diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/development/internal_analytics/service_ping/implement.md')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/development/internal_analytics/service_ping/implement.md | 853 |
1 files changed, 7 insertions, 846 deletions
diff --git a/doc/development/internal_analytics/service_ping/implement.md b/doc/development/internal_analytics/service_ping/implement.md index c6da26f86c2..8a85a310a9e 100644 --- a/doc/development/internal_analytics/service_ping/implement.md +++ b/doc/development/internal_analytics/service_ping/implement.md @@ -1,850 +1,11 @@ --- -stage: Analyze -group: Analytics Instrumentation -info: To determine the technical writer assigned to the Stage/Group associated with this page, see https://about.gitlab.com/handbook/product/ux/technical-writing/#assignments +redirect_to: '../metrics/metrics_instrumentation.md' +remove_date: '2024-01-13' --- -# Implement Service Ping +This document was moved to [another location](../metrics/metrics_instrumentation.md). -Service Ping consists of two kinds of data: - -- **Counters**: Track how often a certain event happened over time, such as how many CI/CD pipelines have run. - They are monotonic and usually trend up. -- **Observations**: Facts collected from one or more GitLab instances and can carry arbitrary data. - There are no general guidelines for how to collect those, due to the individual nature of that data. - -To implement a new metric in Service Ping, follow these steps: - -1. [Implement the required counter](#types-of-counters) -1. [Name and place the metric](metrics_dictionary.md#metric-key_path) -1. [Test counters manually using your Rails console](#test-counters-manually-using-your-rails-console) -1. [Generate the SQL query](#generate-the-sql-query) -1. [Optimize queries with Database Lab](#optimize-queries-with-database-lab) -1. [Add the metric definition to the Metrics Dictionary](#add-the-metric-definition) -1. [Create a merge request](#create-a-merge-request) -1. [Verify your metric](#verify-your-metric) -1. [Set up and test Service Ping locally](#set-up-and-test-service-ping-locally) - -## Instrumentation classes - -NOTE: -Implementing metrics directly in `usage_data.rb` is deprecated. -When you add or change a Service Ping Metric, you must migrate metrics to [instrumentation classes](metrics_instrumentation.md). -For information about the progress on migrating Service Ping metrics, see this [epic](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/5547). - -For example, we have the following instrumentation class: -`lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/instrumentations/count_boards_metric.rb`. - -You should add it to `usage_data.rb` as follows: - -```ruby -boards: add_metric('CountBoardsMetric', time_frame: 'all'), -``` - -## Types of counters - -There are several types of counters for metrics: - -- **[Batch counters](#batch-counters)**: Used for counts, sums, and averages. -- **[Redis counters](#redis-counters):** Used for in-memory counts. -- **[Alternative counters](#alternative-counters):** Used for settings and configurations. - -NOTE: -Only use the provided counter methods. Each counter method contains a built-in fail-safe mechanism that isolates each counter to avoid breaking the entire Service Ping process. - -### Batch counters - -For large tables, PostgreSQL can take a long time to count rows due to MVCC [(Multi-version Concurrency Control)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiversion_concurrency_control). Batch counting is a counting method where a single large query is broken into multiple smaller queries. For example, instead of a single query querying 1,000,000 records, with batch counting, you can execute 100 queries of 10,000 records each. Batch counting is useful for avoiding database timeouts as each batch query is significantly shorter than one single long running query. - -For GitLab.com, there are extremely large tables with 15 second query timeouts, so we use batch counting to avoid encountering timeouts. Here are the sizes of some GitLab.com tables: - -| Table | Row counts in millions | -|------------------------------|------------------------| -| `merge_request_diff_commits` | 2280 | -| `ci_build_trace_sections` | 1764 | -| `merge_request_diff_files` | 1082 | -| `events` | 514 | - -Batch counting requires indexes on columns to calculate max, min, and range queries. In some cases, -you must add a specialized index on the columns involved in a counter. - -#### Ordinary batch counters - -Create a new [database metrics](metrics_instrumentation.md#database-metrics) instrumentation class with `count` operation for a given `ActiveRecord_Relation` - -Method: - -```ruby -add_metric('CountIssuesMetric', time_frame: 'all') -``` - -Examples: - -Examples using `usage_data.rb` have been [deprecated](usage_data.md). We recommend to use [instrumentation classes](metrics_instrumentation.md). - -#### Distinct batch counters - -Create a new [database metrics](metrics_instrumentation.md#database-metrics) instrumentation class with `distinct_count` operation for a given `ActiveRecord_Relation`. - -Method: - -```ruby -add_metric('CountUsersAssociatingMilestonesToReleasesMetric', time_frame: 'all') -``` - -WARNING: -Counting over non-unique columns can lead to performance issues. For more information, see the [iterating tables in batches](../../database/iterating_tables_in_batches.md) guide. - -Examples: - -Examples using `usage_data.rb` have been [deprecated](usage_data.md). We recommend to use [instrumentation classes](metrics_instrumentation.md). - -#### Sum batch operation - -Sum the values of a given ActiveRecord_Relation on given column and handles errors. -Handles the `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` error - -Method: - -```ruby -add_metric('JiraImportsTotalImportedIssuesCountMetric') -``` - -#### Average batch operation - -Average the values of a given `ActiveRecord_Relation` on given column and handles errors. - -Method: - -```ruby -add_metric('CountIssuesWeightAverageMetric') -``` - -Examples: - -Examples using `usage_data.rb` have been [deprecated](usage_data.md). We recommend to use [instrumentation classes](metrics_instrumentation.md). - -#### Grouping and batch operations - -The `count`, `distinct_count` and `sum` batch counters can accept an `ActiveRecord::Relation` -object, which groups by a specified column. With a grouped relation, the methods do batch counting, -handle errors, and returns a hash table of key-value pairs. - -Examples: - -```ruby -count(Namespace.group(:type)) -# returns => {nil=>179, "Group"=>54} - -distinct_count(Project.group(:visibility_level), :creator_id) -# returns => {0=>1, 10=>1, 20=>11} - -sum(Issue.group(:state_id), :weight)) -# returns => {1=>3542, 2=>6820} -``` - -#### Add operation - -Sum the values given as parameters. Handles the `StandardError`. -Returns `-1` if any of the arguments are `-1`. - -Method: - -```ruby -add(*args) -``` - -Examples: - -```ruby -project_imports = distinct_count(::Project.where.not(import_type: nil), :creator_id) -bulk_imports = distinct_count(::BulkImport, :user_id) - - add(project_imports, bulk_imports) -``` - -#### Estimated batch counters - -> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/48233) in GitLab 13.7. - -Estimated batch counter functionality handles `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` errors -when used through the provided `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method. -Errors return a value of `-1`. - -WARNING: -This functionality estimates a distinct count of a specific ActiveRecord_Relation in a given column, -which uses the [HyperLogLog](https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//pubs/archive/40671.pdf) algorithm. -As the HyperLogLog algorithm is probabilistic, the **results always include error**. -The highest encountered error rate is 4.9%. - -When correctly used, the `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method enables efficient counting over -columns that contain non-unique values, which cannot be assured by other counters. - -##### `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method - -Method: - -```ruby -estimate_batch_distinct_count(relation, column = nil, batch_size: nil, start: nil, finish: nil) -``` - -The [method](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/utils/usage_data.rb#L63) -includes the following arguments: - -- `relation`: The ActiveRecord_Relation to perform the count. -- `column`: The column to perform the distinct count. The default is the primary key. -- `batch_size`: From `Gitlab::Database::PostgresHll::BatchDistinctCounter::DEFAULT_BATCH_SIZE`. Default value: 10,000. -- `start`: The custom start of the batch count, to avoid complex minimum calculations. -- `finish`: The custom end of the batch count to avoid complex maximum calculations. - -The method includes the following prerequisites: - -- The supplied `relation` must include the primary key defined as the numeric column. - For example: `id bigint NOT NULL`. -- The `estimate_batch_distinct_count` can handle a joined relation. To use its ability to - count non-unique columns, the joined relation **must not** have a one-to-many relationship, - such as `has_many :boards`. -- Both `start` and `finish` arguments should always represent primary key relationship values, - even if the estimated count refers to another column, for example: - - ```ruby - estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Note, :author_id, start: ::Note.minimum(:id), finish: ::Note.maximum(:id)) - ``` - -Examples: - -1. Simple execution of estimated batch counter, with only relation provided, - returned value represents estimated number of unique values in `id` column - (which is the primary key) of `Project` relation: - - ```ruby - estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Project) - ``` - -1. Execution of estimated batch counter, where provided relation has applied - additional filter (`.where(time_period)`), number of unique values estimated - in custom column (`:author_id`), and parameters: `start` and `finish` together - apply boundaries that defines range of provided relation to analyze: - - ```ruby - estimate_batch_distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::Note.minimum(:id), finish: ::Note.maximum(:id)) - ``` - -When instrumenting metric with usage of estimated batch counter please add -`_estimated` suffix to its name, for example: - -```ruby - "counts": { - "ci_builds_estimated": estimate_batch_distinct_count(Ci::Build), - ... -``` - -### Redis counters - -Handles `::Redis::CommandError` and `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::BaseCounter::UnknownEvent`. -Returns -1 when a block is sent or hash with all values and -1 when a `counter(Gitlab::UsageDataCounters)` is sent. -The different behavior is due to 2 different implementations of the Redis counter. - -Method: - -```ruby -redis_usage_data(counter, &block) -``` - -Arguments: - -- `counter`: a counter from `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters`, that has `fallback_totals` method implemented -- or a `block`: which is evaluated - -#### Ordinary Redis counters - -Example of implementation: [`Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::WikiPageCounter`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters/wiki_page_counter.rb), using Redis methods [`INCR`](https://redis.io/commands/incr/) and [`GET`](https://redis.io/commands/get/). - -Events are handled by counter classes in the `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters` namespace, inheriting from `BaseCounter`, that are either: - -1. Listed in [`Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::COUNTERS`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage_data_counters.rb#L5) to be then included in `Gitlab::UsageData`. - -1. Specified in the metric definition using the `RedisMetric` instrumentation class by their `prefix` option to be picked up using the [metric instrumentation](metrics_instrumentation.md) framework. Refer to the [Redis metrics](metrics_instrumentation.md#redis-metrics) documentation for an example implementation. - -Inheriting classes are expected to override `KNOWN_EVENTS` and `PREFIX` constants to build event names and associated metrics. For example, for prefix `issues` and events array `%w[create, update, delete]`, three metrics will be added to the Service Ping payload: `counts.issues_create`, `counts.issues_update` and `counts.issues_delete`. - -##### `UsageData` API - -You can use the `UsageData` API to track events. -To track events, the `usage_data_api` feature flag must -be enabled (set to `default_enabled: true`). -Enabled by default in GitLab 13.7 and later. - -##### UsageData API tracking - -1. Track events using the [`UsageData` API](#usagedata-api). - - Increment event count using an ordinary Redis counter, for a given event name. - - API requests are protected by checking for a valid CSRF token. - - ```plaintext - POST /usage_data/increment_counter - ``` - - | Attribute | Type | Required | Description | - | :-------- | :--- | :------- | :---------- | - | `event` | string | yes | The event name to track. | - - Response: - - - `200` if the event was tracked. - - `400 Bad request` if the event parameter is missing. - - `401 Unauthorized` if the user is not authenticated. - - `403 Forbidden` if an invalid CSRF token is provided. - -1. Track events using the JavaScript/Vue API helper which calls the [`UsageData` API](#usagedata-api). - - To track events, `usage_data_api` and `usage_data_#{event_name}` must be enabled. - - ```javascript - import api from '~/api'; - - api.trackRedisCounterEvent('my_already_defined_event_name'), - ``` - -#### Redis HLL counters - -WARNING: -HyperLogLog (HLL) is a probabilistic algorithm and its **results always includes some small error**. According to [Redis documentation](https://redis.io/commands/pfcount/), data from -used HLL implementation is "approximated with a standard error of 0.81%". - -NOTE: - A user's consent for `usage_stats` (`User.single_user&.requires_usage_stats_consent?`) is not checked during the data tracking stage due to performance reasons. Keys corresponding to those counters are present in Redis even if `usage_stats_consent` is still required. However, no metric is collected from Redis and reported back to GitLab as long as `usage_stats_consent` is required. - -With `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter` we have available data structures used to count unique values. - -Implemented using Redis methods [PFADD](https://redis.io/commands/pfadd/) and [PFCOUNT](https://redis.io/commands/pfcount/). - -##### Add new events - -1. Add an event to the required metric ([see example](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/ee/config/metrics/counts_7d/20230210200054_i_ee_code_review_merge_request_widget_license_compliance_expand_weekly.yml#L17-17)) or create a metric. - -1. Use one of the following methods to track the event: - - - In the controller using the `ProductAnalyticsTracking` module and the following format: - - ```ruby - track_event(*controller_actions, name:, action:, label:, conditions: nil, destinations: [:redis_hll], &block) - ``` - - Arguments: - - - `controller_actions`: the controller actions to track. - - `name`: the event name. - - `action`: required if destination is `:snowplow. Action name for the triggered event. See [event schema](../snowplow/index.md#event-schema) for more details. - - `label`: required if destination is `:snowplow. Label for the triggered event. See [event schema](../snowplow/index.md#event-schema) for more details. - - `conditions`: optional custom conditions. Uses the same format as Rails callbacks. - - `destinations`: optional list of destinations. Currently supports `:redis_hll` and `:snowplow`. Default: `:redis_hll`. - - `&block`: optional block that computes and returns the `custom_id` that we want to track. This overrides the `visitor_id`. - - Example: - - ```ruby - # controller - class ProjectsController < Projects::ApplicationController - include ProductAnalyticsTracking - - skip_before_action :authenticate_user!, only: :show - track_event :index, :show, - name: 'users_visiting_projects', - action: 'user_perform_visit', - label: 'redis_hll_counters.users_visiting_project_monthly', - destinations: %i[redis_hll snowplow] - - def index - render html: 'index' - end - - def new - render html: 'new' - end - - def show - render html: 'show' - end - end - ``` - - - In the API using the `increment_unique_values(event_name, values)` helper method. - - Arguments: - - - `event_name`: the event name. - - `values`: the values counted. Can be one value or an array of values. - - Example: - - ```ruby - get ':id/registry/repositories' do - repositories = ContainerRepositoriesFinder.new( - user: current_user, subject: user_group - ).execute - - increment_unique_values('users_listing_repositories', current_user.id) - - present paginate(repositories), with: Entities::ContainerRegistry::Repository, tags: params[:tags], tags_count: params[:tags_count] - end - ``` - - - Using `track_usage_event(event_name, values)` in services and GraphQL. - - Increment unique values count using Redis HLL, for a given event name. - - Examples: - - - [Track usage event for an incident in a service](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v13.8.3-ee/app/services/issues/update_service.rb#L66) - - [Track usage event for an incident in GraphQL](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/v13.8.3-ee/app/graphql/mutations/alert_management/update_alert_status.rb#L16) - - ```ruby - track_usage_event(:incident_management_incident_created, current_user.id) - ``` - - - Using the [`UsageData` API](#usagedata-api). - - Increment unique users count using Redis HLL, for a given event name. - - API requests are protected by checking for a valid CSRF token. - - ```plaintext - POST /usage_data/increment_unique_users - ``` - - | Attribute | Type | Required | Description | - | :-------- | :--- | :------- | :---------- | - | `event` | string | yes | The event name to track | - - Response: - - - `200` if the event was tracked, or if tracking failed for any reason. - - `400 Bad request` if an event parameter is missing. - - `401 Unauthorized` if the user is not authenticated. - - `403 Forbidden` if an invalid CSRF token is provided. - - - Using the JavaScript/Vue API helper, which calls the [`UsageData` API](#usagedata-api). - - Example for an existing event already defined in [metric fields](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/config/metrics/counts_28d/20220407125907_p_ci_templates_themekit_monthly.yml#L17-17): - - ```javascript - import api from '~/api'; - - api.trackRedisHllUserEvent('my_already_defined_event_name'), - ``` - -1. Get event data using `Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names:, start_date:, end_date:, context: '')`. - - Arguments: - - - `event_names`: the list of event names. - - `start_date`: start date of the period for which we want to get event data. - - `end_date`: end date of the period for which we want to get event data. - - `context`: context of the event. Allowed values are `default`, `free`, `bronze`, `silver`, `gold`, `starter`, `premium`, `ultimate`. - -1. Testing tracking and getting unique events - -Trigger events in rails console by using `track_event` method - - ```ruby - Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_viewing_compliance_audit_events', values: 1) - Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_viewing_compliance_audit_events', values: [2, 3]) - ``` - -Next, get the unique events for the current week. - - ```ruby - # Get unique events for metric for current_week - Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names: 'users_viewing_compliance_audit_events', - start_date: Date.current.beginning_of_week, end_date: Date.current.next_week) - ``` - -##### Recommendations - -We have the following recommendations for [adding new events](#add-new-events): - -- When adding new metrics, use a [feature flag](../../../operations/feature_flags.md) to control the impact. -It's recommended to disable the new feature flag by default (set `default_enabled: false`). -- Events can be triggered using the `UsageData` API, which helps when there are > 10 events per change - -##### Enable or disable Redis HLL tracking - -We can disable tracking completely by using the global flag: - -```shell -/chatops run feature set redis_hll_tracking true -/chatops run feature set redis_hll_tracking false -``` - -##### Known events are added automatically in Service Data payload - -Service Ping adds all events to Service Data generation under the `redis_hll_counters` key. This column is stored in [version-app as a JSON](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-services/version.gitlab.com/-/blob/main/db/schema.rb#L213). -For each event we add metrics for the weekly and monthly time frames, and totals for each where applicable: - -- `#{event_name}_weekly`: Data for 7 days for daily [aggregation](#add-new-events) events and data for the last complete week for weekly [aggregation](#add-new-events) events. -- `#{event_name}_monthly`: Data for 28 days for daily [aggregation](#add-new-events) events and data for the last 4 complete weeks for weekly [aggregation](#add-new-events) events. - -Example of `redis_hll_counters` data: - -```ruby -{:redis_hll_counters=> - {"compliance"=> - {"users_viewing_compliance_dashboard_weekly"=>0, - "users_viewing_compliance_dashboard_monthly"=>0, - "users_viewing_compliance_audit_events_weekly"=>0, - "users_viewing_audit_events_monthly"=>0, - "compliance_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0, - "compliance_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0}, - "analytics"=> - {"users_viewing_analytics_group_devops_adoption_weekly"=>0, - "users_viewing_analytics_group_devops_adoption_monthly"=>0, - "analytics_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0, - "analytics_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0}, - "ide_edit"=> - {"users_editing_by_web_ide_weekly"=>0, - "users_editing_by_web_ide_monthly"=>0, - "users_editing_by_sfe_weekly"=>0, - "users_editing_by_sfe_monthly"=>0, - "ide_edit_total_unique_counts_weekly"=>0, - "ide_edit_total_unique_counts_monthly"=>0} - } -} -``` - -Example: - -```ruby -# Redis Counters -redis_usage_data(Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::WikiPageCounter) - -# Tracking events -Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.track_event('users_expanding_vulnerabilities', values: visitor_id) - -# Get unique events for metric -redis_usage_data { Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::HLLRedisCounter.unique_events(event_names: 'users_expanding_vulnerabilities', start_date: 28.days.ago, end_date: Date.current) } -``` - -### Alternative counters - -Handles `StandardError` and fallbacks into -1 this way not all measures fail if we encounter one exception. -Mainly used for settings and configurations. - -Method: - -```ruby -alt_usage_data(value = nil, fallback: -1, &block) -``` - -Arguments: - -- `value`: a static value in which case the value is returned. -- or a `block`: which is evaluated -- `fallback: -1`: the common value used for any metrics that are failing. - -Example: - -```ruby -alt_usage_data { Gitlab::VERSION } -alt_usage_data { Gitlab::CurrentSettings.uuid } -alt_usage_data(999) -``` - -### Add counters to build new metrics - -When adding the results of two counters, use the `add` Service Data method that -handles fallback values and exceptions. It also generates a valid [SQL export](index.md#export-service-ping-data). - -Example: - -```ruby -add(User.active, User.bot) -``` - -### Prometheus queries - -In those cases where operational metrics should be part of Service Ping, a database or Redis query is unlikely -to provide useful data. Instead, Prometheus might be more appropriate, because most GitLab architectural -components publish metrics to it that can be queried back, aggregated, and included as Service Data. - -NOTE: -Prometheus as a data source for Service Ping is only available for single-node Omnibus installations -that are running the [bundled Prometheus](../../../administration/monitoring/prometheus/index.md) instance. - -To query Prometheus for metrics, a helper method is available to `yield` a fully configured -`PrometheusClient`, given it is available as per the note above: - -```ruby -with_prometheus_client do |client| - response = client.query('<your query>') - ... -end -``` - -Refer to [the `PrometheusClient` definition](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/prometheus_client.rb) -for how to use its API to query for data. - -### Fallback values for Service Ping - -We return fallback values in these cases: - -| Case | Value | -|-----------------------------|-------| -| Deprecated Metric ([Removed with version 14.3](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/335894)) | -1000 | -| Timeouts, general failures | -1 | -| Standard errors in counters | -2 | -| Histogram metrics failure | { '-1' => -1 } | - -## Test counters manually using your Rails console - -```ruby -# count -Gitlab::UsageData.count(User.active) -Gitlab::UsageData.count(::Clusters::Cluster.aws_installed.enabled, :cluster_id) - -# count distinct -Gitlab::UsageData.distinct_count(::Project, :creator_id) -Gitlab::UsageData.distinct_count(::Note.with_suggestions.where(time_period), :author_id, start: ::User.minimum(:id), finish: ::User.maximum(:id)) -``` - -## Generate the SQL query - -Your Rails console returns the generated SQL queries. For example: - -```ruby -pry(main)> Gitlab::UsageData.count(User.active) - (2.6ms) SELECT "features"."key" FROM "features" - (15.3ms) SELECT MIN("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4)) - (2.4ms) SELECT MAX("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4)) - (1.9ms) SELECT COUNT("users"."id") FROM "users" WHERE ("users"."state" IN ('active')) AND ("users"."user_type" IS NULL OR "users"."user_type" IN (6, 4)) AND "users"."id" BETWEEN 1 AND 100000 -``` - -## Optimize queries with Database Lab - -[Database Lab](../../database/database_lab.md) is a service that uses a production clone to test queries. - -- GitLab.com's production database has a 15 second timeout. -- Any single query must stay below the [1 second execution time](../../database/query_performance.md#timing-guidelines-for-queries) with cold caches. -- Add a specialized index on columns involved to reduce the execution time. - -To understand the query's execution, we add the following information -to a merge request description: - -- For counters that have a `time_period` test, we add information for both: - - `time_period = {}` for all time periods. - - `time_period = { created_at: 28.days.ago..Time.current }` for the last 28 days. -- Execution plan and query time before and after optimization. -- Query generated for the index and time. -- Migration output for up and down execution. - -For more details, see the [database review guide](../../database_review.md#preparation-when-adding-or-modifying-queries). - -### Optimization recommendations and examples - -- Use specialized indexes. For examples, see these merge requests: - - [Example 1](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/26871) - - [Example 2](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/26445) -- Use defined `start` and `finish`. These values can be memoized and reused, as in this - [example merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/37155). -- Avoid joins and unnecessary complexity in your queries. See this - [example merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/36316) as an example. -- Set a custom `batch_size` for `distinct_count`, as in this [example merge request](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/38000). - -## Add the metric definition - -See the [Metrics Dictionary guide](metrics_dictionary.md) for more information. - -## Create a merge request - -Create a merge request for the new Service Ping metric, and do the following: - -- Add the `feature` label to the merge request. A metric is a user-facing change and is part of expanding the Service Ping feature. -- Add a changelog entry that complies with the [changelog entries guide](../../changelog.md). -- Ask for an Analytics Instrumentation review. - On GitLab.com, we have DangerBot set up to monitor Analytics Instrumentation related files and recommend a [Analytics Instrumentation review](review_guidelines.md). - -## Verify your metric - -On GitLab.com, the Product Intelligence team regularly [monitors Service Ping](https://gitlab.com/groups/gitlab-org/-/epics/6000). -They may alert you that your metrics need further optimization to run quicker and with greater success. - -The Service Ping JSON payload for GitLab.com is shared in the -[#g_product_intelligence](https://gitlab.slack.com/archives/CL3A7GFPF) Slack channel every week. - -You may also use the [Service Ping QA dashboard](https://app.periscopedata.com/app/gitlab/632033/Usage-Ping-QA) to check how well your metric performs. -The dashboard allows filtering by GitLab version, by "Self-managed" and "SaaS", and shows you how many failures have occurred for each metric. Whenever you notice a high failure rate, you can re-optimize your metric. - -Use [Metrics Dictionary](https://metrics.gitlab.com/) [copy query to clipboard feature](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4o65ivta48&list=PL05JrBw4t0Krg3mbR6chU7pXtMt_es6Pb) to get a query ready to run in Sisense for a specific metric. - -## Set up and test Service Ping locally - -To set up Service Ping locally, you must: - -1. [Set up local repositories](#set-up-local-repositories). -1. [Test local setup](#test-local-setup). -1. Optional. [Test Prometheus-based Service Ping](#test-prometheus-based-service-ping). - -### Set up local repositories - -1. Clone and start [GitLab](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit). -1. Clone and start [Versions Application](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-services/version.gitlab.com). - Make sure you run `docker-compose up` to start a PostgreSQL and Redis instance. -1. Point GitLab to the Versions Application endpoint instead of the default endpoint: - 1. Open [service_ping/submit_service.rb](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/app/services/service_ping/submit_service.rb#L5) locally and modify `STAGING_BASE_URL`. - 1. Set it to the local Versions Application URL: `http://localhost:3000`. - -### Test local setup - -1. Using the `gitlab` Rails console, manually trigger Service Ping: - - ```ruby - GitlabServicePingWorker.new.perform('triggered_from_cron' => false) - ``` - -1. Use the `versions` Rails console to check the Service Ping was successfully received, - parsed, and stored in the Versions database: - - ```ruby - UsageData.last - ``` - -## Test Prometheus-based Service Ping - -If the data submitted includes metrics [queried from Prometheus](#prometheus-queries) -you want to inspect and verify, you must: - -- Ensure that a Prometheus server is running locally. -- Ensure the respective GitLab components are exporting metrics to the Prometheus server. - -If you do not need to test data coming from Prometheus, no further action -is necessary. Service Ping should degrade gracefully in the absence of a running Prometheus server. - -Three kinds of components may export data to Prometheus, and are included in Service Ping: - -- [`node_exporter`](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter): Exports node metrics - from the host machine. -- [`gitlab-exporter`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-exporter): Exports process metrics - from various GitLab components. -- Other various GitLab services, such as Sidekiq and the Rails server, which export their own metrics. - -### Test with an Omnibus container - -This is the recommended approach to test Prometheus-based Service Ping. - -To verify your change, build a new Omnibus image from your code branch using CI/CD, download the image, -and run a local container instance: - -1. From your merge request, select the `qa` stage, then trigger the `e2e:package-and-test` job. This job triggers an Omnibus - build in a [downstream pipeline of the `omnibus-gitlab-mirror` project](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/-/pipelines). -1. In the downstream pipeline, wait for the `gitlab-docker` job to finish. -1. Open the job logs and locate the full container name including the version. It takes the following form: `registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/gitlab-ee:<VERSION>`. -1. On your local machine, make sure you are signed in to the GitLab Docker registry. You can find the instructions for this in - [Authenticate to the GitLab Container Registry](../../../user/packages/container_registry/authenticate_with_container_registry.md). -1. Once signed in, download the new image by using `docker pull registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/build/omnibus-gitlab-mirror/gitlab-ee:<VERSION>` -1. For more information about working with and running Omnibus GitLab containers in Docker, refer to [GitLab Docker images](../../../install/docker.md) documentation. - -### Test with GitLab development toolkits - -This is the less recommended approach, because it comes with a number of difficulties when emulating a real GitLab deployment. - -The [GDK](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit) is not set up to run a Prometheus server or `node_exporter` alongside other GitLab components. If you would -like to do so, [Monitoring the GDK with Prometheus](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-development-kit/-/blob/main/doc/howto/prometheus/index.md#monitoring-the-gdk-with-prometheus) is a good start. - -The [GCK](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-compose-kit) has limited support for testing Prometheus based Service Ping. -By default, it comes with a fully configured Prometheus service that is set up to scrape a number of components. -However, it has the following limitations: - -- It does not run a `gitlab-exporter` instance, so several `process_*` metrics from services such as Gitaly may be missing. -- While it runs a `node_exporter`, `docker-compose` services emulate hosts, meaning that it usually reports itself as not associated - with any of the other running services. That is not how node metrics are reported in a production setup, where `node_exporter` - always runs as a process alongside other GitLab components on any given node. For Service Ping, none of the node data would therefore - appear to be associated to any of the services running, because they all appear to be running on different hosts. To alleviate this problem, the `node_exporter` in GCK was arbitrarily "assigned" to the `web` service, meaning only for this service `node_*` metrics appears in Service Ping. - -## Aggregated metrics - -> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/45979) in GitLab 13.6. - -WARNING: -This feature is intended solely for internal GitLab use. - -The aggregated metrics feature provides insight into the data attributes in a collection of Service Ping metrics. -This aggregation allows you to count data attributes in events without counting each occurrence of the same data attribute in multiple events. -For example, you can aggregate the number of users who perform several actions, such as creating a new issue and opening a new merge request. -You can then count each user that performed any combination of these actions. - -### Defining aggregated metric via metric YAML definition - -To add data for aggregated metrics to the Service Ping payload, -create metric YAML definition file following [Aggregated metric instrumentation guide](metrics_instrumentation.md#aggregated-metrics). - -### Redis sourced aggregated metrics - -> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/45979) in GitLab 13.6. - -To declare the aggregate of events collected with [Redis HLL Counters](#redis-hll-counters), make sure `time_frame` does not include the `all` value, which is unavailable for Redis-sourced aggregated metrics. - -While it is possible to aggregate EE-only events together with events that occur in all GitLab editions, it's important to remember that doing so may produce high variance between data collected from EE and CE GitLab instances. - -### Database sourced aggregated metrics - -> [Introduced](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/merge_requests/52784) in GitLab 13.9. - -To declare an aggregate of metrics based on events collected from database, follow -these steps: - -1. [Persist the metrics for aggregation](#persist-metrics-for-aggregation). -1. [Add new aggregated metric definition](#add-new-aggregated-metric-definition). - -#### Persist metrics for aggregation - -Only metrics calculated with [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters) -can be persisted for database sourced aggregated metrics. To persist a metric, -inject a Ruby block into the -[`estimate_batch_distinct_count`](#estimate_batch_distinct_count-method) method. -This block should invoke the -`Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll.save_aggregated_metrics` -[method](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/usage/metrics/aggregates/sources/postgres_hll.rb#L21), -which stores `estimate_batch_distinct_count` results for future use in aggregated metrics. - -The `Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll.save_aggregated_metrics` -method accepts the following arguments: - -- `metric_name`: The name of metric to use for aggregations. Should be the same - as the key under which the metric is added into Service Ping. -- `recorded_at_timestamp`: The timestamp representing the moment when a given - Service Ping payload was collected. You should use the convenience method `recorded_at` - to fill `recorded_at_timestamp` argument, like this: `recorded_at_timestamp: recorded_at` -- `time_period`: The time period used to build the `relation` argument passed into - `estimate_batch_distinct_count`. To collect the metric with all available historical - data, set a `nil` value as time period: `time_period: nil`. -- `data`: HyperLogLog buckets structure representing unique entries in `relation`. - The `estimate_batch_distinct_count` method always passes the correct argument - into the block, so `data` argument must always have a value equal to block argument, - like this: `data: result` - -Example metrics persistence: - -```ruby -class UsageData - def count_secure_pipelines(time_period) - ... - relation = ::Security::Scan.by_scan_types(scan_type).where(time_period) - - pipelines_with_secure_jobs['dependency_scanning_pipeline'] = estimate_batch_distinct_count(relation, :pipeline_id, batch_size: 1000, start: start_id, finish: finish_id) do |result| - ::Gitlab::Usage::Metrics::Aggregates::Sources::PostgresHll - .save_aggregated_metrics(metric_name: 'dependency_scanning_pipeline', recorded_at_timestamp: recorded_at, time_period: time_period, data: result) - end - end -end -``` - -#### Add new aggregated metric definition - -After all metrics are persisted, you can add an aggregated metric definition following [Aggregated metric instrumentation guide](metrics_instrumentation.md#aggregated-metrics). -To declare the aggregate of metrics collected with [Estimated Batch Counters](#estimated-batch-counters), -you must fulfill the following requirements: - -- Metrics names listed in the `events:` attribute, have to use the same names you passed in the `metric_name` argument while persisting metrics in previous step. -- Every metric listed in the `events:` attribute, has to be persisted for **every** selected `time_frame:` value. +<!-- This redirect file can be deleted after <2024-01-13>. --> +<!-- Redirects that point to other docs in the same project expire in three months. --> +<!-- Redirects that point to docs in a different project or site (for example, link is not relative and starts with `https:`) expire in one year. --> +<!-- Before deletion, see: https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/development/documentation/redirects.html --> |