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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
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vim: expandtab ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 tw=78
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<title>phpMyAdmin 3.3.0-beta1 - Documentation</title>
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<body id="top">
<div id="header">
<h1>
<a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/">php<span class="myadmin">MyAdmin</span></a>
3.3.0-beta1
Documentation
</h1>
</div>
<!-- TOP MENU -->
<ul class="header">
<li><a href="Documentation.html#top">Top</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#require">Requirements</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#intro">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#setup">Installation</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#setup_script">Setup script</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#config">Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#transformations">Transformations</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#faq"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions"> FAQ</abbr></a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#developers">Developers</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#copyright">Copyright</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#credits">Credits</a></li>
<li><a href="translators.html">Translators</a></li>
<li><a href="Documentation.html#glossary">Glossary</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="body">
<ul><li><a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/">
phpMyAdmin homepage</a></li>
<li><a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/phpmyadmin/">
SourceForge phpMyAdmin project page</a></li>
<li><a href="http://wiki.phpmyadmin.net">
Official phpMyAdmin wiki</a></li>
<li>Local documents:
<ul><li>Version history: <a href="changelog.php">ChangeLog</a></li>
<li>License: <a href="license.php">LICENSE</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><div class="l10n">Documentation version:</div>
<i>$Id$</i>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- REQUIREMENTS -->
<h2 id="require">Requirements</h2>
<ul><li><b>PHP</b>
<ul><li>You need PHP 5.2.0 or newer, with <tt>session</tt> support
(<a href="#faq1_31">see
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 1.31</a>)
and the Standard PHP Library (SPL) extension.
</li>
<li>To support uploading of ZIP files, you need the PHP <tt>zip</tt> extension.</li>
<li>For proper support of multibyte strings (eg. UTF-8, which is
currently default), you should install mbstring and ctype
extensions.
</li>
<li>You need GD2 support in PHP to display inline
thumbnails of JPEGs ("image/jpeg: inline") with their
original aspect ratio</li>
<li>When using the "cookie"
<a href="#authentication_modes">authentication method</a>, the
<a href="http://www.php.net/mcrypt"><tt>mcrypt</tt></a> extension
is strongly suggested for most users and is <b>required</b> for
64–bit machines. Not using mcrypt will cause phpMyAdmin to
load pages significantly slower.
</li>
<li>To support upload progress bars, see <a href="#faq2_9">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 2.9</a>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><b>MySQL</b> 5.0 or newer (<a href="#faq1_17">details</a>);</li>
<li><b>Web browser</b> with cookies enabled.</li>
</ul>
<!-- INTRODUCTION -->
<h2 id="intro">Introduction</h2>
<p> phpMyAdmin can manage a whole MySQL server (needs a super-user) as well as
a single database. To accomplish the latter you'll need a properly set up
MySQL user who can read/write only the desired database. It's up to you to
look up the appropriate part in the MySQL manual.
</p>
<h3>Currently phpMyAdmin can:</h3>
<ul><li>browse and drop databases, tables, views, fields and indexes</li>
<li>create, copy, drop, rename and alter databases, tables, fields and
indexes</li>
<li>maintenance server, databases and tables, with proposals on server
configuration</li>
<li>execute, edit and bookmark any
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>-statement, even
batch-queries</li>
<li>load text files into tables</li>
<li>create<a href="#footnote_1"><sup>1</sup></a> and read dumps of tables
</li>
<li>export<a href="#footnote_1"><sup>1</sup></a> data to various formats:
<abbr title="Comma Separated Values">CSV</abbr>,
<abbr title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr>,
<abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>,
<abbr title="International Standards Organisation">ISO</abbr>/<abbr
title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</abbr> 26300 -
OpenDocument Text and Spreadsheet,
<abbr title="Microsoft Word 2000">Word</abbr>,
<abbr title="Microsoft Excel 97-2003 and Excel 2007">Excel</abbr> and L<sup>A</sup>T<sub><big>E</big></sub>X formats
</li>
<li>import data and MySQL structures from <abbr title="Microsoft Excel 97-2003 and Excel 2007">Microsoft Excel</abbr> and OpenDocument spreadsheets, as well as <abbr title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr>, <abbr title="Comma Separated Values">CSV</abbr>, and <abbr title="Server Query Language">SQL</abbr> files</li>
<li>administer multiple servers</li>
<li>manage MySQL users and privileges</li>
<li>check referential integrity in MyISAM tables</li>
<li>using Query-by-example (QBE), create complex queries automatically
connecting required tables</li>
<li>create <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr> graphics of
your Database layout</li>
<li>search globally in a database or a subset of it</li>
<li>transform stored data into any format using a set of predefined
functions, like displaying BLOB-data as image or download-link
</li>
<li>track changes on databases, tables and views</li>
<li>support InnoDB tables and foreign keys <a href="#faq3_6">(see
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 3.6)</a></li>
<li>support mysqli, the improved MySQL extension <a href="#faq1_17">
(see <abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 1.17)</a></li>
<li>communicate in <a href="./translators.html">57 different languages</a>
</li>
<li>synchronize two databases residing on the same as well as remote servers
<a href="#faq9_1">(see <abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 9.1)</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>A word about users:</h4>
<p> Many people have difficulty
understanding the concept of user management with regards to phpMyAdmin. When
a user logs in to phpMyAdmin, that username and password are passed directly
to MySQL. phpMyAdmin does no account management on its own (other than
allowing one to manipulate the MySQL user account information); all users
must be valid MySQL users.</p>
<p class="footnote" id="footnote_1">
<sup>1)</sup> phpMyAdmin can compress (Zip, GZip -RFC 1952- or Bzip2 formats)
dumps and <abbr title="comma separated values">CSV</abbr> exports if you use
PHP with Zlib support (<tt>--with-zlib</tt>) and/or Bzip2 support
(<tt>--with-bz2</tt>). Proper support may also need changes in
<tt>php.ini</tt>.</p>
<!-- INSTALLATION -->
<h2 id="setup">Installation</h2>
<ol><li><a href="#quick_install">Quick Install</a></li>
<li><a href="#setup_script">Setup script usage</a></li>
<li><a href="#linked-tables">Linked-tables infrastructure</a></li>
<li><a href="#upgrading">Upgrading from an older version</a></li>
<li><a href="#authentication_modes">Using authentication modes</a></li>
</ol>
<p class="important">
phpMyAdmin does not apply any special security methods to the MySQL database
server. It is still the system administrator's job to grant permissions on
the MySQL databases properly. phpMyAdmin's "Privileges" page can
be used for this.
</p>
<p class="important">
Warning for <acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym> users:<br />
if you are on a <acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym>
<abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr> version before
<abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr> X, StuffIt unstuffs with
<acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym> formats.<br />
So you'll have to resave as in BBEdit to Unix style ALL phpMyAdmin scripts
before uploading them to your server, as PHP seems not to like
<acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym>-style end of lines character
("<tt>\r</tt>").</p>
<h3 id="quick_install">Quick Install</h3>
<ol><li>Choose an appropriate distribution kit from the phpmyadmin.net
Downloads page. Some kits contain only the English messages,
others contain all languages in UTF-8 format (this should be fine
in most situations), others contain all
languages and all character sets. We'll assume you chose a kit whose
name looks like <tt>phpMyAdmin-x.x.x-all-languages.tar.gz</tt>.
</li>
<li>Untar or unzip the distribution (be sure to unzip the subdirectories):
<tt>tar -xzvf phpMyAdmin_x.x.x-all-languages.tar.gz</tt> in your webserver's
document root. If you don't have direct access to your document root,
put the files in a directory on your local machine, and, after step 4,
transfer the directory on your web server using, for example, ftp.</li>
<li>Ensure that all the scripts have the appropriate owner (if PHP is
running in safe mode, having some scripts with an owner different
from the owner of other scripts will be a
problem). See <a href="#faq4_2">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 4.2</a> and
<a href="#faq1_26"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr>
1.26</a> for suggestions.</li>
<li>Now you must configure your installation. There are two methods that
can be used. Traditionally, users have hand-edited a copy of
<tt>config.inc.php</tt>, but now a wizard-style setup script is
provided for those who prefer a graphical installation. Creating a
<tt>config.inc.php</tt> is still a quick way to get started and needed for some advanced features.
<ul><li>To manually create the file, simply use your text editor to
create the file <tt>config.inc.php</tt> (you can copy
<tt>config.sample.inc.php</tt> to get minimal configuration
file) in the main (top-level) phpMyAdmin directory (the one
that contains <tt>index.php</tt>). phpMyAdmin first loads
<tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt> and then overrides those
values with anything found in <tt>config.inc.php</tt>. If the
default value is okay for a particular setting, there is no
need to include it in <tt>config.inc.php</tt>. You'll need a
few directives to get going, a simple configuration may look
like this:
<pre>
<?php
$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'ba17c1ec07d65003'; // use here a value of your choice
$i=0;
$i++;
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
?>
</pre>
Or, if you prefer to not be prompted every time you log in:
<pre>
<?php
$i=0;
$i++;
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user'] = 'root';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password'] = 'cbb74bc'; // use here your password
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'config';
?>
</pre>
For a full explanation of possible configuration values, see the
<a href="#config">Configuration Section</a> of this document.</li>
<li id="setup_script">Instead of manually editing
<tt>config.inc.php</tt>, you can use the
<a href="setup/">Setup Script</a>. First you must
manually create a folder <tt>config</tt> in the phpMyAdmin
directory. This is a security measure. On a Linux/Unix system you
can use the following commands:
<pre>
cd phpMyAdmin
mkdir config # create directory for saving
chmod o+rw config # give it world writable permissions
</pre>
And to edit an existing configuration, copy it over first:
<pre>
cp config.inc.php config/ # copy current configuration for editing
chmod o+w config/config.inc.php # give it world writable permissions
</pre>
On other platforms, simply create the folder and ensure that your
web server has read and write access to it. <a href="#faq1_26">FAQ
1.26</a> can help with this.<br /><br />
Next, open <tt><a href="setup/">setup/</a>
</tt>in your browser. Note that <strong>changes are not saved to
disk until explicitly choose <tt>Save</tt></strong> from the
<i>Configuration</i> area of the screen. Normally the script saves
the new config.inc.php to the <tt>config/</tt> directory, but if
the webserver does not have the proper permissions you may see the
error "Cannot load or save configuration." Ensure that the <tt>
config/</tt> directory exists and has the proper permissions -
or use the <tt>Download</tt> link to save the config file locally
and upload (via FTP or some similar means) to the proper location.<br /><br />
Once the file has been saved, it must be moved out of the <tt>
config/</tt> directory and the permissions must be reset, again
as a security measure:
<pre>
mv config/config.inc.php . # move file to current directory
chmod o-rw config.inc.php # remove world read and write permissions
rm -rf config # remove not needed directory
</pre>
Now the file is ready to be used. You can choose to review or edit
the file with your favorite editor, if you prefer to set some
advanced options which the setup script does not provide.</li></ul></li>
<li>If you are using the
<tt>auth_type</tt> "config", it is suggested that you
protect the phpMyAdmin installation directory because using
config does not require a user to
enter a password to access the phpMyAdmin installation. Use of an alternate
authentication method is recommended, for example with
HTTP–AUTH in a <a href="#glossary"><i>.htaccess</i></a> file or switch to using
<tt>auth_type</tt> cookie or http. See the
<a href="#faqmultiuser"> multi–user sub–section</a> of this
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> for additional
information, especially <a href="#faq4_4">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 4.4</a>.</li>
<li>Open the <a href="index.php">main phpMyAdmin directory</a>
in your browser. phpMyAdmin should now display a welcome screen
and your databases, or a login dialog if using
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or cookie
authentication mode.</li>
<li>You should deny access to the <tt>./libraries</tt> and
<tt>./setup/lib</tt> subfolders in your webserver configuration. For
Apache you can use supplied .htaccess file in that folder, for other
webservers, you should configure this yourself. Such configuration
prevents from possible path exposure and cross side scripting
vulnerabilities that might happen to be found in that code.</li>
<li>
It is generally good idea to protect public phpMyAdmin installation
against access by robots as they usually can not do anything good
there. You can do this using <code>robots.txt</code> file in root of
your webserver or limit access by web server configuration. You can
find example <code>.htaccess</code> file which can help you achieve
this in <code>contrib</code> directory in phpMyAdmin.
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="linked-tables">Linked-tables infrastructure</h3>
<p> For a whole set of new features (bookmarks, comments,
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>-history,
tracking mechanism,
<abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>-generation, field contents
transformation, etc.) you need to create a set of special tables. Those
tables can be located in your own database, or in a central database for a
multi-user installation (this database would then be accessed by the
controluser, so no other user should have rights to it).</p>
<p> Please look at your <tt>./scripts/</tt> directory, where you should find a
file called <i>create_tables.sql</i>. (If you are using a Windows server, pay
special attention to <a href="#faq1_23">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 1.23</a>).</p>
<p> If you already had this infrastructure and upgraded to MySQL 4.1.2
or newer, please use <i>./scripts/upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</i>.</p>
<p> You can use your phpMyAdmin to create the tables for you. Please be aware
that you may need special (administrator) privileges to create the database
and tables, and that the script may need some tuning, depending on the
database name.</p>
<p> After having imported the <i>./scripts/create_tables.sql</i> file, you
should specify the table names in your <i>./config.inc.php</i> file. The
directives used for that can be found in the <a href="#config">Configuration
section</a>. You will also need to have a controluser with the proper rights
to those tables (see section <a href="#authentication_modes">Using
authentication modes</a> below).</p>
<h3 id="upgrading">Upgrading from an older version</h3>
<p> Simply copy <i>./config.inc.php</i> from your previous installation into the newly
unpacked one. Configuration files from old versions may
require some tweaking as some options have been changed or removed; in
particular, the definition of <tt>$cfg['AttributeTypes']</tt> has changed
so you better remove it from your file and just use the default one.
For compatibility with PHP 6, remove a <tt>set_magic_quotes_runtime(0);</tt>
statement that you might find near the end of your configuration file.</p>
<p> You should <strong>not</strong> copy <tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt>
over <tt>config.inc.php</tt> because the default configuration file
is version-specific.</p>
<p> If you have upgraded your MySQL server from a version previous to 4.1.2 to
version 4.1.2 or newer and if you use the pmadb/linked table infrastructure,
you should run the SQL script found in
<tt>scripts/upgrade_tables_mysql_4_1_2+.sql</tt>.</p>
<h3 id="authentication_modes">Using authentication modes</h3>
<ul><li><abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> and cookie
authentication modes are recommended in a <b>multi-user environment</b>
where you want to give users access to their own database and don't want
them to play around with others.<br />
Nevertheless be aware that MS Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy
about cookies, at least till version 6, and PHP 4.1.1 is also a bit buggy
in this area!<br />
Even in a <b>single-user environment</b>, you might prefer to use
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or cookie mode so
that your user/password pair are not in clear in the configuration file.
</li>
<li><abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> and cookie
authentication modes are more secure: the MySQL login information does
not need to be set in the phpMyAdmin configuration file (except possibly
for the <a href="#controluser">controluser</a>).<br />
However, keep in mind that the password travels in plain text, unless
you are using the HTTPS protocol.<br />
In cookie mode, the password is stored, encrypted with the blowfish
algorithm, in a temporary cookie.</li>
<li>Note: starting with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, this section is only applicable if
your MySQL server is running with <tt>--skip-show-database</tt>.<br /><br />
For '<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>' and 'cookie'
modes, phpMyAdmin needs a controluser that has <b>only</b> the
<tt>SELECT</tt> privilege on the <i>`mysql`.`user` (all columns except
`Password`)</i>, <i>`mysql`.`db` (all columns)</i>, <i>`mysql`.`host`
(all columns)</i> and <i>`mysql`.`tables_priv` (all columns except
`Grantor` and `Timestamp`)</i> tables.<br /> You must specify the details
for the <a href="#controluser">controluser</a> in the <tt>config.inc.php</tt>
file under the
<tt><a href="#cfg_Servers_controluser" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</a></tt> and
<tt><a href="#cfg_Servers_controlpass" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</a></tt> settings.<br />
The following example assumes you want to use <tt>pma</tt> as the
controluser and <tt>pmapass</tt> as the controlpass, but <b>this is
only an example: use something else in your file!</b> Input these
statements from the phpMyAdmin SQL Query window or mysql command–line
client.<br />
Of course you have to replace <tt>localhost</tt> with the webserver's host
if it's not the same as the MySQL server's one.
<pre>
GRANT USAGE ON mysql.* TO 'pma'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'pmapass';
GRANT SELECT (
Host, User, Select_priv, Insert_priv, Update_priv, Delete_priv,
Create_priv, Drop_priv, Reload_priv, Shutdown_priv, Process_priv,
File_priv, Grant_priv, References_priv, Index_priv, Alter_priv,
Show_db_priv, Super_priv, Create_tmp_table_priv, Lock_tables_priv,
Execute_priv, Repl_slave_priv, Repl_client_priv
) ON mysql.user TO 'pma'@'localhost';
GRANT SELECT ON mysql.db TO 'pma'@'localhost';
GRANT SELECT ON mysql.host TO 'pma'@'localhost';
GRANT SELECT (Host, Db, User, Table_name, Table_priv, Column_priv)
ON mysql.tables_priv TO 'pma'@'localhost';</pre>
If you want to use the many new relation and bookmark features:
<pre>
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON <pma_db>.* TO 'pma'@'localhost';
</pre>
(this of course requires that your <a href="#linked-tables">linked-tables
infrastructure</a> be set up).<br /></li>
<li>Then each of the <i>true</i> users should be granted a set of privileges
on a set of particular databases. Normally you shouldn't give global
privileges to an ordinary user, unless you understand the impact of those
privileges (for example, you are creating a superuser).<br />
For example, to grant the user <i>real_user</i> with all privileges on
the database <i>user_base</i>:<br />
<pre>
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON user_base.* TO 'real_user'@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'real_password';
</pre>
What the user may now do is controlled entirely by the MySQL user
management system.<br />
With <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or cookie
authentication mode, you don't need to fill the user/password fields
inside the <a href="#cfg_Servers" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers']</a>
array.</li>
</ul>
<h4>'<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>' authentication mode</h4>
<ul><li>Uses <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> Basic authentication
method and allows you to log in as any valid MySQL user.</li>
<li>Is supported with most PHP configurations. For
<abbr title="Internet Information Services">IIS</abbr>
(<abbr title="Internet Server Application Programming Interface">ISAPI</abbr>)
support using <abbr title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</abbr> PHP see
<a href="#faq1_32"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr>
1.32</a>, for using with Apache
<abbr title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</abbr> see
<a href="#faq1_35"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr>
1.35</a>.</li>
<li>See also <a href="#faq4_4">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 4.4</a> about not
using the <i>.htaccess</i> mechanism along with
'<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>' authentication
mode.</li>
</ul>
<h4>'cookie' authentication mode</h4>
<ul><li>You can use this method as a replacement for the
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> authentication
(for example, if you're running
<abbr title="Internet Information Services">IIS</abbr>).</li>
<li>Obviously, the user must enable cookies in the browser, but this is
now a requirement for all authentication modes.</li>
<li>With this mode, the user can truly log out of phpMyAdmin and log in back
with the same username.</li>
<li>If you want to log in to arbitrary server see
<a href="#AllowArbitraryServer" class="configrule">
$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</a> directive.</li>
<li>As mentioned in the <a href="#require">requirements</a> section, having
the <tt>mcrypt</tt> extension will speed up access considerably, but is
not required.</li>
</ul>
<h4>'signon' authentication mode</h4>
<ul><li>This mode is a convenient way of using credentials from another
application to authenticate to phpMyAdmin.</li>
<li>The other application has to store login information into
session data.</li>
<li>More details in the <a href="#cfg_Servers_auth_type">auth_type</a>
section.</li>
</ul>
<h4>'config' authentication mode</h4>
<ul><li>This mode is the less secure one because it requires you to fill the
<a href="#servers_user" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user']</a> and
<a href="#servers_user" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']</a> fields (and as a result, anyone who
can read your config.inc.php can discover your username and password).
<br />
But you don't need to setup a "controluser" here: using the
<a href="#servers_only_db" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db']</a> might be enough.</li>
<li>In the <a href="#faqmultiuser">
<abbr title="Internet service provider">ISP</abbr>
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr></a> section, there
is an entry explaining how to protect your configuration file.</li>
<li>For additional security in this mode, you may wish to consider the Host
authentication
<a href="#servers_allowdeny_order" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order']</a> and
<a href="#servers_allowdeny_rules" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</a> configuration
directives.</li>
<li>Unlike cookie and http, does not require a user to log in when first
loading the phpMyAdmin site. This is by design but could allow any
user to access your installation. Use of some restriction method is
suggested, perhaps a <a href="#glossary">.htaccess</a> file with the
HTTP-AUTH directive or disallowing incoming HTTP requests at
one’s router or firewall will suffice (both of which
are beyond the scope of this manual but easily searchable with Google).</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="swekey">Swekey authentication</h4>
<p>
The Swekey is a low cost authentication USB key that can be used in
web applications.<br /><br />
When Swekey authentication is activated, phpMyAdmin requires the
users's Swekey to be plugged before entering the login page (currently
supported for cookie authentication mode only). Swekey Authentication is
disabled by default.<br /><br />
To enable it, add the following line to <tt>config.inc.php</tt>:
</p>
<pre>
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_swekey_config'] = '/etc/swekey.conf';
</pre>
<p>
You then have to create the <tt>swekey.conf</tt> file that will associate
each user with their Swekey Id. It is important to place this file outside
of your web server's document root (in the example, it is located in <tt>/etc</tt>). A self documented sample file is provided
in the <tt>contrib</tt> directory. Feel free to use it with your own
users' information.<br /><br />
If you want to purchase a Swekey please visit
<a href="http://phpmyadmin.net/auth_key">http://phpmyadmin.net/auth_key</a>
since this link provides funding for phpMyAdmin.
</p>
<!-- CONFIGURATION -->
<h2 id="config">Configuration</h2>
<p> <span class="important">Warning for <acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym>
users:</span> PHP does not seem to like
<acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym> end of lines character
("<tt>\r</tt>"). So ensure you choose the option that allows to use
the *nix end of line character ("<tt>\n</tt>") in your text editor
before saving a script you have modified.</p>
<p> <span class="important">Configuration note:</span>
Almost all configurable data is placed in <tt>config.inc.php</tt>. If this file
does not exist, please refer to the <a href="#setup">Quick install</a>
section to create one. This file only needs to contain the parameters you want to
change from their corresponding default value in
<tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt>.</p>
<p> The parameters which relate to design (like colors) are placed in
<tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>. You might also want to create
<i>config.footer.inc.php</i> and <i>config.header.inc.php</i> files to add
your site specific code to be included on start and end of each page.</p>
<dl><dt id="cfg_PmaAbsoluteUri">$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri'] string</dt>
<dd>Sets here the complete <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr>
(with full path) to your phpMyAdmin installation's directory.
E.g. <tt>http://www.your_web.net/path_to_your_phpMyAdmin_directory/</tt>.
Note also that the <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr> on
some web servers are case–sensitive.
Don’t forget the trailing slash at the end.<br /><br />
Starting with version 2.3.0, it is advisable to try leaving this
blank. In most cases phpMyAdmin automatically detects the proper
setting. Users of port forwarding will need to set PmaAbsoluteUri (<a
href="https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=1340187&group_id=23067&atid=377409">more info</a>).
A good test is to browse a table, edit a row and save it. There should
be an error message if phpMyAdmin is having trouble auto–detecting
the correct value. If you get an error that this must be set or if
the autodetect code fails to detect your path, please post a bug
report on our bug tracker so we can improve the code.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_PmaNoRelation_DisableWarning">$cfg['PmaNoRelation_DisableWarning'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Starting with version 2.3.0 phpMyAdmin offers a lot of features to work
with master / foreign – tables (see
<a href="#pmadb" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</a>).
<br />
If you tried to set this up and it does not work for you, have a look on
the "Structure" page of one database where you would like to
use it. You will find a link that will analyze why those features have
been disabled.<br />
If you do not want to use those features set this variable to
<tt>TRUE</tt> to stop this message from appearing.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SuhosinDisableWarning">$cfg['SuhosinDisableWarning'] boolean</dt>
<dd>A warning is displayed on the main page if Suhosin is detected.
You can set this parameter to <tt>TRUE</tt> to stop this message
from appearing.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_McryptDisableWarning">$cfg['McryptDisableWarning'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Disable the default warning that is displayed if mcrypt is missing for
cookie authentication.
You can set this parameter to <tt>TRUE</tt> to stop this message
from appearing.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_AllowThirdPartyFraming">$cfg['AllowThirdPartyFraming'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Setting this to <tt>true</tt> allows a page located on a different
domain to call phpMyAdmin inside a frame, and is a potential security
hole allowing cross-frame scripting attacks.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_blowfish_secret">$cfg['blowfish_secret'] string</dt>
<dd>The "cookie" auth_type uses blowfish
algorithm to encrypt the password.<br />
If you are using the "cookie" auth_type, enter here a random
passphrase of your choice. It will be used internally by the blowfish
algorithm: you won’t be prompted for this passphrase. There is
no maximum length for this secret.<br /><br />
Since version 3.1.0 phpMyAdmin can generate this on the fly, but it
makes a bit weaker security as this generated secret is stored in
session and furthermore it makes impossible to recall user name from
cookie.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers">$cfg['Servers'] array</dt>
<dd>Since version 1.4.2, phpMyAdmin supports the administration of multiple
MySQL servers. Therefore, a
<a href="#cfg_Servers" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers']</a>-array has
been added which contains the login information for the different servers.
The first
<a href="#cfg_Servers_host" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']</a>
contains the hostname of the first server, the second
<a href="#cfg_Servers_host" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']</a>
the hostname of the second server, etc. In
<tt>./libraries/config.default.php</tt>, there is only one section for
server definition, however you can put as many as you need in
<tt>./config.inc.php</tt>, copy that block or needed parts (you don't
have to define all settings, just those you need to change).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_host">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] string</dt>
<dd>The hostname or <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> address of your
$i-th MySQL-server. E.g. localhost.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_port">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['port'] string</dt>
<dd>The port-number of your $i-th MySQL-server. Default is 3306 (leave
blank). If you use "localhost" as the hostname, MySQL
ignores this port number and connects with the socket, so if you want
to connect to a port different from the default port, use
"127.0.0.1" or the real hostname in
<a href="#cfg_Servers_host" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host']</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_socket">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket'] string</dt>
<dd>The path to the socket to use. Leave blank for default.<br />
To determine the correct socket, check your MySQL configuration or, using the
<tt>mysql</tt> command–line client, issue the <tt>status</tt> command.
Among the resulting information displayed will be the socket used.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_ssl">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['ssl'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to enable SSL for connection to MySQL server.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_connect_type">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] string</dt>
<dd>What type connection to use with the MySQL server. Your options are
<tt>'socket'</tt> and <tt>'tcp'</tt>. It defaults to 'tcp' as that
is nearly guaranteed to be available on all MySQL servers, while
sockets are not supported on some platforms.<br /><br />
To use the socket mode, your MySQL server must be on the same machine
as the Web server.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_extension">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] string</dt>
<dd>What php MySQL extension to use for the connection. Valid options are:
<br /><br />
<tt><i>mysql</i></tt> :
The classic MySQL extension. This is the recommended and default
method at this time.<br /><br />
<tt><i>mysqli</i></tt> :
The improved MySQL extension. This extension became available
with php 5.0.0 and is the recommended way to connect to a server
running MySQL 4.1.x or newer.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_compress">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to use a compressed protocol for the MySQL server connection
or not (experimental).<br />
This feature requires PHP >= 4.3.0.</dd>
<dt id="controluser">
<span id="cfg_Servers_controluser">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</span> string<br />
<span id="cfg_Servers_controlpass">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>This special account is used for 2 distinct purposes: to make possible
all relational features (see
<a href="#pmadb" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</a>)
and, for a MySQL server previous to 4.1.2 or running with
<tt>--skip-show-database</tt>, to enable a multi-user installation
(<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or cookie
authentication mode).<br /><br />
When using <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or
cookie authentication modes (or 'config'
authentication mode since phpMyAdmin 2.2.1), you need to supply the
details of a MySQL account that has <tt>SELECT</tt> privilege on the
<i>mysql.user (all columns except "Password")</i>,
<i>mysql.db (all columns)</i> and <i>mysql.tables_priv (all columns
except "Grantor" and "Timestamp") </i>tables.
This account is used to check what databases the user will see at
login.<br />
Please see the <a href="#setup">install section</a> on
"Using authentication modes" for more information.<br /><br />
In phpMyAdmin versions before 2.2.5, those were called
"stduser/stdpass".</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_auth_type">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] string
<tt>['<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>'|'http'|'cookie'|'config'|'signon']</tt></dt>
<dd>Whether config or cookie or
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or signon authentication
should be used for this server.
<ul><li>'config' authentication (<tt>$auth_type = 'config'</tt>)
is the plain old way: username and password are stored in
<i>config.inc.php</i>.</li>
<li>'cookie' authentication mode
(<tt>$auth_type = 'cookie'</tt>) as introduced in
2.2.3 allows you to log in as any valid MySQL user with the
help of cookies. Username and password are stored in
cookies during the session and password is deleted when it
ends. This can also allow you to log in in arbitrary server if
<tt><a href="#AllowArbitraryServer" class="configrule">$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</a></tt> enabled.
</li>
<li>'<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>' authentication (was called 'advanced' in previous versions and can be written also as 'http')
(<tt>$auth_type = '<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>'</tt>) as introduced in 1.3.0
allows you to log in as any valid MySQL user via HTTP-Auth.</li>
<li>'signon' authentication mode
(<tt>$auth_type = 'signon'</tt>)
as introduced in 2.10.0 allows you to log in from prepared PHP
session data. This is useful for implementing single signon
from another application. Sample way how to seed session is in
signon example: <code>scripts/signon.php</code>. You need to
configure <a href="#cfg_Servers_SignonSession"
class="configrule">session name</a> and <a
href="#cfg_Servers_SignonURL" class="configrule">signon
URL</a> to use this authentication method.</li>
</ul>
Please see the <a href="#setup">install section</a> on "Using authentication modes"
for more information.
</dd>
<dt id="servers_auth_swekey_config">
<span id="cfg_Servers_auth_swekey_config">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_swekey_config']</span> string<br />
</dt>
<dd>
The name of the file containing <a href="#swekey">Swekey</a> ids and login
names for hardware authentication. Leave empty to deactivate this feature.
</dd>
<dt id="servers_user">
<span id="cfg_Servers_user">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['user']</span> string<br />
<span id="cfg_Servers_password">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['password']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>
When using auth_type = 'config', this is the user/password-pair
which phpMyAdmin will use to connect to the
MySQL server. This user/password pair is not needed when <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or
cookie authentication is used and should be empty.</dd>
<dt id="servers_nopassword">
<span
id="cfg_Servers_nopassword">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['nopassword']</span> boolean
</dt>
<dd>
Allow attempt to log in without password when a login with password
fails. This can be used together with http authentication, when
authentication is done some other way and phpMyAdmin gets user name
from auth and uses empty password for connecting to MySQL. Password
login is still tried first, but as fallback, no password method is
tried.</dd>
<dt id="servers_only_db">
<span id="cfg_Servers_only_db">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db']</span> string or array
</dt>
<dd>
If set to a (an array of) database name(s), only this (these) database(s)
will be shown to the user. Since phpMyAdmin 2.2.1, this/these
database(s) name(s) may contain MySQL wildcards characters
("_" and "%"): if you want to use literal instances
of these characters, escape them (I.E. use <tt>'my\_db'</tt> and not
<tt>'my_db'</tt>).<br />
This setting is an efficient way to lower the server load since the
latter does not need to send MySQL requests to build the available
database list. But <span class="important">it does not replace the
privileges rules of the MySQL database server</span>. If set, it just
means only these databases will be displayed but
<span class="important">not that all other databases can't be used.</span>
<br /><br />
An example of using more that one database:
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db'] = array('db1', 'db2');</tt>
<br /><br />
As of phpMyAdmin 2.5.5 the order inside the array is used for sorting the
databases in the left frame, so that you can individually arrange your databases.<br />
If you want to have certain databases at the top, but don't care about the others, you do not
need to specify all other databases. Use:
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['only_db'] = array('db3', 'db4', '*');</tt>
instead to tell phpMyAdmin that it should display db3 and db4 on top, and the rest in alphabetic
order.</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_hide_db">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['hide_db']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>Regular expression for hiding some databases. This only hides them
from listing, but a user is still able to access them (using, for example,
the SQL query area). To limit access, use the MySQL privilege system.
<br /><br />
For example, to hide all databases starting with the letter "a", use<br />
<pre>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['hide_db'] = '^a';</pre>
and to hide both "db1" and "db2" use <br />
<pre>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['hide_db'] = '(db1|db2)';</pre>
More information on regular expressions can be found in the
<a href="http://php.net/manual/en/reference.pcre.pattern.syntax.php">
PCRE pattern syntax</a> portion of the PHP reference manual.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Servers_verbose">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose'] string</dt>
<dd>Only useful when using phpMyAdmin with multiple server entries. If set,
this string will be displayed instead of the hostname in the pull-down
menu on the main page. This can be useful if you want to show only
certain databases on your system, for example. For HTTP auth, all
non-US-ASCII characters will be stripped.</dd>
<dt id="pmadb">
<span id="cfg_Servers_pmadb">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>The name of the database containing the linked-tables infrastructure.
<br /><br />
See the <a href="#linked-tables">Linked-tables infrastructure</a>
section in this document to see the benefits of this infrastructure,
and for a quick way of creating this database and the needed tables.
<br /><br />
If you are the only user of this phpMyAdmin installation, you can
use your current database to store those special tables; in this
case, just put your current database name in
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pmadb']</tt>. For a multi-user installation,
set this parameter to the name of your central database containing
the linked-tables infrastructure.</dd>
<dt id="bookmark">
<span id="cfg_Servers_bookmarktable">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['bookmarktable']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>Since release 2.2.0 phpMyAdmin allows users to bookmark queries. This can be
useful for queries you often run.<br /><br />
To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li>
<li>enter the table name in
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['bookmarktable']</tt></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt id="relation">
<span id="cfg_Servers_relation">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['relation']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>Since release 2.2.4 you can describe, in a special 'relation' table,
which field is a key in another table (a foreign key). phpMyAdmin
currently uses this to
<ul><li>make clickable, when you browse the master table, the data values
that point to the foreign table;</li>
<li>display in an optional tool-tip the "display field"
when browsing the master table, if you move the mouse to a column
containing a foreign key (use also the 'table_info' table);<br />
(see <a href="#faqdisplay"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">
FAQ</abbr> 6.7</a>)</li>
<li>in edit/insert mode, display a drop-down list of possible foreign
keys (key value and "display field" are shown)<br />
(see <a href="#faq6_21"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">
FAQ</abbr> 6.21</a>)</li>
<li>display links on the table properties page, to check referential
integrity (display missing foreign keys) for each described key;
</li>
<li>in query-by-example, create automatic joins (see <a href="#faq6_6">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 6.6</a>)</li>
<li>enable you to get a <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>
schema of your database (also uses the table_coords table).</li>
</ul>
The keys can be numeric or character.<br /><br />
To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables
infrastructure</li>
<li>put the relation table name in
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['relation']</tt></li>
<li>now as normal user open phpMyAdmin and for each one of your
tables where you want to use this feature, click
"Structure/Relation view/" and choose foreign fields.
</li>
</ul>
Please note that in the current version, <tt>master_db</tt>
must be the same as <tt>foreign_db</tt>. Those fields have been put in
future development of the cross-db relations.
</dd>
<dt id="table_info">
<span id="cfg_Servers_table_info">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_info']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>
Since release 2.3.0 you can describe, in a special 'table_info'
table, which field is to be displayed as a tool-tip when moving the
cursor over the corresponding key.<br />
This configuration variable will hold the name of this special
table. To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li>
<li>put the table name in
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_info']</tt></li>
<li>then for each table where you want to use this feature,
click "Structure/Relation view/Choose field to display"
to choose the field.</li>
</ul>
Usage tip: <a href="#faqdisplay">Display field</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="table_coords">
<span id="cfg_Servers_table_coords">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_coords']</span> string<br />
<span id="cfg_Servers_pdf_pages">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pdf_pages']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>Since release 2.3.0 you can have phpMyAdmin create
<abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr> pages showing
the relations between your tables. To do this it needs two tables
"pdf_pages" (storing information about the available
<abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>
pages) and "table_coords" (storing coordinates where each
table will be placed on a <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>
schema output).<br /><br />
You must be using the "relation" feature.<br /><br />
To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables
infrastructure</li>
<li>put the correct table names in
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['table_coords']</tt> and
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['pdf_pages']</tt></li>
</ul>
Usage tips: <a href="#faqpdf"><abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr> output</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="col_com">
<span id="cfg_Servers_column_info">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info']</span> string
</dt>
<dd><!-- This part requires a content update! -->
Since release 2.3.0 you can store comments to describe each column for
each table. These will then be shown on the "printview".
<br /><br />
Starting with release 2.5.0, comments are consequently used on the table
property pages and table browse view, showing up as tool-tips above the
column name (properties page) or embedded within the header of table in
browse view. They can also be shown in a table dump. Please see the
relevant configuration directives later on.<br /><br />
Also new in release 2.5.0 is a MIME-transformation system which is also
based on the following table structure. See <a href="#transformations">
Transformations</a> for further information. To use the
MIME-transformation system, your column_info table has to have the three
new fields 'mimetype', 'transformation', 'transformation_options'.
<br /><br />
To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables
infrastructure</li>
<li>put the table name in
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info']</tt></li>
<li>to update your PRE-2.5.0 Column_comments Table use this:
<pre>
ALTER TABLE `pma_column_comments`
ADD `mimetype` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL,
ADD `transformation` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL,
ADD `transformation_options` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL;
</pre>
and remember that the Variable in <i>config.inc.php</i> has been
renamed from<br />
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_comments']</tt> to
<tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['column_info']</tt></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt id="history">
<span id="cfg_Servers_history">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['history']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>Since release 2.5.0 you can store your
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> history, which means
all queries you entered manually into the phpMyAdmin interface. If you
don't want to use a table-based history, you can use the JavaScript-based
history. Using that, all your history items are deleted when closing the
window.<br /><br />
Using
<a href="#cfg_QueryHistoryMax" class="configrule">$cfg['QueryHistoryMax']</a>
you can specify an amount of history items you want to have on hold. On
every login, this list gets cut to the maximum amount.<br /><br />
The query history is only available if JavaScript is enabled in your
browser.<br /><br />
To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables
infrastructure</li>
<li>put the table name in <tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['history']</tt>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt id="tracking">
<span id="cfg_Servers_tracking">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>
Since release 3.3.x a tracking mechanism is available.
It helps you to track every <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> command which
is executed by phpMyAdmin. The mechanism supports logging of data manipulation
and data definition statements. After enabling it you can create versions of tables.
<br/><br/>
The creation of a version has two effects:
<ul>
<li>phpMyAdmin saves a snapshot of the table, including structure and indexes.</li>
<li>phpMyAdmin logs all commands which change the structure and/or data of the table and links these commands with the version number.</li>
</ul>
Of course you can view the tracked changes. On the "Tracking" page a complete report is available for every version.
For the report you can use filters, for example you can get a list of statements within a date range.
When you want to filter usernames you can enter * for all names or you enter a list of names separated by ','.
In addition you can export the (filtered) report to a file or to a temporary database.
<br/><br/>
To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul>
<li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables infrastructure</li>
<li>put the table name in <tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking']</tt></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt id="tracking2">
<span id="cfg_Servers_tracking_auto_create">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking_version_auto_create']</span> boolean
</dt>
<dd>
Whether the tracking mechanism creates versions for tables and views automatically. Default value is false.
<br/><br/>
If this is set to true and you create a table or view with
<ul>
<li>CREATE TABLE ...</li>
<li>CREATE VIEW ...</li>
</ul>
and no version exists for it, the mechanism will
create a version for you automatically.
</dd>
<dt id="tracking3">
<span id="cfg_Servers_tracking_default_statements">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking_default_statements']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>
Defines the list of statements the auto-creation uses for new versions. Default value is
<br/>
<pre>CREATE TABLE,ALTER TABLE,DROP TABLE,RENAME TABLE,
CREATE INDEX,DROP INDEX,
INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,TRUNCATE,REPLACE,
CREATE VIEW,ALTER VIEW,DROP VIEW,
CREATE DATABASE,ALTER DATABASE,DROP DATABASE</pre>
</dd>
<dt id="tracking4">
<span id="cfg_Servers_tracking_drop_view">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking_version_drop_view']</span> boolean
</dt>
<dd>
Whether a DROP VIEW IF EXISTS statement will added as first line to the log when creating a view. Default value is true.
<br/><br/>
</dd>
<dt id="tracking5">
<span id="cfg_Servers_tracking_drop_table">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking_version_drop_table']</span> boolean
</dt>
<dd>
Whether a DROP TABLE IF EXISTS statement will added as first line to the log when creating a table. Default value is true.
<br/><br/>
</dd>
<dt id="tracking6">
<span id="cfg_Servers_tracking_drop_database">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['tracking_version_drop_database']</span> boolean
</dt>
<dd>
Whether a DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS statement will added as first line to the log when creating a database. Default value is true.
<br/><br/>
</dd>
<dt id="designer_coords">
<span id="cfg_Servers_designer_coords">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['designer_coords']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>Since release 2.10.0 a Designer interface is available; it permits
to visually manage the relations.
<br /><br />
To allow the usage of this functionality:
<ul><li>set up <a href="#pmadb">pmadb</a> and the linked-tables
infrastructure</li>
<li>put the table name in <tt>$cfg['Servers'][$i]['designer_coords']</tt>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_verbose_check">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose_check']</span> boolean
</dt>
<dd>Because release 2.5.0 introduced the new MIME-transformation support, the
column_info table got enhanced with three new fields. If the above variable
is set to <tt>TRUE</tt> (default) phpMyAdmin will check if you have the
latest table structure available. If not, it will emit a warning to the
superuser.<br /><br />
You can disable this checking behavior by setting the variable to false,
which should offer a performance increase.<br /><br />
Recommended to set to FALSE, when you are sure, your table structure is
up to date.</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_AllowRoot">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowRoot']</span>
boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to allow root access. This is just a shortcut for the AllowDeny rules below.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_AllowNoPassword">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword']</span>
boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to allow logins without a password. The default
value of <tt>false</tt> for this parameter prevents unintended access
to a MySQL server with was left with an empty password for root or
on which an anonymous (blank) user is defined.
</dd>
<dt id="servers_allowdeny_order">
<span id="cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_order">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>If your rule order is empty, then <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr>
authentication is disabled.<br /><br />
If your rule order is set to <tt>'deny,allow'</tt> then the system applies
all deny rules followed by allow rules. Access is allowed by default. Any
client which does not match a Deny command or does match an Allow command
will be allowed access to the server. <br /><br />
If your rule order is set to <tt>'allow,deny'</tt> then the system
applies all allow rules followed by deny rules. Access is denied by
default. Any client which does not match an Allow directive or does
match a Deny directive will be denied access to the server.<br /><br />
If your rule order is set to 'explicit', the authentication is
performed in a similar fashion to rule order 'deny,allow', with the
added restriction that your host/username combination <b>must</b> be
listed in the <i>allow</i> rules, and not listed in the <i>deny</i>
rules. This is the <b>most</b> secure means of using Allow/Deny rules,
and was available in Apache by specifying allow and deny rules without
setting any order.<br /><br />
Please also see <a
href="#cfg_TrustedProxies">$cfg['TrustedProxies']</a> for detecting IP
address behind proxies.
</dd>
<dt id="servers_allowdeny_rules">
<span id="cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_rules">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</span> array of strings
</dt>
<dd>The general format for the rules is as such:
<pre>
<'allow' | 'deny'> <username> [from] <ipmask>
</pre>
If you wish to match all users, it is possible to use a <tt>'%'</tt> as
a wildcard in the <i>username</i> field.<br />
There are a few shortcuts you can use in the <i>ipmask</i> field as
well (please note that those containing SERVER_ADDRESS might not be
available on all webservers):
<pre>
'all' -> 0.0.0.0/0
'localhost' -> 127.0.0.1/8
'localnetA' -> SERVER_ADDRESS/8
'localnetB' -> SERVER_ADDRESS/16
'localnetC' -> SERVER_ADDRESS/24
</pre>
Having an empty rule list is equivalent to either using
<tt>'allow % from all'</tt> if your rule order is set to
<tt>'deny,allow'</tt> or <tt>'deny % from all'</tt> if your rule order
is set to <tt>'allow,deny'</tt> or <tt>'explicit'</tt>.<br /><br />
For the <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> matching system, the
following work:<br />
<tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</tt> (an exact <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> address)<br />
<tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.[yyy-zzz]</tt> (an <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> address range)<br />
<tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/nn</tt> (CIDR, Classless Inter-Domain Routing type <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> addresses)<br />
But the following does not work:<br />
<tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xx[yyy-zzz]</tt> (partial
<abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> address range)<br />
Also IPv6 addresses are not supported.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_DisableIS">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['DisableIS']</span> boolean</dt>
<dd>Disable using <tt>INFORMATION_SCHEMA</tt> to retrieve information (use <tt>SHOW</tt> commands instead), because of speed issues when many databases are present. Currently used in some parts of the code, more to come.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_ShowDatabasesCommand">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['ShowDatabasesCommand']</span> string</dt>
<dd>On a server with a huge number of databases, the default <tt>SHOW
DATABASES</tt> command used to fetch the name of available databases will
probably be too slow, so it can be replaced by faster commands (see
<tt>libraries/config.default.php</tt> for examples).
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_CountTables">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['CountTables']</span> boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to count the number of tables for each database when preparing the list of databases for the navigation frame.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_SignonSession">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonSession']</span> string</dt>
<dd>Name of session which will be used for signon authentication method.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_SignonURL">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['SignonURL']</span> string</dt>
<dd>URL where user will be redirected to log in for signon authentication method. Should be absolute including protocol.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_Servers_LogoutURL">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['LogoutURL']</span> string</dt>
<dd>URL where user will be redirected after logout (doesn't affect config authentication method). Should be absolute including protocol.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ServerDefault">$cfg['ServerDefault'] integer</dt>
<dd>If you have more than one server configured, you can set
<tt>$cfg['ServerDefault']</tt> to any one of them to autoconnect to
that server when phpMyAdmin is started, or set it to 0 to be given a
list of servers without logging in.<br />
If you have only one server configured, <tt>$cfg['ServerDefault']</tt>
MUST be set to that server.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MaxDbList">$cfg['MaxDbList'] integer</dt>
<dd>The maximum number of database names to be displayed in the
navigation frame and the database list.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MaxTableList">$cfg['MaxTableList'] integer</dt>
<dd>The maximum number of table names to be displayed in the
main panel's list (except on the Export page). This limit is also enforced in the navigation panel
when in Light mode.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MaxCharactersInDisplayedSQL">$cfg['MaxCharactersInDisplayedSQL'] integer</dt>
<dd>The maximum number of characters when a SQL query is displayed. The
default limit of 1000 should be correct to avoid the display of tons
of hexadecimal codes that represent BLOBs, but some users have real
SQL queries that are longer than 1000 characters. Also, if a query's
length exceeds this limit, this query is not saved in the history.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_OBGzip">$cfg['OBGzip'] string/boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to use GZip output buffering for increased
speed in <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> transfers.<br />
Set to true/false for enabling/disabling. When set to 'auto' (string),
phpMyAdmin tries to enable output buffering and will automatically disable
it if your browser has some problems with buffering. IE6 with a certain patch
is known to cause data corruption when having enabled buffering.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_PersistentConnections">$cfg['PersistentConnections'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether persistent connections should be used or not (mysql_connect or
mysql_pconnect).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ForceSSL">$cfg['ForceSSL'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to force using https while accessing phpMyAdmin.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ExecTimeLimit">$cfg['ExecTimeLimit'] integer [number of seconds]</dt>
<dd>Set the number of seconds a script is allowed to run. If seconds is set
to zero, no time limit is imposed.<br />
This setting is used while importing/exporting dump files and in the
Synchronize feature but has no effect when PHP is running in safe mode.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MemoryLimit">$cfg['MemoryLimit'] integer [number of bytes]</dt>
<dd>Set the number of bytes a script is allowed to allocate. If set
to zero, no limit is imposed.<br />
This setting is used while importing/exporting dump files and at some
other places in phpMyAdmin so you definitely don't want to put here
a too low value. It has no effect when PHP is running in safe mode.<br />
You can also use any string as in php.ini, eg. '16M'. Ensure
you don't omit the suffix (16 means 16 bytes!)</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SkipLockedTables">$cfg['SkipLockedTables'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Mark used tables and make it possible to show databases with locked
tables (since MySQL 3.23.30).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowSQL">$cfg['ShowSQL'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> queries
generated by phpMyAdmin should be displayed or not.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_AllowUserDropDatabase">$cfg['AllowUserDropDatabase'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether normal users (non-administrator) are allowed to
delete their own database or not. If set as FALSE, the link "Drop
Database" will not be shown, and even a "DROP DATABASE
mydatabase" will be rejected. Quite practical for
<abbr title="Internet service provider">ISP</abbr>'s with many
customers.<br />
Please note that this limitation of SQL queries is not as strict as
when using MySQL privileges. This is due to nature of SQL queries
which might be quite complicated. So this choice should be viewed as
help to avoid accidental dropping rather than strict privilege
limitation.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Confirm">$cfg['Confirm'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether a warning ("Are your really sure...") should be
displayed when you're about to lose data.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LoginCookieRecall">$cfg['LoginCookieRecall'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Define whether the previous login should be recalled or not in cookie
authentication mode.<br /><br />
This is automatically disabled if you do not have configured
<tt><a href="#cfg_blowfish_secret">$cfg['blowfish_secret']</a></tt>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LoginCookieValidity">$cfg['LoginCookieValidity'] integer [number of seconds]</dt>
<dd>Define how long is login cookie valid. Please note that php
configuration option <a href="http://php.net/manual/en/session.configuration.php#ini.session.gc-maxlifetime">session.gc_maxlifetime</a>
might limit session validity and if session is lost, login cookie is
also invalidated. So it is good idea to set <code>session.gc_maxlifetime</code>
at least as high is $cfg['LoginCookieValidity'] is set.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LoginCookieStore">$cfg['LoginCookieStore'] integer [number of seconds]</dt>
<dd>Define how long is login cookie should be stored in browser. Default 0
means that it will be kept for existing session. This is recommended
for not trusted environments.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LoginCookieDeleteAll">$cfg['LoginCookieDeleteAll'] boolean</dt>
<dd>If enabled (default), logout deletes cookies for all servers,
otherwise only for current one. Setting this to false makes it easy to
forget to log out from other server, when you are using more of
them.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_UseDbSearch">$cfg['UseDbSearch'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Define whether the "search string inside database" is enabled or not.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_IgnoreMultiSubmitErrors">$cfg['IgnoreMultiSubmitErrors'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Define whether phpMyAdmin will continue executing a multi-query
statement if one of the queries fails. Default is to abort execution.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_VerboseMultiSubmit">$cfg['VerboseMultiSubmit'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Define whether phpMyAdmin will output the results of each query of a
multi-query statement embedded into the
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> output as inline
comments. Defaults to <tt>TRUE</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="AllowArbitraryServer">
<span id="cfg_AllowArbitraryServer">$cfg['AllowArbitraryServer']</span> boolean</dt>
<dd>If enabled allows you to log in to arbitrary servers using cookie auth.
<br /><br />
<b>NOTE:</b> Please use this carefully, as this may allow users access to
MySQL servers behind the firewall where your
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> server is placed.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftFrameLight">$cfg['LeftFrameLight'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to use a select-based menu and display only the current
tables in the left frame (smaller page). Only in Non-Lightmode you can
use the feature to display nested folders using
<a href="#cfg_LeftFrameTableSeparator" class="configrule">$cfg['LeftFrameTableSeparator']</a>
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftFrameDBTree">$cfg['LeftFrameDBTree'] boolean</dt>
<dd>In light mode, defines whether to display the names of databases (in the
selector) using a tree, see also
<a href="#cfg_LeftFrameDBSeparator" class="configrule">$cfg['LeftFrameDBSeparator']</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftFrameDBSeparator">$cfg['LeftFrameDBSeparator']
string or array</dt>
<dd>The string used to separate the parts of the database name when showing
them in a tree. Alternatively you can specify more strings in an array
and all of them will be used as a separator.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftFrameTableSeparator">$cfg['LeftFrameTableSeparator'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines a string to be used to nest table spaces. Defaults to '__'.
This means if you have tables like 'first__second__third' this will be
shown as a three-level hierarchy like: first > second > third.
If set to FALSE or empty, the feature is disabled. NOTE: You should
not use this separator at the beginning or end of a
table name or multiple times after another without any other
characters in between.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftFrameTableLevel">$cfg['LeftFrameTableLevel'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines how many sublevels should be displayed when splitting
up tables by the above separator.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowTooltip">$cfg['ShowTooltip'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to display table comment as tool-tip in left frame or
not.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowTooltipAliasDB">$cfg['ShowTooltipAliasDB'] boolean</dt>
<dd>If tool-tips are enabled and a DB comment is set, this will flip the
comment and the real name. That means that if you have a table called
'user0001' and add the comment 'MyName' on it, you will see the name
'MyName' used consequently in the left frame and the tool-tip shows
the real name of the DB.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowTooltipAliasTB">$cfg['ShowTooltipAliasTB'] boolean/string</dt>
<dd>Same as <a href="#cfg_ShowTooltipAliasDB" class="configrule">$cfg['ShowTooltipAliasDB']</a>, except this works for table names.
When setting this to 'nested', the Alias of the Tablename is only used
to split/nest the tables according to the
<a href="#cfg_LeftFrameTableSeparator" class="configrule">$cfg['LeftFrameTableSeparator']</a>
directive. So only the folder is called like the Alias, the tablename itself
stays the real tablename.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftDisplayLogo">$cfg['LeftDisplayLogo'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether or not to display the phpMyAdmin logo at the top of the left frame.
Defaults to <tt>TRUE</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftLogoLink">$cfg['LeftLogoLink'] string</dt>
<dd>Enter URL where logo in the navigation frame will point to.
For use especially with self made theme which changes this.
The default value for this is <tt>main.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftLogoLinkWindow">$cfg['LeftLogoLinkWindow'] string</dt>
<dd>Whether to open the linked page in the main window (<tt>main</tt>)
or in a new one (<tt>new</tt>). Note: use <tt>new</tt> if you are
linking to <tt>phpmyadmin.net</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftDisplayServers">$cfg['LeftDisplayServers'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether or not to display a server choice at the top of the left frame.
Defaults to FALSE.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DisplayServersList">$cfg['DisplayServersList'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to display this server choice as links instead of in a drop-down.
Defaults to FALSE (drop-down).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DisplayDatabasesList">$cfg['DisplayDatabasesList'] boolean or text</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to display database choice in light navigation frame as links
instead of in a drop-down. Defaults to 'auto' - on main page list is
shown, when database is selected, only drop down is displayed.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftDefaultTabTable">$cfg['LeftDefaultTabTable'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines the tab displayed by default when clicking the small
icon next to each table name in the navigation panel. Possible
values: "tbl_structure.php",
"tbl_sql.php", "tbl_select.php",
"tbl_change.php" or "sql.php".</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowStats">$cfg['ShowStats'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether or not to display space usage and statistics about databases
and tables.<br />
Note that statistics requires at least MySQL 3.23.3 and that, at this
date, MySQL doesn't return such information for Berkeley DB tables.</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_ShowServerInfo">$cfg['ShowServerInfo'] </span>boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to display detailed server information on main page.
You can additionally hide more information by using
<tt><a href="#cfg_Servers_verbose">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']</a></tt>.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_ShowPhpInfo">$cfg['ShowPhpInfo'] </span>boolean<br />
<span id="cfg_ShowChgPassword">$cfg['ShowChgPassword'] </span>boolean<br />
<span id="cfg_ShowCreateDb">$cfg['ShowCreateDb'] </span>boolean
</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to display the "PHP information" and
"Change password " links and form for creating database or
not at the starting main (right) frame. This setting
does not check MySQL commands entered directly.<br /><br />
Please note that to block the usage of phpinfo() in scripts, you
have to put this in your <i>php.ini</i>:
<pre>disable_functions = phpinfo()</pre>
Also note that enabling the "Change password " link has no
effect with "config" authentication mode: because of the
hard coded password value in the configuration file, end users can't
be allowed to change their passwords.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SuggestDBName">$cfg['SuggestDBName'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to suggest a database name on the
"Create Database" form or to keep the textfield empty.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_NavigationBarIconic">$cfg['NavigationBarIconic'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines whether navigation bar buttons and the right panel top menu
contain text or symbols only. A value of TRUE displays icons, FALSE
displays text and 'both' displays both icons and text.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowAll">$cfg['ShowAll'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether a user should be displayed a
"show all (records)" button in browse mode or not.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MaxRows">$cfg['MaxRows'] integer</dt>
<dd>Number of rows displayed when browsing a result set. If the result set
contains more rows, "Previous" and "Next" links will be shown.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Order">$cfg['Order'] string [<tt>DESC</tt>|<tt>ASC</tt>|<tt>SMART</tt>]</dt>
<dd>Defines whether fields are displayed in ascending (<tt>ASC</tt>) order,
in descending (<tt>DESC</tt>) order or in a "smart"
(<tt>SMART</tt>) order - I.E. descending order for fields of type TIME,
DATE, DATETIME and TIMESTAMP, ascending order else- by default.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DisplayBinaryAsHex">$cfg['DisplayBinaryAsHex'] boolean </dt>
<dd>Defines whether the "Show binary contents as HEX" browse
option is ticked by default.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ProtectBinary">$cfg['ProtectBinary'] boolean or string</dt>
<dd>Defines whether <tt>BLOB</tt> or <tt>BINARY</tt> fields are protected
from editing when browsing a table's content. Valid values are:
<ul><li><tt>FALSE</tt> to allow editing of all fields;</li>
<li><tt>'blob'</tt> to allow editing of all fields except <tt>BLOBS</tt>;</li>
<li><tt>'all'</tt> to disallow editing of all <tt>BINARY</tt> or
<tt>BLOB</tt> fields.</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowFunctionFields">$cfg['ShowFunctionFields'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Defines whether or not MySQL functions fields should be initially
displayed in edit/insert mode. Since version 2.10, the user can
toggle this setting from the interface.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_CharEditing">$cfg['CharEditing'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines which type of editing controls should be used for CHAR and
VARCHAR fields. Possible values are:
<ul><li>input - this allows to limit size of text to size of field in
MySQL, but has problems with newlines in fields</li>
<li>textarea - no problems with newlines in fields, but also no
length limitations</li>
</ul>
Default is old behavior so input.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_InsertRows">$cfg['InsertRows'] integer</dt>
<dd>Defines the maximum number of concurrent entries for the Insert page.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ForeignKeyMaxLimit">$cfg['ForeignKeyMaxLimit'] integer</dt>
<dd>If there are fewer items than this in the set of foreign keys, then a
drop-down box of foreign keys is presented, in the style described by the
<a href="#cfg_ForeignKeyDropdownOrder" class="configrule">$cfg['ForeignKeyDropdownOrder']</a>
setting.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ForeignKeyDropdownOrder">$cfg['ForeignKeyDropdownOrder'] array</dt>
<dd>For the foreign key drop-down fields, there are several methods of
display, offering both the key and value data. The contents of the
array should be one or both of the following strings:
<i>'content-id'</i>, <i>'id-content'</i>.</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_ZipDump">$cfg['ZipDump'] </span>boolean<br />
<span id="cfg_GZipDump">$cfg['GZipDump'] </span>boolean<br />
<span id="cfg_BZipDump">$cfg['BZipDump'] </span>boolean
</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to allow the use of zip/GZip/BZip2 compression when
creating a dump file</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_CompressOnFly">$cfg['CompressOnFly'] </span>boolean<br />
</dt>
<dd>Defines whether to allow on the fly compression for GZip/BZip2
compressed exports. This doesn't affect smaller dumps and allows users to
create larger dumps that won't otherwise fit in memory due to php
memory limit. Produced files contain more GZip/BZip2 headers, but all
normal programs handle this correctly.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LightTabs">$cfg['LightTabs'] boolean</dt>
<dd>If set to <tt>TRUE</tt>, use less graphically intense tabs on the top of the
mainframe.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_PropertiesIconic">$cfg['PropertiesIconic'] string</dt>
<dd>If set to <tt>TRUE</tt>, will display icons instead of text for db and table
properties links (like 'Browse', 'Select', 'Insert', ...).<br /> Can be
set to <tt>'both'</tt> if you want icons AND text.<br />
When set to <tt>FALSE</tt>, will only show text.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_PropertiesNumColumns">$cfg['PropertiesNumColumns'] integer</dt>
<dd>How many columns will be utilized to display the tables on the
database property view? Default is 1 column. When setting this to a
value larger than 1, the type of the database will be omitted for more
display space.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultTabServer">$cfg['DefaultTabServer'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines the tab displayed by default on server view. Possible
values: "main.php" (recommended for multi-user setups),
"server_databases.php", "server_status.php",
"server_variables.php", "server_privileges.php"
or "server_processlist.php".</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultTabDatabase">$cfg['DefaultTabDatabase'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines the tab displayed by default on database view. Possible
values: "db_structure.php",
"db_sql.php" or "db_search.php".</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultTabTable">$cfg['DefaultTabTable'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines the tab displayed by default on table view. Possible
values: "tbl_structure.php",
"tbl_sql.php", "tbl_select.php",
"tbl_change.php" or "sql.php".</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MySQLManualBase">$cfg['MySQLManualBase'] string</dt>
<dd>If set to an <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr> which
points to the MySQL documentation (type depends
on <a href="#cfg_MySQLManualType" class="configrule">$cfg['MySQLManualType']</a>), appropriate help links are
generated.<br />
See <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/">MySQL Documentation page</a>
for more information about MySQL manuals and their types.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MySQLManualType">$cfg['MySQLManualType'] string</dt>
<dd>Type of MySQL documentation:
<ul><li>viewable - "viewable online", current one used on MySQL website</li>
<li>searchable - "Searchable, with user comments"</li>
<li>chapters - "HTML, one page per chapter"</li>
<li>big - "HTML, all on one page"</li>
<li>none - do not show documentation links</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultLang">$cfg['DefaultLang'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines the default language to use, if not browser-defined or
user-defined.<br />
See the <i>select_lang.lib.php</i> script to know the valid values for
this setting.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultConnectionCollation">$cfg['DefaultConnectionCollation'] string</dt>
<dd>Defines the default connection collation to use, if not
user-defined.<br />
See the <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/charset-charsets.html">MySQL
documentation</a> for list of possible values.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Lang">$cfg['Lang'] string</dt>
<dd>Force: always use this language (must be defined in the
<i>select_lang.lib.php</i> script).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_FilterLanguages">$cfg['FilterLanguages'] string</dt>
<dd>Limit list of available languages to those matching the given regular
expression. For example if you want only Czech and English, you should
set filter to <code>'^(cs|en)'</code>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultCharset">$cfg['DefaultCharset'] string</dt>
<dd>Default character set to use for recoding of MySQL queries. This must be
enabled and it's described by
<a href="#cfg_AllowAnywhereRecoding" class="configrule">$cfg['AllowAnywhereRecoding']</a>
option.<br />
You can give here any character set which is in
<a href="#cfg_AvailableCharsets" class="configrule">$cfg['AvailableCharsets']</a>
array and this is just default choice, user can select any of them.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_AllowAnywhereRecoding">$cfg['AllowAnywhereRecoding'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Allow character set recoding of MySQL queries. You need recode or iconv
support (compiled in or module) in PHP to allow MySQL queries recoding
and used language file must have it enabled (by default only these
which are in Unicode, just to avoid losing some characters).<br /><br />
Setting this to <tt>TRUE</tt> also activates a pull-down menu
in the Export and Import pages, to choose the character set when
exporting a file. The default value in this menu comes from
<tt>$cfg['Export']['charset']</tt> and <tt>$cfg['Import']['charset']</tt>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_RecodingEngine">$cfg['RecodingEngine'] string</dt>
<dd>You can select here which functions will be used for character set
conversion. Possible values are:
<ul><li>auto - automatically use available one (first is tested
iconv, then recode)</li>
<li>iconv - use iconv or libiconv functions</li>
<li>recode - use recode_string function</li>
</ul>
Default is auto.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_IconvExtraParams">$cfg['IconvExtraParams'] string</dt>
<dd>Specify some parameters for iconv used in charset conversion. See
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/documentation/libiconv/iconv_open.3.html">iconv
documentation</a> for details. By default <code>//TRANSLIT</code> is
used, so that invalid characters will be transliterated.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_AvailableCharsets">$cfg['AvailableCharsets'] array</dt>
<dd>Available character sets for MySQL conversion. You can add your own (any of
supported by recode/iconv) or remove these which you don't use.
Character sets will be shown in same order as here listed, so if you
frequently use some of these move them to the top.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_TrustedProxies">$cfg['TrustedProxies'] array</dt>
<dd>Lists proxies and HTTP headers which are trusted for <a
href="#servers_allowdeny_order">IP Allow/Deny</a>. This list is by
default empty, you need to fill in some trusted proxy servers if you
want to use rules for IP addresses behind proxy.<br /><br />
The following example specifies that phpMyAdmin should trust a
HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR (<tt>X-Forwarded-For</tt>) header coming from the proxy 1.2.3.4:
<pre>
$cfg['TrustedProxies'] =
array('1.2.3.4' => 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR');
</pre>
The $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules'] directive uses the
client's IP address as usual.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_GD2Available">$cfg['GD2Available'] string</dt>
<dd>Specifies whether GD >= 2 is available. If yes it can be used for
MIME transformations.<br />
Possible values are:
<ul><li>auto - automatically detect, this is a bit expensive
operation for php < 4.3.0 so it is preferred to change this
according to your server real possibilities</li>
<li>yes - GD 2 functions can be used</li>
<li>no - GD 2 function cannot be used</li>
</ul>
Default is auto.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_CheckConfigurationPermissions">$cfg['CheckConfigurationPermissions'] boolean</dt>
<dd>
We normally check the permissions on the configuration file to ensure
it's not world writable. However, phpMyAdmin could be installed on
a NTFS filesystem mounted on a non-Windows server, in which case the
permissions seems wrong but in fact cannot be detected. In this case
a sysadmin would set this parameter to <tt>FALSE</tt>. Default is <tt>TRUE</tt>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LinkLengthLimit">$cfg['LinkLengthLimit'] integer</dt>
<dd>
Limit for length of URL in links. When length would be above this limit, it
is replaced by form with button.
This is required as some web servers (IIS) have problems with long URLs.
Default is <code>1000</code>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_NaviWidth">$cfg['NaviWidth'] integer</dt>
<dd>Navi frame width in pixels. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_NaviBackground">$cfg['NaviBackground']</span> string [valid css code for background]<br />
<span id="cfg_MainBackground">$cfg['MainBackground']</span> string [valid css code for background]
</dt>
<dd>The background styles used for both the frames.
See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_NaviPointerBackground">$cfg['NaviPointerBackground'] string [valid css code for background]<br />
<span id="cfg_NaviPointerColor">$cfg['NaviPointerColor']</span> string [valid css color]</dt>
<dd>The style used for the pointer in the navi frame.
See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_NaviDatabaseNameColor">$cfg['NaviDatabaseNameColor'] string [valid css code]<br />
</dt>
<dd>The color used for the database name in the navi frame.
See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LeftPointerEnable">$cfg['LeftPointerEnable'] boolean</dt>
<dd>A value of <tt>TRUE</tt> activates the navi pointer (when LeftFrameLight
is <tt>FALSE</tt>).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Border">$cfg['Border'] integer</dt>
<dd>The size of a table's border. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ThBackground">$cfg['ThBackground'] string [valid css code for background]<br />
<span id="cfg_ThColor">$cfg['ThColor']</span> string [valid css color]</dt>
<dd>The style used for table headers. See
<tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_BgcolorOne">$cfg['BgOne'] string [HTML color]</dt>
<dd>The color (HTML) #1 for table rows. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_BgcolorTwo">$cfg['BgTwo'] string [HTML color]</dt>
<dd>The color (HTML) #2 for table rows. See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.
</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_BrowsePointerBackground">$cfg['BrowsePointerBackground'] </span>string [HTML color]<br />
<span id="cfg_BrowsePointerColor">$cfg['BrowsePointerColor'] </span>string [HTML color]<br />
<span id="cfg_BrowseMarkerBackground">$cfg['BrowseMarkerBackground'] </span>string [HTML color]<br />
<span id="cfg_BrowseMarkerColor">$cfg['BrowseMarkerColor'] </span>string [HTML color]
</dt>
<dd>The colors (HTML) uses for the pointer and the marker in browse mode.<br />
The former feature highlights the row over which your mouse is passing
and the latter lets you visually mark/unmark rows by clicking on
them.<br />
See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_FontFamily">$cfg['FontFamily'] string</dt>
<dd>You put here a valid CSS font family value, for example
<tt>arial, sans-serif</tt>.<br />
See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_FontFamilyFixed">$cfg['FontFamilyFixed'] string</dt>
<dd>You put here a valid CSS font family value, for example
<tt>monospace</tt>. This one is used in textarea.<br />
See <tt>themes/themename/layout.inc.php</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_BrowsePointerEnable">$cfg['BrowsePointerEnable'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to activate the browse pointer or not.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_BrowseMarkerEnable">$cfg['BrowseMarkerEnable'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to activate the browse marker or not.</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_TextareaCols">$cfg['TextareaCols'] </span>integer<br />
<span id="cfg_TextareaRows">$cfg['TextareaRows'] </span>integer<br />
<span id="cfg_CharTextareaCols">$cfg['CharTextareaCols'] </span>integer<br />
<span id="cfg_CharTextareaRows">$cfg['CharTextareaRows'] </span>integer
</dt>
<dd>Number of columns and rows for the textareas.<br />
This value will be emphasized (*2) for <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> query textareas and (*1.25) for
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> textareas inside the query window.<br />
The Char* values are used for CHAR and VARCHAR editing (if configured
via <a href="#cfg_CharEditing">$cfg['CharEditing']</a>).</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_LongtextDoubleTextarea">$cfg['LongtextDoubleTextarea'] </span>boolean
</dt>
<dd>Defines whether textarea for LONGTEXT fields should have double size.</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_TextareaAutoSelect">$cfg['TextareaAutoSelect'] </span>boolean
</dt>
<dd>Defines if the whole textarea of the query box will be selected on
click.</dd>
<dt id="CtrlArrowsMoving">
<span id="cfg_CtrlArrowsMoving">$cfg['CtrlArrowsMoving'] </span>boolean
</dt>
<dd>Enable Ctrl+Arrows (Option+Arrows in Safari) moving between fields when
editing.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_LimitChars">$cfg['LimitChars'] integer</dt>
<dd>Maximum number of characters showen in any non-numeric field on browse view.
Can be turned off by a toggle button on the browse page.</dd>
<dt><span id="cfg_ModifyDeleteAtLeft">$cfg['ModifyDeleteAtLeft'] </span>boolean
<span id="cfg_ModifyDeleteAtRight">$cfg['ModifyDeleteAtRight'] </span>boolean
</dt>
<dd>Defines the place where modify and delete links would be put when
tables contents are displayed (you may have them displayed both at the
left and at the right).
"Left" and "right" are parsed as "top"
and "bottom" with vertical display mode.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultDisplay">$cfg['DefaultDisplay'] string
<span id="cfg_HeaderFlipType">$cfg['HeaderFlipType'] </span>string
</dt>
<dd>There are 3 display modes: horizontal, horizontalflipped and vertical.
Define which one is displayed by default. The first mode displays each
row on a horizontal line, the second rotates the headers by 90
degrees, so you can use descriptive headers even though fields only
contain small values and still print them out. The vertical mode sorts
each row on a vertical lineup.<br /><br />
The HeaderFlipType can be set to 'css' or 'fake'. When using 'css'
the rotation of the header for horizontalflipped is done via CSS. If
set to 'fake' PHP does the transformation for you, but of course this
does not look as good as CSS.</dd>
<dt id="DefaultPropDisplay">
<span id="cfg_DefaultPropDisplay">$cfg['DefaultPropDisplay']</span>
string or integer</dt>
<dd>When editing/creating new columns in a table all fields normally get
lined up one field a line. (default: 'horizontal'). If you set this to
'vertical' you can have each field lined up vertically beneath each
other. You can save up a lot of place on the horizontal direction and
no longer have to scroll. If you set this to integer, editing of fewer
columns will appear in 'vertical' mode, while editing of more fields
still in 'horizontal' mode. This way you can still effectively edit
large number of fields, while having full view on few of them.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ShowBrowseComments">$cfg['ShowBrowseComments'] boolean<br />
<span id="cfg_ShowPropertyComments">$cfg['ShowPropertyComments'] </span>boolean
</dt>
<dd>By setting the corresponding variable to <tt>TRUE</tt> you can enable the
display of column comments in Browse or Property display. In browse
mode, the comments are shown inside the header. In property mode,
comments are displayed using a CSS-formatted dashed-line below the
name of the field. The comment is shown as a tool-tip for that field.
</dd>
<dt id ="cfb_SQLQuery_Edit">$cfg['SQLQuery']['Edit'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to display an edit link to change a query in any SQL Query box.</dd>
<dt id ="cfb_SQLQuery_Explain">$cfg['SQLQuery']['Explain'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to display a link to explain a SELECT query in any SQL Query box.</dd>
<dt id ="cfb_SQLQuery_ShowAsPHP">$cfg['SQLQuery']['ShowAsPHP'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to display a link to wrap a query in PHP code in any SQL Query box.</dd>
<dt id ="cfb_SQLQuery_Validate">$cfg['SQLQuery']['Validate'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to display a link to validate a query in any SQL Query box.
See also <tt><a href="#cfg_SQLValidator">$cfg_SQLValidator</a></tt>.</dd>
<dt id ="cfb_SQLQuery_Refresh">$cfg['SQLQuery']['Refresh'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to display a link to refresh a query in any SQL Query box.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_UploadDir">$cfg['UploadDir'] string</dt>
<dd>
The name of the directory where
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> files have been
uploaded by other means than phpMyAdmin (for example, ftp). Those files
are available under a drop-down box when you click the database or
table name, then the Import tab.
<br /><br />
If you want different directory for each user, %u will be replaced
with username.<br /><br />
Please note that the file names must have the suffix ".sql"
(or ".sql.bz2" or ".sql.gz" if support for
compressed formats is enabled).<br /><br />
This feature is useful when your file is too big to be uploaded via
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>, or when file
uploads are disabled in PHP.<br /><br />
Please note that if PHP is running in safe mode, this directory must
be owned by the same user as the owner of the phpMyAdmin scripts.
<br /><br />
See also <a href="#faq1_16">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 1.16</a> for
alternatives.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SaveDir">$cfg['SaveDir'] string</dt>
<dd>
The name of the directory where dumps can be saved.<br /><br />
If you want different directory for each user, %u will be replaced
with username.<br /><br />
Please note that the directory must exist and has to be writable for
the user running webserver.<br /><br />
Please note that if PHP is running in safe mode, this directory must
be owned by the same user as the owner of the phpMyAdmin scripts.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_TempDir">$cfg['TempDir'] string</dt>
<dd>
The name of the directory where temporary files can be stored.
<br /><br />
This is needed for native MS Excel export, see
<a href="#faq6_23"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr>
6.23</a> and to work around limitations of
<tt>open_basedir</tt> for uploaded
files, see <a href="#faq1_11"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr>
1.11</a>.
<br /><br />
If the directory where phpMyAdmin is installed is subject to an
<tt>open_basedir</tt> restriction, you need to create a
temporary directory in some directory accessible by the web
server. However for security reasons, this directory should be outside
the tree published by webserver. If you cannot avoid having this
directory published by webserver, place at least an empty
<tt>index.html</tt> file there, so that directory listing is not
possible.
<br /><br />
This directory should have as strict permissions as possible as the only
user required to access this directory is the one who runs the
webserver. If you have root privileges, simply make this user owner of
this directory and make it accessible only by it:
<br /><br />
<pre>
chown www-data:www-data tmp
chmod 700 tmp
</pre>
If you cannot change owner of the directory, you can achieve a similar
setup using <abbr title="Access Control List">ACL</abbr>:
<pre>
chmod 700 tmp
setfacl -m "g:www-data:rwx" tmp
setfacl -d -m "g:www-data:rwx" tmp
</pre>
If neither of above works for you, you can still make the directory
<code>chmod 777</code>, but it might impose risk of other users on
system reading and writing data in this directory.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Export">$cfg['Export'] array</dt>
<dd>
In this array are defined default parameters for export, names of
items are similar to texts seen on export page, so you can easily
identify what they mean.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Import">$cfg['Import'] array</dt>
<dd>
In this array are defined default parameters for import, names of
items are similar to texts seen on import page, so you can easily
identify what they mean.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_RepeatCells">$cfg['RepeatCells'] integer</dt>
<dd>
Repeat the headers every X cells, or 0 to deactivate.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_EditInWindow">$cfg['EditInWindow'] boolean<br />
<span id="cfg_QueryWindowWidth">$cfg['QueryWindowWidth'] </span>integer<br />
<span id="cfg_QueryWindowHeight">$cfg['QueryWindowHeight'] </span>integer<br />
<span id="cfg_QueryHistoryDB">$cfg['QueryHistoryDB'] </span>boolean<br />
<span id="cfg_QueryWindowDefTab">$cfg['QueryWindowDefTab'] </span>string<br />
<span id="cfg_QueryHistoryMax">$cfg['QueryHistoryMax'] </span>integer
</dt>
<dd>
All those variables affect the query window feature. A <tt><abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr></tt> link
or icon is always displayed on the left panel. If JavaScript is enabled in
your browser, a click on this opens a distinct query window, which is
a direct interface to enter <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> queries. Otherwise, the right panel
changes to display a query box.<br /><br />
The size of this query window can be customized with
<tt>$cfg['QueryWindowWidth']</tt> and <tt>$cfg['QueryWindowHeight']</tt>
- both integers for the size in pixels. Note that normally, those
parameters will be modified in <tt>layout.inc.php</tt> for the
theme you are using.<br /><br />
If <tt>$cfg['EditInWindow']</tt> is set to true, a click on [Edit]
from the results page (in the "Showing Rows" section)
opens the query window and puts the current query
inside it. If set to false, clicking on the link puts the <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>
query in the right panel's query box.
<br /><br />
The usage of the JavaScript query window is recommended if you have a
JavaScript enabled browser. Basic functions are used to exchange quite
a few variables, so most 4th generation browsers should be capable to
use that feature. It currently is only tested with Internet Explorer 6
and Mozilla 1.x.
<br /><br />
If <tt>$cfg['QueryHistoryDB']</tt> is set to <tt>TRUE</tt>, all your Queries are logged
to a table, which has to be created by you (see <a
href="#history" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['history']</a>). If set to FALSE,
all your queries will be appended to the form, but only as long as
your window is opened they remain saved.
<br /><br />
When using the JavaScript based query window, it will always get
updated when you click on a new table/db to browse and will focus if
you click on "Edit <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>" after using a query. You can suppress updating
the query window by checking the box "Do not overwrite this query from
outside the window" below the query textarea. Then you can browse
tables/databases in the background without losing the contents of the
textarea, so this is especially useful when composing a query with
tables you first have to look in. The checkbox will get automatically
checked whenever you change the contents of the textarea. Please
uncheck the button whenever you definitely want the query window to
get updated even though you have made alterations.
<br /><br />
If <tt>$cfg['QueryHistoryDB']</tt> is set to <tt>TRUE</tt> you can specify the amount of
saved history items using <tt>$cfg['QueryHistoryMax']</tt>.
<br /><br />
The query window also has a custom tabbed look to group the features.
Using the variable <tt>$cfg['QueryWindowDefTab']</tt> you can specify the
default tab to be used when opening the query window. It can be set to
either 'sql', 'files', 'history' or 'full'.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_BrowseMIME">$cfg['BrowseMIME'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Enable <a href="#transformations">MIME-transformations</a>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MaxExactCount">$cfg['MaxExactCount'] integer</dt>
<dd>For InnoDB tables, determines for how large tables phpMyAdmin
should get the exact row count using <code>SELECT COUNT</code>.
If the approximate row count as returned by
<code>SHOW TABLE STATUS</code> is smaller than this value,
<code>SELECT COUNT</code> will be used, otherwise the approximate
count will be used.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MaxExactCountViews">$cfg['MaxExactCountViews'] integer</dt>
<dd>For VIEWs, since obtaining the exact count could have an
impact on performance, this value is the maximum to be displayed, using
a <code>SELECT COUNT ... LIMIT</code>. The default value of 0 bypasses
any row counting.
</dd>
<dt id="wysiwyg">
<span id="cfg_WYSIWYG-PDF">$cfg['WYSIWYG-PDF'] </span>boolean</dt>
<dd>Utilizes a WYSIWYG editing control to easily place elements of a
<abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>
page. By clicking on the button 'toggle scratchboard' on the page
where you edit x/y coordinates of those elements you can activate a
scratchboard where all your elements are placed. By clicking on an
element, you can move them around in the pre-defined area and the x/y
coordinates will get updated dynamically. Likewise, when entering a
new position directly into the input field, the new position in the
scratchboard changes after your cursor leaves the input field.<br />
You have to click on the 'OK'-button below the tables to save the new
positions. If you want to place a new element, first add it to the
table of elements and then you can drag the new element around.<br />
By changing the paper size and the orientation you can change the size
of the scratchboard as well. You can do so by just changing the
dropdown field below, and the scratchboard will resize automatically,
without interfering with the current placement of the elements.<br />
If ever an element gets out of range you can either enlarge the paper
size or click on the 'reset' button to place all elements below each
other.<br />
<b>NOTE:</b> You have to use a recent browser like IE6 or Mozilla to
get this control to work. The basic Drag&Drop script functionality
was kindly borrowed from www.youngpup.net and is underlying so
specific license.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_NaturalOrder">$cfg['NaturalOrder'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Sorts database and table names according to natural order (for example,
t1, t2, t10). Currently implemented in the left panel (Light mode)
and in Database view, for the table list.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_InitialSlidersState">$cfg['InitialSlidersState'] string</dt>
<dd>If set to <tt>'closed'</tt>, the visual sliders are initially in a
closed state. A value of <tt>'open'</tt> does the reverse. To completely
disable all visual sliders, use <tt>'disabled'</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_TitleTable">$cfg['TitleTable'] string</dt>
<dt id="cfg_TitleDatabase">$cfg['TitleDatabase'] string</dt>
<dt id="cfg_TitleServer">$cfg['TitleServer'] string</dt>
<dt id="cfg_TitleDefault">$cfg['TitleDefault'] string</dt>
<dd>Allows you to specify window's title bar. Following magic string can
be used to get special values:
<dl>
<dt><code>@HTTP_HOST@</code></dt>
<dd>HTTP host that runs phpMyAdmin</dd>
<dt><code>@SERVER@</code></dt>
<dd>MySQL server name</dd>
<dt><code>@VERBOSE@</code></dt>
<dd>Verbose MySQL server name as defined in <a href="#cfg_Servers_verbose">server configuration</a></dd>
<dt><code>@VSERVER@</code></dt>
<dd>Verbose MySQL server name if set, otherwise normal</dd>
<dt><code>@DATABASE@</code></dt>
<dd>Currently opened database</dd>
<dt><code>@TABLE@</code></dt>
<dd>Currently opened table</dd>
<dt><code>@PHPMYADMIN@</code></dt>
<dd>phpMyAdmin with version</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ErrorIconic">$cfg['ErrorIconic'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Uses icons for warnings, errors and informations.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_MainPageIconic">$cfg['MainPageIconic'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Uses icons on main page in lists and menu tabs.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ReplaceHelpImg">$cfg['ReplaceHelpImg'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Shows a help button instead of the "Documentation" message.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ThemePath">$cfg['ThemePath'] string</dt>
<dd>If theme manager is active, use this as the path of the subdirectory
containing all the themes.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ThemeManager">$cfg['ThemeManager'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Enables user-selectable themes. See <a href="#faqthemes">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 2.7</a>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ThemeDefault">$cfg['ThemeDefault'] string</dt>
<dd>The default theme (a subdirectory under <tt>cfg['ThemePath']</tt>).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ThemePerServer">$cfg['ThemePerServer'] boolean</dt>
<dd>Whether to allow different theme for each server.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultQueryTable">$cfg['DefaultQueryTable'] string<br />
<span id="cfg_DefaultQueryDatabase">$cfg['DefaultQueryDatabase']</span> string
</dt>
<dd>Default queries that will be displayed in query boxes when user didn't
specify any. Use %d for database name, %t for table name and %f for a
comma separated list of field names. Note that %t and %f are only
applicable to <tt>$cfg['DefaultQueryTable']</tt>.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SQP_fmtType">$cfg['SQP']['fmtType'] string [<tt>html</tt>|<tt>none</tt>]</dt>
<dd>
The main use of the new <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> Parser is to pretty-print <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> queries. By
default we use HTML to format the query, but you can disable this by
setting this variable to <tt>'none'</tt>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SQP_fmtInd">$cfg['SQP']['fmtInd'] float<br />
<span id="cfg_SQP">$cfg['SQP']['fmtIndUnit']</span> string [<tt>em</tt>|<tt>px</tt>|<tt>pt</tt>|<tt>ex</tt>]</dt>
<dd>For the pretty-printing of <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> queries, under some cases the part of a
query inside a bracket is indented. By changing
<tt>$cfg['SQP']['fmtInd']</tt> you can change the amount of this indent.
<br />Related in purpose is <tt>$cfg['SQP']['fmtIndUnit']</tt> which
specifies the units of the indent amount that you specified. This is
used via stylesheets.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SQP_fmtColor">$cfg['SQP']['fmtColor'] array of string tuples</dt>
<dd>This array is used to define the colours for each type of element of
the pretty-printed <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> queries. The tuple format is<br />
<i>class</i> => [<i>HTML colour code</i> | <i>empty string</i>]<br />
If you specify an empty string for the color of a class, it is ignored
in creating the stylesheet.
You should not alter the class names, only the colour strings.<br />
<b>Class name key:</b>
<ul><li><b>comment</b> Applies to all comment sub-classes</li>
<li><b>comment_mysql</b> Comments as <tt>"#...\n"</tt></li>
<li><b>comment_ansi</b> Comments as <tt>"-- ...\n"</tt></li>
<li><b>comment_c</b> Comments as <tt>"/*...*/"</tt></li>
<li><b>digit</b> Applies to all digit sub-classes</li>
<li><b>digit_hex</b> Hexadecimal numbers</li>
<li><b>digit_integer</b> Integer numbers</li>
<li><b>digit_float</b> Floating point numbers</li>
<li><b>punct</b> Applies to all punctuation sub-classes</li>
<li><b>punct_bracket_open_round</b> Opening brackets<tt>"("</tt></li>
<li><b>punct_bracket_close_round</b> Closing brackets <tt>")"</tt></li>
<li><b>punct_listsep</b> List item Separator <tt>","</tt></li>
<li><b>punct_qualifier</b> Table/Column Qualifier <tt>"."</tt> </li>
<li><b>punct_queryend</b> End of query marker <tt>";"</tt></li>
<li><b>alpha</b> Applies to all alphabetic classes</li>
<li><b>alpha_columnType</b> Identifiers matching a column type</li>
<li><b>alpha_columnAttrib</b> Identifiers matching a database/table/column attribute</li>
<li><b>alpha_functionName</b> Identifiers matching a MySQL function name</li>
<li><b>alpha_reservedWord</b> Identifiers matching any other reserved word</li>
<li><b>alpha_variable</b> Identifiers matching a <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> variable <tt>"@foo"</tt></li>
<li><b>alpha_identifier</b> All other identifiers</li>
<li><b>quote</b> Applies to all quotation mark classes</li>
<li><b>quote_double</b> Double quotes <tt>"</tt></li>
<li><b>quote_single</b> Single quotes <tt>'</tt></li>
<li><b>quote_backtick</b> Backtick quotes <tt>`</tt></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SQLValidator">$cfg['SQLValidator'] boolean</dt>
<dd><dl><dt id="cfg_SQLValidator_use">$cfg['SQLValidator']['use'] boolean</dt>
<dd>phpMyAdmin now supports use of the <a href="http://developer.mimer.com/validator/index.htm">Mimer <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> Validator</a> service,
as originally published on
<a href="http://developers.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=02/02/19/1720246">Slashdot</a>.
<br />
For help in setting up your system to use the service, see the
<a href="#faqsqlvalidator"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 6.14</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_SQLValidator_username">$cfg['SQLValidator']['username'] string<br />
<span id="cfg_SQLValidator_password">$cfg['SQLValidator']['password']</span> string</dt>
<dd>The SOAP service allows you to log in with <tt>anonymous</tt>
and any password, so we use those by default. Instead, if
you have an account with them, you can put your login details
here, and it will be used in place of the anonymous login.</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DBG">$cfg['DBG']</dt>
<dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b></dd>
<dt id="cfg_DBG_enable_sql">$cfg['DBG']['sql'] boolean</dt>
<dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b><br />
Enable logging queries and execution times to be displayed in the bottom
of main page (right frame).</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DBG_enable_php">$cfg['DBG']['php'] boolean</dt>
<dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b><br />
Enable the DBG extension for debugging phpMyAdmin. Required for profiling
the code.<br />
For help in setting up your system to this, see the
<a href="#developersdbg">Developers</a> section.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DBG_profile_enable">$cfg['DBG']['profile']['enable'] boolean</dt>
<dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b><br />
Enable profiling support for phpMyAdmin. This will append a chunk of data
to the end of every page displayed in the main window with profiling
statistics for that page.<br />
You may need to increase the maximum execution time for this to
complete successfully.<i>Profiling was removed from the code for
version 2.9.0 due to licensing issues.</i></dd>
<dt id="cfg_DBG_profile_threshold">$cfg['DBG']['profile']['threshold'] float (units in milliseconds)</dt>
<dd><b>DEVELOPERS ONLY!</b><br />
When profiling data is displayed, this variable controls the threshold of
display for any profiling data, based on the average time each time has
taken. If it is over the threshold it is displayed, otherwise it is not
displayed. This takes a value in milliseconds. In most cases you don't need
to edit this.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_ColumnTypes">$cfg['ColumnTypes'] array</dt>
<dd>All possible types of a MySQL column. In most cases you don't need to
edit this.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_AttributeTypes">$cfg['AttributeTypes'] array</dt>
<dd>Possible attributes for fields. In most cases you don't need to edit
this.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_Functions">$cfg['Functions'] array</dt>
<dd>A list of functions MySQL supports. In most cases you don't need to
edit this.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_RestrictColumnTypes">$cfg['RestrictColumnTypes'] array</dt>
<dd>Mapping of column types to meta types used for preferring displayed
functions. In most cases you don't need to edit this.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_RestrictFunctions">$cfg['RestrictFunctions'] array</dt>
<dd>Functions preferred for column meta types as defined in
<a href="#cfg_RestrictColumnTypes" class="configrule">$cfg['RestrictColumnTypes']</a>. In most cases you don't need
to edit this.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_DefaultFunctions">$cfg['DefaultFunctions'] array</dt>
<dd>Functions selected by default when inserting/changing row, Functions
are defined for meta types from
<a href="#cfg_RestrictColumnTypes" class="configrule">$cfg['RestrictColumnTypes']</a> and for
<code>first_timestamp</code>, which is used for first timestamp column
in table.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_NumOperators">$cfg['NumOperators'] array</dt>
<dd>Operators available for search operations on numeric and date fields.
</dd>
<dt id="cfg_TextOperators">$cfg['TextOperators'] array</dt>
<dd>Operators available for search operations on character fields.
Note that we put <code>LIKE</code> by default instead of
<code>LIKE %...%</code>, to avoid unintended performance problems
in case of huge tables.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_EnumOperators">$cfg['EnumOperators'] array</dt>
<dd>Operators available for search operations on enum fields.</dd>
<dt id="cfg_NullOperators">$cfg['NullOperators'] array</dt>
<dd>Additional operators available for search operations when the
field can be null.</dd>
</dl>
<!-- TRANSFORMATIONS -->
<h2 id="transformations">Transformations</h2>
<ol><li><a href="#transformationsintro">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#transformationshowto">Usage</a></li>
<li><a href="#transformationsfiles">File structure</a></li>
</ol>
<h3 id="transformationsintro">1. Introduction</h3>
<p> To enable transformations, you have to setup the <tt>column_info</tt> table
and the proper directives. Please see the <a href="#config">Configuration
section</a> on how to do so.</p>
<p> You can apply different transformations to the contents of each field. The
transformation will take the content of each field and transform it with
certain rules defined in the selected transformation.</p>
<p> Say you have a field 'filename' which contains a filename. Normally you would
see in phpMyAdmin only this filename. Using transformations you can transform
that filename into a HTML link, so you can click inside of the phpMyAdmin
structure on the field's link and will see the file displayed in a new browser
window. Using transformation options you can also specify strings to
append/prepend to a string or the format you want the output stored in.</p>
<p> For a general overview of all available transformations and their options,
you can consult your
<i><www.your-host.com>/<your-install-dir>/transformation_overview.php</i>
installation.</p>
<p> For a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our
<a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php">Link section</a> on
the official phpMyAdmin homepage.</p>
<h3 id="transformationshowto">2. Usage</h3>
<p> Go to your <i>tbl_structure.php</i> page (i.e. reached through
clicking on the 'Structure' link for a table). There click on
"Change" (or change icon) and there you will see three new fields at
the end of the line. They are called 'MIME-type', 'Browser transformation' and
'Transformation options'.</p>
<ul><li>The field 'MIME-type' is a drop-down field. Select the MIME-type
that corresponds to the column's contents. Please note that
transformations are inactive as long as no MIME-type is selected.</li>
<li>The field 'Browser transformation' is a drop-down field. You can choose from a
hopefully growing amount of pre-defined transformations. See below for information on
how to build your own transformation.<br />
There are global transformations and mimetype-bound transformations. Global transformations
can be used for any mimetype. They will take the mimetype, if necessary, into regard.
Mimetype-bound transformations usually only operate on a certain mimetype. There are
transformations which operate on the main mimetype (like 'image'), which will most likely
take the subtype into regard, and those who only operate on a
specific subtype (like 'image/jpeg').<br />
You can use transformations on mimetypes for which the function was not defined for. There
is no security check for you selected the right transformation, so take care of what the
output will be like.</li>
<li>The field 'Transformation options' is a free-type textfield. You have to enter
transform-function specific options here. Usually the transforms can operate with default
options, but it is generally a good idea to look up the overview to see which options are
necessary.<br />
Much like the ENUM/SET-Fields, you have to split up several options using the format
'a','b','c',...(NOTE THE MISSING BLANKS). This is because internally the options will be
parsed as an array, leaving the first value the first element in the array, and so
forth.<br />
If you want to specify a MIME character set you can define it in the transformation_options.
You have to put that outside of the pre-defined options of the specific mime-transform,
as the last value of the set. Use the format "'; charset=XXX'". If you use a transform,
for which you can specify 2 options and you want to append a character set, enter "'first
parameter','second parameter','charset=us-ascii'". You can, however use the defaults for
the parameters: "'','','charset=us-ascii'".</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="transformationsfiles">3. File structure</h3>
<p> All mimetypes and their transformations are defined through single files in
the directory 'libraries/transformations/'.</p>
<p> They are stored in files to ease up customization and easy adding of new
transformations.</p>
<p> Because the user cannot enter own mimetypes, it is kept sure that transformations
always work. It makes no sense to apply a transformation to a mimetype, the
transform-function doesn't know to handle.</p>
<p> One can, however, use empty mime-types and global transformations which should work
for many mimetypes. You can also use transforms on a different mimetype they where built
for, but pay attention to option usage as well as what the transformation does to your
field.</p>
<p> There is a basic file called '<i>global.inc.php</i>'. This function can be included by
any other transform function and provides some basic functions.</p>
<p> There are 5 possible file names:</p>
<ol><li>A mimetype+subtype transform:<br /><br />
<tt>[mimetype]_[subtype]__[transform].inc.php</tt><br /><br />
Please not that mimetype and subtype are separated via '_', which shall
not be contained in their names. The transform function/filename may
contain only characters which cause no problems in the file system as
well as the PHP function naming convention.<br /><br />
The transform function will the be called
'<tt>PMA_transform_[mimetype]_[subtype]__[transform]()</tt>'.<br /><br />
<b>Example:</b><br /><br />
<tt>text_html__formatted.inc.php</tt><br />
<tt>PMA_transform_text_html__formatted()</tt></li>
<li>A mimetype (w/o subtype) transform:<br /><br />
<tt>[mimetype]__[transform].inc.php</tt><br /><br />
Please note that there are no single '_' characters.
The transform function/filename may contain only characters which cause
no problems in the file system as well as the PHP function naming
convention.<br /><br />
The transform function will the be called
'<tt>PMA_transform_[mimetype]__[transform]()</tt>'.<br /><br />
<b>Example:</b><br /><br />
<tt>text__formatted.inc.php</tt><br />
<tt>PMA_transform_text__formatted()</tt></li>
<li>A mimetype+subtype without specific transform function<br /><br />
<tt>[mimetype]_[subtype].inc.php</tt><br /><br />
Please note that there are no '__' characters in the filename. Do not
use special characters in the filename causing problems with the file
system.<br /><br />
No transformation function is defined in the file itself.<br /><br />
<b>Example:</b><br /><br />
<tt>text_plain.inc.php</tt><br />
(No function)</li>
<li>A mimetype (w/o subtype) without specific transform function<br /><br />
<tt>[mimetype].inc.php</tt><br /><br />
Please note that there are no '_' characters in the filename. Do not use
special characters in the filename causing problems with the file system.
<br /><br />
No transformation function is defined in the file itself.<br /><br />
<b>Example:</b><br /><br />
<tt>text.inc.php</tt><br />
(No function)</li>
<li>A global transform function with no specific mimetype<br /><br />
<tt>global__[transform].inc.php</tt><br /><br />
The transform function will the be called
'<tt>PMA_transform_global__[transform]()</tt>'.<br /><br />
<b>Example:</b><br /><br />
<tt>global__formatted</tt><br />
<tt>PMA_transform_global__formatted()</tt></li>
</ol>
<p> So generally use '_' to split up mimetype and subtype, and '__' to provide a
transform function.</p>
<p> All filenames containing no '__' in themselves are not shown as valid transform
functions in the dropdown.</p>
<p> Please see the libraries/transformations/TEMPLATE file for adding your own transform
function. See the libraries/transformations/TEMPLATE_MIMETYPE for adding a mimetype
without a transform function. Also note the introduction of a function description in
the language files. For each function a $strTransformation_[filename without .inc.php]
has to exist.</p>
<p> You can use the template generator to generate new functions and entries in the
language file.</p>
<p> To create a new transform function please see
<tt>libraries/transformations/template_generator.sh</tt>.
To create a new, empty mimetype please see
<tt>libraries/transformations/template_generator_mimetype.sh</tt>.</p>
<p> A transform function always gets passed three variables:</p>
<ol><li><b>$buffer</b> - Contains the text inside of the column. This is the text,
you want to transform.</li>
<li><b>$options</b> - Contains any user-passed options to a transform function
as an array.</li>
<li><b>$meta</b> - Contains an object with field information to your column.
The data is drawn from the output of the
<a href="http://www.php.net/mysql_fetch_field">mysql_fetch_field()</a>
function. This means, all object properties described on the
<a href="http://www.php.net/mysql_fetch_field">manual page</a> are
available in this variable and can be used to transform a field accordingly
to unsigned/zerofill/not_null/... properties.<br />
The $meta->mimetype variable contains the original MIME-type of the
field (i.e. 'text/plain', 'image/jpeg' etc.)</li>
</ol>
<!-- FAQ -->
<h2 id="faq">FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions</h2>
<ol><li><a href="#faqserver">Server</a></li>
<li><a href="#faqconfig">Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="#faqlimitations">Known limitations</a></li>
<li><a href="#faqmultiuser">ISPs, multi-user installations</a></li>
<li><a href="#faqbrowsers">Browsers or client <abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr></a></li>
<li><a href="#faqusing">Using phpMyAdmin</a></li>
<li><a href="#faqproject">phpMyAdmin project</a></li>
<li><a href="#faqsecurity">Security</a></li>
<li><a href="#faqsynchronization">Synchronization</a></li>
</ol>
<p> Please have a look at our
<a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php">Link section</a> on
the official phpMyAdmin homepage for in-depth coverage of phpMyAdmin's
features and or interface.</p>
<h3 id="faqserver">Server</h3>
<h4 id="faq1_1">
<a href="#faq1_1">1.1 I'm running PHP 4+ and my server is crashing each time a specific
action is required or phpMyAdmin sends a blank page or a page full of
cryptic characters to my browser, what can I do?</a></h4>
<p> There are some known PHP bugs with output buffering and compression.<br />
Try to set the <a href="#cfg_OBGzip" class="configrule">$cfg['OBGzip']</a>
directive to <tt>FALSE</tt> in your <i>config.inc.php</i> file and the
<tt>zlib.output_compression</tt> directive to <tt>Off</tt> in your php
configuration file.<br />
Furthermore, we know about such problems connected to the release
candidates of PHP 4.2.0 (tested with PHP 4.2.0 RC1 to RC4) together with
MS Internet Explorer. Please upgrade to the release version PHP 4.2.0.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_2">
<a href="#faq1_2">1.2 My Apache server crashes when using phpMyAdmin.</a></h4>
<p> You should first try the latest versions of Apache (and possibly MySQL).<br />
See also the
<a href="#faq1_1"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 1.1</a>
entry about PHP bugs with output buffering.<br />
If your server keeps crashing, please ask for help in the various Apache
support groups.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_3">
<a href="#faq1_3">1.3 I'm running phpMyAdmin with "cookie" authentication
mode under PHP 4.2.0 or 4.2.1 loaded as an Apache 2 module but can't enter the
script: I'm always displayed the login screen.</a></h4>
<p> This is a known PHP bug (see this
<a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=16626">bug report</a>) from the
official PHP bug database. It means there is and won't be any phpMyAdmin
fix against it because there is no way to code a fix.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_4">
<a href="#faq1_4">1.4 Using phpMyAdmin on
<abbr title="Internet Information Services">IIS</abbr>, I'm displayed the
error message: "The specified <abbr title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</abbr>
application misbehaved by not returning a complete set of
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> headers ...".</a>
</h4>
<p> You just forgot to read the <i>install.txt</i> file from the php distribution.
Have a look at the last message in this
<a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=12061">bug report</a> from the
official PHP bug database.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_5">
<a href="#faq1_5">1.5 Using phpMyAdmin on
<abbr title="Internet Information Services">IIS</abbr>, I'm facing crashes
and/or many error messages with the
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or advanced authentication
mode.</a></h4>
<p> This is a known problem with the PHP
<abbr title="Internet Server Application Programming Interface">ISAPI</abbr>
filter: it's not so stable. Please use instead the cookie authentication mode.
</p>
<h4 id="faq1_6">
<a href="#faq1_6">1.6 I can't use phpMyAdmin on PWS: nothing is displayed!</a></h4>
<p> This seems to be a PWS bug. Filippo Simoncini found a workaround (at this
time there is no better fix): remove or comment the <tt>DOCTYPE</tt>
declarations (2 lines) from the scripts <i>libraries/header.inc.php</i>,
<i>libraries/header_printview.inc.php</i>, <i>index.php</i>,
<i>navigation.php</i> and <i>libraries/common.lib.php</i>.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_7">
<a href="#faq1_7">1.7 How can I GZip or Bzip a dump or a
<abbr title="comma separated values">CSV</abbr> export? It does not seem to
work.</a></h4>
<p> These features are based on the <tt>gzencode()</tt> and <tt>bzcompress()</tt>
PHP functions to be more independent of the platform (Unix/Windows, Safe Mode
or not, and so on). So, you must have PHP4 >= 4.0.4 and Zlib/Bzip2
support (<tt>--with-zlib</tt> and <tt>--with-bz2</tt>).<br />
We faced PHP crashes when trying to download a dump with MS Internet
Explorer when phpMyAdmin is run with a release candidate of PHP 4.2.0. In
this case you should switch to the release version of PHP 4.2.0.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_8">
<a href="#faq1_8">1.8 I cannot insert a text file in a table, and I get
an error about safe mode being in effect.</a></h4>
<p> Your uploaded file is saved by PHP in the "upload dir", as
defined in <i>php.ini</i> by the variable <tt>upload_tmp_dir</tt> (usually
the system default is <i>/tmp</i>).<br />
We recommend the following setup for Apache servers running in safe mode,
to enable uploads of files while being reasonably secure:</p>
<ul><li>create a separate directory for uploads: <tt>mkdir /tmp/php</tt></li>
<li>give ownership to the Apache server's user.group:
<tt>chown apache.apache /tmp/php</tt></li>
<li>give proper permission: <tt>chmod 600 /tmp/php</tt></li>
<li>put <tt>upload_tmp_dir = /tmp/php</tt> in <i>php.ini</i></li>
<li>restart Apache</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq1_9">
<a href="#faq1_9">1.9 I'm having troubles when uploading files. In
general file uploads don't work on my system and uploaded files have a
<tt>Content-Type:</tt> header in the first line.</a></h4>
<p> It's not really phpMyAdmin related but RedHat 7.0. You have a RedHat 7.0
and you updated your PHP RPM to php-4.0.4pl1-3.i386.rpm, didn't you?<br />
So the problem is that this package has a serious bug that was corrected
ages ago in PHP (2001-01-28: see
<a href="http://www.php.net/bugs.php?id=8966">PHP's bug tracking system</a>
for more details). The problem is that the bugged package is still
available though it was corrected (see
<a href="http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24933">RedHat's BugZilla</a>
for more details).<br />
So please download
<a href="http://www.redhat.com/swr/i386/php-4.0.4pl1-9.i386.html">the fixed package (4.0.4pl1-9)</a>
and the problem should go away.<br />
And that fixes the \r\n problem with file uploads!</p>
<h4 id="faq1_10">
<a href="#faq1_10">1.10 I'm having troubles when uploading files with
phpMyAdmin running on a secure server. My browser is Internet Explorer and
I'm using the Apache server.</a></h4>
<p> As suggested by "Rob M" in the phpWizard forum, add this line to
your <i>httpd.conf</i>:</p>
<pre>SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown</pre>
<p> It seems to clear up many problems between Internet Explorer and SSL.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_11">
<a href="#faq1_11">1.11 I get an 'open_basedir restriction' while
uploading a file from the query box.</a></h4>
<p> Since version 2.2.4, phpMyAdmin supports servers with open_basedir
restrictions. However you need to create temporary directory and
configure it as <a href="#cfg_TempDir" class="configrule">$cfg['TempDir']</a>.
The uploaded files will be moved there, and after execution of your
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> commands, removed.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_12">
<a href="#faq1_12">1.12 I have lost my MySQL root password, what can I do?</a></h4>
<p> The MySQL manual explains how to
<a href="http://www.mysql.com/doc/R/e/Resetting_permissions.html">
reset the permissions</a>.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_13">
<a href="#faq1_13">1.13 I get an error 'No
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> query' when trying to
execute a bookmark.</a></h4>
<p> If PHP does not have read/write access to its <tt>upload_tmp_dir</tt>, it
cannot access the uploaded query.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_14">
<a href="#faq1_14">1.14 I get an error 'No
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> query' when trying to
submit a query from the convenient text area.</a></h4>
<p> Check the <tt>post_max_size</tt> directive from your PHP configuration file
and try to increase it.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_15">
<a href="#faq1_15">1.15 I have problems with <i>mysql.user</i> field names.</a>
</h4>
<p> In previous MySQL versions, the <tt>User</tt> and <tt>Password</tt> fields
were named <tt>user</tt> and <tt>password</tt>. Please modify your field
names to align with current standards.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_16">
<a href="#faq1_16">1.16 I cannot upload big dump files (memory,
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or timeout problems).</a>
</h4>
<p> Starting with version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written and these
problems should not occur. If possible, upgrade your phpMyAdmin to the latest version
to take advantage of the new import features.</p>
<p> The first things to check (or ask your host provider to check) are the
values of <tt>upload_max_filesize</tt>, <tt>memory_limit</tt> and
<tt>post_max_size</tt> in the <i>php.ini</i> configuration file.
All of these three settings limit the maximum size of data that can be
submitted and handled by PHP. One user also said that post_max_size
and memory_limit need to be larger than upload_max_filesize.<br /> <br />
There exist several workarounds if your upload is too big or your
hosting provider is unwilling to change the settings:</p>
<ul><li>Look at the <a href="#cfg_UploadDir" class="configrule">$cfg['UploadDir']</a>
feature. This allows one to
upload a file to the server via scp, ftp, or your favorite file transfer
method. PhpMyAdmin is then able to import the files from the temporary
directory. More information is available in the <a href="#config">Configuration
section</a> of this document.</li>
<li>Using a utility (such as <a href="http://www.ozerov.de/bigdump.php">
BigDump</a>) to split the files before uploading. We cannot support this
or any third party applications, but are aware of users having success
with it.</li>
<li>If you have shell (command line) access, use MySQL to import the files
directly. You can do this by issuing the "source" command from
within MySQL: <tt>source <i>filename.sql</i></tt>.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq1_17">
<a id="faqmysqlversions" href="#faq1_17">1.17 Which MySQL versions does phpMyAdmin
support?</a></h4>
<p> Since phpMyAdmin 3.0.x, only MySQL 5.0.1 and newer are supported. For
older MySQL versions, you need to use 2.8.x branch. phpMyAdmin can
connect to your MySQL server using PHP's classic
<a href="http://php.net/mysql">MySQL extension</a> as well as the
<a href="http://php.net/mysqli">improved MySQL extension (MySQLi)</a> that
is available in php 5.0. The latter one should be used unless you have
good reason not to do so.<br />
When compiling php, we strongly recommend that you manually link the MySQL
extension of your choice to a MySQL client library of at least the same
minor version since the one that is bundled with some PHP distributions is
rather old and might cause problems <a href="#faq1_17a">
(see <abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 1.17a)</a>.
If your webserver is running on a windows system, you might want to try
MySQL's
<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/php/">Connector/PHP</a>
instead of the MySQL / MySQLi extensions that are bundled with the official
php Win32 builds.</p>
<h5 id="faq1_17a">
<a href="#faq1_17a">1.17a I cannot connect to the MySQL server. It always returns the error
message, "Client does not support authentication protocol requested
by server; consider upgrading MySQL client"</a></h5>
<p> You tried to access MySQL with an old MySQL client library. The version of
your MySQL client library can be checked in your phpinfo() output.
In general, it should have at least the same minor version as your server
- as mentioned in <a href="#faq1_17">
<abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 1.17</a>.<br /><br />
This problem is generally caused by using MySQL version 4.1 or newer. MySQL
changed the authentication hash and your PHP is trying to use the old method.
The proper solution is to use the <a href="http://www.php.net/mysqli">mysqli extension</a>
with the proper client library to match your MySQL installation. Your
chosen extension is specified in <a href="#cfg_Servers_extension" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension']</a>.
More information (and several workarounds) are located in the
<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/old-client.html">MySQL Documentation</a>.
</p>
<h4 id="faq1_18">
<a href="#faq1_18">1.18 I'm running MySQL <= 4.0.1 having
<tt>lower_case_table_names</tt> set to 1. If I create a new table with a
capital letter in its name it is changed to lowercase as it should. But
if I try to DROP this table MySQL is unable to find the corresponding
file.</a></h4>
<p> This is a bug of MySQL <= 4.0.1. Please upgrade to at least
MySQL 4.0.2 or turn off your <tt>lower_case_table_names</tt>
directive.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_19">
<a href="#faq1_19">1.19 I can't run the "display relations" feature because the
script seems not to know the font face I'm using!</a></h4>
<p> The "FPDF" library we're using for this feature requires some
special files to use font faces.<br />
Please refers to the <a href="http://www.fpdf.org/">FPDF manual</a> to build
these files.</p>
<h4 id="faqmysql">
<a href="#faqmysql">1.20 I receive the error "cannot load MySQL extension, please
check PHP Configuration".</a></h4>
<p> To connect to a MySQL server, PHP needs a set of MySQL functions called
"MySQL extension". This extension may be part of the PHP
distribution (compiled-in), otherwise it needs to be loaded dynamically. Its
name is probably <i>mysql.so</i> or <i>php_mysql.dll</i>. phpMyAdmin tried
to load the extension but failed.<br /><br />
Usually, the problem is solved by installing a software package called
"PHP-MySQL" or something similar.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_21">
<a href="#faq1_21">1.21 I am running the
<abbr title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</abbr> version of PHP under Unix,
and I cannot log in using cookie auth.</a></h4>
<p> In <i>php.ini</i>, set <tt>mysql.max_links</tt> higher than 1.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_22">
<a href="#faq1_22">1.22 I don't see the "Location of text file" field,
so I cannot upload.</a></h4>
<p> This is most likely because in <i>php.ini</i>, your <tt>file_uploads</tt>
parameter is not set to "on".</p>
<h4 id="faq1_23">
<a href="#faq1_23">1.23 I'm running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create
a new table the table and field names are changed to lowercase!</a></h4>
<p> This happens because the MySQL directive <tt>lower_case_table_names</tt>
defaults to 1 (<tt>ON</tt>) in the Win32 version of MySQL. You can change
this behavior by simply changing the directive to 0 (<tt>OFF</tt>):<br />
Just edit your <tt>my.ini</tt> file that should be located in your Windows
directory and add the following line to the group [mysqld]:</p>
<pre>set-variable = lower_case_table_names=0</pre>
<p> Next, save the file and restart the MySQL service. You can always check the
value of this directive using the query</p>
<pre>SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'lower_case_table_names';</pre>
<h4 id="faq1_24">
<a href="#faq1_24">1.24 Some characters are being truncated in my queries, or I
get characters randomly added. I am running PHP 4.2.3.</a></h4>
<p> This is a <a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=19404">PHP 4.2.3 bug</a>.
</p>
<h4 id="faq1_25">
<a href="#faq1_25">1.25 I am running Apache with mod_gzip-1.3.26.1a on Windows XP,
and I get problems, such as undefined variables when I run a
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> query.</a></h4>
<p> A tip from Jose Fandos: put a comment on the following two lines
in httpd.conf, like this:</p>
<pre>
# mod_gzip_item_include file \.php$
# mod_gzip_item_include mime "application/x-httpd-php.*"
</pre>
<p> as this version of mod_gzip on Apache (Windows) has problems handling
PHP scripts. Of course you have to restart Apache.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_26">
<a href="#faq1_26">1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of
<abbr title="Internet Information Services">IIS</abbr> but
I get the error "No input file specified" when trying to
run phpMyAdmin.</a></h4>
<p> This is a permission problem. Right-click on the phpmyadmin folder
and choose properties. Under the tab Security, click on "Add"
and select the user "IUSR_machine" from the list. Now set his
permissions and it should work.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_27">
<a href="#faq1_27">1.27 I get empty page when I want to view huge page (eg.
db_structure.php with plenty of tables).</a></h4>
<p> This is a <a href="http://bugs.php.net/21079">PHP bug</a> that occur when
GZIP output buffering is enabled. If you turn off it (by
<a href="#cfg_OBGzip" class="configrule">$cfg['OBGzip'] = false</a>
in <i>config.inc.php</i>), it should work. This bug will be fixed in
PHP 5.0.0.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_28">
<a href="#faq1_28">1.28 My MySQL server sometimes refuses queries and returns the
message 'Errorcode: 13'. What does this mean?</a></h4>
<p> This can happen due to a MySQL bug when having database / table names with
upper case characters although <tt>lower_case_table_names</tt> is set to 1.
To fix this, turn off this directive, convert all database and table names
to lower case and turn it on again. Alternatively, there's a bug-fix
available starting with MySQL 3.23.56 / 4.0.11-gamma.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_29">
<a href="#faq1_29">1.29 When I create a table or modify a field, I get an error
and the fields are duplicated.</a></h4>
<p> It is possible to configure Apache in such a way that PHP has problems
interpreting .php files.</p>
<p> The problems occur when two different (and conflicting) set of directives
are used:</p>
<pre>
SetOutputFilter PHP
SetInputFilter PHP
</pre>
<p> and</p>
<pre>AddType application/x-httpd-php .php</pre>
<p> In the case we saw, one set of directives was in
<tt>/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</tt>, while
the other set was in <tt>/etc/httpd/conf/addon-modules/php.conf</tt>.<br />
The recommended way is with <tt>AddType</tt>, so just comment out
the first set of lines and restart Apache:</p>
<pre>
#SetOutputFilter PHP
#SetInputFilter PHP
</pre>
<h4 id="faq1_30">
<a href="#faq1_30">1.30 I get the error "navigation.php: Missing hash".</a></h4>
<p> This problem is known to happen when the server is running Turck MMCache
but upgrading MMCache to version 2.3.21 solves the problem.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_31">
<a href="#faq1_31">1.31 Does phpMyAdmin support php5?</a></h4>
<p> Yes.<br />
However, phpMyAdmin needs to be backwards compatible to php4. This is why
phpMyAdmin disables the <tt>E_STRICT</tt> error_level in
<tt>error_reporting</tt> settings.
</p>
<h4 id="faq1_32">
<a href="#faq1_32">1.32 Can I use <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> authentication with <abbr title="Internet Information Services">IIS</abbr>?</a></h4>
<p> Yes. This procedure was tested with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, PHP 4.3.9 in <abbr title="Internet Server Application Programming Interface">ISAPI</abbr>
mode under <abbr title="Internet Information Services">IIS</abbr> 5.1.</p>
<ol><li>In your <tt>php.ini</tt> file, set <tt>cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0</tt></li>
<li>In <tt>Web Site Properties -> File/Directory Security -> Anonymous
Access</tt> dialog box, check the <tt>Anonymous access</tt> checkbox and
uncheck any other checkboxes (i.e. uncheck <tt>Basic authentication</tt>,
<tt>Integrated Windows authentication</tt>, and <tt>Digest</tt> if it's
enabled.) Click <tt>OK</tt>.</li>
<li>In <tt>Custom Errors</tt>, select the range of <tt>401;1</tt> through
<tt>401;5</tt> and click the <tt>Set to Default</tt> button.</li>
</ol>
<h4 id="faq1_33">
<a href="#faq1_33">1.33 Is there a problem with the mysqli extension when running
PHP 5.0.4 on 64-bit systems?</a></h4>
<p> Yes. This problem affects phpMyAdmin ("Call to undefined function
pma_reloadnavigation"), so upgrade your PHP to the next version.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_34">
<a href="#faq1_34">1.34 Can I access directly to database or table pages?</a></h4>
<p> Yes. Out of the box, you can use <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr>s like
http://server/phpMyAdmin/index.php?server=X&db=database&table=table&target=script. For <tt>server</tt> you use the server number which refers to
the order of the server paragraph in <tt>config.inc.php</tt>.
Table and script parts are optional. If you want
http://server/phpMyAdmin/database[/table][/script] <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr>s, you need to do
some configuration. Following lines apply only for <a
href="http://httpd.apache.org">Apache</a> web server. First make sure,
that you have enabled some features within global configuration. You need
<code>Options FollowSymLinks</code> and <code>AllowOverride
FileInfo</code> enabled for directory where phpMyAdmin is installed and
you need mod_rewrite to be enabled. Then you just need to create following
<code>.htaccess</code> file in root folder of phpMyAdmin installation
(don't forget to change directory name inside of it):</p>
<pre>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /path_to_phpMyAdmin
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2&target=$3 [R]
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&target=$2 [R]
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2 [R]
RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1 [R]
</pre>
<h4 id="faq1_35">
<a href="#faq1_35">1.35 Can I use <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> authentication with Apache <abbr title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</abbr>?</a></h4>
<p> Yes. However you need to pass authentication variable to <abbr title="Common Gateway Interface">CGI</abbr> using
following rewrite rule:</p>
<pre>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule .* - [E=REMOTE_USER:%{HTTP:Authorization},L]
</pre>
<h4 id="faq1_36">
<a href="#faq1_36">1.36 I get an error "500 Internal Server Error".</a>
</h4>
<p>
There can be many explanations to this and a look at your server's
error log file might give a clue.
</p>
<h4 id="faq1_37">
<a href="#faq1_37">1.37 I run phpMyAdmin on cluster of different machines and
password encryption in cookie auth doesn't work.</a></h4>
<p> If your cluster consist of different architectures, PHP code used for
encryption/decryption won't work correct. This is caused by use of
pack/unpack functions in code. Only solution is to use mcrypt extension
which works fine in this case.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_38">
<a href="#faq1_38">1.38 Can I use phpMyAdmin on a server on which Suhosin is enabled?</a></h4>
<p> Yes but the default configuration values of Suhosin are known to cause
problems with some operations, for example editing a table with many
columns and no primary key. Tuning information is available at
<a href="http://www.hardened-php.net/hphp/troubleshooting.html">
http://www.hardened-php.net/hphp/troubleshooting.html</a>,
although the parameter names have changed (<tt>suhosin</tt> instead
of <tt>hphp</tt>). See also the <a href="#cfg_SuhosinDisableWarning">
<tt>SuhosinDisableWarning</tt> directive</a>.
</p>
<h4 id="faq1_39">
<a href="#faq1_39">1.39 When I try to connect via https, I can log in,
but then my connection is redirected back to http. What can cause this
behavior?</a></h4>
<p> Be sure that you have enabled <tt>SSLOptions</tt> and <tt>StdEnvVars</tt>
in your Apache configuration. See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_ssl.html#ssloptions">http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/mod/mod_ssl.html#ssloptions</a>.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_40">
<a href="#faq1_40">1.40 When accessing phpMyAdmin via an Apache reverse proxy, cookie login does not work,</a></h4>
<p>To be able to use cookie auth Apache must know that it has to rewrite the set-cookie headers.<br />
Example from the Apache 2.2 documentation:</p>
<pre>
ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/
ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/
ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain backend.example.com public.example.com
ProxyPassReverseCookiePath / /mirror/foo/
</pre>
<p>Note: if the backend url looks like http://host/~user/phpmyadmin,
the tilde (~) must be url encoded as %7E in the ProxyPassReverse* lines.
This is not specific to phpmyadmin, it's just the behavior of Apache.
</p>
<pre>
ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/~user/phpmyadmin
ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/
http://backend.example.com/%7Euser/phpmyadmin
ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /%7Euser/phpmyadmin /mirror/foo
</pre>
<p>See <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html">http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html</a>
for more details.</p>
<h4 id="faq1_41">
<a href="#faq1_41">1.41 When I view a database and ask to see its
privileges, I get an error about an unknown column.</a></h4>
<p> The MySQL server's privilege tables are not up to date, you need to run
the <tt>mysql_upgrade</tt> command on the server.</p>
<h3 id="faqconfig">Configuration</h3>
<h4 id="faq2_1">
<a href="#faq2_1">2.1 The error message "Warning: Cannot add header information -
headers already sent by ..." is displayed, what's the problem?</a></h4>
<p> Edit your <i>config.inc.php</i> file and ensure there is nothing
(I.E. no blank lines, no spaces, no characters...) neither before the
<tt><?php</tt> tag at the beginning, neither after the <tt>?></tt>
tag at the end. We also got a report from a user under IIS, that used
a zipped distribution kit: the file <tt>libraries/Config.class.php</tt>
contained an end-of-line character (hex 0A) at the end; removing this character
cleared his errors.</p>
<h4 id="faq2_2">
<a href="#faq2_2">2.2 phpMyAdmin can't connect to MySQL. What's wrong?</a></h4>
<p> Either there is an error with your PHP setup or your username/password is
wrong. Try to make a small script which uses mysql_connect and see if it
works. If it doesn't, it may be you haven't even compiled MySQL support
into PHP.</p>
<h4 id="faq2_3">
<a href="#faq2_3">2.3 The error message "Warning: MySQL Connection Failed: Can't
connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock'
(111) ..." is displayed. What can I do?</a></h4>
<p> For RedHat users, Harald Legner suggests this on the mailing list:</p>
<p> On my RedHat-Box the socket of MySQL is <i>/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock</i>.
In your <i>php.ini</i> you will find a line</p>
<pre>mysql.default_socket = /tmp/mysql.sock</pre>
<p> change it to</p>
<pre>mysql.default_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock</pre>
<p> Then restart apache and it will work.</p>
<p> Here is a fix suggested by Brad Ummer:</p>
<ul><li>First, you need to determine what socket is being used by MySQL.<br />
To do this, telnet to your server and go to the MySQL bin directory. In
this directory there should be a file named <i>mysqladmin</i>. Type
<tt>./mysqladmin variables</tt>, and this should give you a bunch of
info about your MySQL server, including the socket
(<i>/tmp/mysql.sock</i>, for example).</li>
<li>Then, you need to tell PHP to use this socket.<br /> To do this in
phpMyAdmin, you need to complete the socket information in the
<i>config.inc.php</i>.<br />
For example:
<a href="#cfg_Servers_socket" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket'] = '/tmp/mysql.sock';</a>
<br /><br />
Please also make sure that the permissions of this file allow to be readable
by your webserver (i.e. '0755').</li>
</ul>
<p> Have also a look at the
<a href="http://www.mysql.com/doc/C/a/Can_not_connect_to_server.html">
corresponding section of the MySQL documentation</a>.</p>
<h4 id="faq2_4">
<a href="#faq2_4">2.4 Nothing is displayed by my browser when I try to run phpMyAdmin,
what can I do?</a></h4>
<p> Try to set the <a href="#cfg_OBGzip" class="configrule">$cfg['OBGZip']</a>
directive to <tt>FALSE</tt> in the phpMyAdmin configuration file. It helps
sometime.<br />
Also have a look at your PHP version number: if it contains "4.0b..."
it means you're running a beta version of PHP. That's not a so good idea,
please upgrade to a plain revision.</p>
<h4 id="faq2_5">
<a href="#faq2_5">2.5 Each time I want to insert or change a record or drop a database
or a table, an error 404 (page not found) is displayed or, with <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or
cookie authentication, I'm asked to log in again. What's wrong?</a></h4>
<p> Check the value you set for the
<a href="#cfg_PmaAbsoluteUri" class="configrule">$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']</a>
directive in the phpMyAdmin configuration file.</p>
<h4 id="faq2_6">
<a href="#faq2_6">2.6 I get an "Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Using
password: YES)"-error when trying to access a MySQL-Server on a
host which is port-forwarded for my localhost.</a></h4>
<p> When you are using a port on your localhost, which you redirect via
port-forwarding to another host, MySQL is not resolving the localhost
as expected.<br />
Erik Wasser explains: The solution is: if your host is "localhost"
MySQL (the commandline tool 'mysql' as well) always tries to use the socket
connection for speeding up things. And that doesn't work in this configuration
with port forwarding.<br />
If you enter "127.0.0.1" as hostname, everything is right and MySQL uses the
<abbr title="Transmission Control Protocol">TCP</abbr> connection.</p>
<h4 id="faqthemes"><a href="#faqthemes">2.7 Using and creating themes</a></h4>
<p> Themes are configured with
<a href="#cfg_ThemePath" class="configrule">$cfg['ThemePath']</a>,
<a href="#cfg_ThemeManager" class="configrule">$cfg['ThemeManager']</a> and
<a href="#cfg_ThemeDefault" class="configrule">$cfg['ThemeDefault']</a>.<br />
<br />
Under <a href="#cfg_ThemePath" class="configrule">$cfg['ThemePath']</a>, you
should not delete the directory "original" or its underlying
structure, because this is the system theme used by phpMyAdmin.
"original" contains all images and styles, for backwards
compatibility and for all themes that would not include images or css-files.
<br /><br />
If <a href="#cfg_ThemeManager" class="configrule">$cfg['ThemeManager']</a>
is enabled, you can select your favorite theme on the main page. Your
selected theme will be stored in a cookie.<br /><br /></p>
<p> To create a theme:</p>
<ul><li>make a new subdirectory (for example "your_theme_name") under
<a href="#cfg_ThemePath" class="configrule">$cfg['ThemePath']</a>
(by default <tt>themes</tt>)</li>
<li>copy the files and directories from "original" to
"your_theme_name"</li>
<li>edit the css-files in "your_theme_name/css"</li>
<li>put your new images in "your_theme_name/img"</li>
<li>edit <tt>layout.inc.php</tt> in "your_theme_name"</li>
<li>edit <tt>info.inc.php</tt> in "your_theme_name" to
contain your chosen theme name, that will be visible in user interface</li>
<li>make a new screenshot of your theme and save it under
"your_theme_name/screen.png"</li>
</ul>
<p> In theme directory there is file <tt>info.inc.php</tt> which contains
theme verbose name, theme generation and theme version. These versions and
generations are enumerated from 1 and do not have any direct dependence on
phpMyAdmin version. Themes within same generation should be backwards
compatible - theme with version 2 should work in phpMyAdmin requiring
version 1. Themes with different generation are incompatible.</p>
<p> If you do not want to use your own symbols and buttons, remove the
directory "img" in "your_theme_name". phpMyAdmin will
use the default icons and buttons (from the system-theme "original").
</p>
<h4 id="faqmissingparameters">
<a href="#faqmissingparameters">2.8 I get "Missing parameters" errors,
what can I do?</a></h4>
<p> Here are a few points to check:</p>
<ul><li>In <tt>config.inc.php</tt>, try to leave the
<a href="#cfg_PmaAbsoluteUri" class="configrule">$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']</a>
directive empty. See also
<a href="#faq4_7"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 4.7</a>.
</li>
<li>Maybe you have a broken PHP installation or you need to upgrade
your Zend Optimizer. See
<a href="http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134">
http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134</a>.
</li>
<li>If you are using Hardened PHP with the ini directive <tt>varfilter.max_request_variables</tt>
set to the default (200) or another low value, you could get this
error if your table has a high number of columns. Adjust this setting
accordingly. (Thanks to Klaus Dorninger for the hint).
</li>
<li>In the <tt>php.ini</tt> directive <tt>arg_separator.input</tt>, a value
of ";" will cause this error. Replace it with "&;".
</li>
<li>If you are using <a href="http://www.hardened-php.net/">Hardened-PHP</a>,
you might want to increase
<a href="http://www.hardened-php.net/hphp/troubleshooting.html">request limits</a>.
</li>
<li>The directory specified in the <tt>php.ini</tt> directive <tt>session.save_path</tt> does not exist or is read-only.
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq2_9">
<a href="#faq2_9">2.9 Seeing an upload progress bar</a></h4>
<p> To be able to see a progress bar during your uploads, your server must
have either the <a href="http://pecl.php.net/package/APC">APC</a> extension
or the <a href="http://pecl.php.net/package/uploadprogress">uploadprogress</a>
one. Moreover, the JSON extension has to be enabled in your PHP.</p>
<p> If using APC, you must set <tt>apc.rfc1867</tt> to <tt>on</tt> in your php.ini.</p>
<h3 id="faqlimitations">Known limitations</h3>
<h4 id="login_bug">
<a href="#login_bug">3.1 When using
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> authentication, an user
who logged out can not log in again in with the same nick.</a></h4>
<p> This is related to the authentication mechanism (protocol) used by
phpMyAdmin. To bypass this problem: just close all the opened
browser windows and then go back to phpMyAdmin. You should be able to
log in again.</p>
<h4 id="faq3_2">
<a href="#faq3_2">3.2 When dumping a large table in compressed mode, I get a memory
limit error or a time limit error.</a></h4>
<p> Compressed dumps are built in memory and because of this are limited to
php's memory limit. For GZip/BZip2 exports this can be overcome since 2.5.4
using
<a href="#cfg_CompressOnFly" class="configrule">$cfg['CompressOnFly']</a>
(enabled by default). Zip exports can not be handled this way, so if you need
Zip files for larger dump, you have to use another way.</p>
<h4 id="faq3_3">
<a href="#faq3_3">3.3 With InnoDB tables, I lose foreign key relationships
when I rename a table or a column.</a></h4>
<p> This is an InnoDB bug, see <a href="http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=21704">http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=21704</a>.</p>
<h4 id="faq3_4">
<a href="#faq3_4">3.4 I am unable to import dumps I created with the mysqldump tool
bundled with the MySQL server distribution.</a></h4>
<p> The problem is that older versions of mysqldump created invalid comments like this:</p>
<pre>
-- MySQL dump 8.22
--
-- Host: localhost Database: database
---------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version 3.23.54
</pre>
<p> The invalid part of the code is the horizontal line made of dashes that
appears once in every dump created with mysqldump. If you want to run your
dump you have to turn it into valid MySQL. This means, you have to add a
whitespace after the first two dashes of the line or add a # before it:
<br />
<code>
-- -------------------------------------------------------<br />
</code>
or<br />
<code>
#---------------------------------------------------------
</code>
</p>
<h4 id="faq3_5">
<a href="#faq3_5">3.5 When using nested folders there are some multiple hierarchies
displayed in a wrong manner?!</a> (<a href="#cfg_LeftFrameTableSeparator"
class="configrule">$cfg['LeftFrameTableSeparator']</a>)</h4>
<p> Please note that you should not use the separating string multiple times
without any characters between them, or at the beginning/end of your table
name. If you have to, think about using another TableSeparator or disabling
that feature</p>
<h4 id="faq3_6">
<a href="#faq3_6">3.6 What is currently not supported in phpMyAdmin about InnoDB?</a></h4>
<p> In Relation view, being able to choose a table in another database,
or having more than one index field in the foreign key.<br /><br/>
In Query-by-example (Query), automatic generation of the query
LEFT JOIN from the foreign table.<br /><br/>
</p>
<h4 id="faq3_7">
<a href="#faq3_7">3.7 I have table with many (100+) fields and when I try to browse table
I get series of errors like "Warning: unable to parse url". How
can this be fixed?</a></h4>
<p>
Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must use a
long expression to identify this row. This causes problems to parse_url
function. The workaround is to create a primary or unique key.
<br />
</p>
<h4 id="faq3_8">
<a href="#faq3_8">3.8 I cannot use (clickable) HTML-forms in fields where I put
a MIME-Transformation onto!</a></h4>
<p> Due to a surrounding form-container (for multi-row delete checkboxes), no
nested forms can be put inside the table where phpMyAdmin displays the results.
You can, however, use any form inside of a table if keep the parent
form-container with the target to tbl_row_delete.php and just put your own
input-elements inside. If you use a custom submit input field, the form will
submit itself to the displaying page again, where you can validate the
$HTTP_POST_VARS in a transformation.
For a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our
<a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/docs.php">Link section</a>
on the official phpMyAdmin-homepage.</p>
<h4 id="faq3_9">
<a href="#faq3_9">3.9 I get error messages when using "--sql_mode=ANSI" for the
MySQL server</a></h4>
<p> When MySQL is running in ANSI-compatibility mode, there are some major
differences in how <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> is
structured (see <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/ANSI_mode.html">
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/ANSI_mode.html</a>). Most important of all,
the quote-character (") is interpreted as an identifier quote character and
not as a string quote character, which makes many internal phpMyAdmin
operations into invalid <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>
statements. There is no workaround to this behaviour. News to this item will
be posted in Bug report
<a href="https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=816858&group_id=23067&atid=377408">#816858</a>
</p>
<h4 id="faq3_10">
<a href="#faq3_10">3.10 Homonyms and no primary key: When the results of a SELECT display
more that one column with the same value
(for example <tt>SELECT lastname from employees where firstname like 'A%'</tt> and two "Smith" values are displayed),
if I click Edit I cannot be sure that I am editing the intended row.</a></h4>
<p> Please make sure that your table has a primary key, so that phpMyAdmin
can use it for the Edit and Delete links.</p>
<h4 id="faq3_11">
<a href="#faq3_11">3.11 The number of records for InnoDB tables is not correct.</a></h4>
<p> phpMyAdmin uses a quick method to get the row count, and this method
only returns an approximate count in the case of InnoDB tables. See
<a href="#cfg_MaxExactCount" class="configrule">$cfg['MaxExactCount']</a> for
a way to modify those results, but
this could have a serious impact on performance.</p>
<h4 id="faq3_12">
<a href="#faq3_12">3.12 What are the phpMyAdmin limitations for MySQL 3?</a></h4>
<p> The number of records in queries containing COUNT and GROUP BY is
not correctly calculated. Also, sorting results of a query like
"SELECT * from table GROUP BY" ... is problematic.</p>
<h4 id="faq3_13">
<a href="#faq3_13">3.13 I get an error when entering <tt>USE</tt> followed by a db name
containing an hyphen.
</a></h4>
<p>
The tests I have made with current MySQL 4.1.11 API shows that the
API does not accept this syntax for the USE command. Enclosing the
db name with backquotes works. For further confusion, no backquotes
are needed with command-line mysql.
</p>
<h4 id="faq3_14">
<a href="#faq3_14">3.14 I am not able to browse a table when I don't have the right to SELECT one of the columns.</a></h4>
<p>
This has been a known limitation of phpMyAdmin since the beginning and
it's not likely to be solved in the future.
</p>
<!-- Begin: Excel import limitations -->
<h4 id="faq3_15">
<a href="#faq3_15">3.15 When I import an Excel spreadsheet, some cells with calculations do not display correctly.</a></h4>
<p>
phpMyAdmin uses the <a href="http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel/" target="_blank">PHPExcel</a> library to parse Excel XLS and XLSX spreadsheets.
Therefore, any limitations that are listed on their page regarding Excel calculations will also apply here.
<br /><br />
PHPExcel will be kept up to date so as to make all improvements available to phpMyAdmin users.
</p>
<h4 id="faq3_16">
<a href="#faq3_16">3.16 When I compress (gzip, bzip2, zip) an Excel workbook and attempt to import it, nothing happens.</a></h4>
<p>
Since Excel XLSX workbooks are already compressed, there is often times only a small benefit from compressing them yet again.
Support for compressed Excel XLSX and XLS workbooks may be added in the future.
</p>
<h4 id="faq3_17">
<a href="#faq3_17">3.17 When I import an Excel spreadsheet, my custom cell types are not represented as they are in Excel.</a></h4>
<p>
Excel's internal representation of custom cell types is rather muddled (especially in Excel 97-2003 binary XLS files). If possible,
consider using a built-in type. These are almost always guarenteed to import correctly.
</p>
<!-- End: Excel import limitations -->
<!-- Begin: CSV import limitations -->
<h4 id="faq3_18">
<a href="#faq3_18">3.18 When I import a CSV file that contains multiple tables, they are lumped together into a single table.</a></h4>
<p>
There is no reliable way to differetiate tables in CSV format. For the time being, you will have to break apart CSV files containing multiple tables.
</p>
<!-- End: CSV import limitations -->
<!-- Begin: Import type-detection limitations -->
<h4 id="faq3_19">
<a href="#faq3_19">3.19 When I import a file and have phpMyAdmin determine the appropriate data structure it only uses int, decimal, and varchar types.</a></h4>
<p>
Currently, the import type-detection system can only assign these MySQL types to columns. In future, more will likely be added but for the time being
you will have to edit the structure to your liking post-import.
<br /><br />
Also, you should note the fact that phpMyAdmin will use the size of the largest item in any given column as the column size for the appropriate type. If you
know you will be adding larger items to that column then you should manually adjust the column sizes accordingly. This is done for the sake of efficiency.
</p>
<!-- End: Import type-detection limitations -->
<h3 id="faqmultiuser"><abbr title="Internet service provider">ISP</abbr>s, multi-user installations</h3>
<h4 id="faq4_1">
<a href="#faq4_1">4.1 I'm an <abbr title="Internet service provider">ISP</abbr>. Can I setup one central copy of phpMyAdmin or do I
need to install it for each customer.
</a></h4>
<p>
Since version 2.0.3, you can setup a central copy of phpMyAdmin for all
your users. The development of this feature was kindly sponsored by
NetCologne GmbH.
This requires a properly setup MySQL user management and phpMyAdmin
<abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or cookie authentication. See the install section on
"Using <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> authentication".
</p>
<h4 id="faq4_2">
<a href="#faq4_2">4.2 What's the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evil
access.
</a></h4>
<p>
This depends on your system.<br />
If you're running a server which cannot be accessed by other people, it's
sufficient to use the directory protection bundled with your webserver
(with Apache you can use <i>.htaccess</i> files, for example).<br />
If other people have telnet access to your server, you should use
phpMyAdmin's <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> or cookie authentication features.
<br /><br />
Suggestions:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
Your <i>config.inc.php</i> file should be <tt>chmod 660</tt>.
</li>
<li>
All your phpMyAdmin files should be chown -R phpmy.apache, where phpmy
is a user whose password is only known to you, and apache is the
group under which Apache runs.
</li>
<li>
You should use PHP safe mode, to protect from other users that try
to include your <i>config.inc.php</i> in their scripts.
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq4_3">
<a href="#faq4_3">4.3 I get errors about not being able to include a file in
<i>/lang</i> or in <i>/libraries</i>.
</a></h4>
<p>
Check <i>php.ini</i>, or ask your sysadmin to check it. The
<tt>include_path</tt> must contain "." somewhere in it, and
<tt>open_basedir</tt>, if used, must contain "." and
"./lang" to allow normal operation of phpMyAdmin.
</p>
<h4 id="faq4_4">
<a href="#faq4_4">4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives "Access denied" when using <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>
authentication.
</a></h4>
<p> This could happen for several reasons:</p>
<ul><li><a href="#cfg_Servers_controluser" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']</a>
and/or
<a href="#cfg_Servers_controlpass" class="configrule">$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']</a>
are wrong.</li>
<li>The username/password you specify in the login dialog are invalid.</li>
<li>You have already setup a security mechanism for the
phpMyAdmin-directory, eg. a .htaccess file. This would interfere with
phpMyAdmin's authentication, so remove it.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq4_5">
<a href="#faq4_5">4.5 Is it possible to let users create their own databases?</a></h4>
<p> Starting with 2.2.5, in the user management page, you can enter a wildcard
database name for a user (for example "joe%"),
and put the privileges you want. For example,
adding <tt>SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER</tt>
would let a user create/manage his/her database(s).</p>
<h4 id="faq4_6">
<a href="#faq4_6">4.6 How can I use the Host-based authentication additions?</a></h4>
<p> If you have existing rules from an old .htaccess file, you can take them
and add a username between the <tt>'deny'</tt>/<tt>'allow'</tt> and
<tt>'from'</tt> strings. Using the username wildcard of <tt>'%'</tt> would
be a major benefit here if your installation is suited to using it. Then
you can just add those updated lines into the
<a href="#cfg_Servers_AllowDeny_rules" class="configrule">
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']</a> array.</p>
<p> If you want a pre-made sample, you can try this fragment. It stops the
'root' user from logging in from any networks other than the private
network <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> blocks.</p>
<pre>
//block root from logging in except from the private networks
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order'] = 'deny,allow';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules'] = array(
'deny root from all',
'allow root from localhost',
'allow root from 10.0.0.0/8',
'allow root from 192.168.0.0/16',
'allow root from 172.16.0.0/12',
);
</pre>
<h4 id="faq4_7">
<a href="#faq4_7">4.7 Authentication window is displayed more than once, why?</a></h4>
<p> This happens if you are using a <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr> to start phpMyAdmin which is
different than the one set in your
<a href="#cfg_PmaAbsoluteUri" class="configrule">$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']</a>.
For example, a missing "www", or entering with an <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> address
while a domain name is defined in the config file.</p>
<h4 id="faq4_8">
<a href="#faq4_8">4.8 Which parameters can I use in the URL that starts phpMyAdmin?</a></h4>
<p>When starting phpMyAdmin, you can use the <tt>db</tt>, <tt>pma_username</tt>, <tt>pma_password</tt> and <tt>server</tt> parameters. This last one can contain either the numeric host index (from <tt>$i</tt> of the configuration file) or one of the host names present in the configuration file. Using <tt>pma_username</tt> and <tt>pma_password</tt> has been tested along with the usage of 'cookie' <tt>auth_type</tt>.</p>
<h3 id="faqbrowsers">Browsers or client <abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr></h3>
<h4 id="faq5_1">
<a href="#faq5_1">5.1 I get an out of memory error, and my controls are non-functional,
when trying to create a table with more than 14 fields.
</a></h4>
<p>
We could reproduce this problem only under Win98/98SE. Testing under
WinNT4 or Win2K, we could easily create more than 60 fields.
<br />
A workaround is to create a smaller number of fields, then come back to
your table properties and add the other fields.
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_2">
<a href="#faq5_2">5.2 With Xitami 2.5b4, phpMyAdmin won't process form fields.</a></h4>
<p>
This is not a phpMyAdmin problem but a Xitami known bug: you'll face it
with each script/website that use forms.<br />
Upgrade or downgrade your Xitami server.
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_3">
<a href="#faq5_3">5.3 I have problems dumping tables with Konqueror (phpMyAdmin 2.2.2).</a></h4>
<p>
With Konqueror 2.1.1: plain dumps, zip and GZip dumps work ok, except that
the proposed file name for the dump is always 'tbl_dump.php'. Bzip2 dumps
don't seem to work.<br />
With Konqueror 2.2.1: plain dumps work; zip dumps are placed into
the user's temporary directory, so they must be moved before closing
Konqueror, or else they disappear. GZip dumps give an error message.<br />
Testing needs to be done for Konqueror 2.2.2.<br />
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_4">
<a href="#faq5_4">5.4 I can't use the cookie authentication mode because Internet
Explorer never stores the cookies.
</a></h4>
<p>
MS Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least till
version 6. And thanks to Andrew Zivolup we've traced also a PHP 4.1.1 bug
in this area!
<br />
Then, if you're running PHP 4.1.1, try to upgrade or downgrade... it may
work!
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_5">
<a href="#faq5_5">5.5 In Internet Explorer 5.0, I get JavaScript errors when browsing my
rows.
</a></h4>
<p>
Upgrade to at least Internet Explorer 5.5 SP2.<br />
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_6">
<a href="#faq5_6">5.6 In Internet Explorer 5.0, 5.5 or 6.0, I get an error (like "Page not found")
when trying to modify a row in a table with many fields, or with a text field
</a></h4>
<p>
Your table neither have a primary key nor an unique one, so we must use a
long <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr> to identify this row. There is a limit on the length of the <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr> in
those browsers, and this not happen in Netscape, for example. The
workaround is to create a primary or unique key, or use another browser.
<br />
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_7">
<a href="#faq5_7">5.7 I refresh (reload) my browser, and come back to the welcome
page.
</a></h4>
<p>
Some browsers support right-clicking into the frame you want to refresh,
just do this in the right frame.<br />
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_8">
<a href="#faq5_8">5.8 With Mozilla 0.9.7 I have problems sending a query modified in the
query box.
</a></h4>
<p>
Looks like a Mozilla bug: 0.9.6 was OK. We will keep an eye on future
Mozilla versions.<br />
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_9">
<a href="#faq5_9">5.9 With Mozilla 0.9.? to 1.0 and Netscape 7.0-PR1 I can't type a
whitespace in the <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>-Query edit area: the page scrolls down.
</a></h4>
<p>
This is a Mozilla bug (see bug #26882 at
<a href="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/">BugZilla</a>).<br />
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_10">
<a href="#faq5_10">5.10 With Netscape 4.75 I get empty rows between each row of data in a
<abbr title="comma separated values">CSV</abbr> exported file.
</a></h4>
<p>
This is a known Netscape 4.75 bug: it adds some line feeds when exporting
data in octet-stream mode. Since we can't detect the specific Netscape
version, we cannot workaround this bug.
</p>
<h4 id="faq5_11">
<a href="#faq5_11">5.11 Extended-ASCII characters like German umlauts are displayed
wrong.</a></h4>
<p> Please ensure that you have set your browser's character set to the one of the
language file you have selected on phpMyAdmin's start page.
Alternatively, you can try the auto detection mode that is supported by the
recent versions of the most browsers.</p>
<h4 id="faq5_12">
<a href="#faq5_12">5.12 <acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym> <abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr> X: Safari browser changes special characters to
"?".</a></h4>
<p> This issue has been reported by a <abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr> X user, who adds that Chimera,
Netscape and Mozilla do not have this problem.</p>
<h4 id="faq5_13">
<a href="#faq5_13">5.13 With Internet Explorer 5.5 or 6, and <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> authentication type,
I cannot manage two servers: I log in to the first one, then the other one,
but if I switch back to the first, I have to log in on each operation.</a></h4>
<p> This is a bug in Internet Explorer, other browsers do not behave this way.</p>
<h4 id="faq5_14">
<a href="#faq5_14">5.14 Using Opera6, I can manage to get to the authentication,
but nothing happens after that, only a blank screen.</a></h4>
<p> Please upgrade to Opera7 at least.</p>
<h4 id="faq5_15">
<a href="#faq5_15">5.15 I have display problems with Safari.</a></h4>
<p> Please upgrade to at least version 1.2.3.</p>
<h4 id="faq5_16">
<a href="#faq5_16">5.16 With Internet Explorer, I get "Access is denied"
Javascript errors. Or I cannot make phpMyAdmin work under Windows.</a></h4>
<p> Please check the following points:</p>
<ul><li>Maybe you have defined your <tt>PmaAbsoluteUri</tt> setting
in <tt>config.inc.php</tt> to an <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr>
address and you are starting
phpMyAdmin with a <abbr title="Uniform Resource Locator">URL</abbr>
containing a domain name, or the reverse situation.</li>
<li>Security settings in IE and/or Microsoft Security Center are
too high, thus blocking scripts execution.</li>
<li>The Windows Firewall is blocking Apache and MySQL. You must
allow <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr> ports
(80 or 443) and MySQL port (usually 3306)
in the "in" and "out" directions.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq5_17">
<a href="#faq5_17">5.17 With Firefox, I cannot delete rows of data or drop a database.</a></h4>
<p> Many users have confirmed that the Tabbrowser Extensions plugin they
installed in their Firefox is causing the problem.</p>
<h4 id="faq5_18">
<a href="#faq5_18">5.18 With Konqueror 4.2.x an invalid <tt>LIMIT</tt>
clause is generated when I browse a table.</a></h4>
<p> This happens only when both of these conditions are met: using the
<tt>http</tt> authentication mode and <tt>register_globals</tt> being set
to <tt>On</tt> on the server. It seems to be a browser-specific problem;
meanwhile use the <tt>cookie</tt> authentication mode.</p>
<h3 id="faqusing">Using phpMyAdmin</h3>
<h4 id="faq6_1">
<a href="#faq6_1">6.1 I can't insert new rows into a table / I can't create a table
- MySQL brings up a <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>-error.
</a></h4>
<p>
Examine the <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> error with care. Often the problem is caused by
specifying a wrong field-type.<br />
Common errors include:
</p>
<ul>
<li>Using <tt>VARCHAR</tt> without a size argument</li>
<li>Using <tt>TEXT</tt> or <tt>BLOB</tt> with a size argument</li>
</ul>
<p>
Also, look at the syntax chapter in the MySQL manual to confirm that your
syntax is correct.
</p>
<h4 id="faq6_2">
<a href="#faq6_2">6.2 When I create a table, I set an index for two fields and
phpMyAdmin generates only one index with those two fields.
</a></h4>
<p>
This is the way to create a multi-fields
index. If you want two indexes, create the first one when creating the
table, save, then display the table properties and click the Index link to
create the other index.
</p>
<h4 id="faq6_3">
<a href="#faq6_3">6.3 How can I insert a null value into my table?</a></h4>
<p>
Since version 2.2.3, you have a checkbox for each field that can be null.
Before 2.2.3, you had to enter "null", without the quotes, as the
field's value. Since version 2.5.5, you have to use the checkbox to get
a real NULL value, so if you enter "NULL" this means you want
a literal NULL in the field, and not a NULL value (this works in PHP4).
</p>
<h4 id="faq6_4">
<a href="#faq6_4">6.4 How can I backup my database or table?</a></h4>
<p> Click on a database or table name in the left frame, the properties will be
displayed. Then on the menu, click "Export", you can dump
the structure, the data, or both. This will generate standard <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>
statements that can be used to recreate your database/table.
<br /><br />
You will need to choose "Save as file", so that phpMyAdmin can
transmit the resulting dump to your station. Depending on your PHP
configuration, you will see options to compress the dump. See also the
<a href="#cfg_ExecTimeLimit" class="configrule">$cfg['ExecTimeLimit']</a>
configuration variable.<br /><br />
For additional help on this subject, look for the word "dump" in
this document.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_5">
<a href="#faq6_5">6.5 How can I restore (upload) my database or table using a dump?
How can I run a ".sql" file?
</a></h4>
<p> Click on a database name in the left frame, the properties will be
displayed. Select "Import" from the list
of tabs in the right–hand frame (or "<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>" if your phpMyAdmin
version is previous to 2.7.0). In the "Location of the text file" section, type in
the path to your dump filename, or use the Browse button. Then click Go.
<br /><br />
With version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written, if possible it is suggested
that you upgrade to take advantage of the new features.
<br /><br />
For additional help on this subject, look for the word "upload"
in this document.
</p>
<h4 id="faq6_6">
<a href="#faq6_6">6.6 How can I use the relation table in Query-by-example?</a></h4>
<p> Here is an example with the tables persons, towns and countries, all
located in the database mydb. If you don't have a <tt>pma_relation</tt>
table, create it as explained in the configuration section. Then create the
example tables:</p>
<pre>
CREATE TABLE REL_countries (
country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',
description varchar(10) NOT NULL default '',
PRIMARY KEY (country_code)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
INSERT INTO REL_countries VALUES ('C', 'Canada');
CREATE TABLE REL_persons (
id tinyint(4) NOT NULL auto_increment,
person_name varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
town_code varchar(5) default '0',
country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',
PRIMARY KEY (id)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (11, 'Marc', 'S', '');
INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (15, 'Paul', 'S', 'C');
CREATE TABLE REL_towns (
town_code varchar(5) NOT NULL default '0',
description varchar(30) NOT NULL default '',
PRIMARY KEY (town_code)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('S', 'Sherbrooke');
INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('M', 'Montréal');
</pre>
<p> To setup appropriate links and display information:</p>
<ul><li>on table "REL_persons" click Structure, then Relation view</li>
<li>in Links, for "town_code" choose "REL_towns->code"</li>
<li>in Links, for "country_code" choose "REL_countries->country_code"</li>
<li>on table "REL_towns" click Structure, then Relation view</li>
<li>in "Choose field to display", choose "description"</li>
<li>repeat the two previous steps for table "REL_countries"</li>
</ul>
<p> Then test like this:</p>
<ul><li>Click on your db name in the left frame</li>
<li>Choose "Query"</li>
<li>Use tables: persons, towns, countries</li>
<li>Click "Update query"</li>
<li>In the fields row, choose persons.person_name and click the
"Show" tickbox </li>
<li>Do the same for towns.description and countries.descriptions in the
other 2 columns</li>
<li>Click "Update query" and you will see in the query box that
the correct joins have been generated</li>
<li>Click "Submit query"</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faqdisplay">
<a href="#faqdisplay">6.7 How can I use the "display field" feature?</a></h4>
<p>
Starting from the previous example, create the pma_table_info as explained
in the configuration section, then browse your persons table,
and move the mouse over a town code or country code.
<br /><br />
See also <a href="#faq6_21"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr> 6.21</a> for an additional feature that "display field"
enables: drop-down list of possible values.
</p>
<h4 id="faqpdf">
<a href="#faqpdf">6.8 How can I produce a <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr> schema of my database?</a></h4>
<p>
First the configuration variables "relation",
"table_coords" and "pdf_pages" have to be filled in.
<br /><br />
Then you need to think about your schema layout. Which tables will go on
which pages?
</p>
<ul>
<li>Select your database in the left frame.</li>
<li>Choose "Operations" in the navigation bar at the top.</li>
<li>Choose "Edit <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>
Pages" near the bottom of the page.</li>
<li>Enter a name for the first <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>
page and click Go. If you like, you
can use the "automatic layout," which will put all your
linked tables onto the new page.</li>
<li>Select the name of the new page (making sure the Edit radio button
is selected) and click Go.</li>
<li>Select a table from the list, enter its coordinates and click Save.<br />
Coordinates are relative; your diagram will
be automatically scaled to fit the page. When initially placing tables
on the page, just pick any coordinates -- say, 50x50. After clicking
Save, you can then use the <a href="#wysiwyg">graphical editor</a> to
position the element correctly.</li>
<li>When you'd like to look at your <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>,
first be sure to click the Save
button beneath the list of tables and coordinates, to save any changes
you made there. Then scroll all the way down, select the
<abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr> options
you want, and click Go.</li>
<li>Internet Explorer for Windows may suggest an incorrect filename when
you try to save a generated <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>.
When saving a generated <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>, be
sure that the filename ends in ".pdf", for example
"schema.pdf". Browsers on other operating systems, and other
browsers on Windows, do not have this problem.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq6_9">
<a href="#faq6_9">6.9 phpMyAdmin is changing the type of one of my
columns!</a></h4>
<p> No, it's MySQL that is doing
<a href="http://www.mysql.com/doc/S/i/Silent_column_changes.html">silent
column type changing</a>.</p>
<h4 id="underscore">
<a href="#underscore">6.10 When creating a privilege, what happens with
underscores in the database name?</a></h4>
<p> If you do not put a backslash before the underscore, this is a wildcard
grant, and the underscore means "any character". So, if the
database name is "john_db", the user would get rights to john1db,
john2db ...<br /><br />
If you put a backslash before the underscore, it means that the database
name will have a real underscore.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_11">
<a href="#faq6_11">6.11 What is the curious symbol ø in the
statistics pages?</a></h4>
<p> It means "average".</p>
<h4 id="faqexport">
<a href="#faqexport">6.12 I want to understand some Export options.</a></h4>
<p><b>Structure:</b></p>
<ul><li>"Add DROP TABLE" will add a line telling MySQL to
<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/drop-table.html">drop the table</a>,
if it already exists during the import. It does NOT drop the table after
your export, it only affects the import file.</li>
<li>"If Not Exists" will only create the table if it doesn't exist.
Otherwise, you may get an error if the table name exists but has a
different structure.</li>
<li>"Add AUTO_INCREMENT value" ensures that AUTO_INCREMENT value
(if any) will be included in backup.</li>
<li>"Enclose table and field names with backquotes" ensures that
field and table names formed with special characters are protected.</li>
<li>"Add into comments" includes column comments, relations, and MIME
types set in the pmadb in the dump as
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> comments (<i>/* xxx */</i>).
</li>
</ul>
<p><b>Data:</b></p>
<ul><li>"Complete inserts" adds the column names on every INSERT
command, for better documentation (but resulting file is bigger).</li>
<li>"Extended inserts" provides a shorter dump file by using only
once the INSERT verb and the table name.</li>
<li>"Delayed inserts" are best explained in the
<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert-delayed.html">MySQL manual</a>.
</li>
<li>"Ignore inserts" treats errors as a warning instead. Again,
more info is provided in the
<a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/insert.html">MySQL manual</a>,
but basically with this selected, invalid values are adjusted and
inserted rather than causing the entire statement to fail.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="faq6_13">
<a href="#faq6_13">6.13 I would like to create a database with a dot
in its name.</a></h4>
<p> This is a bad idea, because in MySQL the syntax "database.table"
is the normal way to reference a database and table name. Worse, MySQL
will usually let you create a database with a dot, but then you cannot
work with it, nor delete it.</p>
<h4 id="faqsqlvalidator">
<a href="#faqsqlvalidator">6.14 How do I set up the
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> Validator?</a></h4>
<p> To use it, you need a very recent version of PHP, 4.3.0 recommended, with
<abbr title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr>,
<abbr title="Perl Compatible Regular Expressions">PCRE</abbr> and
<abbr title="PHP Extension and Application Repository">PEAR</abbr> support.
On your system command line, run <tt>"pear install Net_Socket Net_URL
HTTP_Request Mail_Mime Net_DIME SOAP"</tt> to get the necessary
<abbr title="PHP Extension and Application Repository">PEAR</abbr> modules
for usage.<br />
On a more recent pear version, I had problems with the state of Net_DIME
being beta, so this single command
<tt>"pear -d preferred_state=beta install -a SOAP"</tt> installed all the
needed modules.<br />
If you use the Validator, you should be aware that any
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> statement you
submit will be stored anonymously (database/table/column names,
strings, numbers replaced with generic values). The Mimer
<abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr>
Validator itself, is © 2001 Upright Database Technology.
We utilize it as free SOAP service.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_15">
<a href="#faq6_15">6.15 I want to add a BLOB field and put an index on
it, but MySQL says "BLOB column '...' used in key specification without
a key length".</a></h4>
<p> The right way to do this, is to create the field without any indexes,
then display the table structure and use the "Create an index"
dialog. On this page, you will be able to choose your BLOB field, and
set a size to the index, which is the condition to create an index on
a BLOB field.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_16">
<a href="#faq6_16">6.16 How can I simply move in page with plenty
editing fields?</a></h4>
<p> You can use Ctrl+arrows (Option+Arrows in Safari) for moving on most pages
with many editing fields (table structure changes, row editing, etc.)
(must be enabled in configuration - see.
<a href="#CtrlArrowsMoving" class="configrule">$cfg['CtrlArrowsMoving']</a>).
You can also have a look at the directive
<a href="#DefaultPropDisplay" class="configrule">$cfg['DefaultPropDisplay']</a>
('vertical') and see if this eases up editing for you.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_17">
<a href="#faq6_17">6.17 Transformations: I can't enter my own mimetype!
WTF is this feature then useful for?</a></h4>
<p> Slow down :). Defining mimetypes is of no use, if you can't put transformations
on them. Otherwise you could just put a comment on the field. Because entering
your own mimetype will cause serious syntax checking issues and validation,
this introduces a high-risk false-user-input situation. Instead you have to
initialize mimetypes using functions or empty mimetype definitions.<br />
Plus, you have a whole overview of available mimetypes. Who knows all those
mimetypes by heart so he/she can enter it at will?</p>
<h4 id="faqbookmark">
<a href="#faqbookmark">6.18 Bookmarks: Where can I store bookmarks? Why
can't I see any bookmarks below the query box? What is this variable for?
</a></h4>
<p> Any query you have executed can be stored as a bookmark on the page where the
results are displayed. You will find a button labeled 'Bookmark this query'
just at the end of the page.<br />
As soon as you have stored a bookmark, it is related to the database you run
the query on. You can now access a bookmark dropdown on each page, the query
box appears on for that database.<br /><br />
Since phpMyAdmin 2.5.0 you are also able to store variables for the bookmarks.
Just use the string <b>/*[VARIABLE]*/</b> anywhere in your query. Everything
which is put into the <i>value</i> input box on the query box page will
replace the string "/*[VARIABLE]*/" in your stored query. Just be
aware of that you HAVE to create a valid query, otherwise your query won't be
even able to be stored in the database.<br />
Also remember, that everything else inside the <b>/*[VARIABLE]*/</b> string
for your query will remain the way it is, but will be stripped of the /**/
chars. So you can use:<br /><br />
<code>/*, [VARIABLE] AS myname */</code><br /><br />
which will be expanded to<br /><br />
<code>, VARIABLE as myname</code><br /><br />
in your query, where VARIABLE is the string you entered in the input box. If
an empty string is provided, no replacements are made.<br /><br />
A more complex example. Say you have stored this query:<br /><br />
<code>SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 /* AND Name LIKE '%[VARIABLE]%' */</code>
<br /><br />
Say, you now enter "phpMyAdmin" as the variable for the stored query,
the full query will be:<br /><br />
<code>SELECT Name, Address FROM addresses WHERE 1 AND Name LIKE '%phpMyAdmin%'</code>
<br /><br />
You can use multiple occurrences of <b>/*[VARIABLE]*/</b> in a single query.<br />
<b>NOTE THE ABSENCE OF SPACES</b> inside the "/**/" construct. Any
spaces inserted there
will be later also inserted as spaces in your query and may lead to unexpected
results especially when
using the variable expansion inside of a "LIKE ''" expression.<br />
Your initial query which is going to be stored as a bookmark has to yield at
least one result row so
you can store the bookmark. You may have that to work around using well
positioned "/**/" comments.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_19">
<a href="#faq6_19">6.19 How can I create simple L<sup>A</sup>T<sub><big>E</big></sub>X document to
include exported table?</a></h4>
<p> You can simply include table in your L<sup>A</sup>T<sub><big>E</big></sub>X documents, minimal sample
document should look like following one (assuming you have table
exported in file <code>table.tex</code>):</p>
<pre>
\documentclass{article} % or any class you want
\usepackage{longtable} % for displaying table
\begin{document} % start of document
\include{table} % including exported table
\end{document} % end of document
</pre>
<h4 id="faq6_20">
<a href="#faq6_20">6.20 In MySQL 4, I see a lot of databases which are not mine, and cannot
access them.
</a></h4>
<p> Upgrading to MySQL 4 usually gives users those global privileges: CREATE
TEMPORARY TABLES, SHOW DATABASES, LOCK TABLES. Those privileges also
enable users to see all the database names.
See this <a href="http://bugs.mysql.com/179">bug report</a>.<br /><br />
So if your users do not need those privileges, you can remove them and their
databases list will shorten.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_21">
<a href="#faq6_21">6.21 In edit/insert mode, how can I see a list of
possible values for a field, based on some foreign table?</a></h4>
<p> You have to setup appropriate links between the tables, and also
setup the "display field" in the foreign table. See
<a href="#faq6_6"><abbr title="Frequently Asked Questions">FAQ</abbr>
6.6</a> for an example. Then, if there are 100 values or less in the
foreign table, a drop-down list of values will be available.
You will see two lists of values, the first list containing the key
and the display field, the second list containing the display field
and the key. The reason for this is to be able to type the first
letter of either the key or the display field.<br /><br />
For 100 values or more, a distinct window will appear, to browse foreign
key values and choose one. To change the default limit of 100, see
<tt><a href="#cfg_ForeignKeyMaxLimit" class="configrule">$cfg['ForeignKeyMaxLimit']</a></tt>.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_22">
<a href="#faq6_22">6.22 Bookmarks: Can I execute a default bookmark
automatically when entering Browse mode for a table?</a></h4>
<p> Yes. If a bookmark has the same label as a table name, it will be executed.
</p>
<h4 id="faq6_23">
<a href="#faq6_23">6.23 Export: I heard phpMyAdmin can export Microsoft
Excel files, how can I enable that?</a></h4>
<p> Current version does support direct export to Microsoft Excel and Word
versions 2000 and newer. If you need export older versions, you can use
<abbr title="comma separated values">CSV</abbr> suitable for Microsoft Excel,
which works out of the box or you can
try native <b>experimental</b> MS Excel exporter. <b>This export has
several problems, most important are limitation of cell content to 255
chars and no support for charsets, so think carefully whether you want to
enable this.</b>. For enabling this you need to set
<a href="#cfg_TempDir" class="configrule">$cfg['TempDir']</a> to
place where web server user can write (for example <tt>'./tmp'</tt>) and
install <abbr title="PHP Extension and Application Repository">PEAR</abbr>
module Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer into php include path. The
installation can be done by following command:</p>
<pre>
pear -d preferred_state=beta install -a Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
</pre>
<p> First part of switches set we want to install beta version of that module
(no stable version available yet) and then we tell pear we want to satisfy
dependencies.</p>
<p> If you are running in PHP safe mode, you will have to set
in <tt>php.ini</tt> the <tt>safe_mode_include_dir</tt> to the directory
where your <abbr title="PHP Extension and Application Repository">PEAR</abbr>
modules are located, for example:</p>
<pre>
safe_mode_include_dir = /usr/local/lib/php
</pre>
<p> To create the temporary directory on a UNIX-based system, you can do:</p>
<pre>
cd phpMyAdmin
mkdir tmp
chmod o+rwx tmp
</pre>
<h4 id="faq6_24">
<a href="#faq6_24">6.24 Now that phpMyAdmin supports native MySQL 4.1.x column comments,
what happens to my column comments stored in pmadb?</a></h4>
<p> Automatic migration of a table's pmadb-style column comments to the native
ones is done whenever you enter Structure page for this table.</p>
<h4 id="faq6_25">
<a href="#faq6_25">6.25 How does BLOB streaming work in phpMyAdmin?</a></h4>
<p> First, for general information about BLOB streaming on MySQL, visit <a href="http://blobstreaming.org">blobstreaming.org</a>. We currently support streaming if you are running MySQL 5.1 with the PBXT and PBMS storage engines.</p>
<ol>
<li>In <tt>config.inc.php</tt> your host should be defined with a FQDN (fully qualified domain name) instead of something like "localhost".</li>
<li>A current limitation is that your first login via phpMyAdmin to a freshly-started server must be done with an account that has the SUPER privilege.</li>
<li>On your target database, go to Operations and in the "BLOB Repository" section, click "Enable". This creates the PBMS system tables inside your database.</li>
<li>Ensure that your target table is under the PBXT storage engine and has a LONGBLOB column.</li>
<li>When you insert or update a row in this table, put a checkmark on the "Upload to BLOB repository" optional choice; otherwise, the upload will be done directly in your column instead of the repository.</li>
<li>Finally when you browse your table, you'll see in your column a link to stream your data, for example "View image". A header containing the correct MIME-type will be sent to your browser; this MIME-type was stored at upload time but in case it's incorrect, it's possible to edit it by clicking on the displayed MIME-type.</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="faqproject">phpMyAdmin project</h3>
<h4 id="faq7_1">
<a href="#faq7_1">7.1 I have found a bug. How do I inform developers?</a></h4>
<p> Our Bug Tracker is located at
<a href="http://sf.net/projects/phpmyadmin/">http://sf.net/projects/phpmyadmin/</a>
under the Bugs section.<br /><br />
But please first discuss your bug with other users:<br />
<a href="http://sf.net/projects/phpmyadmin/">
http://sf.net/projects/phpmyadmin/</a> (and choose Forums)</p>
<h4 id="faq7_2">
<a href="#faq7_2">7.2 I want to translate the messages to a new language or upgrade an
existing language, where do I start?</a></h4>
<p> Always use the current SVN version of your language file.
For a new language, start from <i>english-utf-8.inc.php</i>. If you
don't know how to get the SVN version, please ask one of the developers.
<br />
Please note that we try not to use HTML entities like &eacute; in
the translations, since we define the right character set in the file.
With HTML entities, the text on JavaScript messages would not
display correctly.
However there are some entities that need to be there, for quotes
,non-breakable spaces, ampersands, less than, greater than.<br />
You can then put your translations, as a zip file to avoid losing special
characters, on the sourceforge.net translation tracker.<br />
It would be a good idea to subscribe to the phpmyadmin-translators mailing
list, because this is where we ask for translations of new messages.</p>
<h4 id="faq7_3">
<a href="#faq7_3">7.3 I would like to help out with the development of
phpMyAdmin. How should I proceed?</a></h4>
<p> The following method is preferred for new developers:</p>
<ol><li>fetch the current SVN tree over anonymous SVN:<br />
<tt>svn co https://phpmyadmin.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/phpmyadmin/trunk/phpMyAdmin</tt><br />
</li>
<li>add your stuff</li>
<li>generate patch with your changes:
<tt>svn diff</tt><br />
</li>
<li>put the patch inside the <a
href="https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=23067&atid=377410">patch
tracker of the phpMyAdmin project</a>.
</li>
</ol>
<p> Write access to the SVN tree is granted only to experienced developers who
have already contributed something useful to phpMyAdmin.<br />
Also, have a look at the <a href="#developers">Developers section</a>.</p>
<h3 id="faqsecurity">Security</h3>
<h4 id="faq8_1">
<a href="#faq8_1">8.1 Where can I get information about the security alerts issued for phpMyAdmin?</a></h4>
<p> Please refer to
<a href="http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/security.php">http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/security.php</a>
</p>
<h4 id="faq8_2">
<a href="#faq8_2">8.2 How can I protect phpMyAdmin against brute force attacks?</a></h4>
<p> If you use Apache web server, phpMyAdmin exports information about
authentication to Apache environment and it can be used in Apache logs.
Currently there are two variables available:
</p>
<dl>
<dt><code>userID</code></dt>
<dd>User name of currently active user (he does not have to be logged
in).</dd>
<dt><code>userStatus</code></dt>
<dd>Status of currently active user, one of <code>ok</code> (user is
logged in), <code>mysql-denied</code> (MySQL denied user login),
<code>allow-denied</code> (user denied by allow/deny rules),
<code>root-denied</code> (root is denied in configuration),
<code>empty-denied</code> (empty password is denied).</dd>
</dl>
<p>
<code>LogFormat</code> directive for Apache can look like following:
</p>
<pre>
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \
\"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %{userID}n %{userStatus}n" pma_combined
</pre>
<p>
You can then use any log analyzing tools to detect possible break-in
attempts.
</p>
<h3 id="faqsynchronization">Synchronization</h3>
<h4 id="faq9_1">
<a href="#faq9_1">9.1 How can I synchronize two databases/tables in phpMyAdmin?</a></h4>
<p> You can now synchronize databases/tables in phpMyAdmin using the Synchronize feature.
It allows you to connect to local as well as remote servers.This requires you to enter
server host name, username, password, port and the name of the database. Therefore you can
now synchronize your databases placed on the same server or some remote server.
</p>
<p>For more details see <a href="./documentation-gsoc/Synchronization_User%20Manual.htm">How to synchronize</a>
</p>
<!-- DEVELOPERS -->
<h2 id="developers">Developers Information</h2>
<p> phpMyAdmin is Open Source, so you're invited to contribute to it. Many
great features have been written by other people and you too can help to
make phpMyAdmin a useful tool.</p>
<p> If you're planning to contribute source, please read the following
information:</p>
<ul><li>All files include <i>libraries/header.inc.php</i> (layout),.
<i>libraries/common.lib.php</i> (common functions) and
<i>config.inc.php</i>.<br />
Only configuration data should go in <i>config.inc.php</i>. Please keep
it free from other code.<br />
Commonly used functions should be added to
<i>libraries/common.lib.php</i> and more specific ones may be added
within a library stored into the <i>libraries</i> sub-directory.</li>
<li>Obviously, you're free to use whatever coding style you want. But
please try to keep your code as simple as possible: beginners are
using phpMyAdmin as an example application.<br />
As far as possible, we want the scripts to be XHTML1.0 and CSS2
compliant on one hand, they fit the
<a href="http://pear.php.net/">
<abbr title="PHP Extension and Application Repository">PEAR</abbr>
coding standards</a>
on the other hand. Please pay attention to this.</li>
<li>Please try to keep up the file-naming conventions. Table-related stuff
goes to <i>tbl_*.php</i>, db-related code to <i>db_*.php</i>,
server-related tools to <i>server_*.php</i> and so on.</li>
<li>Please don't put message strings in your code, instead add the string
(at least) to <i>english-utf-8.inc.php</i> and print() it out.</li>
<li>If you want to be really helpful, write an entry for the ChangeLog.</li>
<li id="developersdbg">
The DBG extension (<a href="http://dd.cron.ru/dbg/">PHP
Debugger DBG</a>) is now supported by phpMyAdmin for developers to
better debug and profile their code.<br />
Please see the
<a href="#cfg_DBG" class="configrule">$cfg['DBG']*</a> configuration
options for more information.<br />
This is in memoriam of the Space Shuttle Columbia (STS-107) which was
lost during its re-entry into Earth's atmosphere and in memory of the
brave men and women who gave their lives for the people of Earth.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="copyright">Copyright</h2>
<pre>
Copyright (C) 1998-2000 Tobias Ratschiller <tobias_at_ratschiller.com>
Copyright (C) 2001-2009 Marc Delisle <marc_at_infomarc.info>
Olivier Müller <om_at_omnis.ch>
Robin Johnson <robbat2_at_users.sourceforge.net>
Alexander M. Turek <me_at_derrabus.de>
Michal Čihař <michal_at_cihar.com>
Garvin Hicking <me_at_supergarv.de>
Michael Keck <mkkeck_at_users.sourceforge.net>
Sebastian Mendel <cybot_tm_at_users.sourceforge.net>
[check <a href="#credits">credits</a> for more details]
</pre>
<p>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2,
as published by the Free Software Foundation.
</p>
<p>
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
</p>
<p>
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
</p>
<!-- CREDITS -->
<h2 id="credits">Credits</h2>
<h3>Credits, in chronological order</h3>
<ul>
<li>Tobias Ratschiller <tobias_at_ratschiller.com>
<ul>
<li>creator of the phpmyadmin project</li>
<li>maintainer from 1998 to summer 2000</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Marc Delisle <marc_at_infomarc.info>
<ul>
<li>multi-language version</li>
<li>various fixes and improvements</li>
<li><abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> analyser (most of it)</li>
<li>current project maintainer</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Olivier Müller <om_at_omnis.ch>
<ul>
<li>started SourceForge phpMyAdmin project in March 2001</li>
<li>sync'ed different existing CVS trees with new features and bugfixes</li>
<li>multi-language improvements, dynamic language selection</li>
<li>current project maintainer</li>
<li>many bugfixes and improvements</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Loïc Chapeaux <lolo_at_phpheaven.net>
<ul>
<li>rewrote and optimized javascript, DHTML and DOM stuff</li>
<li>rewrote the scripts so they fit the <abbr title="PHP Extension and Application Repository">PEAR</abbr> coding standards and
generate XHTML1.0 and CSS2 compliant codes</li>
<li>improved the language detection system</li>
<li>many bugfixes and improvements</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Robin Johnson <robbat2_at_users.sourceforge.net>
<ul>
<li>database maintenance controls</li>
<li>table type code</li>
<li>Host authentication <abbr title="Internet Protocol">IP</abbr> Allow/Deny</li>
<li>DB-based configuration (Not completed)</li>
<li><abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> parser and pretty-printer</li>
<li><abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> validator</li>
<li>many bugfixes and improvements</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Armel Fauveau <armel.fauveau_at_globalis-ms.com>
<ul>
<li>bookmarks feature</li>
<li>multiple dump feature</li>
<li>gzip dump feature</li>
<li>zip dump feature</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Geert Lund <glund_at_silversoft.dk>
<ul>
<li>various fixes</li>
<li>moderator of the phpMyAdmin former users forum at phpwizard.net</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Korakot Chaovavanich <korakot_at_iname.com>
<ul>
<li>"insert as new row" feature</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Pete Kelly <webmaster_at_trafficg.com>
<ul>
<li>rewrote and fix dump code</li>
<li>bugfixes</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Steve Alberty <alberty_at_neptunlabs.de>
<ul>
<li>rewrote dump code for PHP4</li>
<li>mySQL table statistics</li>
<li>bugfixes</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Benjamin Gandon <gandon_at_isia.cma.fr>
<ul>
<li>main author of the version 2.1.0.1</li>
<li>bugfixes</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Alexander M. Turek <me_at_derrabus.de>
<ul>
<li>MySQL 4.0 / 4.1 / 5.0 compatibility</li>
<li>abstract database interface (PMA_DBI) with MySQLi support</li>
<li>privileges administration</li>
<li><abbr title="Extensible Markup Language">XML</abbr> exports</li>
<li>various features and fixes</li>
<li>German language file updates</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Mike Beck <mike.beck_at_web.de>
<ul>
<li>automatic joins in QBE</li>
<li>links column in printview</li>
<li>Relation view</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Michal Čihař <michal_at_cihar.com>
<ul>
<li>enhanced index creation/display feature</li>
<li>feature to use a different charset for HTML than for MySQL</li>
<li>improvements of export feature</li>
<li>various features and fixes</li>
<li>Czech language file updates</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Christophe Gesché from the "MySQL Form Generator for PHPMyAdmin"
(http://sf.net/projects/phpmysqlformgen/)
<ul>
<li>suggested the patch for multiple table printviews</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Garvin Hicking <me_at_supergarv.de>
<ul>
<li>built the patch for vertical display of table rows</li>
<li>built the Javascript based Query window + <abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> history</li>
<li>Improvement of column/db comments</li>
<li>(MIME)-Transformations for columns</li>
<li>Use custom alias names for Databases in left frame</li>
<li>hierarchical/nested table display</li>
<li><abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr>-scratchboard for WYSIWYG-distribution of <abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr> relations</li>
<li>new icon sets</li>
<li>vertical display of column properties page</li>
<li>some bugfixes, features, support, German language additions</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Yukihiro Kawada <kawada_at_den.fujifilm.co.jp>
<ul>
<li>japanese kanji encoding conversion feature</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Piotr Roszatycki <d3xter_at_users.sourceforge.net> and Dan Wilson
<ul>
<li>the Cookie authentication mode</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Axel Sander <n8falke_at_users.sourceforge.net>
<ul>
<li>table relation-links feature</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Maxime Delorme <delorme.maxime_at_free.fr>
<ul>
<li><abbr title="Portable Document Format">PDF</abbr> schema output, thanks also to Olivier Plathey for the
"FPDF" library (see <a href="http://www.fpdf.org/">http://www.fpdf.org/</a>) and Steven Wittens
for the "UFPDF" library (see <a href="http://www.acko.net/node/56">http://www.acko.net/node/56</a>).</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Olof Edlund <olof.edlund_at_upright.se>
<ul>
<li><abbr title="structured query language">SQL</abbr> validator server</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Ivan R. Lanin <ivanlanin_at_users.sourceforge.net>
<ul>
<li>phpMyAdmin logo (until June 2004)</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Mike Cochrane <mike_at_graftonhall.co.nz>
<ul>
<li>blowfish library from the Horde project</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Marcel Tschopp <ne0x_at_users.sourceforge.net>
<ul>
<li>mysqli support</li>
<li>many bugfixes and improvements</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Michael Keck <mkkeck_at_users.sourceforge.net>
<ul>
<li>redesign for 2.6.0</li>
<li>phpMyAdmin sailboat logo (June 2004)</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Mathias Landhäußer
<ul>
<li>Representation at conferences</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Sebastian Mendel <cybot_tm_at_users.sourceforge.net>
<ul>
<li>interface improvements</li>
<li>various bugfixes</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Ivan A Kirillov
<ul>
<li>new relations Designer</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Raj Kissu Rajandran (Google Summer of Code 2008)
<ul>
<li>BLOBstreaming support</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Piotr Przybylski (Google Summer of Code 2008)
<ul>
<li>improved setup script</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Derek Schaefer (Google Summer of Code 2009)
<ul>
<li>Improved the import system</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Alexander Rutkowski (Google Summer of Code 2009)
<ul>
<li>Tracking mechanism</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Zahra Naeem (Google Summer of Code 2009)
<ul>
<li>Synchronization feature</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Tomáš Srnka (Google Summer of Code 2009)
<ul>
<li>Replication support</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>
And also to the following people who have contributed minor changes,
enhancements, bugfixes or support for a new language since version 2.1.0:
</p>
<p>
Bora Alioglu, Ricardo ?, Sven-Erik Andersen, Alessandro Astarita,
Péter Bakondy, Borges Botelho, Olivier Bussier, Neil Darlow,
Mats Engstrom, Ian Davidson, Laurent Dhima, Kristof Hamann, Thomas Kläger,
Lubos Klokner, Martin Marconcini, Girish Nair, David Nordenberg, Andreas Pauley,
Bernard M. Piller, Laurent Haas, "Sakamoto", Yuval Sarna,
www.securereality.com.au, Alexis Soulard, Alvar Soome, Siu Sun, Peter Svec,
Michael Tacelosky, Rachim Tamsjadi, Kositer Uros,
Luís V., Martijn W. van der Lee,
Algis Vainauskas, Daniel Villanueva, Vinay, Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams, Chee Wai,
Jakub Wilk, Thomas Michael Winningham, Vilius Zigmantas, "Manuzhai".
</p>
<h3>Original Credits of Version 2.1.0</h3>
<p>
This work is based on Peter Kuppelwieser's MySQL-Webadmin. It was his idea
to create a web-based interface to MySQL using PHP3. Although I have not
used any of his source-code, there are some concepts I've borrowed from
him. phpMyAdmin was created because Peter told me he wasn't going to
further develop his (great) tool.
</p>
<p>
Thanks go to
</p>
<ul>
<li>Amalesh Kempf <ak-lsml_at_living-source.com> who contributed the
code for the check when dropping a table or database. He also suggested
that you should be able to specify the primary key on tbl_create.php3. To
version 1.1.1 he contributed the ldi_*.php3-set (Import text-files) as
well as a bug-report. Plus many smaller improvements.
</li>
<li>Jan Legenhausen <jan_at_nrw.net>: He made many of the changes that
were introduced in 1.3.0 (including quite significant ones like the
authentication). For 1.4.1 he enhanced the table-dump feature. Plus
bug-fixes and help.
</li>
<li>Marc Delisle <DelislMa_at_CollegeSherbrooke.qc.ca> made phpMyAdmin
language-independent by outsourcing the strings to a separate file. He
also contributed the French translation.
</li>
<li>Alexandr Bravo <abravo_at_hq.admiral.ru> who contributed
tbl_select.php3, a feature to display only some fields from a table.
</li>
<li>Chris Jackson <chrisj_at_ctel.net> added support for MySQL
functions in tbl_change.php3. He also added the
"Query by Example" feature in 2.0.
</li>
<li>Dave Walton <walton_at_nordicdms.com> added support for multiple
servers and is a regular contributor for bug-fixes.
</li>
<li>Gabriel Ash <ga244_at_is8.nyu.edu> contributed the random access
features for 2.0.6.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
The following people have contributed minor changes, enhancements, bugfixes
or support for a new language:
</p>
<p>
Jim Kraai, Jordi Bruguera, Miquel Obrador, Geert Lund, Thomas Kleemann,
Alexander Leidinger, Kiko Albiol, Daniel C. Chao, Pavel Piankov,
Sascha Kettler, Joe Pruett, Renato Lins, Mark Kronsbein, Jannis Hermanns,
G. Wieggers.
</p>
<p>
And thanks to everyone else who sent me email with suggestions, bug-reports
and or just some feedback.
</p>
<h2 id="glossary">Glossary</h2>
<p> From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/.htaccess">.htaccess</a>
- the default name of Apache's directory-level configuration file.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowfish_%28cipher%29">Blowfish</a>
- a keyed, symmetric block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier.</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser">Browser (Web Browser)</a>
- a software application that enables a user to display and interact with
text, images, and other information typically located on a web page at a
website on the World Wide Web.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bzip2">bzip2</a>
- a free software/open source data compression algorithm and program
developed by Julian Seward.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/CGI">CGI (Common Gateway Interface)</a>
- an important World Wide Web technology that enables a client web browser
to request data from a program executed on the Web server.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changelog">Changelog</a>
- a log or record of changes made to a project.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client_%28computing%29">Client</a>
- a computer system that accesses a (remote) service on another computer
by some kind of network.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_%28database%29">column</a>
- a set of data values of a particular simple type, one for each row of
the table.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookie">Cookie</a>
- a packet of information sent by a server to a World Wide Web browser
and then sent back by the browser each time it accesses that server.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values">CSV</a>
- Comma-separated values</li>
<li>DB - look at <a href="#database">Database</a>.</li>
<li><a id="database" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database">database</a>
- an organized collection of data.</li>
<li>Engine - look at <a href="#glossar_storage_engine">Storage Engines</a>.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/extension">extension</a>
- a PHP module that extends PHP with additional functionality.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAQ">FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)</a>
- a list of commonly asked question and there answers.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_%28computer_science%29">Field</a>
- one part of divided data/columns.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_key">foreign key</a>
- a field or group of fields in a database record that point to a key
field or group of fields forming a key of another database record in some
(usually different) table.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.fpdf.org/">FPDF (FreePDF)</a>
- the free PDF library</li>
<li><a id="gd" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/GD_Graphics_Library">
GD Graphics Library</a> - a library by Thomas Boutell and others for
dynamically manipulating images.</li>
<li>GD2 - look at <a href="#gd">GD Graphics Library</a>.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gzip">gzip</a>
- gzip is short for GNU zip, a GNU free software file compression
program.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host">host</a>
- any machine connected to a computer network, a node that has a hostname.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hostname">hostname</a>
- the unique name by which a network attached device is known on a network.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperText_Transfer_Protocol">HTTP
(HyperText Transfer Protocol)</a>
- the primary method used to transfer or convey information on the World
Wide Web.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Https:_URI_scheme">https</a>
- a <abbr title="HyperText Transfer Protocol">HTTP</abbr>-connection with
additional security measures.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Information_Services">IIS (Internet Information Services)</a>
- a set of Internet-based services for servers using Microsoft Windows.</li>
<li><a id="glossar_index" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_%28database%29">Index</a>
- a feature that allows quick access to the rows in a table.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol">IP (Internet Protocol)</a>
- a data-oriented protocol used by source and destination hosts for
communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_Address">IP Address</a>
- a unique number that devices use in order to identify and communicate
with each other on a network utilizing the Internet Protocol standard.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISAPI">ISAPI
(Internet Server Application Programming Interface)</a>
- the API of Internet Information Services (IIS).</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISP">ISP (Internet service provider)</a>
- a business or organization that offers users access to the Internet and related services.</li>
<li><a id="jpeg" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG">JPEG</a>
- a most commonly used standard method of lossy compression for
photographic images.</li>
<li>JPG - look at <a href="#jpeg">JPEG</a>.</li>
<li>Key - look at <a href="#glossar_index">index</a>.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX">L<sup>A</sup>T<sub><big>E</big></sub>X</a>
- a document preparation system for the T<sub>E</sub>X typesetting program.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac">Mac (Apple Macintosh)</a>
- line of personal computers is designed, developed, manufactured, and
marketed by Apple Computer.</li>
<li><a id="glossar_mac_os_x" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X"><acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym> <abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr> X</a>
- the operating system which is included with all currently shipping Apple
Macintosh computers in the consumer and professional markets.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCrypt">MCrypt</a>
- a cryptographic library.</li>
<li><a href="http://php.net/mcrypt">mcrypt</a>
- the MCrypt PHP extension.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME">MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)</a>
- an Internet Standard for the format of e-mail.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/module">module</a>
- some sort of extension for the Apache Webserver.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL">MySQL</a>
- a multithreaded, multi-user, SQL (Structured Query Language) Database
Management System (DBMS).</li>
<li><a href="http://php.net/mysqli">mysqli</a>
- the improved MySQL client PHP extension.</li>
<li><a href="http://php.net/mysql">mysql</a>
- the MySQL client PHP extension.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument">OpenDocument</a>
- open standard for office documents.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS_X"><abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr> X</a>
- look at <a href="#glossar_mac_os_x"><acronym title="Apple Macintosh">Mac</acronym> <abbr title="operating system">OS</abbr> X</a>.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format">PDF
(Portable Document Format)</a>
- a file format developed by Adobe Systems for representing two
dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent
format.</li>
<li><a href="http://pear.php.net/">PEAR</a>
- the PHP Extension and Application Repository.</li>
<li><a href="http://php.net/pcre">PCRE (Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)</a>
- the perl-compatible regular expression functions for PHP</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP">PHP</a>
- short for "PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor", is an open-source, reflective
programming language used mainly for developing server-side applications
and dynamic web content, and more recently, a broader range of software
applications.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_%28computing%29">port</a>
- a connection through which data is sent and received.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments">RFC</a>
- Request for Comments (RFC) documents are a series of memoranda
encompassing new research, innovations, and methodologies applicable to
Internet technologies.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1952.txt">RFC 1952</a>
- GZIP file format specification version 4.3</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row_%28database%29">Row (record, tulpel)</a>
- represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_%28computing%29">Server</a>
- a computer system that provides services to other computing
systems over a network.</li>
<li><a id="glossar_storage_engine" href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/storage-engines.html">Storage Engines</a>
- handlers for different table types</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socket#Computer_sockets">socket</a>
- a form of inter-process communication.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer">SSL (Secure
Sockets Layer)</a>
- a cryptographic protocol which provides secure communication on the Internet.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL">SQL</a>
- Structured Query Language</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_%28database%29">table</a>
- a set of data elements (cells) that is organized, defined and stored as
horizontal rows and vertical columns where each item can be uniquely
identified by a label or key or by it?s position in relation to other items.</li>
<li>Table type</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_%28file_format%29">tar</a>
- a type of archive file format: the Tape ARchive format.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP">TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)</a>
- one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.acko.net/node/56">UFPDF</a>
- Unicode/UTF-8 extension for FPDF</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL">URL (Uniform Resource Locator)</a>
- a sequence of characters, conforming to a standardized format, that is
used for referring to resources, such as documents and images on the
Internet, by their location.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webserver">Webserver</a>
- A computer (program) that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests
from clients and serving them Web pages.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML">XML (Extensible Markup Language)</a>
- a W3C-recommended general-purpose markup language for creating
special-purpose markup languages, capable of describing many different
kinds of data.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZIP_%28file_format%29">ZIP</a>
- a popular data compression and archival format.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlib">zlib</a>
- an open-source, cross-platform data compression library by Jean-loup
Gailly and Mark Adler.</li>
</ul>
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