Hannes, Dscho, Shawn) + +Functions +--------- + +`start_command`:: + + Start a sub-process. Takes a pointer to a `struct child_process` + that specifies the details and returns pipe FDs (if requested). + See below for details. + +`finish_command`:: + + Wait for the completion of a sub-process that was started with + start_command(). + +`run_command`:: + + A convenience function that encapsulates a sequence of + start_command() followed by finish_command(). Takes a pointer + to a `struct child_process` that specifies the details. + +`run_command_v_opt`, `run_command_v_opt_dir`, `run_command_v_opt_cd_env`:: + + Convenience functions that encapsulate a sequence of + start_command() followed by finish_command(). The argument argv + specifies the program and its arguments. The argument opt is zero + or more of the flags `RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN`, `RUN_GIT_CMD`, or + `RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR` that correspond to the members + .no_stdin, .git_cmd, .stdout_to_stderr of `struct child_process`. + The argument dir corresponds the member .dir. The argument env + corresponds to the member .env. + +`start_async`:: + + Run a function asynchronously. Takes a pointer to a `struct + async` that specifies the details and returns a pipe FD + from which the caller reads. See below for details. + +`finish_async`:: + + Wait for the completeion of an asynchronous function that was + started with start_async(). + + +Data structures +--------------- + +* `struct child_process` + +This describes the arguments, redirections, and environment of a +command to run in a sub-process. + +The caller: + +1. allocates and clears (memset(&chld, '0', sizeof(chld));) a + struct child_process variable; +2. initializes the members; +3. calls start_command(); +4. processes the data; +5. closes file descriptors (if necessary; see below); +6. calls finish_command(). + +The .argv member is set up as an array of string pointers (NULL +terminated), of which .argv[0] is the program name to run (usually +without a path). If the command to run is a git command, set argv[0] to +the command name without the 'git-' prefix and set .git_cmd = 1. + +The members .in, .out, .err are used to redirect stdin, stdout, +stderr as follows: + +. Specify 0 to request no special redirection. No new file descriptor + is allocated. The child process simply inherits the channel from the + parent. + +. Specify -1 to have a pipe allocated; start_command() replaces -1 + by the pipe FD in the following way: + + .in: Returns the writable pipe end into which the caller writes; + the readable end of the pipe becomes the child's stdin. + + .out, .err: Returns the readable pipe end from which the caller + reads; the writable end of the pipe end becomes child's + stdout/stderr. + + The caller of start_command() must close the so returned FDs + after it has completed reading from/writing to it! + +. Specify a file descriptor > 0 to be used by the child: + + .in: The FD must be readable; it becomes child's stdin. + .out: The FD must be writable; it becomes child's stdout. + .err > 0 is not supported. + + The specified FD is closed by start_command(), even if it fails to + run the sub-process! + +. Special forms of redirection are available by setting these members + to 1: + + .no_stdin, .no_stdout, .no_stderr: The respective channel is + redirected to /dev/null. + + .stdout_to_stderr: stdout of the child is redirected to the + parent's stderr (i.e. *not* to what .err or + .no_stderr specify). + +To modify the environment of the sub-process, specify an array of +string pointers (NULL terminated) in .env: + +. If the string is of the form "VAR=value", i.e. it contains '=' + the variable is added to the child process's environment. + +. If the string does not contain '=', it names an environement + variable that will be removed from the child process's envionment. + +To specify a new initial working directory for the sub-process, +specify it in the .dir member. + + +* `struct async` + +This describes a function to run asynchronously, whose purpose is +to produce output that the caller reads. + +The caller: + +1. allocates and clears (memset(&asy, '0', sizeof(asy));) a + struct async variable; +2. initializes .proc and .data; +3. calls start_async(); +4. processes the data by reading from the fd in .out; +5. closes .out; +6. calls finish_async(). + +The function pointer in .proc has the following signature: + + int proc(int fd, void *data); + +. fd specifies a writable file descriptor to which the function must + write the data that it produces. The function *must* close this + descriptor before it returns. + +. data is the value that the caller has specified in the .data member + of struct async. + +. The return value of the function is 0 on success and non-zero + on failure. If the function indicates failure, finish_async() will + report failure as well. + + +There are serious restrictions on what the asynchronous function can do +because this facility is implemented by a pipe to a forked process on +UNIX, but by a thread in the same address space on Windows: + +. It cannot change the program's state (global variables, environment, + etc.) in a way that the caller notices; in other words, .out is the + only communication channel to the caller. + +. It must not change the program's state that the caller of the + facility also uses. |