From 5afcbe03ead9ada87621888a31a62652b10a7e4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: GitLab Bot <gitlab-bot@gitlab.com>
Date: Wed, 20 Sep 2023 11:18:08 +0000
Subject: Add latest changes from gitlab-org/gitlab@16-4-stable-ee

---
 spec/models/ability_spec.rb                        |   5 +
 spec/models/abuse_report_spec.rb                   |  27 +-
 spec/models/active_session_spec.rb                 |  18 +-
 .../alert_management/http_integration_spec.rb      |   2 +-
 .../alerting/project_alerting_setting_spec.rb      |  29 +-
 .../cycle_analytics/runtime_limiter_spec.rb        |  55 ++++
 spec/models/application_setting_spec.rb            |  12 +
 spec/models/award_emoji_spec.rb                    |  33 ++-
 spec/models/bulk_imports/entity_spec.rb            |   8 +
 spec/models/ci/build_spec.rb                       | 179 +++++------
 spec/models/ci/catalog/listing_spec.rb             |  12 +-
 spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb            |   6 +-
 spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb |   2 +-
 spec/models/ci/runner_spec.rb                      |   7 +-
 spec/models/clusters/agent_token_spec.rb           |  39 ++-
 spec/models/commit_status_spec.rb                  |  40 ++-
 spec/models/concerns/as_cte_spec.rb                |   2 +-
 spec/models/concerns/each_batch_spec.rb            |  20 ++
 spec/models/concerns/expirable_spec.rb             |   7 +-
 spec/models/concerns/has_user_type_spec.rb         |  80 ++++-
 spec/models/concerns/issuable_spec.rb              |  31 ++
 spec/models/concerns/prometheus_adapter_spec.rb    |  22 --
 .../concerns/require_email_verification_spec.rb    |   2 +-
 spec/models/concerns/resolvable_discussion_spec.rb |   8 +-
 spec/models/concerns/routable_spec.rb              |  71 ++++-
 spec/models/concerns/transitionable_spec.rb        |  40 +++
 spec/models/deploy_key_spec.rb                     |   2 +-
 spec/models/design_management/design_spec.rb       |  10 -
 spec/models/doorkeeper/application_spec.rb         |  11 +
 spec/models/environment_status_spec.rb             |  12 -
 spec/models/group_spec.rb                          |  21 +-
 spec/models/hooks/web_hook_log_spec.rb             |  38 +++
 spec/models/integration_spec.rb                    |   6 +-
 .../integrations/base_chat_notification_spec.rb    |  21 +-
 .../chat_message/deployment_message_spec.rb        |  36 ++-
 spec/models/integrations/confluence_spec.rb        |   6 +
 spec/models/integrations/mattermost_spec.rb        |   2 +-
 spec/models/integrations/prometheus_spec.rb        |  28 ++
 spec/models/integrations/shimo_spec.rb             |   8 +-
 spec/models/integrations/slack_spec.rb             |   2 +-
 spec/models/integrations/zentao_spec.rb            |   8 +-
 spec/models/issue_spec.rb                          |   7 +-
 .../modification_tracker_spec.rb                   |  14 +-
 .../turbo_modification_tracker_spec.rb             |  23 ++
 spec/models/member_spec.rb                         |   7 +
 spec/models/members/group_member_spec.rb           |  16 +-
 spec/models/merge_request_spec.rb                  | 160 +++++++++-
 spec/models/metrics/dashboard/annotation_spec.rb   |  73 -----
 .../models/metrics/users_starred_dashboard_spec.rb |  39 ---
 spec/models/ml/model_version_spec.rb               |  10 +-
 spec/models/namespace_spec.rb                      | 326 +++++----------------
 spec/models/note_spec.rb                           | 111 ++++---
 spec/models/notification_setting_spec.rb           |   7 +
 spec/models/oauth_access_token_spec.rb             |   6 +-
 spec/models/organizations/organization_spec.rb     |   1 +
 spec/models/packages/dependency_link_spec.rb       |  68 ++++-
 spec/models/packages/ml_model/package_spec.rb      |  67 +++++
 spec/models/packages/nuget/metadatum_spec.rb       |  23 +-
 spec/models/packages/nuget/symbol_spec.rb          |  70 +++++
 spec/models/packages/package_spec.rb               |  43 ++-
 spec/models/packages/protection/rule_spec.rb       |  40 +++
 spec/models/pages/virtual_domain_spec.rb           |  53 ++--
 spec/models/pages_deployment_spec.rb               |  51 ++++
 spec/models/pages_domain_spec.rb                   |  11 +
 .../prometheus_metric_spec.rb                      |  67 -----
 .../prometheus_panel_group_spec.rb                 |  62 ----
 .../prometheus_panel_spec.rb                       |  85 ------
 spec/models/plan_spec.rb                           |  12 +
 spec/models/pool_repository_spec.rb                |  46 ++-
 spec/models/project_authorization_spec.rb          |  37 +++
 spec/models/project_authorizations/changes_spec.rb |  10 +-
 spec/models/project_ci_cd_setting_spec.rb          |   2 +-
 spec/models/project_feature_spec.rb                |  20 ++
 spec/models/project_import_state_spec.rb           |   8 +
 spec/models/project_metrics_setting_spec.rb        |  63 ----
 spec/models/project_spec.rb                        | 113 ++++---
 spec/models/repository_spec.rb                     |  31 +-
 spec/models/resource_label_event_spec.rb           |  17 +-
 spec/models/resource_state_event_spec.rb           |  16 +-
 spec/models/review_spec.rb                         |  19 ++
 spec/models/route_spec.rb                          |  10 +
 spec/models/snippet_repository_spec.rb             |   2 +-
 spec/models/user_custom_attribute_spec.rb          |  29 +-
 spec/models/user_preference_spec.rb                |  14 +
 spec/models/user_spec.rb                           | 125 +-------
 spec/models/users/credit_card_validation_spec.rb   | 143 ++++++++-
 spec/models/users/group_visit_spec.rb              |  25 ++
 spec/models/users/project_visit_spec.rb            |  25 ++
 spec/models/work_item_spec.rb                      |  81 ++++-
 .../work_items/related_work_item_link_spec.rb      |  40 +++
 spec/models/work_items/widgets/description_spec.rb |   2 +-
 .../models/work_items/widgets/linked_items_spec.rb |   4 +-
 spec/models/x509_certificate_spec.rb               |   1 -
 spec/models/x509_issuer_spec.rb                    |   2 -
 94 files changed, 2075 insertions(+), 1230 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 spec/models/analytics/cycle_analytics/runtime_limiter_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/concerns/transitionable_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/doorkeeper/application_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/turbo_modification_tracker_spec.rb
 delete mode 100644 spec/models/metrics/dashboard/annotation_spec.rb
 delete mode 100644 spec/models/metrics/users_starred_dashboard_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/packages/ml_model/package_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/packages/nuget/symbol_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/packages/protection/rule_spec.rb
 delete mode 100644 spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_metric_spec.rb
 delete mode 100644 spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_group_spec.rb
 delete mode 100644 spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_spec.rb
 delete mode 100644 spec/models/project_metrics_setting_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/users/group_visit_spec.rb
 create mode 100644 spec/models/users/project_visit_spec.rb

(limited to 'spec/models')

diff --git a/spec/models/ability_spec.rb b/spec/models/ability_spec.rb
index 422dd9a463b..a808cb1c823 100644
--- a/spec/models/ability_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ability_spec.rb
@@ -270,6 +270,11 @@ RSpec.describe Ability do
   end
 
   describe '.issues_readable_by_user' do
+    it 'is aliased to .work_items_readable_by_user' do
+      expect(described_class.method(:issues_readable_by_user))
+        .to eq(described_class.method(:work_items_readable_by_user))
+    end
+
     context 'with an admin when admin mode is enabled', :enable_admin_mode do
       it 'returns all given issues' do
         user = build(:user, admin: true)
diff --git a/spec/models/abuse_report_spec.rb b/spec/models/abuse_report_spec.rb
index 584f9b010ad..1fa60a210e2 100644
--- a/spec/models/abuse_report_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/abuse_report_spec.rb
@@ -385,13 +385,28 @@ RSpec.describe AbuseReport, feature_category: :insider_threat do
     end
   end
 
-  describe '#other_reports_for_user' do
-    let(:report) { create(:abuse_report) }
-    let(:another_user_report) { create(:abuse_report, user: report.user) }
-    let(:another_report) { create(:abuse_report) }
+  describe '#past_closed_reports_for_user' do
+    let(:report_1) { create(:abuse_report, :closed) }
+    let(:report_2) { create(:abuse_report, user: report.user) }
+    let(:report_3) { create(:abuse_report, :closed, user: report.user) }
 
-    it 'returns other reports for the same user' do
-      expect(report.other_reports_for_user).to match_array(another_user_report)
+    it 'returns past closed reports for the same user' do
+      expect(report.past_closed_reports_for_user).to match_array(report_3)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#similar_open_reports_for_user' do
+    let(:report_1) { create(:abuse_report, category: 'spam') }
+    let(:report_2) { create(:abuse_report, category: 'spam', user: report.user) }
+    let(:report_3) { create(:abuse_report, category: 'offensive', user: report.user) }
+    let(:report_4) { create(:abuse_report, :closed, category: 'spam', user: report.user) }
+
+    it 'returns open reports for the same user and category' do
+      expect(report.similar_open_reports_for_user).to match_array(report_2)
+    end
+
+    it 'returns no abuse reports when the report is closed' do
+      expect(report_4.similar_open_reports_for_user).to match_array(described_class.none)
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/models/active_session_spec.rb b/spec/models/active_session_spec.rb
index 54169c254a6..af884fdb83c 100644
--- a/spec/models/active_session_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/active_session_spec.rb
@@ -650,25 +650,13 @@ RSpec.describe ActiveSession, :clean_gitlab_redis_sessions do
     end
   end
 
-  describe '.set_active_user_cookie' do
+  describe '.set_active_user_cookie', :freeze_time do
     let(:auth) { double(cookies: {}) }
 
     it 'sets marketing cookie' do
       described_class.set_active_user_cookie(auth)
-      expect(auth.cookies[:about_gitlab_active_user][:value]).to be_truthy
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe '.unset_active_user_cookie' do
-    let(:auth) { double(cookies: {}) }
-
-    before do
-      described_class.set_active_user_cookie(auth)
-    end
-
-    it 'unsets marketing cookie' do
-      described_class.unset_active_user_cookie(auth)
-      expect(auth.cookies[:about_gitlab_active_user]).to be_nil
+      expect(auth.cookies[:gitlab_user][:value]).to be_truthy
+      expect(auth.cookies[:gitlab_user][:expires]).to be_within(1.minute).of(2.weeks.from_now)
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/alert_management/http_integration_spec.rb b/spec/models/alert_management/http_integration_spec.rb
index 479ae8a4966..dc26d0323d7 100644
--- a/spec/models/alert_management/http_integration_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/alert_management/http_integration_spec.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ RSpec.describe AlertManagement::HttpIntegration, feature_category: :incident_man
 
   let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
 
-  subject(:integration) { build(:alert_management_http_integration) }
+  subject(:integration) { build(:alert_management_http_integration, project: project) }
 
   describe 'associations' do
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project) }
diff --git a/spec/models/alerting/project_alerting_setting_spec.rb b/spec/models/alerting/project_alerting_setting_spec.rb
index 90c5f8313b0..0424b94a1b7 100644
--- a/spec/models/alerting/project_alerting_setting_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/alerting/project_alerting_setting_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Alerting::ProjectAlertingSetting do
+RSpec.describe Alerting::ProjectAlertingSetting, feature_category: :incident_management do
   let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
 
   subject { create(:project_alerting_setting, project: project) }
@@ -37,4 +37,31 @@ RSpec.describe Alerting::ProjectAlertingSetting do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#sync_http_integration after_save callback' do
+    let_it_be_with_reload(:setting) { create(:project_alerting_setting, :with_http_integration, project: project) }
+    let_it_be_with_reload(:http_integration) { setting.project.alert_management_http_integrations.last! }
+    let_it_be(:new_token) { 'new_token' }
+
+    context 'with corresponding HTTP integration' do
+      let_it_be(:original_token) { http_integration.token }
+
+      it 'syncs the attribute' do
+        expect { setting.update!(token: new_token) }
+          .to change { http_integration.reload.token }
+          .from(original_token).to(new_token)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'without corresponding HTTP integration' do
+      before do
+        http_integration.update_columns(endpoint_identifier: 'legacy')
+      end
+
+      it 'does not sync the attribute or execute extra queries' do
+        expect { setting.update!(token: new_token) }
+          .not_to change { http_integration.reload.token }
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/analytics/cycle_analytics/runtime_limiter_spec.rb b/spec/models/analytics/cycle_analytics/runtime_limiter_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a5200719c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/analytics/cycle_analytics/runtime_limiter_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Analytics::CycleAnalytics::RuntimeLimiter, feature_category: :value_stream_management do
+  let(:max_runtime) { 321 }
+  let(:runtime_limiter) { described_class.new(max_runtime) }
+
+  describe '#elapsed_time' do
+    it 'reports monotonic elapsed time since instantiation' do
+      elapsed = 123
+      first_monotonic_time = 100
+      second_monotonic_time = first_monotonic_time + elapsed
+
+      expect(Gitlab::Metrics::System).to receive(:monotonic_time)
+        .and_return(first_monotonic_time, second_monotonic_time)
+
+      expect(runtime_limiter.elapsed_time).to eq(elapsed)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#over_time?' do
+    it 'returns true if over time' do
+      start_time = 100
+      allow(Gitlab::Metrics::System).to receive(:monotonic_time).and_return(start_time, start_time + max_runtime - 1)
+
+      expect(runtime_limiter.over_time?).to be(false)
+
+      allow(Gitlab::Metrics::System).to receive(:monotonic_time).and_return(start_time + max_runtime)
+      expect(runtime_limiter.over_time?).to be(true)
+
+      allow(Gitlab::Metrics::System).to receive(:monotonic_time).and_return(start_time + max_runtime + 1)
+      expect(runtime_limiter.over_time?).to be(true)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#was_over_time?' do
+    it 'returns true if over_time? returned true at an earlier step' do
+      first_monotonic_time = 10
+      second_monotonic_time = first_monotonic_time + 50
+      third_monotonic_time = second_monotonic_time + 50 # over time: 110 > 100
+
+      expect(Gitlab::Metrics::System).to receive(:monotonic_time)
+        .and_return(first_monotonic_time, second_monotonic_time, third_monotonic_time)
+
+      runtime_limiter = described_class.new(100)
+
+      expect(runtime_limiter.over_time?).to be(false) # uses the second_monotonic_time
+      expect(runtime_limiter.was_over_time?).to be(false)
+
+      expect(runtime_limiter.over_time?).to be(true) # uses the third_monotonic_time
+      expect(runtime_limiter.was_over_time?).to be(true)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/application_setting_spec.rb b/spec/models/application_setting_spec.rb
index 5a70bec8b33..3fc7d8f6fc8 100644
--- a/spec/models/application_setting_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/application_setting_spec.rb
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ RSpec.describe ApplicationSetting, feature_category: :shared, type: :model do
     it { expect(setting.kroki_formats).to eq({}) }
     it { expect(setting.default_branch_protection_defaults).to eq({}) }
     it { expect(setting.max_decompressed_archive_size).to eq(25600) }
+    it { expect(setting.decompress_archive_file_timeout).to eq(210) }
   end
 
   describe 'validations' do
@@ -134,6 +135,9 @@ RSpec.describe ApplicationSetting, feature_category: :shared, type: :model do
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:container_registry_import_target_plan) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:container_registry_import_created_before) }
 
+    it { is_expected.to validate_numericality_of(:decompress_archive_file_timeout).only_integer.is_greater_than_or_equal_to(0) }
+    it { is_expected.not_to allow_value(nil).for(:decompress_archive_file_timeout) }
+
     it { is_expected.to validate_numericality_of(:dependency_proxy_ttl_group_policy_worker_capacity).only_integer.is_greater_than_or_equal_to(0) }
     it { is_expected.not_to allow_value(nil).for(:dependency_proxy_ttl_group_policy_worker_capacity) }
 
@@ -237,6 +241,11 @@ RSpec.describe ApplicationSetting, feature_category: :shared, type: :model do
     it { is_expected.not_to allow_value(nil).for(:users_get_by_id_limit_allowlist) }
     it { is_expected.to allow_value([]).for(:users_get_by_id_limit_allowlist) }
 
+    it { is_expected.to allow_value(many_usernames(100)).for(:search_rate_limit_allowlist) }
+    it { is_expected.not_to allow_value(many_usernames(101)).for(:search_rate_limit_allowlist) }
+    it { is_expected.not_to allow_value(nil).for(:search_rate_limit_allowlist) }
+    it { is_expected.to allow_value([]).for(:search_rate_limit_allowlist) }
+
     it { is_expected.to allow_value('all_tiers').for(:whats_new_variant) }
     it { is_expected.to allow_value('current_tier').for(:whats_new_variant) }
     it { is_expected.to allow_value('disabled').for(:whats_new_variant) }
@@ -436,11 +445,14 @@ RSpec.describe ApplicationSetting, feature_category: :shared, type: :model do
 
         it { is_expected.not_to allow_value(nil).for(:snowplow_collector_hostname) }
         it { is_expected.to allow_value("snowplow.gitlab.com").for(:snowplow_collector_hostname) }
+        it { is_expected.to allow_value("db-snowplow.gitlab.com").for(:snowplow_database_collector_hostname) }
+        it { is_expected.not_to allow_value("#{'a' * 256}db-snowplow.gitlab.com").for(:snowplow_database_collector_hostname) }
         it { is_expected.not_to allow_value('/example').for(:snowplow_collector_hostname) }
       end
 
       context 'when snowplow is not enabled' do
         it { is_expected.to allow_value(nil).for(:snowplow_collector_hostname) }
+        it { is_expected.to allow_value(nil).for(:snowplow_database_collector_hostname) }
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/models/award_emoji_spec.rb b/spec/models/award_emoji_spec.rb
index 586ec8f723a..b179f2df816 100644
--- a/spec/models/award_emoji_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/award_emoji_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
+RSpec.describe AwardEmoji, feature_category: :team_planning do
+  let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
+
   describe 'Associations' do
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:awardable) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:user) }
@@ -60,7 +62,6 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
     end
 
     context 'custom emoji' do
-      let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
       let_it_be(:group) { create(:group) }
       let_it_be(:emoji) { create(:custom_emoji, name: 'partyparrot', namespace: group) }
       let_it_be(:project) { create(:project, namespace: group) }
@@ -144,27 +145,27 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
   describe 'broadcasting updates' do
     context 'on a note' do
       let(:note) { create(:note_on_issue) }
-      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: build(:user), awardable: note) }
+      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: user, awardable: note) }
 
       it 'broadcasts updates on the note when saved' do
-        expect(note).to receive(:expire_etag_cache)
+        expect(note).to receive(:broadcast_noteable_notes_changed)
         expect(note).to receive(:trigger_note_subscription_update)
 
         award_emoji.save!
       end
 
       it 'broadcasts updates on the note when destroyed' do
-        expect(note).to receive(:expire_etag_cache)
+        expect(note).to receive(:broadcast_noteable_notes_changed)
         expect(note).to receive(:trigger_note_subscription_update)
 
         award_emoji.destroy!
       end
 
       context 'when importing' do
-        let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: build(:user), awardable: note, importing: true) }
+        let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: user, awardable: note, importing: true) }
 
         it 'does not broadcast updates on the note when saved' do
-          expect(note).not_to receive(:expire_etag_cache)
+          expect(note).not_to receive(:broadcast_noteable_notes_changed)
           expect(note).not_to receive(:trigger_note_subscription_update)
 
           award_emoji.save!
@@ -174,17 +175,17 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
 
     context 'on another awardable' do
       let(:issue) { create(:issue) }
-      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: build(:user), awardable: issue) }
+      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: user, awardable: issue) }
 
       it 'does not broadcast updates on the issue when saved' do
-        expect(issue).not_to receive(:expire_etag_cache)
+        expect(issue).not_to receive(:broadcast_noteable_notes_changed)
         expect(issue).not_to receive(:trigger_note_subscription_update)
 
         award_emoji.save!
       end
 
       it 'does not broadcast updates on the issue when destroyed' do
-        expect(issue).not_to receive(:expire_etag_cache)
+        expect(issue).not_to receive(:broadcast_noteable_notes_changed)
         expect(issue).not_to receive(:trigger_note_subscription_update)
 
         award_emoji.destroy!
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
 
   describe 'bumping updated at' do
     let(:note) { create(:note_on_issue) }
-    let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: build(:user), awardable: note) }
+    let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: user, awardable: note) }
 
     it 'calls bump_updated_at on the note when saved' do
       expect(note).to receive(:bump_updated_at)
@@ -210,7 +211,7 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
 
     context 'on another awardable' do
       let(:issue) { create(:issue) }
-      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: build(:user), awardable: issue) }
+      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: user, awardable: issue) }
 
       it 'does not error out when saved' do
         expect { award_emoji.save! }.not_to raise_error
@@ -248,8 +249,8 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
   describe 'updating upvotes_count' do
     context 'on an issue' do
       let(:issue) { create(:issue) }
-      let(:upvote) { build(:award_emoji, :upvote, user: build(:user), awardable: issue) }
-      let(:downvote) { build(:award_emoji, :downvote, user: build(:user), awardable: issue) }
+      let(:upvote) { build(:award_emoji, :upvote, user: user, awardable: issue) }
+      let(:downvote) { build(:award_emoji, :downvote, user: user, awardable: issue) }
 
       it 'updates upvotes_count on the issue when saved' do
         expect(issue).to receive(:update_column).with(:upvotes_count, 1).once
@@ -268,7 +269,7 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
 
     context 'on another awardable' do
       let(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request) }
-      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: build(:user), awardable: merge_request) }
+      let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: user, awardable: merge_request) }
 
       it 'does not update upvotes_count on the merge_request when saved' do
         expect(merge_request).not_to receive(:update_column)
@@ -329,7 +330,7 @@ RSpec.describe AwardEmoji do
 
   describe '#to_ability_name' do
     let(:merge_request) { create(:merge_request) }
-    let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: build(:user), awardable: merge_request) }
+    let(:award_emoji) { build(:award_emoji, user: user, awardable: merge_request) }
 
     it 'returns correct ability name' do
       expect(award_emoji.to_ability_name).to be('emoji')
diff --git a/spec/models/bulk_imports/entity_spec.rb b/spec/models/bulk_imports/entity_spec.rb
index da1eb12e9b8..3e98ba0973e 100644
--- a/spec/models/bulk_imports/entity_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/bulk_imports/entity_spec.rb
@@ -438,4 +438,12 @@ RSpec.describe BulkImports::Entity, type: :model, feature_category: :importers d
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#source_version' do
+    subject { build(:bulk_import_entity, :group_entity) }
+
+    it 'pulls the source version from the associated BulkImport' do
+      expect(subject.source_version).to eq(subject.bulk_import.source_version_info)
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/build_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/build_spec.rb
index a556244ae00..2a5d781edc7 100644
--- a/spec/models/ci/build_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ci/build_spec.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_default: :keep do
+  using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
   include Ci::TemplateHelpers
   include AfterNextHelpers
 
@@ -1493,8 +1494,6 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
   end
 
   describe 'state transition metrics' do
-    using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
-
     subject { build.send(event) }
 
     where(:state, :report_count, :trait) do
@@ -2129,8 +2128,6 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
   end
 
   describe '#ref_slug' do
-    using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
-
     where(:ref, :slug) do
       'master'             | 'master'
       '1-foo'              | '1-foo'
@@ -2468,8 +2465,7 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
         context 'when build has environment and user-provided variables' do
           let(:expected_variables) do
             predefined_variables.map { |variable| variable.fetch(:key) } +
-              %w[YAML_VARIABLE CI_ENVIRONMENT_NAME CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG
-                 CI_ENVIRONMENT_ACTION CI_ENVIRONMENT_TIER CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL]
+              %w[YAML_VARIABLE CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL]
           end
 
           before do
@@ -2478,8 +2474,14 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
             build.yaml_variables = [{ key: 'YAML_VARIABLE', value: 'var', public: true }]
             build.environment = 'staging'
 
-            # CI_ENVIRONMENT_NAME is set in predefined_variables when job environment is provided
-            predefined_variables.insert(18, { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_NAME', value: 'staging', public: true, masked: false })
+            insert_expected_predefined_variables(
+              [
+                { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_NAME', value: 'staging', public: true, masked: false },
+                { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_ACTION', value: 'start', public: true, masked: false },
+                { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_TIER', value: 'staging', public: true, masked: false },
+                { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL', value: 'https://gitlab.com', public: true, masked: false }
+              ],
+              after: 'CI_NODE_TOTAL')
           end
 
           it 'matches explicit variables ordering' do
@@ -2550,6 +2552,11 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
           expect(runner_vars).not_to include('CI_JOB_JWT_V2')
         end
       end
+
+      def insert_expected_predefined_variables(variables, after:)
+        index = predefined_variables.index { |h| h[:key] == after }
+        predefined_variables.insert(index + 1, *variables)
+      end
     end
 
     context 'when build has user' do
@@ -2583,34 +2590,28 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
     end
 
     context 'when build has an environment' do
-      let(:environment_variables) do
+      let(:expected_environment_variables) do
         [
           { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_NAME', value: 'production', public: true, masked: false },
-          { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG', value: 'prod-slug',  public: true, masked: false },
-          { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_TIER', value: 'production', public: true, masked: false }
+          { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_ACTION', value: 'start', public: true, masked: false },
+          { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_TIER', value: 'production', public: true, masked: false },
+          { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL', value: 'http://prd.example.com/$CI_JOB_NAME', public: true, masked: false }
         ]
       end
 
-      let!(:environment) do
-        create(
-          :environment,
-          project: build.project,
-          name: 'production',
-          slug: 'prod-slug',
-          tier: 'production',
-          external_url: ''
-        )
-      end
-
-      before do
-        build.update!(environment: 'production')
-      end
+      let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :with_deployment, :deploy_to_production, ref: pipeline.ref, pipeline: pipeline) }
 
       shared_examples 'containing environment variables' do
-        it { is_expected.to include(*environment_variables) }
+        it { is_expected.to include(*expected_environment_variables) }
       end
 
       context 'when no URL was set' do
+        before do
+          build.update!(options: { environment: { url: nil } })
+          build.persisted_environment.update!(external_url: nil)
+          expected_environment_variables.delete_if { |var| var[:key] == 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL' }
+        end
+
         it_behaves_like 'containing environment variables'
 
         it 'does not have CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL' do
@@ -2620,12 +2621,26 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
         end
       end
 
+      context 'when environment is created dynamically' do
+        let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :with_deployment, :start_review_app, ref: pipeline.ref, pipeline: pipeline) }
+
+        let(:expected_environment_variables) do
+          [
+            { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_NAME', value: 'review/master', public: true, masked: false },
+            { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_ACTION', value: 'start', public: true, masked: false },
+            { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_TIER', value: 'development', public: true, masked: false },
+            { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL', value: 'http://staging.example.com/$CI_JOB_NAME', public: true, masked: false }
+          ]
+        end
+
+        it_behaves_like 'containing environment variables'
+      end
+
       context 'when an URL was set' do
         let(:url) { 'http://host/test' }
 
         before do
-          environment_variables <<
-            { key: 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL', value: url, public: true, masked: false }
+          expected_environment_variables.find { |var| var[:key] == 'CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL' }[:value] = url
         end
 
         context 'when the URL was set from the job' do
@@ -2641,14 +2656,15 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
             it_behaves_like 'containing environment variables'
 
             it 'puts $CI_ENVIRONMENT_URL in the last so all other variables are available to be used when runners are trying to expand it' do
-              expect(subject.to_runner_variables.last).to eq(environment_variables.last)
+              expect(subject.to_runner_variables.last).to eq(expected_environment_variables.last)
             end
           end
         end
 
         context 'when the URL was not set from the job, but environment' do
           before do
-            environment.update!(external_url: url)
+            build.update!(options: { environment: { url: nil } })
+            build.persisted_environment.update!(external_url: url)
           end
 
           it_behaves_like 'containing environment variables'
@@ -2682,10 +2698,7 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
         end
 
         context 'when environment scope matches build environment' do
-          before do
-            create(:environment, name: 'staging', project: project)
-            build.update!(environment: 'staging')
-          end
+          let(:build) { create(:ci_build, :with_deployment, :start_staging, ref: pipeline.ref, pipeline: pipeline) }
 
           it { is_expected.to include(environment_specific_variable) }
         end
@@ -4001,73 +4014,61 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
     end
   end
 
-  describe 'pages deployments' do
-    let_it_be(:build, reload: true) { create(:ci_build, pipeline: pipeline, user: user) }
+  describe '#pages_generator?', feature_category: :pages do
+    where(:name, :enabled, :result) do
+      'foo' | false | false
+      'pages' | false | false
+      'pages:preview' | true | false
+      'pages' | true | true
+    end
 
-    context 'when job is "pages"' do
+    with_them do
       before do
-        build.name = 'pages'
+        stub_pages_setting(enabled: enabled)
+        build.update!(name: name)
       end
 
-      context 'when pages are enabled' do
-        before do
-          allow(Gitlab.config.pages).to receive_messages(enabled: true)
-        end
-
-        it 'is marked as pages generator' do
-          expect(build).to be_pages_generator
-        end
-
-        context 'job succeeds' do
-          it "calls pages worker" do
-            expect(PagesWorker).to receive(:perform_async).with(:deploy, build.id)
+      subject { build.pages_generator? }
 
-            build.success!
-          end
-        end
+      it { is_expected.to eq(result) }
+    end
+  end
 
-        context 'job fails' do
-          it "does not call pages worker" do
-            expect(PagesWorker).not_to receive(:perform_async)
+  describe 'pages deployments', feature_category: :pages do
+    let_it_be(:build, reload: true) { create(:ci_build, name: 'pages', pipeline: pipeline, user: user) }
 
-            build.drop!
-          end
-        end
+    context 'when pages are enabled' do
+      before do
+        stub_pages_setting(enabled: true)
       end
 
-      context 'when pages are disabled' do
-        before do
-          allow(Gitlab.config.pages).to receive_messages(enabled: false)
-        end
+      context 'and job succeeds' do
+        it "calls pages worker" do
+          expect(PagesWorker).to receive(:perform_async).with(:deploy, build.id)
 
-        it 'is not marked as pages generator' do
-          expect(build).not_to be_pages_generator
+          build.success!
         end
+      end
 
-        context 'job succeeds' do
-          it "does not call pages worker" do
-            expect(PagesWorker).not_to receive(:perform_async)
+      context 'and job fails' do
+        it "does not call pages worker" do
+          expect(PagesWorker).not_to receive(:perform_async)
 
-            build.success!
-          end
+          build.drop!
         end
       end
     end
 
-    context 'when job is not "pages"' do
+    context 'when pages are disabled' do
       before do
-        build.name = 'other-job'
+        stub_pages_setting(enabled: false)
       end
 
-      it 'is not marked as pages generator' do
-        expect(build).not_to be_pages_generator
-      end
-
-      context 'job succeeds' do
+      context 'and job succeeds' do
         it "does not call pages worker" do
           expect(PagesWorker).not_to receive(:perform_async)
 
-          build.success
+          build.success!
         end
       end
     end
@@ -5604,26 +5605,4 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Build, feature_category: :continuous_integration, factory_def
       end
     end
   end
-
-  describe 'routing table switch' do
-    context 'with ff disabled' do
-      before do
-        stub_feature_flags(ci_partitioning_use_ci_builds_routing_table: false)
-      end
-
-      it 'uses the legacy table' do
-        expect(described_class.table_name).to eq('ci_builds')
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'with ff enabled' do
-      before do
-        stub_feature_flags(ci_partitioning_use_ci_builds_routing_table: true)
-      end
-
-      it 'uses the routing table' do
-        expect(described_class.table_name).to eq('p_ci_builds')
-      end
-    end
-  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/catalog/listing_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/catalog/listing_spec.rb
index 159b70d7f8f..f28a0e82bbd 100644
--- a/spec/models/ci/catalog/listing_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ci/catalog/listing_spec.rb
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Catalog::Listing, feature_category: :pipeline_composition do
       end
 
       context 'when the namespace has catalog resources' do
-        let_it_be(:resource) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_1) }
-        let_it_be(:resource_2) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_2) }
-        let_it_be(:other_namespace_resource) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_3) }
+        let_it_be(:resource) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_1) }
+        let_it_be(:resource_2) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_2) }
+        let_it_be(:other_namespace_resource) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_3) }
 
         it 'contains only catalog resources for projects in that namespace' do
           is_expected.to contain_exactly(resource, resource_2)
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Catalog::Listing, feature_category: :pipeline_composition do
     end
 
     context 'when the user only has access to some projects in the namespace' do
-      let!(:resource_1) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_1) }
-      let!(:resource_2) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_2) }
+      let!(:resource_1) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_1) }
+      let!(:resource_2) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_2) }
 
       before do
         project_1.add_developer(user)
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Catalog::Listing, feature_category: :pipeline_composition do
     end
 
     context 'when the user does not have access to the namespace' do
-      let!(:resource) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_1) }
+      let!(:resource) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_1) }
 
       it { is_expected.to be_empty }
     end
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb
index 4608e611ea1..082283bb7bc 100644
--- a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resource_spec.rb
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Catalog::Resource, feature_category: :pipeline_composition do
   let_it_be(:project) { create(:project, name: 'A') }
   let_it_be(:project_2) { build(:project, name: 'Z') }
   let_it_be(:project_3) { build(:project, name: 'L') }
-  let_it_be(:resource) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project) }
-  let_it_be(:resource_2) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_2) }
-  let_it_be(:resource_3) { create(:catalog_resource, project: project_3) }
+  let_it_be(:resource) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project) }
+  let_it_be(:resource_2) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_2) }
+  let_it_be(:resource_3) { create(:ci_catalog_resource, project: project_3) }
 
   let_it_be(:release1) { create(:release, project: project, released_at: Time.zone.now - 2.days) }
   let_it_be(:release2) { create(:release, project: project, released_at: Time.zone.now - 1.day) }
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb
index caaf76e610d..e8c92ce0788 100644
--- a/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ci/catalog/resources/component_spec.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Ci::Catalog::Resources::Component, type: :model, feature_category: :pipeline_composition do
-  let(:component) { build(:catalog_resource_component) }
+  let(:component) { build(:ci_catalog_resource_component) }
 
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:catalog_resource).class_name('Ci::Catalog::Resource') }
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project) }
diff --git a/spec/models/ci/runner_spec.rb b/spec/models/ci/runner_spec.rb
index 56e69cc2b9c..a8e9d36a3a7 100644
--- a/spec/models/ci/runner_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ci/runner_spec.rb
@@ -1216,13 +1216,12 @@ RSpec.describe Ci::Runner, type: :model, feature_category: :runner do
 
       before do
         runner.tick_runner_queue
-        runner.destroy!
       end
 
       it 'cleans up the queue' do
-        Gitlab::Redis::Cache.with do |redis|
-          expect(redis.get(queue_key)).to be_nil
-        end
+        expect(Gitlab::Workhorse).to receive(:cleanup_key).with(queue_key)
+
+        runner.destroy!
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/models/clusters/agent_token_spec.rb b/spec/models/clusters/agent_token_spec.rb
index 41f8215b713..bc158fc9117 100644
--- a/spec/models/clusters/agent_token_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/clusters/agent_token_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Clusters::AgentToken do
+RSpec.describe Clusters::AgentToken, feature_category: :deployment_management do
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:agent).class_name('Clusters::Agent').required }
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:created_by_user).class_name('User').optional }
   it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:description).is_at_most(1024) }
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@ RSpec.describe Clusters::AgentToken do
   it_behaves_like 'having unique enum values'
 
   describe 'scopes' do
+    let_it_be(:agent) { create(:cluster_agent) }
+
     describe '.order_last_used_at_desc' do
-      let_it_be(:agent) { create(:cluster_agent) }
       let_it_be(:token_1) { create(:cluster_agent_token, agent: agent, last_used_at: 7.days.ago) }
       let_it_be(:token_2) { create(:cluster_agent_token, agent: agent, last_used_at: nil) }
       let_it_be(:token_3) { create(:cluster_agent_token, agent: agent, last_used_at: 2.days.ago) }
@@ -25,8 +26,8 @@ RSpec.describe Clusters::AgentToken do
     end
 
     describe 'status-related scopes' do
-      let!(:active_token) { create(:cluster_agent_token) }
-      let!(:revoked_token) { create(:cluster_agent_token, :revoked) }
+      let!(:active_token) { create(:cluster_agent_token, agent: agent) }
+      let!(:revoked_token) { create(:cluster_agent_token, :revoked, agent: agent) }
 
       describe '.with_status' do
         context 'when filtering by active status' do
@@ -48,6 +49,29 @@ RSpec.describe Clusters::AgentToken do
         it { is_expected.to contain_exactly(active_token) }
       end
     end
+
+    describe '.connected' do
+      let!(:token) { create(:cluster_agent_token, agent: agent, status: status, last_used_at: last_used_at) }
+
+      let(:status) { :active }
+      let(:last_used_at) { 2.minutes.ago }
+
+      subject { described_class.connected }
+
+      it { is_expected.to contain_exactly(token) }
+
+      context 'when the token has not been used recently' do
+        let(:last_used_at) { 2.hours.ago }
+
+        it { is_expected.to be_empty }
+      end
+
+      context 'when the token is not active' do
+        let(:status) { :revoked }
+
+        it { is_expected.to be_empty }
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe '#token' do
@@ -64,6 +88,13 @@ RSpec.describe Clusters::AgentToken do
       agent_token = create(:cluster_agent_token)
       expect(agent_token.token.length).to be >= 50
     end
+
+    it 'has a prefix' do
+      agent_token = build(:cluster_agent_token, token_encrypted: nil)
+      agent_token.save!
+
+      expect(agent_token.token).to start_with described_class::TOKEN_PREFIX
+    end
   end
 
   describe '#to_ability_name' do
diff --git a/spec/models/commit_status_spec.rb b/spec/models/commit_status_spec.rb
index 9ce9f0e13b5..e9257b08bca 100644
--- a/spec/models/commit_status_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/commit_status_spec.rb
@@ -44,6 +44,24 @@ RSpec.describe CommitStatus, feature_category: :continuous_integration do
   it { is_expected.not_to be_retried }
   it { expect(described_class.primary_key).to eq('id') }
 
+  describe '.switch_table_names' do
+    before do
+      stub_env('USE_CI_BUILDS_ROUTING_TABLE', flag_value)
+    end
+
+    context 'with the env flag disabled' do
+      let(:flag_value) { 'false' }
+
+      it { expect(described_class.switch_table_names).to eq(:ci_builds) }
+    end
+
+    context 'with the env flag enabled' do
+      let(:flag_value) { 'true' }
+
+      it { expect(described_class.switch_table_names).to eq(:p_ci_builds) }
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#author' do
     subject { commit_status.author }
 
@@ -1067,26 +1085,4 @@ RSpec.describe CommitStatus, feature_category: :continuous_integration do
 
     it_behaves_like 'having enum with nil value'
   end
-
-  describe 'routing table switch' do
-    context 'with ff disabled' do
-      before do
-        stub_feature_flags(ci_partitioning_use_ci_builds_routing_table: false)
-      end
-
-      it 'uses the legacy table' do
-        expect(described_class.table_name).to eq('ci_builds')
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'with ff enabled' do
-      before do
-        stub_feature_flags(ci_partitioning_use_ci_builds_routing_table: true)
-      end
-
-      it 'uses the routing table' do
-        expect(described_class.table_name).to eq('p_ci_builds')
-      end
-    end
-  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/as_cte_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/as_cte_spec.rb
index 06d9650ec46..c92d46ef25f 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/as_cte_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/as_cte_spec.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ RSpec.describe AsCte do
     it { expect(subject.query).to eq(query) }
     it { expect(subject.table.name).to eq(name.to_s) }
 
-    context 'with materialized parameter', if: Gitlab::Database::AsWithMaterialized.materialized_supported? do
+    context 'with materialized parameter' do
       subject { query.as_cte(name, materialized: materialized).to_arel.to_sql }
 
       context 'as true' do
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/each_batch_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/each_batch_spec.rb
index 75c5cac899b..f274f8c96ff 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/each_batch_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/each_batch_spec.rb
@@ -75,6 +75,26 @@ RSpec.describe EachBatch do
       expect(ids).to eq(ids.sort.reverse)
     end
 
+    shared_examples 'preloaded batch' do |method|
+      it 'respects preloading without N+1 queries' do
+        one, two = User.first(2)
+
+        create(:key, user: one)
+
+        scope = User.send(method, :keys)
+
+        control = ActiveRecord::QueryRecorder.new { scope.each_batch(of: 5) { |batch| batch.each(&:keys) } }
+
+        create(:key, user: one)
+        create(:key, user: two)
+
+        expect { scope.each_batch(of: 5) { |batch| batch.each(&:keys) } }.not_to exceed_query_limit(control)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it_behaves_like 'preloaded batch', :preload
+    it_behaves_like 'preloaded batch', :includes
+
     describe 'current scope' do
       let(:entry) { create(:user, sign_in_count: 1) }
       let(:ids_with_new_relation) { model.where(id: entry.id).pluck(:id) }
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/expirable_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/expirable_spec.rb
index 78fe265a6bb..f7f1ce611b4 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/expirable_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/expirable_spec.rb
@@ -17,8 +17,11 @@ RSpec.describe Expirable do
     it 'scopes the query when multiple models are expirable' do
       expired_access_token = create(:personal_access_token, :expired, user: no_expire.user)
 
-      expect(PersonalAccessToken.expired.joins(user: :members)).to match_array([expired_access_token])
-      expect(PersonalAccessToken.joins(user: :members).merge(ProjectMember.expired)).to eq([])
+      ::Gitlab::Database.allow_cross_joins_across_databases(url:
+        'https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/422405') do
+        expect(PersonalAccessToken.expired.joins(user: :members)).to match_array([expired_access_token])
+        expect(PersonalAccessToken.joins(user: :members).merge(ProjectMember.expired)).to eq([])
+      end
     end
 
     it 'works with a timestamp expired_at field', time_travel_to: '2022-03-14T11:30:00Z' do
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/has_user_type_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/has_user_type_spec.rb
index 49c3d11ed6b..54614ec2b21 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/has_user_type_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/has_user_type_spec.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,13 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :system_access do
+  User::USER_TYPES.keys.each do |type| # rubocop:disable RSpec/UselessDynamicDefinition
+    let_it_be(type) { create(:user, username: type, user_type: type) }
+  end
+  let(:bots) { User::BOT_USER_TYPES.map { |type| public_send(type) } }
+  let(:non_internal) { User::NON_INTERNAL_USER_TYPES.map { |type| public_send(type) } }
+  let(:everyone) { User::USER_TYPES.keys.map { |type| public_send(type) } }
+
   specify 'types consistency checks', :aggregate_failures do
     expect(described_class::USER_TYPES.keys)
       .to match_array(%w[human ghost alert_bot project_bot support_bot service_user security_bot
@@ -20,13 +27,6 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :system_access do
   end
 
   describe 'scopes & predicates' do
-    User::USER_TYPES.keys.each do |type| # rubocop:disable RSpec/UselessDynamicDefinition
-      let_it_be(type) { create(:user, username: type, user_type: type) }
-    end
-    let(:bots) { User::BOT_USER_TYPES.map { |type| public_send(type) } }
-    let(:non_internal) { User::NON_INTERNAL_USER_TYPES.map { |type| public_send(type) } }
-    let(:everyone) { User::USER_TYPES.keys.map { |type| public_send(type) } }
-
     describe '.bots' do
       it 'includes all bots' do
         expect(described_class.bots).to match_array(bots)
@@ -118,5 +118,71 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :system_access do
         end
       end
     end
+
+    describe '#resource_bot_resource' do
+      let_it_be(:group) { create(:group) }
+      let_it_be(:group2) { create(:group) }
+      let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
+      let_it_be(:project2) { create(:project) }
+
+      using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
+
+      where(:bot_user, :member_of, :owning_resource) do
+        ref(:human)       | [ref(:group)]                | nil
+        ref(:project_bot) | []                           | nil # orphaned project bot
+        ref(:project_bot) | [ref(:group)]                | ref(:group)
+        ref(:project_bot) | [ref(:project)]              | ref(:project)
+
+        # Project bot can only be added to one group or project.
+        # That first group or project becomes the owning resource.
+        ref(:project_bot) | [ref(:group), ref(:project)]    | ref(:group)
+        ref(:project_bot) | [ref(:group), ref(:group2)]     | ref(:group)
+        ref(:project_bot) | [ref(:project), ref(:group)]    | ref(:project)
+        ref(:project_bot) | [ref(:project), ref(:project2)] | ref(:project)
+      end
+
+      with_them do
+        before do
+          member_of.each { |resource| resource.add_developer(bot_user) }
+        end
+
+        it 'returns the owning resource' do
+          expect(bot_user.resource_bot_resource).to eq(owning_resource)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe 'resource_bot_owners' do
+      it 'returns nil when user is not a project bot' do
+        expect(human.resource_bot_resource).to be_nil
+      end
+
+      context 'when the user is a project bot' do
+        let(:user1) { create(:user) }
+        let(:user2) { create(:user) }
+
+        subject(:owners) { project_bot.resource_bot_owners }
+
+        it 'returns an empty array when there is no owning resource' do
+          expect(owners).to match_array([])
+        end
+
+        it 'returns group owners when owned by a group' do
+          group = create(:group)
+          group.add_developer(project_bot)
+          group.add_owner(user1)
+
+          expect(owners).to match_array([user1])
+        end
+
+        it 'returns project maintainers when owned by a project' do
+          project = create(:project)
+          project.add_developer(project_bot)
+          project.add_maintainer(user2)
+
+          expect(owners).to match_array([user2])
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/issuable_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/issuable_spec.rb
index e4af778b967..705f8f46a90 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/issuable_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/issuable_spec.rb
@@ -626,6 +626,21 @@ RSpec.describe Issuable, feature_category: :team_planning do
     end
   end
 
+  describe "#importing_or_transitioning?" do
+    let(:merge_request) { build(:merge_request, transitioning: transitioning, importing: importing) }
+
+    where(:transitioning, :importing, :result) do
+      true  | false | true
+      false | true  | true
+      true  | true  | true
+      false | false | false
+    end
+
+    with_them do
+      it { expect(merge_request.importing_or_transitioning?).to eq(result) }
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#labels_array' do
     let(:project) { create(:project) }
     let(:bug) { create(:label, project: project, title: 'bug') }
@@ -1023,6 +1038,22 @@ RSpec.describe Issuable, feature_category: :team_planning do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#supports_lock_on_merge?' do
+    where(:issuable_type, :supports_lock_on_merge) do
+      :issue         | false
+      :merge_request | false
+      :incident      | false
+    end
+
+    with_them do
+      let(:issuable) { build_stubbed(issuable_type) }
+
+      subject { issuable.supports_lock_on_merge? }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(supports_lock_on_merge) }
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#severity' do
     subject { issuable.severity }
 
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/prometheus_adapter_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/prometheus_adapter_spec.rb
index 31ab8c23a84..a3f2e99f3da 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/prometheus_adapter_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/prometheus_adapter_spec.rb
@@ -100,28 +100,6 @@ RSpec.describe PrometheusAdapter, :use_clean_rails_memory_store_caching do
         end
       end
     end
-
-    describe 'additional_metrics' do
-      let(:additional_metrics_environment_query) { Gitlab::Prometheus::Queries::AdditionalMetricsEnvironmentQuery }
-      let(:environment) { build_stubbed(:environment, slug: 'env-slug') }
-      let(:time_window) { [1552642245.067, 1552642095.831] }
-
-      around do |example|
-        freeze_time { example.run }
-      end
-
-      context 'with valid data' do
-        subject { integration.query(:additional_metrics_environment, environment, *time_window) }
-
-        before do
-          stub_reactive_cache(integration, prometheus_data, additional_metrics_environment_query, environment.id, *time_window)
-        end
-
-        it 'returns reactive data' do
-          expect(subject).to eq(prometheus_data)
-        end
-      end
-    end
   end
 
   describe '#calculate_reactive_cache' do
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/require_email_verification_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/require_email_verification_spec.rb
index 1fb54e4276f..63312d4e1f1 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/require_email_verification_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/require_email_verification_spec.rb
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ RSpec.describe RequireEmailVerification, feature_category: :insider_threat do
 
       context 'when failed_attempts is LT overridden amount' do
         before do
-          instance.failed_attempts = 5
+          instance.failed_attempts = 2
         end
 
         it { is_expected.to eq(false) }
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/resolvable_discussion_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/resolvable_discussion_spec.rb
index 1423b56fa5d..e83a3d3417e 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/resolvable_discussion_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/resolvable_discussion_spec.rb
@@ -446,8 +446,8 @@ RSpec.describe Discussion, ResolvableDiscussion, feature_category: :code_review_
           expect(subject.resolved?).to be true
         end
 
-        it "expires the etag cache of the noteable" do
-          expect(subject.noteable).to receive(:expire_note_etag_cache)
+        it "broadcasts note change of the noteable" do
+          expect(subject.noteable).to receive(:broadcast_notes_changed)
 
           subject.resolve!(current_user)
         end
@@ -532,8 +532,8 @@ RSpec.describe Discussion, ResolvableDiscussion, feature_category: :code_review_
           expect(subject.resolved?).to be false
         end
 
-        it "expires the etag cache of the noteable" do
-          expect(subject.noteable).to receive(:expire_note_etag_cache)
+        it "broadcasts note change of the noteable" do
+          expect(subject.noteable).to receive(:broadcast_notes_changed)
 
           subject.unresolve!
         end
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/routable_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/routable_spec.rb
index 0bbe3dea812..2b6f8535743 100644
--- a/spec/models/concerns/routable_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/routable_spec.rb
@@ -3,24 +3,20 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.shared_examples 'routable resource' do
-  describe '.find_by_full_path', :aggregate_failures do
+  shared_examples_for '.find_by_full_path' do
     it 'finds records by their full path' do
       expect(described_class.find_by_full_path(record.full_path)).to eq(record)
       expect(described_class.find_by_full_path(record.full_path.upcase)).to eq(record)
     end
 
-    it 'returns nil for unknown paths' do
-      expect(described_class.find_by_full_path('unknown')).to be_nil
-    end
+    it 'checks if `optimize_routable` is enabled only once' do
+      expect(Routable).to receive(:optimize_routable_enabled?).once
 
-    it 'includes route information when loading a record' do
-      control_count = ActiveRecord::QueryRecorder.new do
-        described_class.find_by_full_path(record.full_path)
-      end.count
+      described_class.find_by_full_path(record.full_path)
+    end
 
-      expect do
-        described_class.find_by_full_path(record.full_path).route
-      end.not_to exceed_all_query_limit(control_count)
+    it 'returns nil for unknown paths' do
+      expect(described_class.find_by_full_path('unknown')).to be_nil
     end
 
     context 'when path is a negative number' do
@@ -56,6 +52,26 @@ RSpec.shared_examples 'routable resource' do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  it_behaves_like '.find_by_full_path', :aggregate_failures
+
+  context 'when the `optimize_routable` feature flag is turned OFF' do
+    before do
+      stub_feature_flags(optimize_routable: false)
+    end
+
+    it_behaves_like '.find_by_full_path', :aggregate_failures
+
+    it 'includes route information when loading a record' do
+      control_count = ActiveRecord::QueryRecorder.new do
+        described_class.find_by_full_path(record.full_path)
+      end.count
+
+      expect do
+        described_class.find_by_full_path(record.full_path).route
+      end.not_to exceed_all_query_limit(control_count)
+    end
+  end
 end
 
 RSpec.shared_examples 'routable resource with parent' do
@@ -93,7 +109,7 @@ RSpec.shared_examples 'routable resource with parent' do
   end
 end
 
-RSpec.describe Group, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache do
+RSpec.describe Group, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
   let_it_be_with_reload(:group) { create(:group, name: 'foo') }
   let_it_be(:nested_group) { create(:group, parent: group) }
 
@@ -223,7 +239,7 @@ RSpec.describe Group, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache do
   end
 end
 
-RSpec.describe Project, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache do
+RSpec.describe Project, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
   let_it_be(:namespace) { create(:namespace) }
   let_it_be(:project) { create(:project, namespace: namespace) }
 
@@ -235,9 +251,20 @@ RSpec.describe Project, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache do
     expect(project.route).not_to be_nil
     expect(project.route.namespace).to eq(project.project_namespace)
   end
+
+  describe '.find_by_full_path' do
+    it 'does not return a record if the sources are different, but the IDs match' do
+      group = create(:group, id: 1992)
+      project = create(:project, id: 1992)
+
+      record = described_class.where(id: project.id).find_by_full_path(group.full_path)
+
+      expect(record).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
 end
 
-RSpec.describe Namespaces::ProjectNamespace, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache do
+RSpec.describe Namespaces::ProjectNamespace, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
   let_it_be(:group) { create(:group) }
 
   it 'skips route creation for the resource' do
@@ -247,6 +274,22 @@ RSpec.describe Namespaces::ProjectNamespace, 'Routable', :with_clean_rails_cache
   end
 end
 
+RSpec.describe Routable, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
+  describe '.optimize_routable_enabled?' do
+    subject { described_class.optimize_routable_enabled? }
+
+    it { is_expected.to eq(true) }
+
+    context 'when the `optimize_routable` feature flag is turned OFF' do
+      before do
+        stub_feature_flags(optimize_routable: false)
+      end
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(false) }
+    end
+  end
+end
+
 def forcibly_hit_cached_lookup(record, method)
   stub_feature_flags(cached_route_lookups: true)
   expect(record).to receive(:persisted?).and_return(true)
diff --git a/spec/models/concerns/transitionable_spec.rb b/spec/models/concerns/transitionable_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b80d363ef78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/concerns/transitionable_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Transitionable, feature_category: :code_review_workflow do
+  using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
+
+  let(:klass) do
+    Class.new do
+      include Transitionable
+
+      def initialize(transitioning)
+        @transitioning = transitioning
+      end
+
+      def project
+        Project.new
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  let(:object) { klass.new(transitioning) }
+
+  describe '#transitioning?' do
+    where(:transitioning, :feature_flag, :result) do
+      true  | true  | true
+      false | false | false
+      true  | false | false
+      false | true  | false
+    end
+
+    with_them do
+      before do
+        stub_feature_flags(skip_validations_during_transitions: feature_flag)
+      end
+
+      it { expect(object.transitioning?).to eq(result) }
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/deploy_key_spec.rb b/spec/models/deploy_key_spec.rb
index 528b36babc6..2959556f5ae 100644
--- a/spec/models/deploy_key_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/deploy_key_spec.rb
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ RSpec.describe DeployKey, :mailer do
 
     context 'when user is not set' do
       it 'returns the ghost user' do
-        expect(deploy_key.user).to eq(User.ghost)
+        expect(deploy_key.user).to eq(Users::Internal.ghost)
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/models/design_management/design_spec.rb b/spec/models/design_management/design_spec.rb
index 72c0d1d1a64..98e5399f737 100644
--- a/spec/models/design_management/design_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/design_management/design_spec.rb
@@ -467,16 +467,6 @@ RSpec.describe DesignManagement::Design, feature_category: :design_management do
     end
   end
 
-  describe '#note_etag_key' do
-    it 'returns a correct etag key' do
-      design = design1
-
-      expect(design.note_etag_key).to eq(
-        ::Gitlab::Routing.url_helpers.designs_project_issue_path(design.project, design.issue, { vueroute: design.filename })
-      )
-    end
-  end
-
   describe '#user_notes_count', :use_clean_rails_memory_store_caching do
     # Note: Cache invalidation tests are in `design_user_notes_count_service_spec.rb`
     it 'returns a count of user-generated notes' do
diff --git a/spec/models/doorkeeper/application_spec.rb b/spec/models/doorkeeper/application_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..85b28346dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/doorkeeper/application_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Doorkeeper::Application, type: :model, feature_category: :system_access do
+  let(:application) { create(:oauth_application) }
+
+  it 'uses a prefixed secret' do
+    expect(application.plaintext_secret).to match(/gloas-\h{64}/)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/environment_status_spec.rb b/spec/models/environment_status_spec.rb
index 9814eed8b45..eeb8583251d 100644
--- a/spec/models/environment_status_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/environment_status_spec.rb
@@ -270,18 +270,6 @@ RSpec.describe EnvironmentStatus do
 
       context 'when environment is stopped' do
         before do
-          stub_feature_flags(review_apps_redeploy_mr_widget: false)
-          environment.stop!
-        end
-
-        it 'does not return environment status' do
-          expect(subject.count).to eq(0)
-        end
-      end
-
-      context 'when environment is stopped and review_apps_redeploy_mr_widget is turned on' do
-        before do
-          stub_feature_flags(review_apps_redeploy_mr_widget: true)
           environment.stop!
         end
 
diff --git a/spec/models/group_spec.rb b/spec/models/group_spec.rb
index 23e72f6663a..3f671fc3f70 100644
--- a/spec/models/group_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/group_spec.rb
@@ -2666,14 +2666,16 @@ RSpec.describe Group, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
     let(:group) { build(:group) }
 
     context 'the group has owners' do
-      before do
-        group.add_owner(create(:user))
-        group.add_owner(create(:user))
-      end
-
       it 'is the first owner' do
+        user_1 = create(:user)
+        user_2 = create(:user)
+        group.add_owner(user_2)
+        group.add_owner(user_1)
+
+        # The senior-most user (not member) who is an OWNER in the group
+        # is always treated as the first owner
         expect(group.first_owner)
-          .to eq(group.owners.first)
+          .to eq(user_1)
           .and be_a(User)
       end
     end
@@ -3307,6 +3309,13 @@ RSpec.describe Group, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#supports_lock_on_merge?' do
+    it_behaves_like 'checks self and root ancestor feature flag' do
+      let(:feature_flag) { :enforce_locked_labels_on_merge }
+      let(:feature_flag_method) { :supports_lock_on_merge? }
+    end
+  end
+
   describe 'group shares' do
     let!(:sub_group) { create(:group, parent: group) }
     let!(:sub_sub_group) { create(:group, parent: sub_group) }
diff --git a/spec/models/hooks/web_hook_log_spec.rb b/spec/models/hooks/web_hook_log_spec.rb
index 4b88b3b3e65..e9a2635bf28 100644
--- a/spec/models/hooks/web_hook_log_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/hooks/web_hook_log_spec.rb
@@ -46,6 +46,20 @@ RSpec.describe WebHookLog, feature_category: :webhooks do
       end
     end
 
+    context 'with basic auth credentials and masked components' do
+      let(:web_hook_log) { build(:web_hook_log, web_hook: hook, url: 'http://test:123@{domain}.com:{port}') }
+
+      subject { web_hook_log.save! }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(true) }
+
+      it 'obfuscates the basic auth credentials' do
+        subject
+
+        expect(web_hook_log.url).to eq('http://*****:*****@{domain}.com:{port}')
+      end
+    end
+
     context "with users' emails" do
       let(:author) { build(:user) }
       let(:user) { build(:user) }
@@ -235,4 +249,28 @@ RSpec.describe WebHookLog, feature_category: :webhooks do
       it { expect(web_hook_log.request_headers).to eq(expected_headers) }
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#url_current?' do
+    let(:url) { 'example@gitlab.com' }
+
+    let(:hook) { build(:project_hook, url: url) }
+    let(:web_hook_log) do
+      build(
+        :web_hook_log,
+        web_hook: hook,
+        interpolated_url: hook.url,
+        url_hash: Gitlab::CryptoHelper.sha256('example@gitlab.com')
+      )
+    end
+
+    context 'with matching url' do
+      it { expect(web_hook_log.url_current?).to be_truthy }
+    end
+
+    context 'with different url' do
+      let(:url) { 'example@gitlab2.com' }
+
+      it { expect(web_hook_log.url_current?).to be_falsey }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/integration_spec.rb b/spec/models/integration_spec.rb
index 0b41b46ae3d..67e12092e1a 100644
--- a/spec/models/integration_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integration_spec.rb
@@ -1041,9 +1041,9 @@ RSpec.describe Integration, feature_category: :integrations do
     it 'returns all fields with type `password`' do
       allow(subject).to receive(:fields).and_return(
         [
-          { name: 'password', type: :password },
-          { name: 'secret', type: :password },
-          { name: 'public', type: :text }
+          Integrations::Field.new(name: 'password', integration_class: subject.class, type: :password),
+          Integrations::Field.new(name: 'secret', integration_class: subject.class, type: :password),
+          Integrations::Field.new(name: 'public', integration_class: subject.class, type: :text)
         ])
 
       expect(subject.secret_fields).to match_array(%w[password secret])
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/base_chat_notification_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/base_chat_notification_spec.rb
index 675035095c5..497f2f1e7c9 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/base_chat_notification_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/base_chat_notification_spec.rb
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ RSpec.describe Integrations::BaseChatNotification, feature_category: :integratio
 
       context 'when webhook is not required' do
         it 'returns true' do
-          allow(chat_integration).to receive(:requires_webhook?).and_return(false)
+          allow(chat_integration.class).to receive(:requires_webhook?).and_return(false)
 
           expect(chat_integration).to receive(:notify).and_return(true)
           expect(chat_integration.execute(data)).to be true
@@ -347,6 +347,12 @@ RSpec.describe Integrations::BaseChatNotification, feature_category: :integratio
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#help' do
+    it 'raises an error' do
+      expect { subject.help }.to raise_error(NotImplementedError)
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#event_channel_name' do
     it 'returns the channel field name for the given event' do
       expect(subject.event_channel_name(:event)).to eq('event_channel')
@@ -364,4 +370,17 @@ RSpec.describe Integrations::BaseChatNotification, feature_category: :integratio
       expect { subject.event_channel_value(:foo) }.to raise_error(NoMethodError)
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#api_field_names' do
+    context 'when channels are masked' do
+      let(:project) { build(:project) }
+      let(:integration) { build(:discord_integration, project: project, webhook: 'https://discord.com/api/') }
+
+      it 'does not include channel properties', :aggregate_failures do
+        integration.event_channel_names.each do |field|
+          expect(integration.api_field_names).not_to include(field)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/chat_message/deployment_message_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/chat_message/deployment_message_spec.rb
index d16c191bd08..630ae902331 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/chat_message/deployment_message_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/chat_message/deployment_message_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Integrations::ChatMessage::DeploymentMessage do
+RSpec.describe Integrations::ChatMessage::DeploymentMessage, feature_category: :integrations do
   subject { described_class.new(args) }
 
   let_it_be(:user) { create(:user, name: 'John Smith', username: 'smith') }
@@ -103,15 +103,33 @@ RSpec.describe Integrations::ChatMessage::DeploymentMessage do
       }.merge(params)
     end
 
-    it 'returns attachments with the data returned by the deployment data builder' do
-      job_url = Gitlab::Routing.url_helpers.project_job_url(project, ci_build)
-      commit_url = Gitlab::UrlBuilder.build(deployment.commit)
-      user_url = Gitlab::Routing.url_helpers.user_url(user)
+    context 'without markdown' do
+      it 'returns attachments with the data returned by the deployment data builder' do
+        job_url = Gitlab::Routing.url_helpers.project_job_url(project, ci_build)
+        commit_url = Gitlab::UrlBuilder.build(deployment.commit)
+        user_url = Gitlab::Routing.url_helpers.user_url(user)
+
+        expect(subject.attachments).to eq([{
+          text: "<#{project.web_url}|myspace/myproject> with job <#{job_url}|##{ci_build.id}> by <#{user_url}|John Smith (smith)>\n<#{commit_url}|#{deployment.short_sha}>: #{commit.title}",
+          color: "good"
+        }])
+      end
+    end
 
-      expect(subject.attachments).to eq([{
-        text: "[myspace/myproject](#{project.web_url}) with job [##{ci_build.id}](#{job_url}) by [John Smith (smith)](#{user_url})\n[#{deployment.short_sha}](#{commit_url}): #{commit.title}",
-        color: "good"
-      }])
+    context 'with markdown' do
+      before do
+        args.merge!(markdown: true)
+      end
+
+      it 'returns attachments with the data returned by the deployment data builder' do
+        job_url = Gitlab::Routing.url_helpers.project_job_url(project, ci_build)
+        commit_url = Gitlab::UrlBuilder.build(deployment.commit)
+        user_url = Gitlab::Routing.url_helpers.user_url(user)
+
+        expect(subject.attachments).to eq(
+          "[myspace/myproject](#{project.web_url}) with job [##{ci_build.id}](#{job_url}) by [John Smith (smith)](#{user_url})\n[#{deployment.short_sha}](#{commit_url}): #{commit.title}"
+        )
+      end
     end
 
     it 'returns attachments for a failed deployment' do
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/confluence_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/confluence_spec.rb
index d267e4a71c2..a34b55c3c6b 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/confluence_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/confluence_spec.rb
@@ -63,6 +63,12 @@ RSpec.describe Integrations::Confluence, feature_category: :integrations do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#avatar_url' do
+    it 'returns the avatar image path' do
+      expect(subject.avatar_url).to eq(ActionController::Base.helpers.image_path('confluence.svg'))
+    end
+  end
+
   describe 'Caching has_confluence on project_settings' do
     subject { project.project_setting.has_confluence? }
 
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/mattermost_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/mattermost_spec.rb
index f7702846b6c..224bc4acdda 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/mattermost_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/mattermost_spec.rb
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Integrations::Mattermost do
+RSpec.describe Integrations::Mattermost, feature_category: :integrations do
   it_behaves_like Integrations::SlackMattermostNotifier, "Mattermost"
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/prometheus_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/prometheus_spec.rb
index da43d851b31..4a998efe665 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/prometheus_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/prometheus_spec.rb
@@ -422,6 +422,34 @@ RSpec.describe Integrations::Prometheus, :use_clean_rails_memory_store_caching,
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#sync_http_integration after_save callback' do
+    context 'with corresponding HTTP integration' do
+      let_it_be_with_reload(:http_integration) { create(:alert_management_prometheus_integration, :legacy, project: project) }
+
+      it 'syncs the attribute' do
+        expect { integration.update!(manual_configuration: false) }
+          .to change { http_integration.reload.active }
+          .from(true).to(false)
+      end
+
+      context 'when changing a different attribute' do
+        it 'does not sync the attribute or execute extra queries' do
+          expect { integration.update!(api_url: 'https://any.url') }
+            .to issue_fewer_queries_than { integration.update!(manual_configuration: false) }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'without corresponding HTTP integration' do
+      let_it_be(:other_http_integration) { create(:alert_management_prometheus_integration, project: project) }
+
+      it 'does not sync the attribute or execute extra queries' do
+        expect { integration.update!(manual_configuration: false) }
+          .not_to change { other_http_integration.reload.active }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#editable?' do
     it 'is editable' do
       expect(integration.editable?).to be(true)
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/shimo_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/shimo_spec.rb
index be626012ab2..95289343d0d 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/shimo_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/shimo_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe ::Integrations::Shimo do
+RSpec.describe ::Integrations::Shimo, feature_category: :integrations do
   describe '#fields' do
     let(:shimo_integration) { build(:shimo_integration) }
 
@@ -60,4 +60,10 @@ RSpec.describe ::Integrations::Shimo do
       expect { create(:shimo_integration) }.to change(ProjectSetting, :count).by(1)
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#avatar_url' do
+    it 'returns the avatar image path' do
+      expect(subject.avatar_url).to eq(ActionController::Base.helpers.image_path('logos/shimo.svg'))
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/slack_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/slack_spec.rb
index 218d92ffe05..59ee3746d8f 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/slack_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/slack_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Integrations::Slack do
+RSpec.describe Integrations::Slack, feature_category: :integrations do
   it_behaves_like Integrations::SlackMattermostNotifier, 'Slack'
   it_behaves_like Integrations::BaseSlackNotification, factory: :integrations_slack do
     before do
diff --git a/spec/models/integrations/zentao_spec.rb b/spec/models/integrations/zentao_spec.rb
index 2fa4df0e900..460ce7629cc 100644
--- a/spec/models/integrations/zentao_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/integrations/zentao_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Integrations::Zentao do
+RSpec.describe Integrations::Zentao, feature_category: :integrations do
   let(:url) { 'https://jihudemo.zentao.net' }
   let(:api_url) { 'https://jihudemo.zentao.net' }
   let(:api_token) { 'ZENTAO_TOKEN' }
@@ -80,6 +80,12 @@ RSpec.describe Integrations::Zentao do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#avatar_url' do
+    it 'returns the avatar image path' do
+      expect(subject.avatar_url).to eq(ActionController::Base.helpers.image_path('logos/zentao.svg'))
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#client_url' do
     subject(:integration) { build(:zentao_integration, api_url: api_url, url: 'url').client_url }
 
diff --git a/spec/models/issue_spec.rb b/spec/models/issue_spec.rb
index 9db710cb3cc..4e217e3a9f7 100644
--- a/spec/models/issue_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/issue_spec.rb
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ RSpec.describe Issue, feature_category: :team_planning do
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:resource_milestone_events) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:resource_state_events) }
     it { is_expected.to have_and_belong_to_many(:prometheus_alert_events) }
-    it { is_expected.to have_and_belong_to_many(:self_managed_prometheus_alert_events) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:prometheus_alerts) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:issue_email_participants) }
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:email) }
@@ -953,7 +952,7 @@ RSpec.describe Issue, feature_category: :team_planning do
     subject { issue.from_service_desk? }
 
     context 'when issue author is support bot' do
-      let(:issue) { create(:issue, project: reusable_project, author: ::User.support_bot) }
+      let(:issue) { create(:issue, project: reusable_project, author: ::Users::Internal.support_bot) }
 
       it { is_expected.to be_truthy }
     end
@@ -1527,7 +1526,7 @@ RSpec.describe Issue, feature_category: :team_planning do
   end
 
   describe '#check_for_spam?' do
-    let_it_be(:support_bot) { ::User.support_bot }
+    let_it_be(:support_bot) { ::Users::Internal.support_bot }
 
     where(:support_bot?, :visibility_level, :confidential, :new_attributes, :check_for_spam?) do
       ### non-support-bot cases
@@ -1640,7 +1639,7 @@ RSpec.describe Issue, feature_category: :team_planning do
 
   describe '.service_desk' do
     it 'returns the service desk issue' do
-      service_desk_issue = create(:issue, project: reusable_project, author: ::User.support_bot)
+      service_desk_issue = create(:issue, project: reusable_project, author: ::Users::Internal.support_bot)
       regular_issue = create(:issue, project: reusable_project)
 
       expect(described_class.service_desk).to include(service_desk_issue)
diff --git a/spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/modification_tracker_spec.rb b/spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/modification_tracker_spec.rb
index 069ccf85141..afc62f28f92 100644
--- a/spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/modification_tracker_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/modification_tracker_spec.rb
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker do
+RSpec.describe LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker, feature_category: :database do
   subject(:tracker) { described_class.new }
 
   describe '#over_limit?' do
-    it 'is true when deletion MAX_DELETES is exceeded' do
-      stub_const('LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker::MAX_DELETES', 5)
+    it 'is true when deletion max_deletes is exceeded' do
+      expect(tracker).to receive(:max_deletes).and_return(5)
 
       tracker.add_deletions('issues', 10)
       expect(tracker).to be_over_limit
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ RSpec.describe LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker do
     end
 
     it 'is true when deletion MAX_UPDATES is exceeded' do
-      stub_const('LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker::MAX_UPDATES', 5)
+      expect(tracker).to receive(:max_updates).and_return(5)
 
       tracker.add_updates('issues', 3)
       tracker.add_updates('issues', 4)
@@ -36,9 +36,11 @@ RSpec.describe LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker do
 
     it 'is true when max runtime is exceeded' do
       monotonic_time_before = 1 # this will be the start time
-      monotonic_time_after = described_class::MAX_RUNTIME.to_i + 1 # this will be returned when over_limit? is called
+      monotonic_time_after = 31 # this will be returned when over_limit? is called
 
-      allow(Gitlab::Metrics::System).to receive(:monotonic_time).and_return(monotonic_time_before, monotonic_time_after)
+      expect(Gitlab::Metrics::System).to receive(:monotonic_time).and_return(
+        monotonic_time_before, monotonic_time_after
+      )
 
       tracker
 
diff --git a/spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/turbo_modification_tracker_spec.rb b/spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/turbo_modification_tracker_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0916a0845f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/loose_foreign_keys/turbo_modification_tracker_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe LooseForeignKeys::TurboModificationTracker, feature_category: :database do
+  subject(:tracker) { described_class.new }
+
+  let(:normal_tracker) { LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker.new }
+
+  context 'with limits should be higher than LooseForeignKeys::ModificationTracker' do
+    it 'expect max_deletes to be equal or higher' do
+      expect(tracker.max_deletes).to be >= normal_tracker.max_deletes
+    end
+
+    it 'expect max_updates to be equal or higher' do
+      expect(tracker.max_updates).to be >= normal_tracker.max_updates
+    end
+
+    it 'expect max_runtime to be equal or higher' do
+      expect(tracker.max_runtime).to be >= normal_tracker.max_runtime
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/member_spec.rb b/spec/models/member_spec.rb
index f8aaae3edad..6dd5f9dec8c 100644
--- a/spec/models/member_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/member_spec.rb
@@ -1177,4 +1177,11 @@ RSpec.describe Member, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
       expect(described_class.sort_by_attribute('oldest_last_activity')).to eq([member3, member2, member1])
     end
   end
+
+  context 'with loose foreign key on members.user_id' do
+    it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+      let!(:parent) { create(:user) }
+      let!(:model) { create(:group_member, user: parent) }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/members/group_member_spec.rb b/spec/models/members/group_member_spec.rb
index a07829abece..7307e76272d 100644
--- a/spec/models/members/group_member_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/members/group_member_spec.rb
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ RSpec.describe GroupMember, feature_category: :cell do
 
   describe '#update_two_factor_requirement' do
     it 'is called after creation and deletion' do
-      user = build :user
+      user = create :user
       group = create :group
       group_member = build :group_member, user: user, group: group
 
@@ -288,4 +288,18 @@ RSpec.describe GroupMember, feature_category: :cell do
       it_behaves_like 'calls AuthorizedProjectsWorker inline to recalculate authorizations'
     end
   end
+
+  context 'group member welcome email', :sidekiq_inline, :saas do
+    let_it_be(:group) { create(:group) }
+
+    let(:user) { create(:user) }
+
+    it 'schedules plain welcome to the group email' do
+      expect_next_instance_of(NotificationService) do |notification|
+        expect(notification).to receive(:new_group_member)
+      end
+
+      group.add_developer(user)
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/merge_request_spec.rb b/spec/models/merge_request_spec.rb
index da3f691b63a..b36737fc19d 100644
--- a/spec/models/merge_request_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/merge_request_spec.rb
@@ -135,10 +135,22 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
     let_it_be(:user1) { create(:user) }
     let_it_be(:user2) { create(:user) }
 
-    let_it_be(:merge_request1) { create(:merge_request, :unique_branches, reviewers: [user1]) }
-    let_it_be(:merge_request2) { create(:merge_request, :unique_branches, reviewers: [user2]) }
-    let_it_be(:merge_request3) { create(:merge_request, :unique_branches, reviewers: []) }
-    let_it_be(:merge_request4) { create(:merge_request, :draft_merge_request) }
+    let_it_be(:merge_request1) do
+      create(:merge_request, :prepared, :unique_branches, reviewers: [user1], created_at:
+             2.days.ago)
+    end
+
+    let_it_be(:merge_request2) do
+      create(:merge_request, :unprepared, :unique_branches, reviewers: [user2], created_at:
+             3.hours.ago)
+    end
+
+    let_it_be(:merge_request3) do
+      create(:merge_request, :unprepared, :unique_branches, reviewers: [], created_at:
+                                        Time.current)
+    end
+
+    let_it_be(:merge_request4) { create(:merge_request, :prepared, :draft_merge_request) }
 
     describe '.preload_target_project_with_namespace' do
       subject(:mr) { described_class.preload_target_project_with_namespace.first }
@@ -180,6 +192,14 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
       end
     end
 
+    describe '.recently_unprepared' do
+      it 'only returns the recently unprepared mrs' do
+        merge_request5 = create(:merge_request, :unprepared, :unique_branches, created_at: merge_request3.created_at)
+
+        expect(described_class.recently_unprepared).to eq([merge_request3, merge_request5])
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '.by_sorted_source_branches' do
       let(:fork_for_project) { fork_project(project) }
 
@@ -340,6 +360,23 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
       end
     end
 
+    describe "#validate_reviewer_size_length" do
+      let(:merge_request) { build(:merge_request, transitioning: transitioning) }
+
+      where(:transitioning, :to_or_not_to) do
+        false  | :to
+        true   | :not_to
+      end
+
+      with_them do
+        it do
+          expect(merge_request).send(to_or_not_to, receive(:validate_reviewer_size_length))
+
+          merge_request.valid?
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '#validate_target_project' do
       let(:merge_request) do
         build(:merge_request, source_project: project, target_project: project, importing: importing)
@@ -366,6 +403,23 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
           it { expect(merge_request.valid?(false)).to eq true }
         end
       end
+
+      context "with the skip_validations_during_transition_feature_flag" do
+        let(:merge_request) { build(:merge_request, transitioning: transitioning) }
+
+        where(:transitioning, :to_or_not_to) do
+          false | :to
+          true  | :not_to
+        end
+
+        with_them do
+          it do
+            expect(merge_request).send(to_or_not_to, receive(:validate_target_project))
+
+            merge_request.valid?
+          end
+        end
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -2099,6 +2153,16 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
         subject.mark_as_merged!
       end
 
+      context 'and merged_commit_sha is present' do
+        before do
+          subject.update_attribute(:merged_commit_sha, pipeline.sha)
+        end
+
+        it 'returns the pipeline associated with that merge request' do
+          expect(subject.merge_pipeline).to eq(pipeline)
+        end
+      end
+
       context 'and there is a merge commit' do
         before do
           subject.update_attribute(:merge_commit_sha, pipeline.sha)
@@ -2850,6 +2914,12 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
         subject.mark_as_merged!
       end
 
+      it 'returns merged_commit_sha when there is a merged_commit_sha' do
+        subject.update_attribute(:merged_commit_sha, sha)
+
+        expect(subject.merged_commit_sha).to eq(sha)
+      end
+
       it 'returns merge_commit_sha when there is a merge_commit_sha' do
         subject.update_attribute(:merge_commit_sha, sha)
 
@@ -3275,6 +3345,31 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
         subject.mergeable?(check_mergeability_retry_lease: true)
       end
     end
+
+    context 'with skip_rebase_check option' do
+      before do
+        allow(subject).to receive_messages(
+          mergeable_state?: true,
+          check_mergeability: nil,
+          can_be_merged?: true
+        )
+      end
+
+      where(:should_be_rebased, :skip_rebase_check, :expected_mergeable) do
+        false | false | true
+        false | true  | true
+        true  | false | false
+        true  | true  | true
+      end
+
+      with_them do
+        it 'overrides should_be_rebased?' do
+          allow(subject).to receive(:should_be_rebased?) { should_be_rebased }
+
+          expect(subject.mergeable?(skip_rebase_check: skip_rebase_check)).to eq(expected_mergeable)
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe '#skipped_mergeable_checks' do
@@ -4442,6 +4537,7 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
     shared_examples 'for an invalid state transition' do
       specify 'is not a valid state transition' do
         expect { transition! }.to raise_error(StateMachines::InvalidTransition)
+        expect(subject.transitioning?).to be_falsey
       end
     end
 
@@ -4451,6 +4547,7 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
           .to change { subject.merge_status }
           .from(merge_status.to_s)
           .to(expected_merge_status)
+        expect(subject.transitioning?).to be_falsey
       end
     end
 
@@ -5493,7 +5590,8 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
     let(:ref) { subject.target_project.repository.commit.id }
 
     before do
-      expect(subject.target_project).to receive(:mark_primary_write_location)
+      expect(subject.target_project.sticking).to receive(:stick)
+        .with(:project, subject.target_project.id)
     end
 
     it 'updates commit ID' do
@@ -5806,4 +5904,56 @@ RSpec.describe MergeRequest, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :code_rev
       it { is_expected.to eq(false) }
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#supports_lock_on_merge?' do
+    let(:merge_request) { build_stubbed(:merge_request) }
+
+    subject { merge_request.supports_lock_on_merge? }
+
+    context 'when MR is open' do
+      it { is_expected.to eq(false) }
+    end
+
+    context 'when MR is merged' do
+      before do
+        merge_request.state = :merged
+      end
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(true) }
+
+      context 'when feature flag is disabled' do
+        before do
+          stub_feature_flags(enforce_locked_labels_on_merge: false)
+        end
+
+        it { is_expected.to eq(false) }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#missing_required_squash?' do
+    using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
+
+    where(:squash, :project_requires_squash, :expected) do
+      false | true  | true
+      false | false | false
+      true  | true  | false
+      true  | false | false
+    end
+
+    with_them do
+      let(:merge_request) { build_stubbed(:merge_request, squash: squash) }
+
+      subject { merge_request.missing_required_squash? }
+
+      before do
+        allow(merge_request.target_project).to(
+          receive(:squash_always?)
+            .and_return(project_requires_squash)
+        )
+      end
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(expected) }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/metrics/dashboard/annotation_spec.rb b/spec/models/metrics/dashboard/annotation_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 7c4f392fcdc..00000000000
--- a/spec/models/metrics/dashboard/annotation_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'spec_helper'
-
-RSpec.describe Metrics::Dashboard::Annotation do
-  using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
-
-  describe 'validation' do
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:description) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:dashboard_path) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:starting_at) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:dashboard_path).is_at_most(255) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:panel_xid).is_at_most(255) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:description).is_at_most(255) }
-
-    context 'ending_at_after_starting_at' do
-      where(:starting_at, :ending_at, :valid?, :message) do
-        2.days.ago.beginning_of_day | 1.day.ago.beginning_of_day  | true  | nil
-        1.day.ago.beginning_of_day  | nil                         | true  | nil
-        1.day.ago.beginning_of_day  | 1.day.ago.beginning_of_day  | true  | nil
-        1.day.ago.beginning_of_day  | 2.days.ago.beginning_of_day | false | /Ending at can't be before starting_at time/
-        nil                         | 2.days.ago.beginning_of_day | false | /Starting at can't be blank/ # validation is covered by other method, be we need to assure, that ending_at_after_starting_at will not break with nil as starting_at
-        nil                         | nil                         | false | /Starting at can't be blank/ # validation is covered by other method, be we need to assure, that ending_at_after_starting_at will not break with nil as starting_at
-      end
-
-      with_them do
-        subject(:annotation) { build(:metrics_dashboard_annotation, starting_at: starting_at, ending_at: ending_at) }
-
-        it do
-          expect(annotation.valid?).to be(valid?)
-          expect(annotation.errors.full_messages).to include(message) if message
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe 'scopes' do
-    let_it_be(:nine_minutes_old_annotation) { create(:metrics_dashboard_annotation, starting_at: 9.minutes.ago) }
-    let_it_be(:fifteen_minutes_old_annotation) { create(:metrics_dashboard_annotation, starting_at: 15.minutes.ago) }
-    let_it_be(:just_created_annotation) { create(:metrics_dashboard_annotation) }
-
-    describe '#after' do
-      it 'returns only younger annotations' do
-        expect(described_class.after(12.minutes.ago)).to match_array [nine_minutes_old_annotation, just_created_annotation]
-      end
-    end
-
-    describe '#before' do
-      it 'returns only older annotations' do
-        expect(described_class.before(5.minutes.ago)).to match_array [fifteen_minutes_old_annotation, nine_minutes_old_annotation]
-      end
-    end
-
-    describe '#for_dashboard' do
-      let!(:other_dashboard_annotation) { create(:metrics_dashboard_annotation, dashboard_path: 'other_dashboard.yml') }
-
-      it 'returns annotations only for appointed dashboard' do
-        expect(described_class.for_dashboard('other_dashboard.yml')).to match_array [other_dashboard_annotation]
-      end
-    end
-
-    describe '#ending_before' do
-      it 'returns annotations only for appointed dashboard' do
-        freeze_time do
-          twelve_minutes_old_annotation = create(:metrics_dashboard_annotation, starting_at: 15.minutes.ago, ending_at: 12.minutes.ago)
-          create(:metrics_dashboard_annotation, starting_at: 15.minutes.ago, ending_at: 11.minutes.ago)
-
-          expect(described_class.ending_before(11.minutes.ago)).to match_array [fifteen_minutes_old_annotation, twelve_minutes_old_annotation]
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/models/metrics/users_starred_dashboard_spec.rb b/spec/models/metrics/users_starred_dashboard_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index c89344c0a1c..00000000000
--- a/spec/models/metrics/users_starred_dashboard_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'spec_helper'
-
-RSpec.describe Metrics::UsersStarredDashboard do
-  describe 'associations' do
-    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project).inverse_of(:metrics_users_starred_dashboards) }
-    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:user).inverse_of(:metrics_users_starred_dashboards) }
-  end
-
-  describe 'validation' do
-    subject { build(:metrics_users_starred_dashboard) }
-
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:user_id) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:project_id) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:dashboard_path) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:dashboard_path).is_at_most(255) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:dashboard_path).scoped_to(%i[user_id project_id]) }
-  end
-
-  context 'scopes' do
-    let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
-    let_it_be(:starred_dashboard_a) { create(:metrics_users_starred_dashboard, project: project, dashboard_path: 'path_a') }
-    let_it_be(:starred_dashboard_b) { create(:metrics_users_starred_dashboard, project: project, dashboard_path: 'path_b') }
-    let_it_be(:starred_dashboard_c) { create(:metrics_users_starred_dashboard, dashboard_path: 'path_b') }
-
-    describe '#for_project' do
-      it 'selects only starred dashboards belonging to project' do
-        expect(described_class.for_project(project)).to contain_exactly starred_dashboard_a, starred_dashboard_b
-      end
-    end
-
-    describe '#for_project_dashboard' do
-      it 'selects only starred dashboards belonging to project with given dashboard path' do
-        expect(described_class.for_project_dashboard(project, 'path_b')).to contain_exactly starred_dashboard_b
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/models/ml/model_version_spec.rb b/spec/models/ml/model_version_spec.rb
index 4bb272fef5d..83639fca9e1 100644
--- a/spec/models/ml/model_version_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/ml/model_version_spec.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ RSpec.describe Ml::ModelVersion, feature_category: :mlops do
   describe 'associations' do
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:model) }
-    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:package) }
+    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:package).class_name('Packages::MlModel::Package') }
   end
 
   describe 'validation' do
@@ -83,14 +83,6 @@ RSpec.describe Ml::ModelVersion, feature_category: :mlops do
 
         it { expect(errors[:package]).to include(error_message) }
       end
-
-      context 'when package is not ml_model' do
-        let(:package) do
-          build_stubbed(:generic_package, project: base_project, name: model1.name, version: valid_version)
-        end
-
-        it { expect(errors[:package]).to include('package must be ml_model') }
-      end
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/spec/models/namespace_spec.rb b/spec/models/namespace_spec.rb
index 623c9c7e07c..a0deee0f2d3 100644
--- a/spec/models/namespace_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/namespace_spec.rb
@@ -443,6 +443,15 @@ RSpec.describe Namespace, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
       end
     end
 
+    describe '.by_root_id' do
+      it 'returns correct namespaces' do
+        expect(described_class.by_root_id(namespace1.id)).to match_array([namespace1, namespace1sub])
+        expect(described_class.by_root_id(namespace2.id)).to match_array([namespace2, namespace2sub])
+        expect(described_class.by_root_id(namespace1sub.id)).to be_empty
+        expect(described_class.by_root_id(nil)).to be_empty
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '.filter_by_path' do
       it 'includes correct namespaces' do
         expect(described_class.filter_by_path(namespace1.path)).to eq([namespace1])
@@ -1070,17 +1079,30 @@ RSpec.describe Namespace, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
     end
 
     it 'defaults use_minimum_char_limit to true' do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:fuzzy_search).with(anything, anything, use_minimum_char_limit: true).once
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:fuzzy_search).with(anything, anything, use_minimum_char_limit: true, exact_matches_first: false).once
 
       described_class.search('my namespace')
     end
 
     it 'passes use_minimum_char_limit if it is set' do
-      expect(described_class).to receive(:fuzzy_search).with(anything, anything, use_minimum_char_limit: false).once
+      expect(described_class).to receive(:fuzzy_search).with(anything, anything, use_minimum_char_limit: false, exact_matches_first: false).once
 
       described_class.search('my namespace', use_minimum_char_limit: false)
     end
 
+    context 'with multiple matching namespaces' do
+      let_it_be(:first_group) { create(:group, name: 'some name', path: 'z-path') }
+      let_it_be(:second_group) { create(:group, name: 'some name too', path: 'a-path') }
+
+      it 'returns exact matches first' do
+        expect(described_class.search('some name', exact_matches_first: true).to_a).to eq([first_group, second_group])
+      end
+
+      it 'returns exact matches first when parents are included' do
+        expect(described_class.search('some name', include_parents: true, exact_matches_first: true).to_a).to eq([first_group, second_group])
+      end
+    end
+
     context 'with project namespaces' do
       let_it_be(:project) { create(:project, namespace: parent_group, path: 'some-new-path') }
       let_it_be(:project_namespace) { project.project_namespace }
@@ -1186,8 +1208,11 @@ RSpec.describe Namespace, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
   end
 
   describe '#move_dir', :request_store do
-    shared_examples "namespace restrictions" do
-      context "when any project has container images" do
+    context 'hashed storage' do
+      let_it_be(:namespace) { create(:namespace) }
+      let_it_be(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, namespace: namespace) }
+
+      context 'when any project has container images' do
         let(:container_repository) { create(:container_repository) }
 
         before do
@@ -1207,190 +1232,6 @@ RSpec.describe Namespace, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
           )
         end
       end
-    end
-
-    context 'legacy storage' do
-      let(:namespace) { create(:namespace) }
-      let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, :legacy_storage, namespace: namespace) }
-
-      it_behaves_like 'namespace restrictions'
-
-      it "raises error when directory exists" do
-        expect { namespace.move_dir }.to raise_error("namespace directory cannot be moved")
-      end
-
-      it "moves dir if path changed" do
-        namespace.update!(path: namespace.full_path + '_new')
-
-        expect(gitlab_shell.repository_exists?(project.repository_storage, "#{namespace.path}/#{project.path}.git")).to be_truthy
-      end
-
-      context 'when #write_projects_repository_config raises an error' do
-        context 'in test environment' do
-          it 'raises an exception' do
-            expect(namespace).to receive(:write_projects_repository_config).and_raise('foo')
-
-            expect do
-              namespace.update!(path: namespace.full_path + '_new')
-            end.to raise_error('foo')
-          end
-        end
-
-        context 'in production environment' do
-          it 'does not cancel later callbacks' do
-            expect(namespace).to receive(:write_projects_repository_config).and_raise('foo')
-            expect(namespace).to receive(:move_dir).and_wrap_original do |m, *args|
-              move_dir_result = m.call(*args)
-
-              expect(move_dir_result).to be_truthy # Must be truthy, or else later callbacks would be canceled
-
-              move_dir_result
-            end
-            expect(Gitlab::ErrorTracking).to receive(:should_raise_for_dev?).and_return(false) # like prod
-
-            namespace.update!(path: namespace.full_path + '_new')
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      shared_examples 'move_dir without repository storage feature' do |storage_version|
-        let(:namespace) { create(:namespace) }
-        let(:gitlab_shell) { namespace.gitlab_shell }
-        let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, namespace: namespace, storage_version: storage_version) }
-
-        it 'calls namespace service' do
-          expect(gitlab_shell).to receive(:add_namespace).and_return(true)
-          expect(gitlab_shell).to receive(:mv_namespace).and_return(true)
-
-          namespace.move_dir
-        end
-      end
-
-      shared_examples 'move_dir with repository storage feature' do |storage_version|
-        let(:namespace) { create(:namespace) }
-        let(:gitlab_shell) { namespace.gitlab_shell }
-        let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, namespace: namespace, storage_version: storage_version) }
-
-        it 'does not call namespace service' do
-          expect(gitlab_shell).not_to receive(:add_namespace)
-          expect(gitlab_shell).not_to receive(:mv_namespace)
-
-          namespace.move_dir
-        end
-      end
-
-      context 'project is without repository storage feature' do
-        [nil, 0].each do |storage_version|
-          it_behaves_like 'move_dir without repository storage feature', storage_version
-        end
-      end
-
-      context 'project has repository storage feature' do
-        [1, 2].each do |storage_version|
-          it_behaves_like 'move_dir with repository storage feature', storage_version
-        end
-      end
-
-      context 'with subgroups' do
-        let(:parent) { create(:group, name: 'parent', path: 'parent') }
-        let(:new_parent) { create(:group, name: 'new_parent', path: 'new_parent') }
-        let(:child) { create(:group, name: 'child', path: 'child', parent: parent) }
-        let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, :legacy_storage, path: 'the-project', namespace: child, skip_disk_validation: true) }
-        let(:uploads_dir) { FileUploader.root }
-        let(:pages_dir) { File.join(TestEnv.pages_path) }
-
-        def expect_project_directories_at(namespace_path, with_pages: true)
-          expected_repository_path = Gitlab::GitalyClient::StorageSettings.allow_disk_access do
-            File.join(TestEnv.repos_path, namespace_path, 'the-project.git')
-          end
-          expected_upload_path = File.join(uploads_dir, namespace_path, 'the-project')
-          expected_pages_path = File.join(pages_dir, namespace_path, 'the-project')
-
-          expect(File.directory?(expected_repository_path)).to be_truthy
-          expect(File.directory?(expected_upload_path)).to be_truthy
-          expect(File.directory?(expected_pages_path)).to be(with_pages)
-        end
-
-        before do
-          Gitlab::GitalyClient::StorageSettings.allow_disk_access do
-            FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.join(TestEnv.repos_path, "#{project.full_path}.git"))
-          end
-          FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.join(uploads_dir, project.full_path))
-          FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.join(pages_dir, project.full_path))
-        end
-
-        after do
-          Gitlab::GitalyClient::StorageSettings.allow_disk_access do
-            FileUtils.remove_entry(File.join(TestEnv.repos_path, parent.full_path), true)
-            FileUtils.remove_entry(File.join(TestEnv.repos_path, new_parent.full_path), true)
-            FileUtils.remove_entry(File.join(TestEnv.repos_path, child.full_path), true)
-          end
-          FileUtils.remove_entry(File.join(uploads_dir, project.full_path), true)
-          FileUtils.remove_entry(pages_dir, true)
-        end
-
-        context 'renaming child' do
-          context 'when no projects have pages deployed' do
-            it 'moves the repository and uploads', :sidekiq_inline do
-              project.pages_metadatum.update!(deployed: false)
-              child.update!(path: 'renamed')
-
-              expect_project_directories_at('parent/renamed', with_pages: false)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        context 'renaming parent' do
-          context 'when no projects have pages deployed' do
-            it 'moves the repository and uploads', :sidekiq_inline do
-              project.pages_metadatum.update!(deployed: false)
-              parent.update!(path: 'renamed')
-
-              expect_project_directories_at('renamed/child', with_pages: false)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        context 'moving from one parent to another' do
-          context 'when no projects have pages deployed' do
-            it 'moves the repository and uploads', :sidekiq_inline do
-              project.pages_metadatum.update!(deployed: false)
-              child.update!(parent: new_parent)
-
-              expect_project_directories_at('new_parent/child', with_pages: false)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        context 'moving from having a parent to root' do
-          context 'when no projects have pages deployed' do
-            it 'moves the repository and uploads', :sidekiq_inline do
-              project.pages_metadatum.update!(deployed: false)
-              child.update!(parent: nil)
-
-              expect_project_directories_at('child', with_pages: false)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        context 'moving from root to having a parent' do
-          context 'when no projects have pages deployed' do
-            it 'moves the repository and uploads', :sidekiq_inline do
-              project.pages_metadatum.update!(deployed: false)
-              parent.update!(parent: new_parent)
-
-              expect_project_directories_at('new_parent/parent/child', with_pages: false)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'hashed storage' do
-      let(:namespace) { create(:namespace) }
-      let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, namespace: namespace) }
-
-      it_behaves_like 'namespace restrictions'
 
       it "repository directory remains unchanged if path changed" do
         before_disk_path = project.disk_path
@@ -1430,73 +1271,6 @@ RSpec.describe Namespace, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
     end
   end
 
-  describe '#rm_dir', 'callback' do
-    let(:repository_storage_path) do
-      Gitlab::GitalyClient::StorageSettings.allow_disk_access do
-        Gitlab.config.repositories.storages.default.legacy_disk_path
-      end
-    end
-
-    let(:path_in_dir) { File.join(repository_storage_path, namespace.full_path) }
-    let(:deleted_path) { namespace.full_path.gsub(namespace.path, "#{namespace.full_path}+#{namespace.id}+deleted") }
-    let(:deleted_path_in_dir) { File.join(repository_storage_path, deleted_path) }
-
-    context 'legacy storage' do
-      let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, :legacy_storage, namespace: namespace) }
-
-      it 'renames its dirs when deleted' do
-        allow(GitlabShellWorker).to receive(:perform_in)
-
-        namespace.destroy!
-
-        expect(File.exist?(deleted_path_in_dir)).to be(true)
-      end
-
-      it 'schedules the namespace for deletion' do
-        expect(GitlabShellWorker).to receive(:perform_in).with(5.minutes, :rm_namespace, repository_storage, deleted_path)
-
-        namespace.destroy!
-      end
-
-      context 'in sub-groups' do
-        let(:parent) { create(:group, path: 'parent') }
-        let(:child) { create(:group, parent: parent, path: 'child') }
-        let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, :legacy_storage, namespace: child) }
-        let(:path_in_dir) { File.join(repository_storage_path, 'parent', 'child') }
-        let(:deleted_path) { File.join('parent', "child+#{child.id}+deleted") }
-        let(:deleted_path_in_dir) { File.join(repository_storage_path, deleted_path) }
-
-        it 'renames its dirs when deleted' do
-          allow(GitlabShellWorker).to receive(:perform_in)
-
-          child.destroy!
-
-          expect(File.exist?(deleted_path_in_dir)).to be(true)
-        end
-
-        it 'schedules the namespace for deletion' do
-          expect(GitlabShellWorker).to receive(:perform_in).with(5.minutes, :rm_namespace, repository_storage, deleted_path)
-
-          child.destroy!
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'hashed storage' do
-      let!(:project) { create(:project_empty_repo, namespace: namespace) }
-
-      it 'has no repositories base directories to remove' do
-        expect(GitlabShellWorker).not_to receive(:perform_in)
-
-        expect(File.exist?(path_in_dir)).to be(false)
-
-        namespace.destroy!
-
-        expect(File.exist?(deleted_path_in_dir)).to be(false)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
   describe '.find_by_path_or_name' do
     before do
       @namespace = create(:namespace, name: 'WoW', path: 'woW')
@@ -2126,6 +1900,48 @@ RSpec.describe Namespace, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#first_auto_devops_config' do
+    let(:instance_autodevops_status) { Gitlab::CurrentSettings.auto_devops_enabled? }
+
+    context 'when namespace.auto_devops_enabled is not set' do
+      let(:group) { create(:group) }
+
+      it 'returns the config values using the instance setting' do
+        expect(group.first_auto_devops_config).to eq({ scope: :instance, status: instance_autodevops_status })
+      end
+
+      context 'when namespace does not have auto_deveops enabled but has a parent' do
+        let!(:parent) { create(:group, auto_devops_enabled: true) }
+        let!(:group) { create(:group, parent: parent) }
+
+        it 'returns the first_auto_devops_config of the parent' do
+          expect(parent).to receive(:first_auto_devops_config).and_call_original
+
+          expect(group.first_auto_devops_config).to eq({ scope: :group, status: true })
+        end
+
+        context 'then the parent is deleted' do
+          before do
+            parent.delete
+            group.reload
+          end
+
+          it 'returns its own config with status based on the instance settings' do
+            expect(group.first_auto_devops_config).to eq({ scope: :instance, status: instance_autodevops_status })
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when namespace.auto_devops_enable is set' do
+      let(:group) { create(:group, auto_devops_enabled: false) }
+
+      it 'returns the correct config values' do
+        expect(group.first_auto_devops_config).to eq({ scope: :group, status: false })
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#user_namespace?' do
     subject { namespace.user_namespace? }
 
diff --git a/spec/models/note_spec.rb b/spec/models/note_spec.rb
index 0fc689b9f6c..2b26c73aa7a 100644
--- a/spec/models/note_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/note_spec.rb
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ RSpec.describe Note, feature_category: :team_planning do
 
   describe 'associations' do
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project) }
+    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:namespace) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:noteable).touch(false) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:author).class_name('User') }
 
@@ -32,6 +33,7 @@ RSpec.describe Note, feature_category: :team_planning do
     it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:note).is_at_most(1_000_000) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:note) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:project) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:namespace) }
 
     context 'when note is on commit' do
       before do
@@ -310,6 +312,70 @@ RSpec.describe Note, feature_category: :team_planning do
         it { is_expected.to be false }
       end
     end
+
+    describe '#ensure_namespace_id' do
+      context 'for a project noteable' do
+        let_it_be(:issue) { create(:issue) }
+
+        it 'copies the project_namespace_id of the project' do
+          note = build(:note, noteable: issue, project: issue.project)
+
+          note.valid?
+
+          expect(note.namespace_id).to eq(issue.project.project_namespace_id)
+        end
+
+        context 'when noteable is changed' do
+          let_it_be(:another_issue) { create(:issue) }
+
+          it 'updates the namespace_id' do
+            note = create(:note, noteable: issue, project: issue.project)
+
+            note.noteable = another_issue
+            note.project = another_issue.project
+            note.valid?
+
+            expect(note.namespace_id).to eq(another_issue.project.project_namespace_id)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when project is missing' do
+          it 'does not raise an exception' do
+            note = build(:note, noteable: issue, project: nil)
+
+            expect { note.valid? }.not_to raise_error
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'for a personal snippet note' do
+        let_it_be(:snippet) { create(:personal_snippet) }
+
+        it 'copies the personal namespace_id of the author' do
+          note = build(:note, noteable: snippet, project: nil)
+
+          note.valid?
+
+          expect(note.namespace_id).to eq(snippet.author.namespace.id)
+        end
+
+        context 'when snippet author is missing' do
+          it 'does not raise an exception' do
+            note = build(:note, noteable: build(:personal_snippet, author: nil), project: nil)
+
+            expect { note.valid? }.not_to raise_error
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when noteable is missing' do
+        it 'does not raise an exception' do
+          note = build(:note, noteable: nil, project: nil)
+
+          expect { note.valid? }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe "Commit notes" do
@@ -1595,53 +1661,30 @@ RSpec.describe Note, feature_category: :team_planning do
     end
   end
 
-  describe 'expiring ETag cache' do
+  describe 'broadcasting note changes' do
     let_it_be(:issue) { create(:issue) }
 
     let(:note) { build(:note, project: issue.project, noteable: issue) }
 
-    def expect_expiration(noteable)
-      expect_any_instance_of(Gitlab::EtagCaching::Store)
-        .to receive(:touch)
-        .with("/#{noteable.project.namespace.to_param}/#{noteable.project.to_param}/noteable/#{noteable.class.name.underscore}/#{noteable.id}/notes")
-    end
-
     it 'broadcasts an Action Cable event for the noteable' do
       expect(Noteable::NotesChannel).to receive(:broadcast_to).with(note.noteable, event: 'updated')
 
       note.save!
     end
 
-    context 'when action_cable_notes is disabled' do
-      before do
-        stub_feature_flags(action_cable_notes: false)
-      end
-
-      it 'does not broadcast an Action Cable event' do
-        expect(Noteable::NotesChannel).not_to receive(:broadcast_to)
-
-        note.save!
-      end
-    end
-
-    it "expires cache for note's issue when note is saved" do
-      expect_expiration(note.noteable)
-
+    it 'broadcast an Action Cable event for the noteable when note is destroyed' do
       note.save!
-    end
 
-    it "expires cache for note's issue when note is destroyed" do
-      note.save!
-      expect_expiration(note.noteable)
+      expect(Noteable::NotesChannel).to receive(:broadcast_to).with(note.noteable, event: 'updated')
 
       note.destroy!
     end
 
-    context 'when issuable etag caching is disabled' do
-      it 'does not store cache key' do
-        allow(note.noteable).to receive(:etag_caching_enabled?).and_return(false)
+    context 'when issuable real_time_notes is disabled' do
+      it 'does not broadcast an Action Cable event' do
+        allow(note.noteable).to receive(:real_time_notes_enabled?).and_return(false)
 
-        expect_any_instance_of(Gitlab::EtagCaching::Store).not_to receive(:touch)
+        expect(Noteable::NotesChannel).not_to receive(:broadcast_to)
 
         note.save!
       end
@@ -1653,8 +1696,8 @@ RSpec.describe Note, feature_category: :team_planning do
       context 'when adding a note to the MR' do
         let(:note) { build(:note, noteable: merge_request, project: merge_request.project) }
 
-        it 'expires the MR note etag cache' do
-          expect_expiration(merge_request)
+        it 'broadcasts an Action Cable event for the MR' do
+          expect(Noteable::NotesChannel).to receive(:broadcast_to).with(merge_request, event: 'updated')
 
           note.save!
         end
@@ -1663,8 +1706,8 @@ RSpec.describe Note, feature_category: :team_planning do
       context 'when adding a note to a commit on the MR' do
         let(:note) { build(:note_on_commit, commit_id: merge_request.commits.first.id, project: merge_request.project) }
 
-        it 'expires the MR note etag cache' do
-          expect_expiration(merge_request)
+        it 'broadcasts an Action Cable event for the MR' do
+          expect(Noteable::NotesChannel).to receive(:broadcast_to).with(merge_request, event: 'updated')
 
           note.save!
         end
diff --git a/spec/models/notification_setting_spec.rb b/spec/models/notification_setting_spec.rb
index 730a9045d7f..9bf95051730 100644
--- a/spec/models/notification_setting_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/notification_setting_spec.rb
@@ -221,4 +221,11 @@ RSpec.describe NotificationSetting do
 
     it { is_expected.to eq([notification_setting_1, notification_setting_3]) }
   end
+
+  context 'with loose foreign key on notification_settings.user_id' do
+    it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+      let!(:parent) { create(:user) }
+      let!(:model) { create(:notification_setting, user: parent) }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/oauth_access_token_spec.rb b/spec/models/oauth_access_token_spec.rb
index b21a2bf2079..55c82369f33 100644
--- a/spec/models/oauth_access_token_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/oauth_access_token_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe OauthAccessToken do
+RSpec.describe OauthAccessToken, feature_category: :system_access do
   let(:app_one) { create(:oauth_application) }
   let(:app_two) { create(:oauth_application) }
   let(:app_three) { create(:oauth_application) }
@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@ RSpec.describe OauthAccessToken do
   end
 
   describe 'Doorkeeper secret storing' do
+    it 'does not have a prefix' do
+      expect(token.plaintext_token).not_to start_with('gl')
+    end
+
     it 'stores the token in hashed format' do
       expect(token.token).not_to eq(token.plaintext_token)
     end
diff --git a/spec/models/organizations/organization_spec.rb b/spec/models/organizations/organization_spec.rb
index 7838fc1c5a4..2f9f04fd3e6 100644
--- a/spec/models/organizations/organization_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/organizations/organization_spec.rb
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ RSpec.describe Organizations::Organization, type: :model, feature_category: :cel
     it { is_expected.to have_many :groups }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:users).through(:organization_users).inverse_of(:organizations) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:organization_users).inverse_of(:organization) }
+    it { is_expected.to have_many :projects }
   end
 
   describe 'validations' do
diff --git a/spec/models/packages/dependency_link_spec.rb b/spec/models/packages/dependency_link_spec.rb
index d8fde8f5eb3..3022a960c4c 100644
--- a/spec/models/packages/dependency_link_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/packages/dependency_link_spec.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,28 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Packages::DependencyLink, type: :model do
+RSpec.describe Packages::DependencyLink, type: :model, feature_category: :package_registry do
+  let_it_be(:package1) { create(:package) }
+  let_it_be(:package2) { create(:package) }
+  let_it_be(:dependency1) { create(:packages_dependency) }
+  let_it_be(:dependency2) { create(:packages_dependency) }
+
+  let_it_be(:dependency_link1) do
+    create(:packages_dependency_link, :dev_dependencies, package: package1, dependency: dependency1)
+  end
+
+  let_it_be(:dependency_link2) do
+    create(:packages_dependency_link, :dependencies, package: package1, dependency: dependency2)
+  end
+
+  let_it_be(:dependency_link3) do
+    create(:packages_dependency_link, :dependencies, package: package2, dependency: dependency1)
+  end
+
+  let_it_be(:dependency_link4) do
+    create(:packages_dependency_link, :dependencies, package: package2, dependency: dependency2)
+  end
+
   describe 'relationships' do
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:package).inverse_of(:dependency_links) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:dependency).inverse_of(:dependency_links) }
@@ -53,4 +74,49 @@ RSpec.describe Packages::DependencyLink, type: :model do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe '.dependency_ids_grouped_by_type' do
+    let(:packages) { Packages::Package.where(id: [package1.id, package2.id]) }
+
+    subject { described_class.dependency_ids_grouped_by_type(packages) }
+
+    it 'aggregates dependencies by type', :aggregate_failures do
+      result = Gitlab::Json.parse(subject.to_json)
+
+      expect(result.count).to eq(2)
+      expect(result).to include(
+        hash_including(
+          'package_id' => package1.id,
+          'dependency_ids_by_type' => {
+            '1' => [dependency2.id],
+            '2' => [dependency1.id]
+          }
+        ),
+        hash_including(
+          'package_id' => package2.id,
+          'dependency_ids_by_type' => {
+            '1' => [dependency1.id, dependency2.id]
+          }
+        )
+      )
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.for_packages' do
+    let(:packages) { Packages::Package.where(id: package1.id) }
+
+    subject { described_class.for_packages(packages) }
+
+    it 'returns dependency links for selected packages' do
+      expect(subject).to contain_exactly(dependency_link1, dependency_link2)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.select_dependency_id' do
+    subject { described_class.select_dependency_id }
+
+    it 'returns only dependency_id' do
+      expect(subject[0].attributes).to eq('dependency_id' => dependency1.id, 'id' => nil)
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/packages/ml_model/package_spec.rb b/spec/models/packages/ml_model/package_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a327197672
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/packages/ml_model/package_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Packages::MlModel::Package, feature_category: :mlops do
+  let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
+  let_it_be(:ml_model) { create(:ml_model_package, project: project) }
+  let_it_be(:generic_package) { create(:generic_package, project: project) }
+
+  describe 'associations' do
+    it { is_expected.to have_one(:model_version) }
+  end
+
+  describe 'all' do
+    it 'fetches only ml_model packages' do
+      expect(described_class.all).to eq([ml_model])
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#valid?' do
+    using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
+
+    let_it_be(:valid_version) { '1.0.0' }
+    let_it_be(:valid_name) { 'some_model' }
+
+    let(:version) { valid_version }
+    let(:name) { valid_name }
+
+    let(:ml_model) { described_class.new(version: version, name: name, project: project) }
+
+    subject(:errors) do
+      ml_model.validate
+      ml_model.errors
+    end
+
+    it { expect(ml_model).to validate_presence_of(:name) }
+    it { expect(ml_model).to validate_presence_of(:version) }
+
+    it 'validates a valid ml_model package' do
+      expect(errors).to be_empty
+    end
+
+    describe 'name' do
+      where(:ctx, :name) do
+        'name is blank'                     | ''
+        'name is nil'                       | nil
+        'name is not valid package name'    | '!!()()'
+        'name is too large'                 | ('a' * 256)
+      end
+      with_them do
+        it { expect(errors).to include(:name) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe 'version' do
+      where(:ctx, :version) do
+        'version is blank'            | ''
+        'version is nil'              | nil
+        'version is not valid semver' | 'v1.0.0'
+        'version is too large'        | ('a' * 256)
+      end
+      with_them do
+        it { expect(errors).to include(:version) }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/packages/nuget/metadatum_spec.rb b/spec/models/packages/nuget/metadatum_spec.rb
index e1520c0782f..c8e052baf6f 100644
--- a/spec/models/packages/nuget/metadatum_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/packages/nuget/metadatum_spec.rb
@@ -16,18 +16,7 @@ RSpec.describe Packages::Nuget::Metadatum, type: :model, feature_category: :pack
     it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:authors).is_at_most(described_class::MAX_AUTHORS_LENGTH) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:description) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:description).is_at_most(described_class::MAX_DESCRIPTION_LENGTH) }
-
-    context 'for normalized_version presence' do
-      it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:normalized_version) }
-
-      context 'when nuget_normalized_version feature flag is disabled' do
-        before do
-          stub_feature_flags(nuget_normalized_version: false)
-        end
-
-        it { is_expected.not_to validate_presence_of(:normalized_version) }
-      end
-    end
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:normalized_version) }
 
     %i[license_url project_url icon_url].each do |url|
       describe "##{url}" do
@@ -87,16 +76,6 @@ RSpec.describe Packages::Nuget::Metadatum, type: :model, feature_category: :pack
 
           expect(nuget_metadatum.normalized_version).to eq(normalized_version)
         end
-
-        context 'when the nuget_normalized_version feature flag is disabled' do
-          before do
-            stub_feature_flags(nuget_normalized_version: false)
-          end
-
-          it 'does not save the normalized version' do
-            expect(nuget_metadatum.normalized_version).not_to eq(normalized_version)
-          end
-        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/models/packages/nuget/symbol_spec.rb b/spec/models/packages/nuget/symbol_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..52e95c11939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/packages/nuget/symbol_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Packages::Nuget::Symbol, type: :model, feature_category: :package_registry do
+  subject(:symbol) { create(:nuget_symbol) }
+
+  it { is_expected.to be_a FileStoreMounter }
+
+  describe 'relationships' do
+    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:package).inverse_of(:nuget_symbols) }
+  end
+
+  describe 'validations' do
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:file) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:file_path) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:signature) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:object_storage_key) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:size) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:signature).scoped_to(:file_path) }
+    it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:object_storage_key).case_insensitive }
+  end
+
+  describe 'delegations' do
+    it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:project_id).to(:package) }
+  end
+
+  describe 'callbacks' do
+    describe 'before_validation' do
+      describe '#set_object_storage_key' do
+        context 'when signature and project_id are present' do
+          it 'sets the object_storage_key' do
+            expected_key = Gitlab::HashedPath.new(
+              'packages', 'nuget', symbol.package_id, 'symbols', OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(symbol.signature),
+              root_hash: symbol.project_id
+            ).to_s
+
+            symbol.valid?
+
+            expect(symbol.object_storage_key).to eq(expected_key)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when signature is not present' do
+          subject(:symbol) { build(:nuget_symbol, signature: nil) }
+
+          it 'does not set the object_storage_key' do
+            symbol.valid?
+
+            expect(symbol.object_storage_key).to be_nil
+          end
+        end
+
+        context 'when project_id is not present' do
+          subject(:symbol) { build(:nuget_symbol) }
+
+          before do
+            allow(symbol).to receive(:project_id).and_return(nil)
+          end
+
+          it 'does not set the object_storage_key' do
+            symbol.valid?
+
+            expect(symbol.object_storage_key).to be_nil
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/packages/package_spec.rb b/spec/models/packages/package_spec.rb
index 381b5af117e..e113218e828 100644
--- a/spec/models/packages/package_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/packages/package_spec.rb
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ RSpec.describe Packages::Package, type: :model, feature_category: :package_regis
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:rubygems_metadatum).inverse_of(:package) }
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:npm_metadatum).inverse_of(:package) }
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:rpm_metadatum).inverse_of(:package) }
+    it { is_expected.to have_many(:nuget_symbols).inverse_of(:package) }
   end
 
   describe '.with_debian_codename' do
@@ -875,14 +876,6 @@ RSpec.describe Packages::Package, type: :model, feature_category: :package_regis
     subject { described_class.with_npm_scope('test') }
 
     it { is_expected.to contain_exactly(package1) }
-
-    context 'when npm_package_registry_fix_group_path_validation is disabled' do
-      before do
-        stub_feature_flags(npm_package_registry_fix_group_path_validation: false)
-      end
-
-      it { is_expected.to contain_exactly(package1) }
-    end
   end
 
   describe '.without_nuget_temporary_name' do
@@ -1505,4 +1498,38 @@ RSpec.describe Packages::Package, type: :model, feature_category: :package_regis
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe 'inheritance' do
+    let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
+
+    let(:format) { "" }
+    let(:package) { create("#{format}_package", project: project) }
+    let(:package_id) { package.id }
+
+    subject { described_class.find_by(id: package_id).class }
+
+    described_class
+      .package_types
+      .keys
+      .map(&:to_sym)
+      .each do |package_format|
+      if described_class.inheritance_column_to_class_map[package_format].nil?
+        context "for package format #{package_format}" do
+          let(:format) { package_format }
+
+          it 'maps to Packages::Package' do
+            is_expected.to eq(described_class)
+          end
+        end
+      else
+        context "for package format #{package_format}" do
+          let(:format) { package_format }
+
+          it 'maps to the correct class' do
+            is_expected.to eq(described_class.inheritance_column_to_class_map[package_format].constantize)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/packages/protection/rule_spec.rb b/spec/models/packages/protection/rule_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b368687e6d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/packages/protection/rule_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Packages::Protection::Rule, type: :model, feature_category: :package_registry do
+  it_behaves_like 'having unique enum values'
+
+  describe 'relationships' do
+    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project).inverse_of(:package_protection_rules) }
+  end
+
+  describe 'enums' do
+    describe '#package_type' do
+      it { is_expected.to define_enum_for(:package_type).with_values(npm: Packages::Package.package_types[:npm]) }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'validations' do
+    subject { build(:package_protection_rule) }
+
+    describe '#package_name_pattern' do
+      it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:package_name_pattern) }
+      it { is_expected.to validate_uniqueness_of(:package_name_pattern).scoped_to(:project_id, :package_type) }
+      it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:package_name_pattern).is_at_most(255) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#package_type' do
+      it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:package_type) }
+    end
+
+    describe '#push_protected_up_to_access_level' do
+      it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:push_protected_up_to_access_level) }
+
+      it {
+        is_expected.to validate_inclusion_of(:push_protected_up_to_access_level).in_array([Gitlab::Access::DEVELOPER,
+          Gitlab::Access::MAINTAINER, Gitlab::Access::OWNER])
+      }
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/pages/virtual_domain_spec.rb b/spec/models/pages/virtual_domain_spec.rb
index b5a421295b2..02e3fd67f2d 100644
--- a/spec/models/pages/virtual_domain_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/pages/virtual_domain_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Pages::VirtualDomain do
+RSpec.describe Pages::VirtualDomain, feature_category: :pages do
   describe '#certificate and #key pair' do
     let(:domain) { nil }
     let(:project) { instance_double(Project) }
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ RSpec.describe Pages::VirtualDomain do
   end
 
   describe '#lookup_paths' do
+    let(:domain) { nil }
+    let(:trim_prefix) { nil }
     let(:project_a) { instance_double(Project) }
     let(:project_b) { instance_double(Project) }
     let(:project_c) { instance_double(Project) }
@@ -32,44 +34,43 @@ RSpec.describe Pages::VirtualDomain do
     let(:pages_lookup_path_b) { instance_double(Pages::LookupPath, prefix: 'bbb', source: { type: 'zip', path: 'https://example.com' }) }
     let(:pages_lookup_path_without_source) { instance_double(Pages::LookupPath, prefix: 'ccc', source: nil) }
 
+    subject(:virtual_domain) do
+      described_class.new(projects: project_list, domain: domain, trim_prefix: trim_prefix)
+    end
+
+    before do
+      allow(Pages::LookupPath)
+        .to receive(:new)
+        .with(project_a, domain: domain, trim_prefix: trim_prefix)
+        .and_return(pages_lookup_path_a)
+
+      allow(Pages::LookupPath)
+        .to receive(:new)
+        .with(project_b, domain: domain, trim_prefix: trim_prefix)
+        .and_return(pages_lookup_path_b)
+
+      allow(Pages::LookupPath)
+        .to receive(:new)
+        .with(project_c, domain: domain, trim_prefix: trim_prefix)
+        .and_return(pages_lookup_path_without_source)
+    end
+
     context 'when there is pages domain provided' do
       let(:domain) { instance_double(PagesDomain) }
-
-      subject(:virtual_domain) { described_class.new(projects: [project_a, project_b, project_c], domain: domain) }
+      let(:project_list) { [project_a, project_b, project_c] }
 
       it 'returns collection of projects pages lookup paths sorted by prefix in reverse' do
-        expect(project_a).to receive(:pages_lookup_path).with(domain: domain, trim_prefix: nil).and_return(pages_lookup_path_a)
-        expect(project_b).to receive(:pages_lookup_path).with(domain: domain, trim_prefix: nil).and_return(pages_lookup_path_b)
-        expect(project_c).to receive(:pages_lookup_path).with(domain: domain, trim_prefix: nil).and_return(pages_lookup_path_without_source)
-
         expect(virtual_domain.lookup_paths).to eq([pages_lookup_path_b, pages_lookup_path_a])
       end
     end
 
     context 'when there is trim_prefix provided' do
-      subject(:virtual_domain) { described_class.new(projects: [project_a, project_b], trim_prefix: 'group/') }
+      let(:trim_prefix) { 'group/' }
+      let(:project_list) { [project_a, project_b] }
 
       it 'returns collection of projects pages lookup paths sorted by prefix in reverse' do
-        expect(project_a).to receive(:pages_lookup_path).with(trim_prefix: 'group/', domain: nil).and_return(pages_lookup_path_a)
-        expect(project_b).to receive(:pages_lookup_path).with(trim_prefix: 'group/', domain: nil).and_return(pages_lookup_path_b)
-
         expect(virtual_domain.lookup_paths).to eq([pages_lookup_path_b, pages_lookup_path_a])
       end
     end
   end
-
-  describe '#cache_key' do
-    it 'returns the cache key based in the given cache_control' do
-      cache_control = instance_double(::Gitlab::Pages::CacheControl, cache_key: 'cache_key')
-      virtual_domain = described_class.new(projects: [instance_double(Project)], cache: cache_control)
-
-      expect(virtual_domain.cache_key).to eq('cache_key')
-    end
-
-    it 'returns nil when no cache_control is given' do
-      virtual_domain = described_class.new(projects: [instance_double(Project)])
-
-      expect(virtual_domain.cache_key).to be_nil
-    end
-  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/pages_deployment_spec.rb b/spec/models/pages_deployment_spec.rb
index bff69485e43..916197fe5e9 100644
--- a/spec/models/pages_deployment_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/pages_deployment_spec.rb
@@ -81,6 +81,57 @@ RSpec.describe PagesDeployment, feature_category: :pages do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '.deactivate_deployments_older_than', :freeze_time do
+    let!(:other_project_deployment) do
+      create(:pages_deployment)
+    end
+
+    let!(:other_path_prefix_deployment) do
+      create(:pages_deployment, project: project, path_prefix: 'other')
+    end
+
+    let!(:deactivated_deployment) do
+      create(:pages_deployment, project: project, deleted_at: 5.minutes.ago)
+    end
+
+    it 'updates only older deployments for the same project and path prefix' do
+      deployment1 = create(:pages_deployment, project: project, updated_at: 5.minutes.ago)
+      deployment2 = create(:pages_deployment, project: project, updated_at: 5.minutes.ago)
+      deployment3 = create(:pages_deployment, project: project, updated_at: 5.minutes.ago)
+
+      expect { described_class.deactivate_deployments_older_than(deployment2) }
+        .to change { deployment1.reload.deleted_at }
+        .from(nil).to(Time.zone.now)
+        .and change { deployment1.reload.updated_at }
+        .to(Time.zone.now)
+
+      expect(deployment2.reload.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(deployment3.reload.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(other_project_deployment.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(other_path_prefix_deployment.reload.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(deactivated_deployment.reload.deleted_at).to eq(5.minutes.ago)
+    end
+
+    it 'updates only older deployments for the same project with the given time' do
+      deployment1 = create(:pages_deployment, project: project, updated_at: 5.minutes.ago)
+      deployment2 = create(:pages_deployment, project: project, updated_at: 5.minutes.ago)
+      deployment3 = create(:pages_deployment, project: project, updated_at: 5.minutes.ago)
+      time = 30.minutes.from_now
+
+      expect { described_class.deactivate_deployments_older_than(deployment2, time: time) }
+        .to change { deployment1.reload.deleted_at }
+        .from(nil).to(time)
+        .and change { deployment1.reload.updated_at }
+        .to(Time.zone.now)
+
+      expect(deployment2.reload.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(deployment3.reload.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(other_project_deployment.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(other_path_prefix_deployment.reload.deleted_at).to be_nil
+      expect(deactivated_deployment.reload.deleted_at).to eq(5.minutes.ago)
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#migrated?' do
     it 'returns false for normal deployment' do
       deployment = create(:pages_deployment)
diff --git a/spec/models/pages_domain_spec.rb b/spec/models/pages_domain_spec.rb
index 3030756a413..cd740bca502 100644
--- a/spec/models/pages_domain_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/pages_domain_spec.rb
@@ -201,6 +201,17 @@ RSpec.describe PagesDomain do
 
   describe 'validations' do
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:verification_code) }
+
+    context 'when validating max certificate key length' do
+      it 'validates the certificate key length' do
+        valid_domain = build(:pages_domain, :key_length_8192)
+        expect(valid_domain).to be_valid
+
+        invalid_domain = build(:pages_domain, :extra_long_key)
+        expect(invalid_domain).to be_invalid
+        expect(invalid_domain.errors[:key]).to include('Certificate Key is too long. (Max 8192 bytes)')
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe 'default values' do
diff --git a/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_metric_spec.rb b/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_metric_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 58bb59793cf..00000000000
--- a/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_metric_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'spec_helper'
-
-RSpec.describe PerformanceMonitoring::PrometheusMetric do
-  let(:json_content) do
-    {
-      "id" => "metric_of_ages",
-      "unit" => "count",
-      "label" => "Metric of Ages",
-      "query_range" => "http_requests_total"
-    }
-  end
-
-  describe '.from_json' do
-    subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-    it 'creates a PrometheusMetric object' do
-      expect(subject).to be_a described_class
-      expect(subject.id).to eq(json_content['id'])
-      expect(subject.unit).to eq(json_content['unit'])
-      expect(subject.label).to eq(json_content['label'])
-      expect(subject.query_range).to eq(json_content['query_range'])
-    end
-
-    describe 'validations' do
-      context 'json_content is not a hash' do
-        let(:json_content) { nil }
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-
-      context 'when unit is missing' do
-        before do
-          json_content['unit'] = nil
-        end
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-
-      context 'when query and query_range is missing' do
-        before do
-          json_content['query_range'] = nil
-        end
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-
-      context 'when query_range is missing but query is available' do
-        before do
-          json_content['query_range'] = nil
-          json_content['query'] = 'http_requests_total'
-        end
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { is_expected.to be_valid }
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_group_spec.rb b/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_group_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 497f80483eb..00000000000
--- a/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_group_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'spec_helper'
-
-RSpec.describe PerformanceMonitoring::PrometheusPanelGroup do
-  let(:json_content) do
-    {
-      "group" => "Group Title",
-      "panels" => [{
-        "type" => "area-chart",
-        "title" => "Chart Title",
-        "y_label" => "Y-Axis",
-        "metrics" => [{
-          "id" => "metric_of_ages",
-          "unit" => "count",
-          "label" => "Metric of Ages",
-          "query_range" => "http_requests_total"
-        }]
-      }]
-    }
-  end
-
-  describe '.from_json' do
-    subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-    it 'creates a PrometheusPanelGroup object' do
-      expect(subject).to be_a described_class
-      expect(subject.group).to eq(json_content['group'])
-      expect(subject.panels).to all(be_a PerformanceMonitoring::PrometheusPanel)
-    end
-
-    describe 'validations' do
-      context 'json_content is not a hash' do
-        let(:json_content) { nil }
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-
-      context 'when group is missing' do
-        before do
-          json_content.delete('group')
-        end
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-
-      context 'when panels are missing' do
-        before do
-          json_content['panels'] = []
-        end
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_spec.rb b/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 42dcbbdb8e0..00000000000
--- a/spec/models/performance_monitoring/prometheus_panel_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'spec_helper'
-
-RSpec.describe PerformanceMonitoring::PrometheusPanel do
-  let(:json_content) do
-    {
-      "max_value" => 1,
-      "type" => "area-chart",
-      "title" => "Chart Title",
-      "y_label" => "Y-Axis",
-      "weight" => 1,
-      "metrics" => [{
-        "id" => "metric_of_ages",
-        "unit" => "count",
-        "label" => "Metric of Ages",
-        "query_range" => "http_requests_total"
-      }]
-    }
-  end
-
-  describe '#new' do
-    it 'accepts old schema format' do
-      expect { described_class.new(json_content) }.not_to raise_error
-    end
-
-    it 'accepts new schema format' do
-      expect { described_class.new(json_content.merge("y_axis" => { "precision" => 0 })) }.not_to raise_error
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe '.from_json' do
-    subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-    it 'creates a PrometheusPanelGroup object' do
-      expect(subject).to be_a described_class
-      expect(subject.type).to eq(json_content['type'])
-      expect(subject.title).to eq(json_content['title'])
-      expect(subject.y_label).to eq(json_content['y_label'])
-      expect(subject.weight).to eq(json_content['weight'])
-      expect(subject.metrics).to all(be_a PerformanceMonitoring::PrometheusMetric)
-    end
-
-    describe 'validations' do
-      context 'json_content is not a hash' do
-        let(:json_content) { nil }
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-
-      context 'when title is missing' do
-        before do
-          json_content['title'] = nil
-        end
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-
-      context 'when metrics are missing' do
-        before do
-          json_content.delete('metrics')
-        end
-
-        subject { described_class.from_json(json_content) }
-
-        it { expect { subject }.to raise_error(ActiveModel::ValidationError) }
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe '.id' do
-    it 'returns hexdigest of group_title, type and title as the panel id' do
-      group_title = 'Business Group'
-      panel_type  = 'area-chart'
-      panel_title = 'New feature requests made'
-
-      expect(Digest::SHA2).to receive(:hexdigest).with("#{group_title}#{panel_type}#{panel_title}").and_return('hexdigest')
-      expect(described_class.new(title: panel_title, type: panel_type).id(group_title)).to eql 'hexdigest'
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/models/plan_spec.rb b/spec/models/plan_spec.rb
index 73e88a17e24..fe3365ca78f 100644
--- a/spec/models/plan_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/plan_spec.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,18 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Plan do
+  describe 'scopes', :aggregate_failures do
+    let_it_be(:default_plan) { create(:default_plan) }
+
+    describe '.by_name' do
+      it 'returns plans by their name' do
+        expect(described_class.by_name('default')).to match_array([default_plan])
+        expect(described_class.by_name(%w[default unknown])).to match_array([default_plan])
+        expect(described_class.by_name(nil)).to be_empty
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#default?' do
     subject { plan.default? }
 
diff --git a/spec/models/pool_repository_spec.rb b/spec/models/pool_repository_spec.rb
index 93c1e59458d..bafda406774 100644
--- a/spec/models/pool_repository_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/pool_repository_spec.rb
@@ -13,15 +13,17 @@ RSpec.describe PoolRepository, feature_category: :source_code_management do
     let!(:pool_repository) { create(:pool_repository) }
 
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:shard) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:source_project) }
   end
 
   describe 'scopes' do
     let_it_be(:project1) { create(:project) }
     let_it_be(:project2) { create(:project) }
     let_it_be(:new_shard) { create(:shard, name: 'new') }
-    let_it_be(:pool_repository1) { create(:pool_repository, source_project: project1) }
-    let_it_be(:pool_repository2) { create(:pool_repository, source_project: project1, shard: new_shard) }
+    let_it_be(:pool_repository1) { create(:pool_repository, source_project: project1, disk_path: 'disk_path') }
+    let_it_be(:pool_repository2) do
+      create(:pool_repository, source_project: project1, disk_path: 'disk_path', shard: new_shard)
+    end
+
     let_it_be(:another_pool_repository) { create(:pool_repository, source_project: project2) }
 
     describe '.by_source_project' do
@@ -32,8 +34,8 @@ RSpec.describe PoolRepository, feature_category: :source_code_management do
       end
     end
 
-    describe '.by_source_project_and_shard_name' do
-      subject { described_class.by_source_project_and_shard_name(project1, new_shard.name) }
+    describe '.by_disk_path_and_shard_name' do
+      subject { described_class.by_disk_path_and_shard_name('disk_path', new_shard.name) }
 
       it 'returns only a requested pool repository' do
         is_expected.to match_array([pool_repository2])
@@ -91,4 +93,38 @@ RSpec.describe PoolRepository, feature_category: :source_code_management do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#object_pool' do
+    subject { pool.object_pool }
+
+    let(:pool) { build(:pool_repository, :ready, source_project: project, disk_path: disk_path) }
+    let(:project) { build(:project) }
+    let(:disk_path) { 'disk_path' }
+
+    it 'returns an object pool instance' do
+      is_expected.to be_a_kind_of(Gitlab::Git::ObjectPool)
+
+      is_expected.to have_attributes(
+        storage: pool.shard.name,
+        relative_path: "#{pool.disk_path}.git",
+        source_repository: pool.source_project.repository.raw,
+        gl_project_path: pool.source_project.full_path
+      )
+    end
+
+    context 'when source project is missing' do
+      let(:project) { nil }
+
+      it 'returns an object pool instance' do
+        is_expected.to be_a_kind_of(Gitlab::Git::ObjectPool)
+
+        is_expected.to have_attributes(
+          storage: pool.shard.name,
+          relative_path: "#{pool.disk_path}.git",
+          source_repository: nil,
+          gl_project_path: nil
+        )
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/project_authorization_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_authorization_spec.rb
index 2ba7f5c4ca4..9fed05342aa 100644
--- a/spec/models/project_authorization_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/project_authorization_spec.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,23 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe ProjectAuthorization, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
+  describe 'create' do
+    let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
+    let_it_be(:project_1) { create(:project) }
+
+    let(:project_auth) do
+      build(
+        :project_authorization,
+        user: user,
+        project: project_1
+      )
+    end
+
+    it 'sets is_unique' do
+      expect { project_auth.save! }.to change { project_auth.is_unique }.to(true)
+    end
+  end
+
   describe 'unique user, project authorizations' do
     let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
     let_it_be(:project_1) { create(:project) }
@@ -65,6 +82,26 @@ RSpec.describe ProjectAuthorization, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
     it { is_expected.to validate_inclusion_of(:access_level).in_array(Gitlab::Access.all_values) }
   end
 
+  describe 'scopes' do
+    describe '.non_guests' do
+      let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
+      let_it_be(:project_original_owner_authorization) { project.owner.project_authorizations.first }
+      let_it_be(:project_authorization_guest) { create(:project_authorization, :guest, project: project) }
+      let_it_be(:project_authorization_reporter) { create(:project_authorization, :reporter, project: project) }
+      let_it_be(:project_authorization_developer) { create(:project_authorization, :developer, project: project) }
+      let_it_be(:project_authorization_maintainer) { create(:project_authorization, :maintainer, project: project) }
+      let_it_be(:project_authorization_owner) { create(:project_authorization, :owner, project: project) }
+
+      it 'returns all records which are greater than Guests access' do
+        expect(described_class.non_guests.map(&:attributes)).to match_array([
+          project_authorization_reporter, project_authorization_developer,
+          project_authorization_maintainer, project_authorization_owner,
+          project_original_owner_authorization
+        ].map(&:attributes))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '.insert_all' do
     let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
     let_it_be(:project_1) { create(:project) }
diff --git a/spec/models/project_authorizations/changes_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_authorizations/changes_spec.rb
index d0718153d16..5f4dd963fb3 100644
--- a/spec/models/project_authorizations/changes_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/project_authorizations/changes_spec.rb
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ RSpec.describe ProjectAuthorizations::Changes, feature_category: :groups_and_pro
           apply_project_authorization_changes
 
           expect(user.project_authorizations.pluck(:user_id, :project_id,
-            :access_level)).to match_array(authorizations_to_add.map(&:values))
+            :access_level, :is_unique)).to match_array(authorizations_to_add.map(&:values))
         end
       end
 
@@ -101,7 +101,13 @@ RSpec.describe ProjectAuthorizations::Changes, feature_category: :groups_and_pro
           apply_project_authorization_changes
 
           expect(user.project_authorizations.pluck(:user_id, :project_id,
-            :access_level)).to match_array(authorizations_to_add.map(&:values))
+            :access_level, :is_unique)).to match_array(authorizations_to_add.map(&:values))
+        end
+
+        it 'writes is_unique' do
+          apply_project_authorization_changes
+
+          expect(user.project_authorizations.pluck(:is_unique)).to all(be(true))
         end
 
         it_behaves_like 'logs the detail', batch_size: 2
diff --git a/spec/models/project_ci_cd_setting_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_ci_cd_setting_spec.rb
index 0a818147bfc..1c53f6eae52 100644
--- a/spec/models/project_ci_cd_setting_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/project_ci_cd_setting_spec.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe ProjectCiCdSetting do
+RSpec.describe ProjectCiCdSetting, feature_category: :continuous_integration do
   using RSpec::Parameterized::TableSyntax
 
   describe 'validations' do
diff --git a/spec/models/project_feature_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_feature_spec.rb
index 48c9567ebb3..39e77df1900 100644
--- a/spec/models/project_feature_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/project_feature_spec.rb
@@ -437,4 +437,24 @@ RSpec.describe ProjectFeature, feature_category: :groups_and_projects do
     end
   end
   # rubocop:enable Gitlab/FeatureAvailableUsage
+
+  describe '#private?' do
+    where(:merge_requests_access_level, :expected_value) do
+      ProjectFeature::PUBLIC  | false
+      ProjectFeature::ENABLED | false
+      ProjectFeature::PRIVATE | true
+    end
+
+    with_them do
+      let(:project) { build_stubbed(:project) }
+
+      subject { project.project_feature.private?(:merge_requests) }
+
+      before do
+        project.project_feature.merge_requests_access_level = merge_requests_access_level
+      end
+
+      it { is_expected.to be(expected_value) }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/project_import_state_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_import_state_spec.rb
index 7ceb4931c4f..10f4791b216 100644
--- a/spec/models/project_import_state_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/project_import_state_spec.rb
@@ -125,6 +125,14 @@ RSpec.describe ProjectImportState, type: :model, feature_category: :importers do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#completed?' do
+    it { expect(described_class.new(status: :failed)).to be_completed }
+    it { expect(described_class.new(status: :finished)).to be_completed }
+    it { expect(described_class.new(status: :canceled)).to be_completed }
+    it { expect(described_class.new(status: :scheduled)).not_to be_completed }
+    it { expect(described_class.new(status: :started)).not_to be_completed }
+  end
+
   describe '#expire_etag_cache' do
     context 'when project import type has realtime changes endpoint' do
       before do
diff --git a/spec/models/project_metrics_setting_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_metrics_setting_spec.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 6639f9cb208..00000000000
--- a/spec/models/project_metrics_setting_spec.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'spec_helper'
-
-RSpec.describe ProjectMetricsSetting do
-  describe 'Associations' do
-    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project) }
-  end
-
-  describe 'Validations' do
-    context 'when external_dashboard_url is over 255 chars' do
-      before do
-        subject.external_dashboard_url = 'https://' + 'a' * 250
-      end
-
-      it 'fails validation' do
-        expect(subject).not_to be_valid
-        expect(subject.errors.messages[:external_dashboard_url])
-          .to include('is too long (maximum is 255 characters)')
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'with unsafe url' do
-      before do
-        subject.external_dashboard_url = %{https://replaceme.com/'><script>alert(document.cookie)</script>}
-      end
-
-      it { is_expected.to be_invalid }
-    end
-
-    context 'non ascii chars in external_dashboard_url' do
-      before do
-        subject.external_dashboard_url = 'http://gitlab.com/api/0/projects/project1/something€'
-      end
-
-      it { is_expected.to be_invalid }
-    end
-
-    context 'internal url in external_dashboard_url' do
-      before do
-        subject.external_dashboard_url = 'http://192.168.1.1'
-      end
-
-      it { is_expected.to be_valid }
-    end
-
-    context 'dashboard_timezone' do
-      it { is_expected.to define_enum_for(:dashboard_timezone).with_values({ local: 0, utc: 1 }) }
-
-      it 'defaults to local' do
-        expect(subject.dashboard_timezone).to eq('local')
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe '#dashboard_timezone=' do
-    it 'downcases string' do
-      subject.dashboard_timezone = 'UTC'
-
-      expect(subject.dashboard_timezone).to eq('utc')
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/spec/models/project_spec.rb b/spec/models/project_spec.rb
index 5d622b8eccd..aedfc7fca53 100644
--- a/spec/models/project_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/project_spec.rb
@@ -17,12 +17,14 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
   it_behaves_like 'ensures runners_token is prefixed', :project
 
   describe 'associations' do
+    it { is_expected.to belong_to(:organization) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:group) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:namespace) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:project_namespace).class_name('Namespaces::ProjectNamespace').with_foreign_key('project_namespace_id').inverse_of(:project) }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:creator).class_name('User') }
     it { is_expected.to belong_to(:pool_repository) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:users) }
+    it { is_expected.to have_many(:maintainers).through(:project_members).source(:user).conditions(members: { access_level: Gitlab::Access::MAINTAINER }) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:events) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:merge_requests) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:merge_request_metrics).class_name('MergeRequest::Metrics') }
@@ -139,11 +141,9 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:sourced_pipelines) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:source_pipelines) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:prometheus_alert_events) }
-    it { is_expected.to have_many(:self_managed_prometheus_alert_events) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:alert_management_alerts) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:alert_management_http_integrations) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:jira_imports) }
-    it { is_expected.to have_many(:metrics_users_starred_dashboards).inverse_of(:project) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:repository_storage_moves) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:reviews).inverse_of(:project) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:packages).class_name('Packages::Package') }
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:debian_distributions).class_name('Packages::Debian::ProjectDistribution').dependent(:destroy) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:npm_metadata_caches).class_name('Packages::Npm::MetadataCache') }
     it { is_expected.to have_one(:packages_cleanup_policy).class_name('Packages::Cleanup::Policy').inverse_of(:project) }
+    it { is_expected.to have_many(:package_protection_rules).class_name('Packages::Protection::Rule').inverse_of(:project) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:pipeline_artifacts).dependent(:restrict_with_error) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:terraform_states).class_name('Terraform::State').inverse_of(:project) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:timelogs) }
@@ -224,6 +225,23 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
       expect(project.lfs_objects.to_a).to eql([lfs_object])
     end
 
+    describe 'maintainers association' do
+      let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
+      let_it_be(:maintainer1) { create(:user) }
+      let_it_be(:maintainer2) { create(:user) }
+      let_it_be(:reporter) { create(:user) }
+
+      before do
+        project.add_maintainer(maintainer1)
+        project.add_maintainer(maintainer2)
+        project.add_reporter(reporter)
+      end
+
+      it 'returns only maintainers' do
+        expect(project.maintainers).to match_array([maintainer1, maintainer2])
+      end
+    end
+
     context 'after initialized' do
       it "has a project_feature" do
         expect(described_class.new.project_feature).to be_present
@@ -1140,6 +1158,7 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
           merge_pipelines_enabled
           merge_trains_enabled
           auto_rollback_enabled
+          merge_trains_skip_train_allowed
         )
       end
     end
@@ -2380,7 +2399,7 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     end
   end
 
-  describe '#service_desk_address' do
+  describe '#service_desk_address', feature_category: :service_desk do
     let_it_be(:project, reload: true) { create(:project, service_desk_enabled: true) }
 
     subject { project.service_desk_address }
@@ -2424,7 +2443,7 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
       end
 
       context 'when project_key is set' do
-        it 'returns custom address including the project_key' do
+        it 'returns Service Desk alias address including the project_key' do
           create(:service_desk_setting, project: project, project_key: 'key1')
 
           expect(subject).to eq("foo+#{project.full_path_slug}-key1@bar.com")
@@ -2432,11 +2451,35 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
       end
 
       context 'when project_key is not set' do
-        it 'returns custom address including the project full path' do
+        it 'returns Service Desk alias address including the project full path' do
           expect(subject).to eq("foo+#{project.full_path_slug}-#{project.project_id}-issue-@bar.com")
         end
       end
     end
+
+    context 'when custom email is enabled' do
+      let(:custom_email) { 'support@example.com' }
+
+      before do
+        setting = ServiceDeskSetting.new(project: project, custom_email: custom_email, custom_email_enabled: true)
+        allow(project).to receive(:service_desk_setting).and_return(setting)
+      end
+
+      it 'returns custom email address' do
+        expect(subject).to eq(custom_email)
+      end
+
+      context 'when feature flag service_desk_custom_email is disabled' do
+        before do
+          stub_feature_flags(service_desk_custom_email: false)
+        end
+
+        it 'returns custom email address' do
+          # Don't check for a specific value. Just make sure it's not the custom email
+          expect(subject).not_to eq(custom_email)
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe '.with_service_desk_key' do
@@ -3882,16 +3925,6 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     end
   end
 
-  describe '#mark_primary_write_location' do
-    let(:project) { create(:project) }
-
-    it 'marks the location with project ID' do
-      expect(ApplicationRecord.sticking).to receive(:mark_primary_write_location).with(:project, project.id)
-
-      project.mark_primary_write_location
-    end
-  end
-
   describe '#mark_stuck_remote_mirrors_as_failed!' do
     it 'fails stuck remote mirrors' do
       project = create(:project, :repository, :remote_mirror)
@@ -5086,7 +5119,7 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     subject { described_class.wrap_with_cte(projects) }
 
     it 'wrapped query matches original' do
-      expect(subject.to_sql).to match(/^WITH "projects_cte" AS #{Gitlab::Database::AsWithMaterialized.materialized_if_supported}/)
+      expect(subject.to_sql).to match(/^WITH "projects_cte" AS MATERIALIZED/)
       expect(subject).to match_array(projects)
     end
   end
@@ -6986,8 +7019,11 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     let_it_be_with_reload(:project) { create(:project, :empty_repo) }
     let_it_be(:shard_to) { create(:shard, name: 'test_second_storage') }
 
-    let!(:pool1) { create(:pool_repository, source_project: project) }
-    let!(:pool2) { create(:pool_repository, shard: shard_to, source_project: project) }
+    let(:disk_path1) { '@pool/aa/bb' }
+    let(:disk_path2) { disk_path1 }
+
+    let!(:pool1) { create(:pool_repository, disk_path: disk_path1, source_project: project) }
+    let!(:pool2) { create(:pool_repository, disk_path: disk_path2, shard: shard_to, source_project: project) }
     let(:project_pool) { pool1 }
     let(:repository_storage) { shard_to.name }
 
@@ -7045,6 +7081,14 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
         expect { swap_pool_repository! }.to raise_error(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound)
       end
     end
+
+    context 'when pool repository has a different disk path' do
+      let(:disk_path2) { '@pool/different' }
+
+      it 'raises record not found error' do
+        expect { swap_pool_repository! }.to raise_error(ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound)
+      end
+    end
   end
 
   describe '#leave_pool_repository' do
@@ -7412,17 +7456,6 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     end
   end
 
-  describe '#pages_lookup_path' do
-    let(:pages_domain) { build(:pages_domain) }
-    let(:project) { build(:project) }
-
-    it 'returns instance of Pages::LookupPath' do
-      expect(Pages::LookupPath).to receive(:new).with(project, domain: pages_domain, trim_prefix: 'mygroup').and_call_original
-
-      expect(project.pages_lookup_path(domain: pages_domain, trim_prefix: 'mygroup')).to be_a(Pages::LookupPath)
-    end
-  end
-
   describe '.with_pages_deployed' do
     it 'returns only projects that have pages deployed' do
       _project_without_pages = create(:project)
@@ -8088,14 +8121,6 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     it { is_expected.not_to include(user) }
   end
 
-  describe "#metrics_setting" do
-    let(:project) { build(:project) }
-
-    it 'creates setting if it does not exist' do
-      expect(project.metrics_setting).to be_an_instance_of(ProjectMetricsSetting)
-    end
-  end
-
   describe '#enabled_group_deploy_keys' do
     let_it_be(:project) { create(:project) }
 
@@ -9170,6 +9195,20 @@ RSpec.describe Project, factory_default: :keep, feature_category: :groups_and_pr
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#supports_lock_on_merge?' do
+    it_behaves_like 'checks self (project) and root ancestor feature flag' do
+      let(:feature_flag) { :enforce_locked_labels_on_merge }
+      let(:feature_flag_method) { :supports_lock_on_merge? }
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'with loose foreign key on organization_id' do
+    it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+      let_it_be(:parent) { create(:organization) }
+      let_it_be(:model) { create(:project, organization: parent) }
+    end
+  end
+
   private
 
   def finish_job(export_job)
diff --git a/spec/models/repository_spec.rb b/spec/models/repository_spec.rb
index ea229ddf31f..af7457c78e2 100644
--- a/spec/models/repository_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/repository_spec.rb
@@ -2113,6 +2113,17 @@ RSpec.describe Repository, feature_category: :source_code_management do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#update_refs' do
+    let(:expected_return) { 'updated' }
+    let(:params) { double }
+
+    it 'calls the update_refs method on the raw repo with the same params' do
+      expect(repository.raw_repository).to receive(:update_refs).with(params).and_return('updated')
+
+      expect(repository.update_refs(params)).to eq(expected_return)
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#ff_merge' do
     let(:target_branch) { 'ff-target' }
     let(:merge_request) do
@@ -2424,7 +2435,6 @@ RSpec.describe Repository, feature_category: :source_code_management do
           :has_visible_content?,
           :issue_template_names_hash,
           :merge_request_template_names_hash,
-          :user_defined_metrics_dashboard_paths,
           :xcode_project?,
           :has_ambiguous_refs?
         ]
@@ -3822,9 +3832,24 @@ RSpec.describe Repository, feature_category: :source_code_management do
       end
     end
 
+    context 'when one of the param is nonexistant' do
+      it 'returns nil' do
+        expect(repository.get_patch_id('HEAD', "f" * 40)).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+
     context 'when two revisions are the same' do
-      it 'raises an Gitlab::Git::CommandError error' do
-        expect { repository.get_patch_id('HEAD', 'HEAD') }.to raise_error(Gitlab::Git::CommandError)
+      it 'returns nil' do
+        expect(repository.get_patch_id('HEAD', 'HEAD')).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when a Gitlab::Git::CommandError is raised' do
+      it 'returns nil' do
+        expect(repository.raw_repository)
+          .to receive(:get_patch_id).and_raise(Gitlab::Git::CommandError)
+
+        expect(repository.get_patch_id('HEAD', "f" * 40)).to be_nil
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/models/resource_label_event_spec.rb b/spec/models/resource_label_event_spec.rb
index eb28010d57f..8cc89578e0e 100644
--- a/spec/models/resource_label_event_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/resource_label_event_spec.rb
@@ -52,24 +52,17 @@ RSpec.describe ResourceLabelEvent, feature_category: :team_planning, type: :mode
   end
 
   context 'callbacks' do
-    describe '#expire_etag_cache' do
-      def expect_expiration(issue)
-        expect_next_instance_of(Gitlab::EtagCaching::Store) do |instance|
-          expect(instance).to receive(:touch)
-            .with("/#{issue.project.namespace.to_param}/#{issue.project.to_param}/noteable/issue/#{issue.id}/notes")
-        end
-      end
-
-      it 'expires resource note etag cache on event save' do
-        expect_expiration(subject.issuable)
+    describe '#broadcast_notes_changed' do
+      it 'broadcasts note change on event save' do
+        expect(subject.issuable).to receive(:broadcast_notes_changed)
 
         subject.save!
       end
 
-      it 'expires resource note etag cache on event destroy' do
+      it 'broadcasts note change on event destroy' do
         subject.save!
 
-        expect_expiration(subject.issuable)
+        expect(subject.issuable).to receive(:broadcast_notes_changed)
 
         subject.destroy!
       end
diff --git a/spec/models/resource_state_event_spec.rb b/spec/models/resource_state_event_spec.rb
index de101107268..5bd8b664d23 100644
--- a/spec/models/resource_state_event_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/resource_state_event_spec.rb
@@ -58,11 +58,13 @@ RSpec.describe ResourceStateEvent, feature_category: :team_planning, type: :mode
           close_issue
         end
 
-        it_behaves_like 'issue_edit snowplow tracking' do
-          let(:property) { Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::IssueActivityUniqueCounter::ISSUE_CLOSED }
+        it_behaves_like 'internal event tracking' do
+          subject(:service_action) { close_issue }
+
+          let(:action) { Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::IssueActivityUniqueCounter::ISSUE_CLOSED }
           let(:project) { issue.project }
+          let(:namespace) { issue.project.namespace }
           let(:user) { issue.author }
-          subject(:service_action) { close_issue }
         end
       end
 
@@ -81,11 +83,13 @@ RSpec.describe ResourceStateEvent, feature_category: :team_planning, type: :mode
           reopen_issue
         end
 
-        it_behaves_like 'issue_edit snowplow tracking' do
-          let(:property) { Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::IssueActivityUniqueCounter::ISSUE_REOPENED }
+        it_behaves_like 'internal event tracking' do
+          subject(:service_action) { reopen_issue }
+
+          let(:action) { Gitlab::UsageDataCounters::IssueActivityUniqueCounter::ISSUE_REOPENED }
           let(:project) { issue.project }
           let(:user) { issue.author }
-          subject(:service_action) { reopen_issue }
+          let(:namespace) { issue.project.namespace }
         end
       end
 
diff --git a/spec/models/review_spec.rb b/spec/models/review_spec.rb
index 2683dc93a4b..75cdea5bca7 100644
--- a/spec/models/review_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/review_spec.rb
@@ -41,4 +41,23 @@ RSpec.describe Review do
       expect(review.participants).to include(review.author)
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#from_merge_request_author?' do
+    let(:merge_request) { build_stubbed(:merge_request) }
+    let(:review) { build_stubbed(:review, merge_request: merge_request, author: author) }
+
+    subject(:from_merge_request_author?) { review.from_merge_request_author? }
+
+    context 'when review author is the merge request author' do
+      let(:author) { merge_request.author }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(true) }
+    end
+
+    context 'when review author is not the merge request author' do
+      let(:author) { build_stubbed(:user) }
+
+      it { is_expected.to eq(false) }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/route_spec.rb b/spec/models/route_spec.rb
index 0bdaa4994e5..aa5fc231e14 100644
--- a/spec/models/route_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/route_spec.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 require 'spec_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Route do
+  include LooseForeignKeysHelper
+
   let(:group) { create(:group, path: 'git_lab', name: 'git_lab') }
   let(:route) { group.route }
 
@@ -285,6 +287,7 @@ RSpec.describe Route do
 
           expect do
             Group.delete(conflicting_group) # delete group with conflicting route
+            process_loose_foreign_key_deletions(record: conflicting_group)
           end.to change { described_class.count }.by(-1)
 
           # check the conflicting route is gone
@@ -305,4 +308,11 @@ RSpec.describe Route do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  context 'with loose foreign key on routes.namespace_id' do
+    it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+      let!(:parent) { create(:namespace) }
+      let!(:model) { parent.route }
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/snippet_repository_spec.rb b/spec/models/snippet_repository_spec.rb
index c2fbede8ea9..8048f255272 100644
--- a/spec/models/snippet_repository_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/snippet_repository_spec.rb
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ RSpec.describe SnippetRepository do
       it_behaves_like 'snippet repository with git errors', 'README', described_class::CommitError
 
       context 'when user name is invalid' do
-        let(:user) { create(:user, name: '.') }
+        let(:user) { create(:user, name: ',') }
 
         it_behaves_like 'snippet repository with git errors', 'non_existing_file', described_class::InvalidSignatureError
       end
diff --git a/spec/models/user_custom_attribute_spec.rb b/spec/models/user_custom_attribute_spec.rb
index 7d3806fcdfa..4c27e8d8944 100644
--- a/spec/models/user_custom_attribute_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/user_custom_attribute_spec.rb
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ RSpec.describe UserCustomAttribute, feature_category: :user_profile do
     it 'adds the abuse report ID to user custom attributes' do
       subject
 
-      custom_attribute = user.custom_attributes.by_key(UserCustomAttribute::AUTO_BANNED_BY_ABUSE_REPORT_ID).first
-      expect(custom_attribute.value).to eq(abuse_report.id.to_s)
+      custom_attribute = user.custom_attributes.by_key(UserCustomAttribute::AUTO_BANNED_BY_ABUSE_REPORT_ID)
+      expect(custom_attribute.map(&:value)).to match([abuse_report.id.to_s])
     end
 
     context 'when abuse report is nil' do
@@ -65,6 +65,31 @@ RSpec.describe UserCustomAttribute, feature_category: :user_profile do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '.set_banned_by_spam_log' do
+    let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
+    let(:spam_log) { create(:spam_log, user: user) }
+
+    subject { described_class.set_banned_by_spam_log(spam_log) }
+
+    it 'adds the spam log ID to user custom attributes' do
+      subject
+
+      custom_attribute = user.custom_attributes.by_key(UserCustomAttribute::AUTO_BANNED_BY_SPAM_LOG_ID)
+      expect(custom_attribute.map(&:value)).to match([spam_log.id.to_s])
+    end
+
+    context 'when the spam log is nil' do
+      let(:spam_log) { nil }
+
+      it 'does not update custom attributes' do
+        subject
+
+        custom_attribute = user.custom_attributes.by_key(UserCustomAttribute::AUTO_BANNED_BY_SPAM_LOG_ID).first
+        expect(custom_attribute).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#upsert_custom_attributes' do
     subject { described_class.upsert_custom_attributes(custom_attributes) }
 
diff --git a/spec/models/user_preference_spec.rb b/spec/models/user_preference_spec.rb
index 729635b5a27..401a85e2f82 100644
--- a/spec/models/user_preference_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/user_preference_spec.rb
@@ -238,6 +238,20 @@ RSpec.describe UserPreference, feature_category: :user_profile do
     end
   end
 
+  describe '#keyboard_shortcuts_enabled' do
+    it 'is set to true by default' do
+      pref = described_class.new
+
+      expect(pref.keyboard_shortcuts_enabled).to eq(true)
+    end
+
+    it 'returns assigned value' do
+      pref = described_class.new(keyboard_shortcuts_enabled: false)
+
+      expect(pref.keyboard_shortcuts_enabled).to eq(false)
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '#render_whitespace_in_code' do
     it 'is set to false by default' do
       pref = described_class.new
diff --git a/spec/models/user_spec.rb b/spec/models/user_spec.rb
index 788600194a5..c611c3c26e3 100644
--- a/spec/models/user_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/user_spec.rb
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
     it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:project_shortcut_buttons).to(:user_preference) }
     it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:project_shortcut_buttons=).to(:user_preference).with_arguments(:args) }
 
+    it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:keyboard_shortcuts_enabled).to(:user_preference) }
+    it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:keyboard_shortcuts_enabled=).to(:user_preference).with_arguments(:args) }
+
     it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:render_whitespace_in_code).to(:user_preference) }
     it { is_expected.to delegate_method(:render_whitespace_in_code=).to(:user_preference).with_arguments(:args) }
 
@@ -168,7 +171,6 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:abuse_events).class_name('Abuse::Event').inverse_of(:user) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:custom_attributes).class_name('UserCustomAttribute') }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:releases).dependent(:nullify) }
-    it { is_expected.to have_many(:metrics_users_starred_dashboards).inverse_of(:user) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:reviews).inverse_of(:author) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:merge_request_assignees).inverse_of(:assignee) }
     it { is_expected.to have_many(:merge_request_reviewers).inverse_of(:reviewer) }
@@ -2093,6 +2095,7 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
     it 'uses SecureRandom to generate the incoming email token' do
       allow_next_instance_of(User) do |user|
         allow(user).to receive(:update_highest_role)
+        allow(user).to receive(:associate_with_enterprise_group)
       end
 
       allow_next_instance_of(Namespaces::UserNamespace) do |namespace|
@@ -2906,7 +2909,7 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
       it 'applies defaults to user' do
         expect(user.projects_limit).to eq(123)
         expect(user.can_create_group).to be_falsey
-        expect(user.theme_id).to eq(1)
+        expect(user.theme_id).to eq(3)
       end
 
       it 'does not undo projects_limit setting if it matches old DB default of 10' do
@@ -5343,56 +5346,6 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
     end
   end
 
-  describe '.ghost' do
-    it "creates a ghost user if one isn't already present" do
-      ghost = described_class.ghost
-
-      expect(ghost).to be_ghost
-      expect(ghost).to be_persisted
-      expect(ghost.namespace).not_to be_nil
-      expect(ghost.namespace).to be_persisted
-      expect(ghost.user_type).to eq 'ghost'
-    end
-
-    it 'does not create a second ghost user if one is already present' do
-      expect do
-        described_class.ghost
-        described_class.ghost
-      end.to change { described_class.count }.by(1)
-      expect(described_class.ghost).to eq(described_class.ghost)
-    end
-
-    context "when a regular user exists with the username 'ghost'" do
-      it 'creates a ghost user with a non-conflicting username' do
-        create(:user, username: 'ghost')
-        ghost = described_class.ghost
-
-        expect(ghost).to be_persisted
-        expect(ghost.username).to eq('ghost1')
-      end
-    end
-
-    context "when a regular user exists with the email 'ghost@example.com'" do
-      it 'creates a ghost user with a non-conflicting email' do
-        create(:user, email: 'ghost@example.com')
-        ghost = described_class.ghost
-
-        expect(ghost).to be_persisted
-        expect(ghost.email).to eq('ghost1@example.com')
-      end
-    end
-
-    context 'when a domain allowlist is in place' do
-      before do
-        stub_application_setting(domain_allowlist: ['gitlab.com'])
-      end
-
-      it 'creates a ghost user' do
-        expect(described_class.ghost).to be_persisted
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
   describe '#update_two_factor_requirement' do
     let(:user) { create :user }
 
@@ -6088,7 +6041,7 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
           it 'creates an abuse report with the correct data' do
             expect { subject }.to change { AbuseReport.count }.from(0).to(1)
             expect(AbuseReport.last.attributes).to include({
-              reporter_id: described_class.security_bot.id,
+              reporter_id: Users::Internal.security_bot.id,
               user_id: user.id,
               category: "spam",
               message: 'Potential spammer account deletion'
@@ -6109,7 +6062,9 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
           end
 
           context 'when there is an existing abuse report' do
-            let!(:abuse_report) { create(:abuse_report, user: user, reporter: described_class.security_bot, message: 'Existing') }
+            let!(:abuse_report) do
+              create(:abuse_report, user: user, reporter: Users::Internal.security_bot, message: 'Existing')
+            end
 
             it 'updates the abuse report' do
               subject
@@ -7535,66 +7490,6 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
     end
   end
 
-  context 'bot users' do
-    shared_examples 'bot users' do |bot_type|
-      it 'creates the user if it does not exist' do
-        expect do
-          described_class.public_send(bot_type)
-        end.to change { User.where(user_type: bot_type).count }.by(1)
-      end
-
-      it 'creates a route for the namespace of the created user' do
-        bot_user = described_class.public_send(bot_type)
-
-        expect(bot_user.namespace.route).to be_present
-      end
-
-      it 'does not create a new user if it already exists' do
-        described_class.public_send(bot_type)
-
-        expect do
-          described_class.public_send(bot_type)
-        end.not_to change { User.count }
-      end
-    end
-
-    shared_examples 'bot user avatars' do |bot_type, avatar_filename|
-      it 'sets the custom avatar for the created bot' do
-        bot_user = described_class.public_send(bot_type)
-
-        expect(bot_user.avatar.url).to be_present
-        expect(bot_user.avatar.filename).to eq(avatar_filename)
-      end
-    end
-
-    it_behaves_like 'bot users', :alert_bot
-    it_behaves_like 'bot users', :support_bot
-    it_behaves_like 'bot users', :migration_bot
-    it_behaves_like 'bot users', :security_bot
-    it_behaves_like 'bot users', :ghost
-    it_behaves_like 'bot users', :automation_bot
-    it_behaves_like 'bot users', :admin_bot
-
-    it_behaves_like 'bot user avatars', :alert_bot, 'alert-bot.png'
-    it_behaves_like 'bot user avatars', :support_bot, 'support-bot.png'
-    it_behaves_like 'bot user avatars', :security_bot, 'security-bot.png'
-    it_behaves_like 'bot user avatars', :automation_bot, 'support-bot.png'
-    it_behaves_like 'bot user avatars', :admin_bot, 'admin-bot.png'
-
-    context 'when bot is the support_bot' do
-      subject { described_class.support_bot }
-
-      it { is_expected.to be_confirmed }
-    end
-
-    context 'when bot is the admin bot' do
-      subject { described_class.admin_bot }
-
-      it { is_expected.to be_admin }
-      it { is_expected.to be_confirmed }
-    end
-  end
-
   describe '#confirmation_required_on_sign_in?' do
     subject { user.confirmation_required_on_sign_in? }
 
@@ -7868,7 +7763,7 @@ RSpec.describe User, feature_category: :user_profile do
     let_it_be(:external_user) { create(:user, :external) }
     let_it_be(:unconfirmed_user) { create(:user, confirmed_at: nil) }
     let_it_be(:omniauth_user) { create(:omniauth_user, provider: 'twitter', extern_uid: '123456') }
-    let_it_be(:internal_user) { User.alert_bot.tap { |u| u.confirm } }
+    let_it_be(:internal_user) { Users::Internal.alert_bot.tap { |u| u.confirm } }
 
     it 'does not return blocked or banned users' do
       expect(described_class.without_forbidden_states).to match_array(
diff --git a/spec/models/users/credit_card_validation_spec.rb b/spec/models/users/credit_card_validation_spec.rb
index 4db3683c057..486d1c6d3ea 100644
--- a/spec/models/users/credit_card_validation_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/users/credit_card_validation_spec.rb
@@ -2,14 +2,19 @@
 
 require 'spec_helper'
 
-RSpec.describe Users::CreditCardValidation do
+RSpec.describe Users::CreditCardValidation, feature_category: :user_profile do
   it { is_expected.to belong_to(:user) }
 
   it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:holder_name).is_at_most(50) }
   it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:network).is_at_most(32) }
   it { is_expected.to validate_numericality_of(:last_digits).is_less_than_or_equal_to(9999) }
 
-  describe '.similar_records' do
+  it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:last_digits_hash).is_at_most(44) }
+  it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:holder_name_hash).is_at_most(44) }
+  it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:expiration_date_hash).is_at_most(44) }
+  it { is_expected.to validate_length_of(:network_hash).is_at_most(44) }
+
+  describe '#similar_records' do
     let(:card_details) do
       subject.attributes.with_indifferent_access.slice(:expiration_date, :last_digits, :network, :holder_name)
     end
@@ -53,6 +58,22 @@ RSpec.describe Users::CreditCardValidation do
   end
 
   describe 'scopes' do
+    describe '.find_or_initialize_by_user' do
+      subject(:find_or_initialize_by_user) { described_class.find_or_initialize_by_user(user.id) }
+
+      let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
+
+      context 'with no existing credit card record' do
+        it { is_expected.to be_a_new_record }
+      end
+
+      context 'with existing credit card record' do
+        let_it_be(:credit_card_validation) { create(:credit_card_validation, user: user) }
+
+        it { is_expected.to eq(credit_card_validation) }
+      end
+    end
+
     describe '.by_banned_user' do
       let(:banned_user) { create(:banned_user) }
       let!(:credit_card) { create(:credit_card_validation) }
@@ -154,4 +175,122 @@ RSpec.describe Users::CreditCardValidation do
       it { is_expected.not_to be_used_by_banned_user }
     end
   end
+
+  describe 'before_save' do
+    describe '#set_last_digits_hash' do
+      let(:credit_card_validation) { build(:credit_card_validation, last_digits: last_digits) }
+
+      subject(:save_credit_card_validation) { credit_card_validation.save! }
+
+      context 'when last_digits are nil' do
+        let(:last_digits) { nil }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.last_digits_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when last_digits has a blank value' do
+        let(:last_digits) { ' ' }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.last_digits_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when last_digits has a value' do
+        let(:last_digits) { 1111 }
+        let(:expected_last_digits_hash) { Gitlab::CryptoHelper.sha256(last_digits) }
+
+        it 'assigns correct last_digits_hash value' do
+          expect { save_credit_card_validation }.to change {
+                                                      credit_card_validation.last_digits_hash
+                                                    }.from(nil).to(expected_last_digits_hash)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe '#set_holder_name_hash' do
+      let(:credit_card_validation) { build(:credit_card_validation, holder_name: holder_name) }
+
+      subject(:save_credit_card_validation) { credit_card_validation.save! }
+
+      context 'when holder_name is nil' do
+        let(:holder_name) { nil }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.holder_name_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when holder_name has a blank value' do
+        let(:holder_name) { ' ' }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.holder_name_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when holder_name has a value' do
+        let(:holder_name) { 'John Smith' }
+        let(:expected_holder_name_hash) { Gitlab::CryptoHelper.sha256(holder_name.downcase) }
+
+        it 'lowercases holder_name and assigns correct holder_name_hash value' do
+          expect { save_credit_card_validation }.to change {
+                                                      credit_card_validation.holder_name_hash
+                                                    }.from(nil).to(expected_holder_name_hash)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe '#set_network_hash' do
+      let(:credit_card_validation) { build(:credit_card_validation, network: network) }
+
+      subject(:save_credit_card_validation) { credit_card_validation.save! }
+
+      context 'when network is nil' do
+        let(:network) { nil }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.network_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when network has a blank value' do
+        let(:network) { ' ' }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.network_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when network has a value' do
+        let(:network) { 'Visa' }
+        let(:expected_network_hash) { Gitlab::CryptoHelper.sha256(network.downcase) }
+
+        it 'lowercases network and assigns correct network_hash value' do
+          expect { save_credit_card_validation }.to change {
+                                                      credit_card_validation.network_hash
+                                                    }.from(nil).to(expected_network_hash)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe '#set_expiration_date_hash' do
+      let(:credit_card_validation) { build(:credit_card_validation, expiration_date: expiration_date) }
+
+      subject(:save_credit_card_validation) { credit_card_validation.save! }
+
+      context 'when expiration_date is nil' do
+        let(:expiration_date) { nil }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.expiration_date_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when expiration_date has a blank value' do
+        let(:expiration_date) { ' ' }
+
+        it { expect { save_credit_card_validation }.not_to change { credit_card_validation.expiration_date_hash } }
+      end
+
+      context 'when expiration_date has a value' do
+        let(:expiration_date) { 1.year.from_now.to_date }
+        let(:expected_expiration_date_hash) { Gitlab::CryptoHelper.sha256(expiration_date.to_s) }
+
+        it 'assigns correct expiration_date_hash value' do
+          expect { save_credit_card_validation }.to change {
+                                                      credit_card_validation.expiration_date_hash
+                                                    }.from(nil).to(expected_expiration_date_hash)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/users/group_visit_spec.rb b/spec/models/users/group_visit_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..63c4631ad7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/users/group_visit_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Users::GroupVisit, feature_category: :navigation do
+  let_it_be(:entity) { create(:group) }
+  let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
+  let_it_be(:base_time) { DateTime.now }
+
+  before do
+    described_class.create!(entity_id: entity.id, user_id: user.id, visited_at: base_time)
+  end
+
+  it_behaves_like 'namespace visits model'
+
+  it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+    let!(:model) { create(:group_visit, entity_id: entity.id, user_id: user.id, visited_at: base_time) }
+    let!(:parent) { entity }
+  end
+
+  it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+    let!(:model) { create(:group_visit, entity_id: entity.id, user_id: user.id, visited_at: base_time) }
+    let!(:parent) { user }
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/users/project_visit_spec.rb b/spec/models/users/project_visit_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..38747bd6462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/models/users/project_visit_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe Users::ProjectVisit, feature_category: :navigation do
+  let_it_be(:entity) { create(:project) }
+  let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
+  let_it_be(:base_time) { DateTime.now }
+
+  before do
+    described_class.create!(entity_id: entity.id, user_id: user.id, visited_at: base_time)
+  end
+
+  it_behaves_like 'namespace visits model'
+
+  it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+    let!(:model) { create(:project_visit, entity_id: entity.id, user_id: user.id, visited_at: base_time) }
+    let!(:parent) { entity }
+  end
+
+  it_behaves_like 'cleanup by a loose foreign key' do
+    let!(:model) { create(:project_visit, entity_id: entity.id, user_id: user.id, visited_at: base_time) }
+    let!(:parent) { user }
+  end
+end
diff --git a/spec/models/work_item_spec.rb b/spec/models/work_item_spec.rb
index 541199e08cb..4b675faf99e 100644
--- a/spec/models/work_item_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/work_item_spec.rb
@@ -165,7 +165,8 @@ RSpec.describe WorkItem, feature_category: :portfolio_management do
     subject { work_item.supported_quick_action_commands }
 
     it 'returns quick action commands supported for all work items' do
-      is_expected.to include(:title, :reopen, :close, :cc, :tableflip, :shrug, :type, :promote_to)
+      is_expected.to include(:title, :reopen, :close, :cc, :tableflip, :shrug, :type, :promote_to, :checkin_reminder,
+        :subscribe, :unsubscribe, :confidential, :award)
     end
 
     context 'when work item supports the assignee widget' do
@@ -635,4 +636,82 @@ RSpec.describe WorkItem, feature_category: :portfolio_management do
       end
     end
   end
+
+  describe '#linked_work_items' do
+    let_it_be(:user) { create(:user) }
+    let_it_be(:authorized_project) { create(:project) }
+    let_it_be(:authorized_project2) { create(:project) }
+    let_it_be(:unauthorized_project) { create(:project, :private) }
+
+    let_it_be(:authorized_item_a) { create(:work_item, project: authorized_project) }
+    let_it_be(:authorized_item_b) { create(:work_item, project: authorized_project) }
+    let_it_be(:authorized_item_c) { create(:work_item, project: authorized_project2) }
+    let_it_be(:unauthorized_item) { create(:work_item, project: unauthorized_project) }
+
+    let_it_be(:work_item_link_a) { create(:work_item_link, source: authorized_item_a, target: authorized_item_b) }
+    let_it_be(:work_item_link_b) { create(:work_item_link, source: authorized_item_a, target: unauthorized_item) }
+    let_it_be(:work_item_link_c) { create(:work_item_link, source: authorized_item_a, target: authorized_item_c) }
+
+    before_all do
+      authorized_project.add_guest(user)
+      authorized_project2.add_guest(user)
+    end
+
+    it 'returns only authorized linked work items for given user' do
+      expect(authorized_item_a.linked_work_items(user)).to contain_exactly(authorized_item_b, authorized_item_c)
+    end
+
+    it 'returns work items with valid work_item_link_type' do
+      link_types = authorized_item_a.linked_work_items(user).map(&:issue_link_type)
+
+      expect(link_types).not_to be_empty
+      expect(link_types).not_to include(nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'returns work items including the link creation time' do
+      dates = authorized_item_a.linked_work_items(user).map(&:issue_link_created_at)
+
+      expect(dates).not_to be_empty
+      expect(dates).not_to include(nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'returns work items including the link update time' do
+      dates = authorized_item_a.linked_work_items(user).map(&:issue_link_updated_at)
+
+      expect(dates).not_to be_empty
+      expect(dates).not_to include(nil)
+    end
+
+    context 'when a user cannot read cross project' do
+      it 'only returns work items within the same project' do
+        allow(Ability).to receive(:allowed?).with(user, :read_all_resources, :global).and_call_original
+        expect(Ability).to receive(:allowed?).with(user, :read_cross_project).and_return(false)
+
+        expect(authorized_item_a.linked_work_items(user)).to contain_exactly(authorized_item_b)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when filtering by link type' do
+      before do
+        work_item_link_c.update!(link_type: 'blocks')
+      end
+
+      it 'returns authorized work items with given link type' do
+        expect(authorized_item_a.linked_work_items(user, link_type: 'relates_to')).to contain_exactly(authorized_item_b)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when authorize option is true and current_user is nil' do
+      it 'returns empty result' do
+        expect(authorized_item_a.linked_work_items).to be_empty
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when authorize option is false' do
+      it 'returns all work items linked to the work item' do
+        expect(authorized_item_a.linked_work_items(authorize: false))
+          .to contain_exactly(authorized_item_b, authorized_item_c, unauthorized_item)
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/work_items/related_work_item_link_spec.rb b/spec/models/work_items/related_work_item_link_spec.rb
index 349e4c0ba49..3217ac52489 100644
--- a/spec/models/work_items/related_work_item_link_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/work_items/related_work_item_link_spec.rb
@@ -21,6 +21,46 @@ RSpec.describe WorkItems::RelatedWorkItemLink, type: :model, feature_category: :
     let_it_be(:item_type) { described_class.issuable_name }
   end
 
+  describe 'validations' do
+    let_it_be(:task1) { create(:work_item, :task, project: project) }
+    let_it_be(:task2) { create(:work_item, :task, project: project) }
+    let_it_be(:task3) { create(:work_item, :task, project: project) }
+
+    subject(:link) { build(:work_item_link, source_id: task1.id, target_id: task2.id) }
+
+    describe '#validate_max_number_of_links' do
+      shared_examples 'invalid due to exceeding max number of links' do
+        let(:error_msg) { 'This work item would exceed the maximum number of linked items.' }
+
+        before do
+          create(:work_item_link, source: source, target: target)
+          stub_const("#{described_class}::MAX_LINKS_COUNT", 1)
+        end
+
+        specify do
+          is_expected.to be_invalid
+          expect(link.errors.messages[error_item]).to include(error_msg)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when source exceeds max' do
+        let(:source) { task1 }
+        let(:target) { task3 }
+        let(:error_item) { :source }
+
+        it_behaves_like 'invalid due to exceeding max number of links'
+      end
+
+      context 'when target exceeds max' do
+        let(:source) { task2 }
+        let(:target) { task3 }
+        let(:error_item) { :target }
+
+        it_behaves_like 'invalid due to exceeding max number of links'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   describe '.issuable_type' do
     it { expect(described_class.issuable_type).to eq(:issue) }
   end
diff --git a/spec/models/work_items/widgets/description_spec.rb b/spec/models/work_items/widgets/description_spec.rb
index c24dc9cfb9c..a089cc32ecd 100644
--- a/spec/models/work_items/widgets/description_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/work_items/widgets/description_spec.rb
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ RSpec.describe WorkItems::Widgets::Description do
           work_item.update!(last_edited_by: nil)
         end
 
-        it { is_expected.to eq(User.ghost) }
+        it { is_expected.to eq(Users::Internal.ghost) }
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/spec/models/work_items/widgets/linked_items_spec.rb b/spec/models/work_items/widgets/linked_items_spec.rb
index b4a53b75561..fb3001b286b 100644
--- a/spec/models/work_items/widgets/linked_items_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/work_items/widgets/linked_items_spec.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ RSpec.describe WorkItems::Widgets::LinkedItems, feature_category: :portfolio_man
     it { is_expected.to eq(:linked_items) }
   end
 
-  describe '#related_issues' do
-    it { expect(described_class.new(work_item).related_issues(user)).to eq(work_item.related_issues(user)) }
+  describe '#linked_work_items' do
+    it { expect(described_class.new(work_item).linked_work_items(user)).to eq(work_item.linked_work_items(user)) }
   end
 end
diff --git a/spec/models/x509_certificate_spec.rb b/spec/models/x509_certificate_spec.rb
index 5723bd80739..a550b2caa44 100644
--- a/spec/models/x509_certificate_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/x509_certificate_spec.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ require 'spec_helper'
 RSpec.describe X509Certificate do
   describe 'validation' do
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:subject_key_identifier) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:subject) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:email) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:serial_number) }
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:x509_issuer_id) }
diff --git a/spec/models/x509_issuer_spec.rb b/spec/models/x509_issuer_spec.rb
index 3d04adf7e26..31470a443a2 100644
--- a/spec/models/x509_issuer_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/x509_issuer_spec.rb
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ require 'spec_helper'
 RSpec.describe X509Issuer do
   describe 'validation' do
     it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:subject_key_identifier) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:subject) }
-    it { is_expected.to validate_presence_of(:crl_url) }
   end
 
   describe '.safe_create!' do
-- 
cgit v1.2.3