1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
|
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#sentence-by-sentence: take in a system output, with any number of factors, and a reference translation, also maybe with factors, and show each sentence and its errors
#usage: sentence-by-sentence SYSOUT REFERENCE > sentences.html
use strict;
use Getopt::Long;
my $sourcefile = undef; # source text
GetOptions(
"source=s" => \$sourcefile,
) or exit(1);
my ($sysoutfile, $truthfile) = @ARGV;
if (!defined $sysoutfile || !defined $truthfile) {
print STDERR "usage: $0 hypothesis reference > sentence-by-sentence.html
Options:
--source=STRING ... source sentences
";
exit 1;
}
open(SYSOUT, "<$sysoutfile") or die "couldn't open '$sysoutfile' for read\n";
open(TRUTH, "<$truthfile") or die "couldn't open '$truthfile' for read\n";
binmode(SYSOUT, ":utf8");
binmode(TRUTH, ":utf8");
binmode(STDOUT, ":utf8");
if (defined $sourcefile) {
open(SOURCE, "<$sourcefile") or die "couldn't open '$sourcefile' for read\n";
binmode(SOURCE, ":utf8");
}
my @bleuScores;
my @htmlSentences;
my @htmlColors = ('#99ff99', '#aaaaff', '#ffff99', '#ff9933', '#ff9999'); #color sentences by rank (split in n tiers)
my @ngramColors = ('#ffff99', '#ff9933', '#99ff99', '#aaaaff', '#ff99ff'); #to be colorful and tell consecutive n-grams apart on the display
my $i = 0;
while(my $sLine = <SYSOUT>)
{
my $eLine = <TRUTH>;
die "$truthfile shorter than $sysoutfile!" if !defined $eLine;
chomp $sLine; chomp $eLine;
$sLine =~ s/^\s*|\s*$//g;
$eLine =~ s/^\s*|\s*$//g;
my @sWords = split(/\s+/, $sLine);
my @eWords = split(/\s+/, $eLine);
my @sFactors = map {my @f = split(/\|/, $_); \@f;} @sWords;
my @eFactors = map {my @f = split(/\|/, $_); \@f;} @eWords;
my @sourceFactors;
if (defined $sourcefile) {
my $sourceLine = <SOURCE>;
die "$sourcefile shorter than $sysoutfile!" if !defined $sourceLine;
chomp $sourceLine;
$sourceLine =~ s/^\s*|\s*$//g;
my @sourceWords = split(/\s+/, $sourceLine);
@sourceFactors = map {my @f = split(/\|/, $_); \@f;} @sourceWords;
}
my $bleuData = getBLEUSentenceDetails(\@sFactors, \@eFactors, 0);
push @bleuScores, [$i, $bleuData->[0]->[0], 0]; #the last number will be the rank
my $pwerData = getPWERSentenceDetails(\@sFactors, \@eFactors, 0);
my $html = "<div class=\"sentence\" style=\"background-color: %%%%\">"; #the %%%% is a flag to be replaced
$html .= "<div class=\"bleu_report\"><b>Sentence $i) BLEU:</b> " . sprintf("%.4lg", $bleuData->[0]->[0]) . " (" . join('/', map {sprintf("%.4lg", $_)} @{$bleuData->[0]}[1 .. 4]) . ")</div>\n";
$html .= "<h2>Source</h2><div class=\"source_sentence\" id=\"source$i\">" . getFactoredSentenceHTML(\@sourceFactors) . "</div>\n" if defined $sourcefile;
$html .= "<h2>Reference</h2><div class=\"truth_sentence\" id=\"truth$i\">" . getFactoredSentenceHTML(\@eFactors) . "</div>\n";
my $j = 0;
$html .= "<h2>System Output</h2><h4>(PWER errors marked)</h4><div class=\"sysout_sentence\" id=\"sysout$i\">" . getFactoredSentenceHTML(\@sFactors, $pwerData) . "</div>\n";
$j = 0;
$html .= "<h2>N-grams</h2><div class=\"sysout_ngrams\" id=\"ngrams$i\">" . getAllNgramsHTML(\@sFactors, $bleuData->[1]) . "</div>\n";
$html .= "</div>\n";
push @htmlSentences, $html;
$i++;
}
close(SYSOUT);
close(TRUTH);
rankSentencesByBLEU(\@bleuScores);
my $stylesheet = <<EOHTML;
<style type="text/css">
h2 {font-weight: bold; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 12px}
h4 {font-weight: bold; font-size: small}
#legend {background-color: #fff; border: 1px solid #000; padding: 2px; margin-bottom: 15px}
#legend_title {font-weight: bold; font-size: medium; text-decoration: underline}
div.sentence {background-color: #ffffee; border: 1px solid #000088; padding: 0px 8px 0px 8px} //entire composition
div.bleu_report {margin-bottom: 5px}
div.source_sentence {background-color: #ffcccc; border: 1px solid #bbb; margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px}
div.truth_sentence {background-color: #ccffcc; border: 1px solid #bbb; margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px}
div.sysout_sentence {background-color: #ccccff; border: 1px solid #bbb; margin: 8px 0px 8px 0px}
table.sentence_table {border: none}
div.sysout_ngrams {background-color: #fff; border: 1px solid #bbb; margin-top: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px}
table.ngram_table {}
td.ngram_cell {padding: 1px}
</style>
EOHTML
print "<html><head>\n";
print "<meta http-equiv=\"Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8\">\n";
print "<title>$sysoutfile vs. $truthfile: Sentence-by-sentence Comparison</title>$stylesheet</head><body>\n";
#legend for background colors
my @minBLEU = (1e9) x scalar(@htmlColors);
my @maxBLEU = (-1e9) x scalar(@htmlColors);
for(my $k = 0; $k < scalar(@htmlSentences); $k++)
{
my $tier = int($bleuScores[$k]->[2] / (scalar(@htmlSentences) / scalar(@htmlColors)));
if($bleuScores[$k]->[1] < $minBLEU[$tier]) {$minBLEU[$tier] = $bleuScores[$k]->[1];}
elsif($bleuScores[$k]->[1] > $maxBLEU[$tier]) {$maxBLEU[$tier] = $bleuScores[$k]->[1];}
}
print "<div id=legend><span id=legend_title>BLEU Ranges</span><table border=0>";
for(my $k = 0; $k < scalar(@htmlColors); $k++)
{
print "<tr><td style=\"width: 15px; height: 15px; background-color: " . $htmlColors[$k] . "\"></td><td align=left style=\"padding-left: 12px\">"
. sprintf("%.4lg", $minBLEU[$k]) . " - " . sprintf("%.4lg", $maxBLEU[$k]) . "</td>";
}
print "</table></div>\n";
#sentence boxes
my $j = 0;
foreach my $sentenceHTML (@htmlSentences)
{
if($j > 0) {print "<hr width=98%>";}
my $bgcolor = getSentenceBGColorHTML($bleuScores[$j], $i); #i is now # of sentences
$sentenceHTML =~ s/%%%%/$bgcolor/;
print "$sentenceHTML\n";
$j++;
}
print "</body></html>";
##################### utils #####################
#arguments: a, b (scalars)
sub min
{
my ($a, $b) = @_;
return ($a < $b) ? $a : $b;
}
#arguments: a, b (scalars)
sub max
{
my ($a, $b) = @_;
return ($a > $b) ? $a : $b;
}
#arguments: x
sub my_log
{
return -9999999999 unless $_[0];
return log($_[0]);
}
###############################################################################################################################################################
#arguments: sysout sentence (arrayref of arrayrefs of factor strings), truth sentence (same), factor index to use
#return: arrayref of [arrayref of [overall BLEU score, n-gram precisions], arrayref of matching n-gram [start index, length]]
sub getBLEUSentenceDetails
{
my ($refSysOutput, $refTruth, $factorIndex) = @_;
my ($length_reference, $length_translation) = (scalar(@$refTruth), scalar(@$refSysOutput));
my ($correct1, $correct2, $correct3, $correct4, $total1, $total2, $total3, $total4) = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
my $returnData = [[], []];
my %REF_GRAM = ();
my $ngramMatches = []; #arrayref of n-gram [start index, length]
my ($i, $gram);
for($i = 0; $i < $length_reference; $i++)
{
$gram = $refTruth->[$i]->[$factorIndex];
$REF_GRAM{$gram}++;
next if $i<1;
$gram = $refTruth->[$i - 1]->[$factorIndex] ." ".$gram;
$REF_GRAM{$gram}++;
next if $i<2;
$gram = $refTruth->[$i - 2]->[$factorIndex] ." ".$gram;
$REF_GRAM{$gram}++;
next if $i<3;
$gram = $refTruth->[$i - 3]->[$factorIndex] ." ".$gram;
$REF_GRAM{$gram}++;
}
for($i = 0; $i < $length_translation; $i++)
{
$gram = $refSysOutput->[$i]->[$factorIndex];
if (defined($REF_GRAM{$gram}) && $REF_GRAM{$gram} > 0) {
$REF_GRAM{$gram}--;
$correct1++;
push @$ngramMatches, [$i, 1];
}
next if $i<1;
$gram = $refSysOutput->[$i - 1]->[$factorIndex] ." ".$gram;
if (defined($REF_GRAM{$gram}) && $REF_GRAM{$gram} > 0) {
$REF_GRAM{$gram}--;
$correct2++;
push @$ngramMatches, [$i - 1, 2];
}
next if $i<2;
$gram = $refSysOutput->[$i - 2]->[$factorIndex] ." ".$gram;
if (defined($REF_GRAM{$gram}) && $REF_GRAM{$gram} > 0) {
$REF_GRAM{$gram}--;
$correct3++;
push @$ngramMatches, [$i - 2, 3];
}
next if $i<3;
$gram = $refSysOutput->[$i - 3]->[$factorIndex] ." ".$gram;
if (defined($REF_GRAM{$gram}) && $REF_GRAM{$gram} > 0) {
$REF_GRAM{$gram}--;
$correct4++;
push @$ngramMatches, [$i - 3, 4];
}
}
my $total = $length_translation;
$total1 = max(1, $total);
$total2 = max(1, $total - 1);
$total3 = max(1, $total - 2);
$total4 = max(1, $total - 3);
my $brevity = ($length_translation > $length_reference || $length_translation == 0) ? 1 : exp(1 - $length_reference / $length_translation);
my ($pct1, $pct2, $pct3, $pct4) = ($total1 == 0 ? -1 : $correct1 / $total1, $total2 == 0 ? -1 : $correct2 / $total2,
$total3 == 0 ? -1 : $correct3 / $total3, $total4 == 0 ? -1 : $correct4 / $total4);
my ($logsum, $logcount) = (0, 0);
if($total1 > 0) {$logsum += my_log($pct1); $logcount++;}
if($total2 > 0) {$logsum += my_log($pct2); $logcount++;}
if($total3 > 0) {$logsum += my_log($pct3); $logcount++;}
if($total4 > 0) {$logsum += my_log($pct4); $logcount++;}
my $bleu = $brevity * exp($logsum / $logcount);
$returnData->[0] = [$bleu, $pct1, $pct2, $pct3, $pct4];
$returnData->[1] = $ngramMatches;
return $returnData;
}
#arguments: sysout sentence (arrayref of arrayrefs of factor strings), truth sentence (same), factor index to use
#return: hashref of sysout word index => whether word matches
sub getPWERSentenceDetails
{
my ($refSysOutput, $refTruth, $factorIndex) = @_;
my $indices = {};
my ($sLength, $eLength) = (scalar(@$refSysOutput), scalar(@$refTruth));
my @truthWordUsed = (0) x $eLength; #array of 0/1; can only match a given truth word once
for(my $j = 0; $j < $sLength; $j++)
{
$indices->{$j} = 0;
for(my $k = 0; $k < $eLength; $k++) #check output word against entire truth sentence
{
if(lc $refSysOutput->[$j]->[$factorIndex] eq lc $refTruth->[$k]->[$factorIndex] && $truthWordUsed[$k] == 0)
{
$truthWordUsed[$k] = 1;
$indices->{$j} = 1;
last;
}
}
}
return $indices;
}
#assign ranks to sentences by BLEU score
#arguments: arrayref of arrayrefs of [sentence index, bleu score, rank to be assigned]
#return: none
sub rankSentencesByBLEU
{
my $bleuData = shift;
my $i = 0;
#sort first on score, secondarily on sentence index
foreach my $sentenceData (reverse sort {my $c = $a->[1] <=> $b->[1]; if($c == 0) {$a->[0] cmp $b->[0];} else {$c;}} @$bleuData) {$sentenceData->[2] = $i++;}
}
###############################################################################################################################################################
#write HTML for a sentence containing factors (display words in a row)
#arguments: sentence (arrayref of arrayrefs of factor strings), PWER results (hashref from word indices to 0/1 whether matched a truth word)
#return: HTML string
sub getFactoredSentenceHTML
{
my $sentence = shift;
my $pwer = 0; if(scalar(@_) > 0) {$pwer = shift;}
my $html = "<table class=\"sentence_table\"><tr>";
for(my $i = 0; $i < scalar(@$sentence); $i++) #loop over words
{
my $style = ''; #default
if($pwer ne '0' && $pwer->{$i} == 0) {$style = 'color: #cc0000; font-weight: bold';}
$html .= "<td align=center style=\"$style\">" . join("<br>", @{$sentence->[$i]}) . "</td>";
}
return $html . "</tr></table>";
}
#arguments: arrayref of [sentence index, bleu score, rank], number of sentences
#return: HTML color string
sub getSentenceBGColorHTML
{
my ($scoreData, $numSentences) = @_;
my $tier = int($scoreData->[2] / ($numSentences / scalar(@htmlColors))); #0..n-1
return $htmlColors[$tier];
}
#display all matching n-grams in the given sentence, with all 1-grams on one line, then arranged by picking, for each, the first line on which it fits,
# where a given word position can only be filled by one n-gram per line, so that all n-grams can be shown
#arguments: sentence (arrayref of arrayrefs of factor strings), arrayref of arrayrefs of matching n-gram [start, length]
#return: HTML string
sub getAllNgramsHTML
{
my ($sentence, $ngrams) = @_;
my $factorIndex = 0;
my @table = (); #array or arrayrefs each of which represents a line; each position has the index of the occupying n-gram, or -1 if none
my $n = 0; #n-gram index
foreach my $ngram (sort {$a->[0] <=> $b->[0]} @$ngrams)
{
#check for an open slot in an existing row
my $foundRow = 0;
my $r = 0;
foreach my $row (@table)
{
if(rowIsClear($row, $ngram) == 1)
{
@{$row}[$ngram->[0] .. ($ngram->[0] + $ngram->[1] - 1)] = ($n) x $ngram->[1];
push @$ngram, $r; #add row index
$foundRow = 1;
last;
}
$r++;
}
#add row if necessary
if($foundRow == 0)
{
my @row = (-1) x scalar(@$sentence);
@row[$ngram->[0] .. ($ngram->[0] + $ngram->[1] - 1)] = ($n) x $ngram->[1];
push @$ngram, scalar(@table); #add row index
push @table, \@row;
}
$n++;
}
my $html = "<table class=\"ngram_table\"><tr><td align=center>" . join("</td><td align=center>", map {$_->[$factorIndex]} @$sentence) . "</td></tr>";
my $numWords = scalar(@$sentence);
my ($curRow, $curCol) = (0, 0);
my $colorIndex = 0;
$html .= "<tr>";
foreach my $ngram (sort {my $c = $a->[2] <=> $b->[2]; if($c == 0) {$a->[0] <=> $b->[0]} else {$c}} @$ngrams) #sort by row, then word num
{
while($ngram->[0] > $curCol || $ngram->[2] > $curRow) {$html .= "<td></td>"; $curCol = ($curCol + 1) % $numWords; if($curCol == 0) {$html .= "</tr><tr>"; $curRow++;}}
$html .= "<td colspan=" . $ngram->[1] . " align=center class=\"ngram_cell\" style=\"background-color: " . $ngramColors[$colorIndex] . "\">" . join(' ', map {$_->[$factorIndex]} @{$sentence}[$ngram->[0] .. $ngram->[0] + $ngram->[1] - 1]) . "</td>";
$colorIndex = ($colorIndex + 1) % scalar(@ngramColors);
$curCol = ($curCol + $ngram->[1]) % $numWords; if($curCol == 0) {$html .= "</tr><tr>"; $curRow++;}
}
$html .= "</tr>";
return $html . "</table>\n";
}
#auxiliary to getAllNgramsHTML(): check a table row for an empty piece at the right place for the given n-gram
#arguments: row (arrayref of ints), n-gram (arrayref of [start index, length])
#return: whether (0/1) row is clear
sub rowIsClear
{
my ($row, $ngram) = @_;
return (maxN(@{$row}[$ngram->[0] .. $ngram->[0] + $ngram->[1] - 1]) == -1) ? 1 : 0;
}
#arguments: array of numeric values
#return: max value, or empty list if input list is empty
sub maxN
{
if(scalar(@_) == 0) {return ();}
my $max = $_[0];
for(my $i = 1; $i < scalar(@_); $i++)
{
if($_[$i] > $max) {$max = $_[$i];}
}
return $max;
}
|