--[[ An implementation of a simple numerical gradient checker.

ARGS:

- `opfunc` : a function that takes a single input (X), the point of
         evaluation, and returns f(X) and df/dX
- `x` : the initial point
- `eps` : the epsilon to use for the numerical check (default is 1e-7)

RETURN:

- `diff` : error in the gradient, should be near tol
- `dC` : exact gradient at point 
- `dC_est` : numerically estimates gradient at point

]]--


-- function that numerically checks gradient of NCA loss:
function optim.checkgrad(opfunc, x, eps)
    
    -- compute true gradient:
    local Corg,dC = opfunc(x)
    dC:resize(x:size())
    
    local Ctmp -- temporary value
    local isTensor = torch.isTensor(Corg)
    if isTensor then
          Ctmp = Corg.new(Corg:size())
    end
    
    -- compute numeric approximations to gradient:
    local eps = eps or 1e-7
    local dC_est = torch.Tensor():typeAs(dC):resizeAs(dC)
    for i = 1,dC:size(1) do
      local tmp = x[i]
      x[i] = x[i] + eps
      local C1 = opfunc(x)
      if isTensor then
          Ctmp:copy(C1)
          C1 = Ctmp
      end
      x[i] = x[i] - 2 * eps
      local C2 = opfunc(x)
      x[i] = tmp
      dC_est[i] = (C1 - C2) / (2 * eps)
    end

    -- estimate error of gradient:
    local diff = torch.norm(dC - dC_est) / torch.norm(dC + dC_est)
    return diff,dC,dC_est
end