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</aside>
<main class="bd-main order-1">
<div class="bd-intro ps-lg-4">
<div class="d-md-flex flex-md-row-reverse align-items-center justify-content-between">
<a class="btn btn-sm btn-bd-light mb-2 mb-md-0" href="https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/blob/main/site/content/docs/5.1/getting-started/javascript.md" title="View and edit this file on GitHub" target="_blank" rel="noopener">View on GitHub</a>
<h1 class="bd-title" id="content">JavaScript</h1>
</div>
<p class="bd-lead">Bring Bootstrap to life with our optional JavaScript plugins. Learn about each plugin, our data and programmatic API options, and more.</p>
<script async src="https://cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?serve=CKYIKKJL&placement=getbootstrapcom" id="_carbonads_js"></script>
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<div class="bd-toc mt-4 mb-5 my-md-0 ps-xl-3 mb-lg-5 text-muted">
<strong class="d-block h6 my-2 pb-2 border-bottom">On this page</strong>
<nav id="TableOfContents">
<ul>
<li><a href="#individual-or-compiled">Individual or compiled</a></li>
<li><a href="#using-bootstrap-as-a-module">Using Bootstrap as a module</a></li>
<li><a href="#dependencies">Dependencies</a></li>
<li><a href="#still-want-to-use-jquery-its-possible">Still want to use jQuery? It’s possible!</a></li>
<li><a href="#data-attributes">Data attributes</a></li>
<li><a href="#events">Events</a></li>
<li><a href="#programmatic-api">Programmatic API</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#css-selectors-in-constructors">CSS selectors in constructors</a></li>
<li><a href="#asynchronous-functions-and-transitions">Asynchronous functions and transitions</a></li>
<li><a href="#default-settings">Default settings</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#no-conflict-only-if-you-use-jquery">No conflict (only if you use jQuery)</a></li>
<li><a href="#version-numbers">Version numbers</a></li>
<li><a href="#no-special-fallbacks-when-javascript-is-disabled">No special fallbacks when JavaScript is disabled</a></li>
<li><a href="#sanitizer">Sanitizer</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="bd-content ps-lg-4">
<h2 id="individual-or-compiled">Individual or compiled</h2>
<p>Plugins can be included individually (using Bootstrap’s individual <code>js/dist/*.js</code>), or all at once using <code>bootstrap.js</code> or the minified <code>bootstrap.min.js</code> (don’t include both).</p>
<p>If you use a bundler (Webpack, Rollup…), you can use <code>/js/dist/*.js</code> files which are UMD ready.</p>
<h2 id="using-bootstrap-as-a-module">Using Bootstrap as a module</h2>
<p>We provide a version of Bootstrap built as <code>ESM</code> (<code>bootstrap.esm.js</code> and <code>bootstrap.esm.min.js</code>) which allows you to use Bootstrap as a module in your browser, if your <a href="https://caniuse.com/es6-module">targeted browsers support it</a>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">script</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"module"</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="kr">import</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">Toast</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="nx">from</span> <span class="s1">'bootstrap.esm.min.js'</span>
<span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">querySelectorAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'.toast'</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">forEach</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">toastNode</span> <span class="p">=></span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">Toast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">toastNode</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">script</span><span class="p">></span>
</code></pre></div><div class="bd-callout bd-callout-warning">
<h2 id="incompatible-plugins">Incompatible plugins</h2>
<p>Due to browser limitations, some of our plugins, namely Dropdown, Tooltip and Popover plugins, cannot be used in a <code><script></code> tag with <code>module</code> type because they depend on Popper. For more information about the issue see <a href="https://v8.dev/features/modules#specifiers">here</a>.
</div>
<h2 id="dependencies">Dependencies</h2>
<p>Some plugins and CSS components depend on other plugins. If you include plugins individually, make sure to check for these dependencies in the docs.</p>
<p>Our dropdowns, popovers and tooltips also depend on <a href="https://popper.js.org/">Popper</a>.</p>
<h2 id="still-want-to-use-jquery-its-possible">Still want to use jQuery? It’s possible!</h2>
<p>Bootstrap 5 is designed to be used without jQuery, but it’s still possible to use our components with jQuery. <strong>If Bootstrap detects <code>jQuery</code> in the <code>window</code> object</strong> it’ll add all of our components in jQuery’s plugin system; this means you’ll be able to do <code>$('[data-bs-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip()</code> to enable tooltips. The same goes for our other components.</p>
<h2 id="data-attributes">Data attributes</h2>
<p>Nearly all Bootstrap plugins can be enabled and configured through HTML alone with data attributes (our preferred way of using JavaScript functionality). Be sure to <strong>only use one set of data attributes on a single element</strong> (e.g., you cannot trigger a tooltip and modal from the same button.)</p>
<div class="bd-callout bd-callout-warning">
<h2 id="selectors">Selectors</h2>
<p>Currently to query DOM elements we use the native methods <code>querySelector</code> and <code>querySelectorAll</code> for performance reasons, so you have to use <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#value-def-identifier">valid selectors</a>.
If you use special selectors, for example: <code>collapse:Example</code> be sure to escape them.
</div>
<h2 id="events">Events</h2>
<p>Bootstrap provides custom events for most plugins' unique actions. Generally, these come in an infinitive and past participle form - where the infinitive (ex. <code>show</code>) is triggered at the start of an event, and its past participle form (ex. <code>shown</code>) is triggered on the completion of an action.</p>
<p>All infinitive events provide <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Event/preventDefault"><code>preventDefault()</code></a> functionality. This provides the ability to stop the execution of an action before it starts. Returning false from an event handler will also automatically call <code>preventDefault()</code>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myModal</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'myModal'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nx">myModal</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEventListener</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'show.bs.modal'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">event</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="nx">data</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">event</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">preventDefault</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// stops modal from being shown
</span><span class="c1"></span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">})</span>
</code></pre></div><div class="bd-callout bd-callout-warning">
<h2 id="jquery-events">jQuery events</h2>
<p>Bootstrap will detect jQuery if <code>jQuery</code> is present in the <code>window</code> object and there is no <code>data-bs-no-jquery</code> attribute set on <code><body></code>. If jQuery is found, Bootstrap will emit events thanks to jQuery’s event system. So if you want to listen to Bootstrap’s events, you’ll have to use the jQuery methods (<code>.on</code>, <code>.one</code>) instead of <code>addEventListener</code>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'#myTab a'</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">on</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'shown.bs.tab'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// do something...
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="p">})</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<h2 id="programmatic-api">Programmatic API</h2>
<p>All constructors accept an optional options object or nothing (which initiates a plugin with its default behavior):</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myModalEl</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'myModal'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">modal</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Modal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">myModalEl</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// initialized with defaults
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">modal</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Modal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">myModalEl</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nx">keyboard</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kc">false</span> <span class="p">})</span> <span class="c1">// initialized with no keyboard
</span></code></pre></div><p>If you’d like to get a particular plugin instance, each plugin exposes a <code>getInstance</code> method. In order to retrieve it directly from an element, do this: <code>bootstrap.Popover.getInstance(myPopoverEl)</code>.</p>
<h3 id="css-selectors-in-constructors">CSS selectors in constructors</h3>
<p>You can also use a CSS selector as the first argument instead of a DOM element to initialize the plugin. Currently the element for the plugin is found by the <code>querySelector</code> method since our plugins support a single element only.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">modal</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Modal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'#myModal'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">dropdown</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Dropdown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'[data-bs-toggle="dropdown"]'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div><h3 id="asynchronous-functions-and-transitions">Asynchronous functions and transitions</h3>
<p>All programmatic API methods are <strong>asynchronous</strong> and return to the caller once the transition is started but <strong>before it ends</strong>.</p>
<p>In order to execute an action once the transition is complete, you can listen to the corresponding event.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myCollapseEl</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'myCollapse'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nx">myCollapseEl</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEventListener</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'shown.bs.collapse'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">event</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// Action to execute once the collapsible area is expanded
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="p">})</span>
</code></pre></div><p>In addition a method call on a <strong>transitioning component will be ignored</strong>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myCarouselEl</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'myCarousel'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">carousel</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Carousel</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getInstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">myCarouselEl</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// Retrieve a Carousel instance
</span><span class="c1"></span>
<span class="nx">myCarouselEl</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">addEventListener</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'slid.bs.carousel'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">event</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">carousel</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// Will slide to the slide 2 as soon as the transition to slide 1 is finished
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="p">})</span>
<span class="nx">carousel</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// Will start sliding to the slide 1 and returns to the caller
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="nx">carousel</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'2'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">// !! Will be ignored, as the transition to the slide 1 is not finished !!
</span></code></pre></div><h3 id="default-settings">Default settings</h3>
<p>You can change the default settings for a plugin by modifying the plugin’s <code>Constructor.Default</code> object:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="c1">// changes default for the modal plugin's `keyboard` option to false
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Modal</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Default</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">keyboard</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">false</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="no-conflict-only-if-you-use-jquery">No conflict (only if you use jQuery)</h2>
<p>Sometimes it is necessary to use Bootstrap plugins with other UI frameworks. In these circumstances, namespace collisions can occasionally occur. If this happens, you may call <code>.noConflict</code> on the plugin you wish to revert the value of.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">bootstrapButton</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">button</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">noConflict</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1">// return $.fn.button to previously assigned value
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="nx">$</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fn</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">bootstrapBtn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">bootstrapButton</span> <span class="c1">// give $().bootstrapBtn the Bootstrap functionality
</span></code></pre></div><h2 id="version-numbers">Version numbers</h2>
<p>The version of each of Bootstrap’s plugins can be accessed via the <code>VERSION</code> property of the plugin’s constructor. For example, for the tooltip plugin:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Tooltip</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">VERSION</span> <span class="c1">// => "5.1.3"
</span></code></pre></div><h2 id="no-special-fallbacks-when-javascript-is-disabled">No special fallbacks when JavaScript is disabled</h2>
<p>Bootstrap’s plugins don’t fall back particularly gracefully when JavaScript is disabled. If you care about the user experience in this case, use <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/noscript"><code><noscript></code></a> to explain the situation (and how to re-enable JavaScript) to your users, and/or add your own custom fallbacks.</p>
<div class="bd-callout bd-callout-warning">
<h5 id="third-party-libraries">Third-party libraries</h5>
<p><strong>Bootstrap does not officially support third-party JavaScript libraries</strong> like Prototype or jQuery UI. Despite <code>.noConflict</code> and namespaced events, there may be compatibility problems that you need to fix on your own.
</div>
<h2 id="sanitizer">Sanitizer</h2>
<p>Tooltips and Popovers use our built-in sanitizer to sanitize options which accept HTML.</p>
<p>The default <code>allowList</code> value is the following:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">ARIA_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="sr">/^aria-[\w-]*$/i</span>
<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">DefaultAllowlist</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// Global attributes allowed on any supplied element below.
</span><span class="c1"></span> <span class="s1">'*'</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'class'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'dir'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'id'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'lang'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'role'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">ARIA_ATTRIBUTE_PATTERN</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="nx">a</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'target'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'href'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'rel'</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="nx">area</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">b</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">br</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">col</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">code</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">div</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">em</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">hr</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">h1</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">h2</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">h3</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">h4</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">h5</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">h6</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">img</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'src'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'srcset'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'alt'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'width'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'height'</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="nx">li</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">ol</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">p</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">pre</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">s</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">small</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">span</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">sub</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">sup</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">strong</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">u</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[],</span>
<span class="nx">ul</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div><p>If you want to add new values to this default <code>allowList</code> you can do the following:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myDefaultAllowList</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Tooltip</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Default</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">allowList</span>
<span class="c1">// To allow table elements
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="nx">myDefaultAllowList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">table</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="c1">// To allow td elements and data-bs-option attributes on td elements
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="nx">myDefaultAllowList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">td</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'data-bs-option'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="c1">// You can push your custom regex to validate your attributes.
</span><span class="c1">// Be careful about your regular expressions being too lax
</span><span class="c1"></span><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">myCustomRegex</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="sr">/^data-my-app-[\w-]+/</span>
<span class="nx">myDefaultAllowList</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'*'</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">myCustomRegex</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div><p>If you want to bypass our sanitizer because you prefer to use a dedicated library, for example <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/dompurify">DOMPurify</a>, you should do the following:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-js" data-lang="js"><span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">yourTooltipEl</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">document</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">getElementById</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'yourTooltip'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="kd">var</span> <span class="nx">tooltip</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">new</span> <span class="nx">bootstrap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Tooltip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">yourTooltipEl</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nx">sanitizeFn</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="kd">function</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">content</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nx">DOMPurify</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sanitize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">content</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">})</span>
</code></pre></div>
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