resources/page: Use binary search in Pages.Prev/Next if possible

This is obviously much faster for lager data sets:

```bash
name                         old time/op    new time/op    delta
SearchPage/ByWeight-100-4       267ns ± 4%     272ns ± 5%     ~     (p=0.457 n=4+4)
SearchPage/ByWeight-5000-4     10.8µs ± 3%     1.2µs ± 2%  -88.99%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SearchPage/ByWeight-10000-4    21.1µs ± 1%     1.4µs ±11%  -93.28%  (p=0.029 n=4+4)
```

See #4500

1 files changed, 126 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/resources/page/pages_sort_search.go b/resources/page/pages_sort_search.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ff44e42d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/page/pages_sort_search.go
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Hugo Authors. All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package page
+
+import "sort"
+
+// Used in page binary search, the most common in front.
+var pageLessFunctions = []func(p1, p2 Page) bool{
+	DefaultPageSort,
+	lessPageDate,
+	lessPagePubDate,
+	lessPageTitle,
+	lessPageLinkTitle,
+}
+
+func searchPage(p Page, pages Pages) int {
+	if len(pages) < 1000 {
+		// For smaller data sets, doing a linear search is faster.
+		return searchPageLinear(p, pages, 0)
+	}
+
+	less := isPagesProbablySorted(pages, pageLessFunctions...)
+	if less == nil {
+		return searchPageLinear(p, pages, 0)
+	}
+
+	i := searchPageBinary(p, pages, less)
+	if i != -1 {
+		return i
+	}
+
+	return searchPageLinear(p, pages, 0)
+}
+
+func searchPageLinear(p Page, pages Pages, start int) int {
+	for i := start; i < len(pages); i++ {
+		c := pages[i]
+		if c.Eq(p) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return -1
+}
+
+func searchPageBinary(p Page, pages Pages, less func(p1, p2 Page) bool) int {
+	n := len(pages)
+
+	f := func(i int) bool {
+		c := pages[i]
+		isLess := less(c, p)
+		return !isLess || c.Eq(p)
+	}
+
+	i := sort.Search(n, f)
+
+	if i == n {
+		return -1
+	}
+
+	return searchPageLinear(p, pages, i)
+
+}
+
+// isProbablySorted tests if the pages slice is probably sorted.
+func isPagesProbablySorted(pages Pages, lessFuncs ...func(p1, p2 Page) bool) func(p1, p2 Page) bool {
+	n := len(pages)
+	step := 1
+	if n > 500 {
+		step = 50
+	}
+
+	is := func(less func(p1, p2 Page) bool) bool {
+		samples := 0
+
+		for i := n - 1; i > 0; i = i - step {
+			if less(pages[i], pages[i-1]) {
+				return false
+			}
+			samples++
+			if samples >= 15 {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+		return samples > 0
+	}
+
+	isReverse := func(less func(p1, p2 Page) bool) bool {
+		samples := 0
+
+		for i := 0; i < n-1; i = i + step {
+			if less(pages[i], pages[i+1]) {
+				return false
+			}
+			samples++
+
+			if samples > 15 {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+		return samples > 0
+	}
+
+	for _, less := range lessFuncs {
+		if is(less) {
+			return less
+		}
+		if isReverse(less) {
+			return func(p1, p2 Page) bool {
+				return less(p2, p1)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}