module: reintroduce package exports dot main

This reintroduces the dot main in exports as discussed in the previous
Node.js modules meeting.

The implementation includes both CommonJS and ES module resolution with
the associated documentation and resolver specification changes.

In addition to the dot main, "exports" as a string or direct fallback
array is supported as well.

Co-Authored-By: Geoffrey Booth <GeoffreyBooth@users.noreply.github.com>
PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/29494
Reviewed-By: Jan Krems <jan.krems@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Myles Borins <myles.borins@gmail.com>

1 files changed, 36 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/doc/api/esm.md b/doc/api/esm.md
index b2ca0f2b284..b811f2c4cf7 100644
--- a/doc/api/esm.md
+++ b/doc/api/esm.md
@@ -313,6 +313,33 @@ If a package has no exports, setting `"exports": false` can be used instead of
 `"exports": {}` to indicate the package does not intend for submodules to be
 exposed.
 
+Exports can also be used to map the main entry point of a package:
+
+<!-- eslint-skip -->
+```js
+// ./node_modules/es-module-package/package.json
+{
+  "exports": {
+    ".": "./main.js"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+where the "." indicates loading the package without any subpath. Exports will
+always override any existing `"main"` value for both CommonJS and
+ES module packages.
+
+For packages with only a main entry point, an `"exports"` value of just
+a string is also supported:
+
+<!-- eslint-skip -->
+```js
+// ./node_modules/es-module-package/package.json
+{
+  "exports": "./main.js"
+}
+```
+
 Any invalid exports entries will be ignored. This includes exports not
 starting with `"./"` or a missing trailing `"/"` for directory exports.
 
@@ -841,6 +868,15 @@ _isMain_ is **true** when resolving the Node.js application entry point.
 
 > 1. If _pjson_ is **null**, then
 >    1. Throw a _Module Not Found_ error.
+> 1. If _pjson.exports_ is not **null** or **undefined**, then
+>    1. If _pjson.exports_ is a String or Array, then
+>       1. Return _PACKAGE_EXPORTS_TARGET_RESOLVE(packageURL, pjson.exports,
+>          "")_.
+>    1. If _pjson.exports is an Object, then
+>       1. If _pjson.exports_ contains a _"."_ property, then
+>          1. Let _mainExport_ be the _"."_ property in _pjson.exports_.
+>          1. Return _PACKAGE_EXPORTS_TARGET_RESOLVE(packageURL, mainExport,
+>             "")_.
 > 1. If _pjson.main_ is a String, then
 >    1. Let _resolvedMain_ be the URL resolution of _packageURL_, "/", and
 >       _pjson.main_.