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2014-07-28add object_as_type helper for casting objectsJeff King
When we call lookup_commit, lookup_tree, etc, the logic goes something like: 1. Look for an existing object struct. If we don't have one, allocate and return a new one. 2. Double check that any object we have is the expected type (and complain and return NULL otherwise). 3. Convert an object with type OBJ_NONE (from a prior call to lookup_unknown_object) to the expected type. We can encapsulate steps 2 and 3 in a helper function which checks whether we have the expected object type, converts OBJ_NONE as appropriate, and returns the object. Not only does this shorten the code, but it also provides one central location for converting OBJ_NONE objects into objects of other types. Future patches will use that to enforce type-specific invariants. Since this is a refactoring, we would want it to behave exactly as the current code. It takes a little reasoning to see that this is the case: - for lookup_{commit,tree,etc} functions, we are just pulling steps 2 and 3 into a function that does the same thing. - for the call in peel_object, we currently only do step 3 (but we want to consolidate it with the others, as mentioned above). However, step 2 is a noop here, as the surrounding conditional makes sure we have OBJ_NONE (which we want to keep to avoid an extraneous call to sha1_object_info). - for the call in lookup_commit_reference_gently, we are currently doing step 2 but not step 3. However, step 3 is a noop here. The object we got will have just come from deref_tag, which must have figured out the type for each object in order to know when to stop peeling. Therefore the type will never be OBJ_NONE. Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-05-27remote prune: optimize "dangling symref" check/warningJens Lindström
When 'git remote prune' was used to delete many refs in a repository with many refs, a lot of time was spent checking for (now) dangling symbolic refs pointing to the deleted ref, since warn_dangling_symref() was once per deleted ref to check all other refs in the repository. Avoid this using the new warn_dangling_symrefs() function which makes one pass over all refs and checks for all the deleted refs in one go, after they have all been deleted. Signed-off-by: Jens Lindström <jl@opera.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-05-27remote: repack packed-refs once when deleting multiple refsJens Lindström
When 'git remote rm' or 'git remote prune' were used in a repository with many refs, and needed to delete many remote-tracking refs, a lot of time was spent deleting those refs since for each deleted ref, repack_without_refs() was called to rewrite packed-refs without just that deleted ref. To avoid this, call repack_without_refs() first to repack without all the refs that will be deleted, before calling delete_ref() to delete each one completely. The call to repack_without_ref() in delete_ref() then becomes a no-op, since packed-refs already won't contain any of the deleted refs. Signed-off-by: Jens Lindström <jl@opera.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-03-19Merge branch 'sh/use-hashcpy'Junio C Hamano
* sh/use-hashcpy: Use hashcpy() when copying object names
2014-03-07Use hashcpy() when copying object namesSun He
We invented hashcpy() to keep the abstraction of "object name" behind it. Use it instead of calling memcpy() with hard-coded 20-byte length when moving object names between pieces of memory. Leave ppc/sha1.c as-is, because the function is about the SHA-1 hash algorithm whose output is and will always be 20 bytes. Helped-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Helped-by: Duy Nguyen <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Sun He <sunheehnus@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-02-21use wildmatch() directly without fnmatch() wrapperNguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy
Make it clear that we don't use fnmatch() anymore. Signed-off-by: Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-27Merge branch 'mh/safe-create-leading-directories'Junio C Hamano
Code clean-up and protection against concurrent write access to the ref namespace. * mh/safe-create-leading-directories: rename_tmp_log(): on SCLD_VANISHED, retry rename_tmp_log(): limit the number of remote_empty_directories() attempts rename_tmp_log(): handle a possible mkdir/rmdir race rename_ref(): extract function rename_tmp_log() remove_dir_recurse(): handle disappearing files and directories remove_dir_recurse(): tighten condition for removing unreadable dir lock_ref_sha1_basic(): if locking fails with ENOENT, retry lock_ref_sha1_basic(): on SCLD_VANISHED, retry safe_create_leading_directories(): add new error value SCLD_VANISHED cmd_init_db(): when creating directories, handle errors conservatively safe_create_leading_directories(): introduce enum for return values safe_create_leading_directories(): always restore slash at end of loop safe_create_leading_directories(): split on first of multiple slashes safe_create_leading_directories(): rename local variable safe_create_leading_directories(): add explicit "slash" pointer safe_create_leading_directories(): reduce scope of local variable safe_create_leading_directories(): fix format of "if" chaining
2014-01-27Merge branch 'mh/retire-ref-fetch-rules'Junio C Hamano
Code simplification. * mh/retire-ref-fetch-rules: refname_match(): always use the rules in ref_rev_parse_rules
2014-01-22rename_tmp_log(): on SCLD_VANISHED, retryMichael Haggerty
If safe_create_leading_directories() fails because a file along the path unexpectedly vanished, try again from the beginning. Try at most 4 times. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-22rename_tmp_log(): limit the number of remote_empty_directories() attemptsMichael Haggerty
This doesn't seem to be a likely error, but we've got the counter anyway, so we might as well use it for an added bit of safety. Please note that the first call to rename() is optimistic, and it is normal for it to fail if there is a directory in the way. So bump the total number of allowed attempts to 4, to be sure that we can still have at least 3 retries in the case of a race. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-22rename_tmp_log(): handle a possible mkdir/rmdir raceMichael Haggerty
If a directory vanishes while renaming the temporary reflog file, retry (up to 3 times). This could happen if another process deletes the directory created by safe_create_leading_directories() just before we rename the file into the directory. As far as I can tell, this race could not occur internal to git. The only time that a directory under $GIT_DIR/logs is deleted is if room has to be made for a log file for a reference with the same name; for example, in the following sequence: git branch foo/bar # Creates file .git/logs/refs/heads/foo/bar git branch -d foo/bar # Deletes file but leaves .git/logs/refs/heads/foo/ git branch foo # Deletes .git/logs/refs/heads/foo/ But the only reason the last command deletes the directory is because it wants to create a file with the same name. So if another process (e.g., git branch foo/baz ) wants to create that directory, one of the two is doomed to failure anyway because of a D/F conflict. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-22rename_ref(): extract function rename_tmp_log()Michael Haggerty
It's about to become a bit more complex. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-22lock_ref_sha1_basic(): if locking fails with ENOENT, retryMichael Haggerty
If hold_lock_file_for_update() fails with errno==ENOENT, it might be because somebody else (for example, a pack-refs process) has just deleted one of the lockfile's ancestor directories. So if this condition is detected, try again (up to 3 times). Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-22lock_ref_sha1_basic(): on SCLD_VANISHED, retryMichael Haggerty
If safe_create_leading_directories() fails because a file along the path unexpectedly vanished, try again (up to 3 times). This can occur if another process is deleting directories at the same time as we are trying to make them. For example, "git pack-refs --all" tries to delete the loose refs and any empty directories that are left behind. If a pack-refs process is running, then it might delete a directory that we need to put a new loose reference in. If safe_create_leading_directories() thinks this might have happened, then take its advice and try again (maximum three attempts). Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-15refname_match(): always use the rules in ref_rev_parse_rulesMichael Haggerty
We used to use two separate rules for the normal ref resolution dwimming and dwimming done to decide which remote ref to grab. The third parameter to refname_match() selected which rules to use. When these two rules were harmonized in 2011-11-04 dd621df9cd refs DWIMmery: use the same rule for both "git fetch" and others , ref_fetch_rules was #defined to avoid potential breakages for in-flight topics. It is now safe to remove the backwards-compatibility code, so remove refname_match()'s third parameter, make ref_rev_parse_rules private to refs.c, and remove ref_fetch_rules entirely. Suggested-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-13Merge branch 'mh/shorten-unambigous-ref'Junio C Hamano
* mh/shorten-unambigous-ref: shorten_unambiguous_ref(): tighten up pointer arithmetic gen_scanf_fmt(): delete function and use snprintf() instead shorten_unambiguous_ref(): introduce a new local variable
2014-01-10shorten_unambiguous_ref(): tighten up pointer arithmeticMichael Haggerty
As long as we're being pathologically stingy with mallocs, we might as well do the math right and save 6 (!) bytes. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-10gen_scanf_fmt(): delete function and use snprintf() insteadMichael Haggerty
To replace "%.*s" with "%s", all we have to do is use snprintf() to interpolate "%s" into the pattern. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2014-01-10shorten_unambiguous_ref(): introduce a new local variableMichael Haggerty
When filling the scanf_fmts array, use a separate variable to keep track of the offset to avoid clobbering total_len (which we will need in the next commit). Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-12-06replace {pre,suf}fixcmp() with {starts,ends}_with()Christian Couder
Leaving only the function definitions and declarations so that any new topic in flight can still make use of the old functions, replace existing uses of the prefixcmp() and suffixcmp() with new API functions. The change can be recreated by mechanically applying this: $ git grep -l -e prefixcmp -e suffixcmp -- \*.c | grep -v strbuf\\.c | xargs perl -pi -e ' s|!prefixcmp\(|starts_with\(|g; s|prefixcmp\(|!starts_with\(|g; s|!suffixcmp\(|ends_with\(|g; s|suffixcmp\(|!ends_with\(|g; ' on the result of preparatory changes in this series. Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <chriscool@tuxfamily.org> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-11-01Merge branch 'sb/refs-code-cleanup'Junio C Hamano
* sb/refs-code-cleanup: cache: remove unused function 'have_git_dir' refs: remove unused function invalidate_ref_cache
2013-10-30Merge branch 'jk/refs-c-squelch-gcc'Junio C Hamano
* jk/refs-c-squelch-gcc: silence gcc array-bounds warning
2013-10-28refs: remove unused function invalidate_ref_cacheStefan Beller
The function 'invalidate_ref_cache' was introduced in 79c7ca5 (2011-10-17, invalidate_ref_cache(): rename function from invalidate_cached_refs()) by a rename and elevated to be publicly usable in 8be8bde (2011-10-17, invalidate_ref_cache(): expose this function in the refs API) However it is not used anymore, as 8bf90dc (2011-10-17, write_ref_sha1(): only invalidate the loose ref cache) and (much) later 506a760 (2013-04-22, refs: change how packed refs are deleted) removed any calls to this function. So it seems as if we don't need that function any more, good bye! Signed-off-by: Stefan Beller <stefanbeller@googlemail.com> Acked-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-10-25silence gcc array-bounds warningJeff King
In shorten_unambiguous_ref, we build and cache a reverse-map of the rev-parse rules like this: static char **scanf_fmts; static int nr_rules; if (!nr_rules) { for (; ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]; nr_rules++) ... generate scanf_fmts ... } where ref_rev_parse_rules is terminated with a NULL pointer. Compiling with "gcc -O2 -Wall" does not cause any problems, but compiling with "-O3 -Wall" generates: $ make CFLAGS='-O3 -Wall' refs.o refs.c: In function ‘shorten_unambiguous_ref’: refs.c:3379:29: warning: array subscript is above array bounds [-Warray-bounds] for (; ref_rev_parse_rules[nr_rules]; nr_rules++) Curiously, we can silence this by explicitly nr_rules to 0 in the beginning of the loop, even though the compiler should be able to tell that we follow this code path only when nr_rules is already 0. Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-10-15refs.c: spell NULL pointer as NULLRamsay Jones
A call to update_ref_lock() passes '0' to the 'int *type_p' parameter. Noticed by sparse. ("Using plain integer as NULL pointer") Signed-off-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>
2013-09-20Merge branch 'fc/at-head'Junio C Hamano
Instead of typing four capital letters "HEAD", you can say "@" now, e.g. "git log @". * fc/at-head: Add new @ shortcut for HEAD sha1-name: pass len argument to interpret_branch_name()
2013-09-20Merge branch 'bk/refs-multi-update'Junio C Hamano
Give "update-refs" a "--stdin" option to read multiple update requests and perform them in an all-or-none fashion. * bk/refs-multi-update: update-ref: add test cases covering --stdin signature update-ref: support multiple simultaneous updates refs: add update_refs for multiple simultaneous updates refs: add function to repack without multiple refs refs: factor delete_ref loose ref step into a helper refs: factor update_ref steps into helpers refs: report ref type from lock_any_ref_for_update reset: rename update_refs to reset_refs
2013-09-13Add new @ shortcut for HEADFelipe Contreras
Typing 'HEAD' is tedious, especially when we can use '@' instead. The reason for choosing '@' is that it follows naturally from the ref@op syntax (e.g. HEAD@{u}), except we have no ref, and no operation, and when we don't have those, it makes sens to assume 'HEAD'. So now we can use 'git show @~1', and all that goody goodness. Until now '@' was a valid name, but it conflicts with this idea, so let's make it invalid. Probably very few people, if any, used this name. Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-09-10Merge branch 'jc/push-cas'Junio C Hamano
Allow a safer "rewind of the remote tip" push than blind "--force", by requiring that the overwritten remote ref to be unchanged since the new history to replace it was prepared. The machinery is more or less ready. The "--force" option is again the big red button to override any safety, thanks to J6t's sanity (the original round allowed --lockref to defeat --force). The logic to choose the default implemented here is fragile (e.g. "git fetch" after seeing a failure will update the remote-tracking branch and will make the next "push" pass, defeating the safety pretty easily). It is suitable only for the simplest workflows, and it may hurt users more than it helps them. * jc/push-cas: push: teach --force-with-lease to smart-http transport send-pack: fix parsing of --force-with-lease option t5540/5541: smart-http does not support "--force-with-lease" t5533: test "push --force-with-lease" push --force-with-lease: tie it all together push --force-with-lease: implement logic to populate old_sha1_expect[] remote.c: add command line option parser for "--force-with-lease" builtin/push.c: use OPT_BOOL, not OPT_BOOLEAN cache.h: move remote/connect API out of it
2013-09-04refs: add update_refs for multiple simultaneous updatesBrad King
Add 'struct ref_update' to encode the information needed to update or delete a ref (name, new sha1, optional old sha1, no-deref flag). Add function 'update_refs' accepting an array of updates to perform. First sort the input array to order locks consistently everywhere and reject multiple updates to the same ref. Then acquire locks on all refs with verified old values. Then update or delete all refs accordingly. Fail if any one lock cannot be obtained or any one old value does not match. Though the refs themselves cannot be modified together in a single atomic transaction, this function does enable some useful semantics. For example, a caller may create a new branch starting from the head of another branch and rewind the original branch at the same time. This transfers ownership of commits between branches without risk of losing commits added to the original branch by a concurrent process, or risk of a concurrent process creating the new branch first. Signed-off-by: Brad King <brad.king@kitware.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-09-04refs: add function to repack without multiple refsBrad King
Generalize repack_without_ref as repack_without_refs to support a list of refs and implement the former in terms of the latter. Signed-off-by: Brad King <brad.king@kitware.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-09-04refs: factor delete_ref loose ref step into a helperBrad King
Factor loose ref deletion into helper function delete_ref_loose to allow later use elsewhere. Signed-off-by: Brad King <brad.king@kitware.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-09-04refs: factor update_ref steps into helpersBrad King
Factor the lock and write steps and error handling into helper functions update_ref_lock and update_ref_write to allow later use elsewhere. Expose lock_any_ref_for_update's type_p to update_ref_lock callers. While at it, drop "static" from the local "lock" variable as it is not necessary to keep across invocations. Signed-off-by: Brad King <brad.king@kitware.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-09-03sha1-name: pass len argument to interpret_branch_name()Felipe Contreras
This is useful to make sure we don't step outside the boundaries of what we are interpreting at the moment. For example while interpreting foobar@{u}~1, the job of interpret_branch_name() ends right before ~1, but there's no way to figure that out inside the function, unless the len argument is passed. So let's do that. Signed-off-by: Felipe Contreras <felipe.contreras@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-08-31refs: report ref type from lock_any_ref_for_updateBrad King
Expose lock_ref_sha1_basic's type_p argument to callers of lock_any_ref_for_update. Update all call sites to ignore it by passing NULL for now. Signed-off-by: Brad King <brad.king@kitware.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-08-15Revert "Add new @ shortcut for HEAD"Junio C Hamano
This reverts commit cdfd94837b27c220f70f032b596ea993d195488f, as it does not just apply to "@" (and forms with modifiers like @{u} applied to it), but also affects e.g. "refs/heads/@/foo", which it shouldn't. The basic idea of giving a short-hand might be good, and the topic can be retried later, but let's revert to avoid affecting existing use cases for now for the upcoming release.
2013-07-31Merge branch 'mh/packed-refs-do-one-ref-recursion'Junio C Hamano
Fix a NULL-pointer dereference during nested iterations over references (for example, when replace references are being used). * mh/packed-refs-do-one-ref-recursion: do_one_ref(): save and restore value of current_ref
2013-07-25Merge branch 'mh/ref-races-optim-invalidate-cached'Junio C Hamano
* mh/ref-races-optim-invalidate-cached: refs: do not invalidate the packed-refs cache unnecessarily
2013-07-18do_one_ref(): save and restore value of current_refMichael Haggerty
If do_one_ref() is called recursively, then the inner call should not permanently overwrite the value stored in current_ref by the outer call. Aside from the tiny optimization loss, peel_ref() expects the value of current_ref not to change across a call to peel_entry(). But in the presence of replace references that assumption could be violated by a recursive call to do_one_ref: do_for_each_entry() do_one_ref() builtin/describe.c:get_name() peel_ref() peel_entry() peel_object () deref_tag_noverify() parse_object() lookup_replace_object() do_lookup_replace_object() prepare_replace_object() do_for_each_ref() do_for_each_entry() do_for_each_entry_in_dir() do_one_ref() The inner call to do_one_ref() was unconditionally setting current_ref to NULL when it was done, causing peel_ref() to perform an invalid memory access. So change do_one_ref() to save the old value of current_ref before overwriting it, and restore the old value afterward rather than setting it to NULL. Reported-by: Mantas Mikulėnas <grawity@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-07-09cache.h: move remote/connect API out of itJunio C Hamano
The definition of "struct ref" in "cache.h", a header file so central to the system, always confused me. This structure is not about the local ref used by sha1-name API to name local objects. It is what refspecs are expanded into, after finding out what refs the other side has, to define what refs are updated after object transfer succeeds to what values. It belongs to "remote.h" together with "struct refspec". While we are at it, also move the types and functions related to the Git transport connection to a new header file connect.h Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-07-01Merge branch 'mh/ref-races'Junio C Hamano
"git pack-refs" that races with new ref creation or deletion have been susceptible to lossage of refs under right conditions, which has been tightened up. * mh/ref-races: for_each_ref: load all loose refs before packed refs get_packed_ref_cache: reload packed-refs file when it changes add a stat_validity struct Extract a struct stat_data from cache_entry packed_ref_cache: increment refcount when locked do_for_each_entry(): increment the packed refs cache refcount refs: manage lifetime of packed refs cache via reference counting refs: implement simple transactions for the packed-refs file refs: wrap the packed refs cache in a level of indirection pack_refs(): split creation of packed refs and entry writing repack_without_ref(): split list curation and entry writing
2013-06-21refs: do not invalidate the packed-refs cache unnecessarilyMichael Haggerty
Now that we keep track of the packed-refs file metadata, we can detect when the packed-refs file has been modified since we last read it, and we do so automatically every time that get_packed_ref_cache() is called. So there is no need to invalidate the cache automatically when lock_packed_refs() is called; usually the old copy will still be valid. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21for_each_ref: load all loose refs before packed refsJeff King
If we are iterating through the refs using for_each_ref (or any of its sister functions), we can get into a race condition with a simultaneous "pack-refs --prune" that looks like this: 0. We have a large number of loose refs, and a few packed refs. refs/heads/z/foo is loose, with no matching entry in the packed-refs file. 1. Process A starts iterating through the refs. It loads the packed-refs file from disk, then starts lazily traversing through the loose ref directories. 2. Process B, running "pack-refs --prune", writes out the new packed-refs file. It then deletes the newly packed refs, including refs/heads/z/foo. 3. Meanwhile, process A has finally gotten to refs/heads/z (it traverses alphabetically). It descends, but finds nothing there. It checks its cached view of the packed-refs file, but it does not mention anything in "refs/heads/z/" at all (it predates the new file written by B in step 2). The traversal completes successfully without mentioning refs/heads/z/foo at all (the name, of course, isn't important; but the more refs you have and the farther down the alphabetical list a ref is, the more likely it is to hit the race). If refs/heads/z/foo did exist in the packed refs file at state 0, we would see an entry for it, but it would show whatever sha1 the ref had the last time it was packed (which could be an arbitrarily long time ago). This can be especially dangerous when process A is "git prune", as it means our set of reachable tips will be incomplete, and we may erroneously prune objects reachable from that tip (the same thing can happen if "repack -ad" is used, as it simply drops unreachable objects that are packed). This patch solves it by loading all of the loose refs for our traversal into our in-memory cache, and then refreshing the packed-refs cache. Because a pack-refs writer will always put the new packed-refs file into place before starting the prune, we know that any loose refs we fail to see will either truly be missing, or will have already been put in the packed-refs file by the time we refresh. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21get_packed_ref_cache: reload packed-refs file when it changesJeff King
Once we read the packed-refs file into memory, we cache it to save work on future ref lookups. However, our cache may be out of date with respect to what is on disk if another process is simultaneously packing the refs. Normally it is acceptable for us to be a little out of date, since there is no guarantee whether we read the file before or after the simultaneous update. However, there is an important special case: our packed-refs file must be up to date with respect to any loose refs we read. Otherwise, we risk the following race condition: 0. There exists a loose ref refs/heads/master. 1. Process A starts and looks up the ref "master". It first checks $GIT_DIR/master, which does not exist. It then loads (and caches) the packed-refs file to see if "master" exists in it, which it does not. 2. Meanwhile, process B runs "pack-refs --all --prune". It creates a new packed-refs file which contains refs/heads/master, and removes the loose copy at $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master. 3. Process A continues its lookup, and eventually tries $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master. It sees that the loose ref is missing, and falls back to the packed-refs file. But it examines its cached version, which does not have refs/heads/master. After trying a few other prefixes, it reports master as a non-existent ref. There are many variants (e.g., step 1 may involve process A looking up another ref entirely, so even a fully qualified refname can fail). One of the most interesting ones is if "refs/heads/master" is already packed. In that case process A will not see it as missing, but rather will report whatever value happened to be in the packed-refs file before process B repacked (which might be an arbitrarily old value). We can fix this by making sure we reload the packed-refs file from disk after looking at any loose refs. That's unacceptably slow, so we can check its stat()-validity as a proxy, and read it only when it appears to have changed. Reading the packed-refs file after performing any loose-ref system calls is sufficient because we know the ordering of the pack-refs process: it always makes sure the newly written packed-refs file is installed into place before pruning any loose refs. As long as those operations by B appear in their executed order to process A, by the time A sees the missing loose ref, the new packed-refs file must be in place. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21packed_ref_cache: increment refcount when lockedMichael Haggerty
Increment the packed_ref_cache reference count while it is locked to prevent its being freed. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21do_for_each_entry(): increment the packed refs cache refcountMichael Haggerty
This function calls a user-supplied callback function which could do something that causes the packed refs cache to be invalidated. So acquire a reference count on the data structure to prevent our copy from being freed while we are iterating over it. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21refs: manage lifetime of packed refs cache via reference countingMichael Haggerty
In struct packed_ref_cache, keep a count of the number of users of the data structure. Only free the packed ref cache when the reference count goes to zero rather than when the packed ref cache is cleared. This mechanism will be used to prevent the cache data structure from being freed while it is being iterated over. So far, only the reference in struct ref_cache::packed is counted; other users will be adjusted in separate commits. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21refs: implement simple transactions for the packed-refs fileMichael Haggerty
Handle simple transactions for the packed-refs file at the packed_ref_cache level via new functions lock_packed_refs(), commit_packed_refs(), and rollback_packed_refs(). Only allow the packed ref cache to be modified (via add_packed_ref()) while the packed refs file is locked. Change clone to add the new references within a transaction. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21refs: wrap the packed refs cache in a level of indirectionMichael Haggerty
As we know, we can solve any problem in this manner. In this case, the problem is to avoid freeing a packed refs cache while somebody is using it. So add a level of indirection as a prelude to reference-counting the packed refs cache. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2013-06-21pack_refs(): split creation of packed refs and entry writingMichael Haggerty
Split pack_refs() into multiple passes: * Iterate over loose refs. For each one that can be turned into a packed ref, create a corresponding entry in the packed refs cache. * Write the packed refs to the packed-refs file. This change isolates the mutation of the packed-refs file to a single place. Signed-off-by: Michael Haggerty <mhagger@alum.mit.edu> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>