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-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/ChangeLog112
-rwxr-xr-xwinsup/utils/configure50
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/configure.ac7
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/cygcheck.cc7
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/getfacl.c10
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/mkgroup.c433
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/mkpasswd.c468
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/passwd.c33
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/setfacl.c182
-rw-r--r--winsup/utils/utils.xml2127
10 files changed, 2790 insertions, 639 deletions
diff --git a/winsup/utils/ChangeLog b/winsup/utils/ChangeLog
index 09dc0bf31..8559de18d 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/ChangeLog
+++ b/winsup/utils/ChangeLog
@@ -1,87 +1,9 @@
-2014-11-10 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * cygcheck.cc (dump_sysinfo): Handle Windows 10/Server 2014(?).
-
-2014-11-03 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * mkgroup.c (enum_local_groups): Don't generate leading separator char
- for builtin accounts.
-
-2014-10-29 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * setfacl.c (setfacl): Fix bracketing in expression.
-
-2014-10-27 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * setfacl.c (usage): Add -b to require options.
-
-2014-10-27 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * setfacl.c (action_t): Add DeleteAll value.
- (delacl): New function to remove all ACL entries not representing POSIX
- permissions.
- (setfacl): Rearrange conditional expression into switch statement.
- Add DeleteAll case.
- (usage): Add and describe -b option.
- (longopts): Add --remove-all option.
- (opts): Add -b option.
- (main): Handle -b option.
-
2014-10-21 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
* cygcheck.cc (CYGLSA64_DLL): Remove unused macro.
(dump_sysinfo): If COMSPEC isn't set in the MSVCRT environment, set it.
Explain why.
-2014-09-03 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * setfacl.c (addmissing): New function to add missing acl entries to
- a modified acl per the rules set by aclcheck.
- (setfacl): Call addmissing unless action is Delete.
-
-2014-09-03 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * setfacl.c (getaclentry): Fix previous fix again. Allow lone 'm' as
- well as any lone default entry if action is Delete. Fix comments.
- (usage): Align usage text.
-
-2014-09-03 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * setfacl.c (getaclentry): Fix return value in case of a lone 'm' if
- action is Delete. Drop requirement for a trailing colon if action is
- Delete.
-
-2014-08-31 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * setfacl.c (usage): Drop outdated note that default ACEs are not
- taken into account.
-
-2014-08-31 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * getfacl.c (usage): Add flags description.
- (main): Print suid/sgid/vtx flags if available.
-
-2014-08-15 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * configure.ac: Convert to new AC_INIT style.
- * configure: Regenerate.
-
-2014-08-14 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * utils.xml: Move to ../doc.
-
-2014-08-06 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * passwd.c (usage): Rename DAYS to MINDAYS and MAXDAYS.
- * utils.xml (passwd): Ditto.
-
-2014-07-29 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * mkgroup.c (usage): Move info message that this /etc/group isn't really
- required anymore more to the top of the usage output.
- * mkpasswd.c (usage): Ditto for /etc/passwd. Drop old text from output.
- * utils.xml: Fix accordingly.
-
2014-06-16 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
* passwd.c (main): Fix typo in error output.
@@ -104,40 +26,6 @@
* minidumper.cc (minidump): Fix copy and paste error in checking
result of OpenProcess().
-2014-02-24 Corinna Vinschen <corinna@vinschen.de>
-
- * mkgroup.c (domlist_t): Drop id_offset.
- (get_dcname): Remove.
- (current_group): Remove.
- (enum_unix_groups): Simplify. Change space to underscore in domain
- name.
- (enum_local_groups): Simplify to accommodate the fact that it's only
- called for foreign machines.
- (enum_groups): Ditto.
- (print_special_by_sid): Remove.
- (print_special_by_name): Remove.
- (usage): Align to new code.
- (fetch_primary_domain): Remove.
- (main): Use cygwin_internal CW_SETENT, CW_GETENT and CW_ENDENT method.
- Call enum_local_groups, enum_groups, and enum_unix_groups only for
- foreign machines.
- * mkpasswd.c (get_dcname): Remove.
- (current_user): Remove.
- (enum_unix_users): Simplify. Change space to underscore in domain name.
- (enum_users): Simplify to accommodate the fact that it's only
- called for foreign machines.
- (print_special_by_sid): Remove.
- (usage): Align to new code.
- (longopts): Add -b/--no-builtin option.
- (opts): Add -b option.
- (print_special_by_name): Remove.
- (enum_std_accounts): Remove.
- (fetch_primary_domain): Remove.
- (main): Use cygwin_internal CW_SETENT, CW_GETENT and CW_ENDENT method.
- Call enum_users and enum_unix_users only for foreign machines.
- * utils.xml (mkgroup): Align documentation to new usage.
- (mkpasswd): Ditto.
-
2014-02-23 Jon TURNEY <jon.turney@dronecode.org.uk>
* minidumper.cc (minidump): Fix -t option argument handling.
diff --git a/winsup/utils/configure b/winsup/utils/configure
index 5cf181edd..7e524e279 100755
--- a/winsup/utils/configure
+++ b/winsup/utils/configure
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
#! /bin/sh
# Guess values for system-dependent variables and create Makefiles.
-# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69 for Cygwin Utils 0.
-#
-# Report bugs to <cygwin@cygwin.com>.
+# Generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69.
#
#
# Copyright (C) 1992-1996, 1998-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -265,11 +263,10 @@ fi
$as_echo "$0: In particular, zsh $ZSH_VERSION has bugs and should"
$as_echo "$0: be upgraded to zsh 4.3.4 or later."
else
- $as_echo "$0: Please tell bug-autoconf@gnu.org and cygwin@cygwin.com
-$0: about your system, including any error possibly output
-$0: before this message. Then install a modern shell, or
-$0: manually run the script under such a shell if you do
-$0: have one."
+ $as_echo "$0: Please tell bug-autoconf@gnu.org about your system,
+$0: including any error possibly output before this
+$0: message. Then install a modern shell, or manually run
+$0: the script under such a shell if you do have one."
fi
exit 1
fi
@@ -577,12 +574,12 @@ MFLAGS=
MAKEFLAGS=
# Identity of this package.
-PACKAGE_NAME='Cygwin Utils'
-PACKAGE_TARNAME='cygwin'
-PACKAGE_VERSION='0'
-PACKAGE_STRING='Cygwin Utils 0'
-PACKAGE_BUGREPORT='cygwin@cygwin.com'
-PACKAGE_URL='https://cygwin.com'
+PACKAGE_NAME=
+PACKAGE_TARNAME=
+PACKAGE_VERSION=
+PACKAGE_STRING=
+PACKAGE_BUGREPORT=
+PACKAGE_URL=
ac_unique_file="mount.cc"
ac_no_link=no
@@ -716,7 +713,7 @@ sharedstatedir='${prefix}/com'
localstatedir='${prefix}/var'
includedir='${prefix}/include'
oldincludedir='/usr/include'
-docdir='${datarootdir}/doc/${PACKAGE_TARNAME}'
+docdir='${datarootdir}/doc/${PACKAGE}'
infodir='${datarootdir}/info'
htmldir='${docdir}'
dvidir='${docdir}'
@@ -1216,7 +1213,7 @@ if test "$ac_init_help" = "long"; then
# Omit some internal or obsolete options to make the list less imposing.
# This message is too long to be a string in the A/UX 3.1 sh.
cat <<_ACEOF
-\`configure' configures Cygwin Utils 0 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
+\`configure' configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.
Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
@@ -1264,7 +1261,7 @@ Fine tuning of the installation directories:
--infodir=DIR info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
--localedir=DIR locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
--mandir=DIR man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
- --docdir=DIR documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/cygwin]
+ --docdir=DIR documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]
--htmldir=DIR html documentation [DOCDIR]
--dvidir=DIR dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
--pdfdir=DIR pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
@@ -1286,9 +1283,7 @@ _ACEOF
fi
if test -n "$ac_init_help"; then
- case $ac_init_help in
- short | recursive ) echo "Configuration of Cygwin Utils 0:";;
- esac
+
cat <<\_ACEOF
Optional Packages:
@@ -1312,8 +1307,7 @@ Some influential environment variables:
Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.
-Report bugs to <cygwin@cygwin.com>.
-Cygwin Utils home page: <https://cygwin.com>.
+Report bugs to the package provider.
_ACEOF
ac_status=$?
fi
@@ -1376,7 +1370,7 @@ fi
test -n "$ac_init_help" && exit $ac_status
if $ac_init_version; then
cat <<\_ACEOF
-Cygwin Utils configure 0
+configure
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69
Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -1469,7 +1463,7 @@ cat >config.log <<_ACEOF
This file contains any messages produced by compilers while
running configure, to aid debugging if configure makes a mistake.
-It was created by Cygwin Utils $as_me 0, which was
+It was created by $as_me, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69. Invocation command line was
$ $0 $@
@@ -1817,7 +1811,6 @@ ac_link='$CC -o conftest$ac_exeext $CFLAGS $CPPFLAGS $LDFLAGS conftest.$ac_ext $
ac_compiler_gnu=$ac_cv_c_compiler_gnu
-
ac_aux_dir=
for ac_dir in ../.. "$srcdir"/../..; do
if test -f "$ac_dir/install-sh"; then
@@ -3860,7 +3853,7 @@ cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<\_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
# report actual input values of CONFIG_FILES etc. instead of their
# values after options handling.
ac_log="
-This file was extended by Cygwin Utils $as_me 0, which was
+This file was extended by $as_me, which was
generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69. Invocation command line was
CONFIG_FILES = $CONFIG_FILES
@@ -3907,14 +3900,13 @@ Usage: $0 [OPTION]... [TAG]...
Configuration files:
$config_files
-Report bugs to <cygwin@cygwin.com>.
-Cygwin Utils home page: <https://cygwin.com>."
+Report bugs to the package provider."
_ACEOF
cat >>$CONFIG_STATUS <<_ACEOF || ac_write_fail=1
ac_cs_config="`$as_echo "$ac_configure_args" | sed 's/^ //; s/[\\""\`\$]/\\\\&/g'`"
ac_cs_version="\\
-Cygwin Utils config.status 0
+config.status
configured by $0, generated by GNU Autoconf 2.69,
with options \\"\$ac_cs_config\\"
diff --git a/winsup/utils/configure.ac b/winsup/utils/configure.ac
index d90c3fc6f..5f517c0d0 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/configure.ac
+++ b/winsup/utils/configure.ac
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
dnl Autoconf configure script for Cygwin utilities.
-dnl Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2013,
-dnl 2014 Red Hat, Inc.
+dnl Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 Cygnus Solutions.
dnl
dnl This file is part of Cygwin.
dnl
@@ -11,9 +10,7 @@ dnl details.
dnl Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
AC_PREREQ(2.59)
-AC_INIT([Cygwin Utils], 0,
- cygwin@cygwin.com, cygwin, https://cygwin.com)
-AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR(mount.cc)
+AC_INIT(mount.cc)
AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR(../..)
AC_NO_EXECUTABLES
diff --git a/winsup/utils/cygcheck.cc b/winsup/utils/cygcheck.cc
index 5d823e9a3..cc400519e 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/cygcheck.cc
+++ b/winsup/utils/cygcheck.cc
@@ -1480,13 +1480,10 @@ dump_sysinfo ()
? "8" : "2012");
break;
case 3:
- strcpy (osname, osversion.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION
- ? "8.1" : "2012 R2");
- break;
- case 4:
default:
+ osversion.dwMinorVersion = 3;
strcpy (osname, osversion.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION
- ? "10" : "2014");
+ ? "8.1" : "2012 R2");
break;
}
DWORD prod;
diff --git a/winsup/utils/getfacl.c b/winsup/utils/getfacl.c
index ed1adfce7..cbde4668a 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/getfacl.c
+++ b/winsup/utils/getfacl.c
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
/* getfacl.c
- Copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2009, 2011, 2014 Red Hat Inc.
+ Copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2009, 2011 Red Hat Inc.
Written by Corinna Vinschen <vinschen@redhat.com>
@@ -87,15 +87,13 @@ usage (FILE * stream)
"For directories getfacl displays additionally the default ACL.\n"
"\n"
"With no options specified, getfacl displays the filename, the\n"
- "owner, the group, the setuid (s), setgid (s), and sticky (t)\n"
- "bits if available, and both the ACL and the default ACL, if it\n"
+ "owner, the group, and both the ACL and the default ACL, if it\n"
"exists.\n"
"\n"
"The format for ACL output is as follows:\n"
" # file: filename\n"
" # owner: name or uid\n"
" # group: name or uid\n"
- " # flags: sst\n"
" user::perm\n"
" user:name or uid:perm\n"
" group::perm\n"
@@ -198,10 +196,6 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
printf ("# owner: %s\n", username (st.st_uid));
printf ("# group: %s\n", groupname (st.st_gid));
}
- if (st.st_mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISVTX))
- printf ("# flags: %c%c%c\n", (st.st_mode & S_ISUID) ? 's' : '-',
- (st.st_mode & S_ISGID) ? 's' : '-',
- (st.st_mode & S_ISVTX) ? 't' : '-');
for (i = 0; i < num_acls; ++i)
{
if (acls[i].a_type & ACL_DEFAULT)
diff --git a/winsup/utils/mkgroup.c b/winsup/utils/mkgroup.c
index 8894b315f..05f5910b0 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/mkgroup.c
+++ b/winsup/utils/mkgroup.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/* mkgroup.c:
Copyright 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007,
- 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Red Hat, Inc.
+ 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Red Hat, Inc.
This file is part of Cygwin.
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <io.h>
-#include <grp.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/cygwin.h>
#include <cygwin/version.h>
@@ -30,7 +29,9 @@
#include <wininet.h>
#include <iptypes.h>
#include <ntsecapi.h>
+#include <dsgetdc.h>
#include <ntdef.h>
+#include "loadlib.h"
#define print_win_error(x) _print_win_error(x, __LINE__)
@@ -46,7 +47,9 @@ SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY sid_nt_auth = {SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY};
typedef struct
{
char *str;
+ DWORD id_offset;
BOOL domain;
+ BOOL with_dom;
} domlist_t;
static void
@@ -67,6 +70,31 @@ _print_win_error (DWORD code, int line)
line, (unsigned int) code);
}
+static PWCHAR
+get_dcname (char *domain)
+{
+ static WCHAR server[INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1];
+ DWORD rc;
+ WCHAR domain_name[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1];
+ PDOMAIN_CONTROLLER_INFOW pdci = NULL;
+
+ if (domain)
+ {
+ mbstowcs (domain_name, domain, strlen (domain) + 1);
+ rc = DsGetDcNameW (NULL, domain_name, NULL, NULL, 0, &pdci);
+ }
+ else
+ rc = DsGetDcNameW (NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, &pdci);
+ if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ print_win_error (rc);
+ return (PWCHAR) -1;
+ }
+ wcscpy (server, pdci->DomainControllerName);
+ NetApiBufferFree (pdci);
+ return server;
+}
+
static char *
put_sid (PSID psid)
{
@@ -121,10 +149,40 @@ fetch_current_pgrp_sid ()
}
static void
-enum_unix_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
+current_group (const char *sep, DWORD id_offset)
+{
+ WCHAR grp[GNLEN + 1];
+ WCHAR dom[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1];
+ DWORD glen = GNLEN + 1;
+ DWORD dlen = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1;
+ int gid;
+ SID_NAME_USE acc_type;
+
+ if (!curr_pgrp.psid
+ || !LookupAccountSidW (NULL, curr_pgrp.psid, grp, &glen, dom, &dlen,
+ &acc_type))
+ {
+ print_win_error (GetLastError ());
+ return;
+ }
+ gid = *GetSidSubAuthority (curr_pgrp.psid,
+ *GetSidSubAuthorityCount(curr_pgrp.psid) - 1);
+ printf ("%ls%s%ls:%s:%" PRIu32 ":\n",
+ sep ? dom : L"",
+ sep ?: "",
+ grp,
+ put_sid (curr_pgrp.psid),
+ (unsigned int) (id_offset + gid));
+}
+
+static void
+enum_unix_groups (domlist_t *dom_or_machine, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
char *unix_grp_list)
{
WCHAR machine[INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1];
+ PWCHAR servername = NULL;
+ char *d_or_m = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->str : NULL;
+ BOOL with_dom = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->with_dom : FALSE;
SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY auth = { { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 22 } };
char *gstr, *grp_list;
WCHAR grp[GNLEN + sizeof ("Unix Group\\") + 1];
@@ -134,13 +192,17 @@ enum_unix_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
char psid_buffer[MAX_SID_LEN];
SID_NAME_USE acc_type;
- int ret = mbstowcs (machine, mach->str, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
+ if (!d_or_m)
+ return;
+
+ int ret = mbstowcs (machine, d_or_m, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
- program_invocation_short_name, mach->str);
+ program_invocation_short_name, d_or_m);
return;
}
+ servername = machine;
if (!AllocateAndInitializeSid (&auth, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &psid))
return;
@@ -160,15 +222,15 @@ enum_unix_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
if (ret < 1 || ret >= GNLEN + 1)
fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid group name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
program_invocation_short_name, gstr);
- else if (LookupAccountNameW (machine, grp,
+ else if (LookupAccountNameW (servername, grp,
psid = (PSID) psid_buffer,
(sidlen = MAX_SID_LEN, &sidlen),
dom,
(dlen = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1, &dlen),
&acc_type))
printf ("%s%s%ls:%s:%" PRIu32 ":\n",
- "Unix_Group",
- sep,
+ with_dom ? "Unix Group" : "",
+ with_dom ? sep : "",
p,
put_sid (psid),
(unsigned int) (id_offset +
@@ -197,15 +259,15 @@ enum_unix_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
{
*GetSidSubAuthority (psid, *GetSidSubAuthorityCount(psid) - 1)
= start;
- if (LookupAccountSidW (machine, psid,
+ if (LookupAccountSidW (servername, psid,
grp, (glen = GNLEN + 1, &glen),
dom,
(dlen = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1, &dlen),
&acc_type)
&& !iswdigit (grp[0]))
printf ("%s%s%ls:%s:%" PRIu32 ":\n",
- "Unix_Group",
- sep,
+ with_dom ? "Unix Group" : "",
+ with_dom ? sep : "",
grp,
put_sid (psid),
(unsigned int) (id_offset + start));
@@ -218,11 +280,14 @@ enum_unix_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
}
static int
-enum_local_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep,
+enum_local_groups (BOOL domain, domlist_t *dom_or_machine, const char *sep,
DWORD id_offset, char *disp_groupname, int print_builtin,
int print_current)
{
WCHAR machine[INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1];
+ PWCHAR servername = NULL;
+ char *d_or_m = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->str : NULL;
+ BOOL with_dom = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->with_dom : FALSE;
LOCALGROUP_INFO_0 *buffer;
DWORD entriesread = 0;
DWORD totalentries = 0;
@@ -230,12 +295,22 @@ enum_local_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep,
WCHAR gname[GNLEN + 1];
DWORD rc;
- int ret = mbstowcs (machine, mach->str, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
- if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
+ if (domain)
{
- fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
- program_invocation_short_name, mach->str);
- return 1;
+ servername = get_dcname (d_or_m);
+ if (servername == (PWCHAR) -1)
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else if (d_or_m)
+ {
+ int ret = mbstowcs (machine, d_or_m, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
+ if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
+ {
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
+ program_invocation_short_name, d_or_m);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ servername = machine;
}
do
@@ -245,7 +320,7 @@ enum_local_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep,
if (disp_groupname)
{
mbstowcs (gname, disp_groupname, GNLEN + 1);
- rc = NetLocalGroupGetInfo (machine, gname, 0, (void *) &buffer);
+ rc = NetLocalGroupGetInfo (servername, gname, 0, (void *) &buffer);
if (rc == ERROR_SUCCESS)
entriesread = 1;
/* Allow further searching for the group and avoid annoying
@@ -255,7 +330,7 @@ enum_local_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep,
return 0;
}
else
- rc = NetLocalGroupEnum (machine, 0, (void *) &buffer,
+ rc = NetLocalGroupEnum (servername, 0, (void *) &buffer,
MAX_PREFERRED_LENGTH, &entriesread,
&totalentries, &resume_handle);
switch (rc)
@@ -285,7 +360,7 @@ enum_local_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep,
PDBGSID pdsid;
BOOL is_builtin = FALSE;
- if (!LookupAccountNameW (machine, buffer[i].lgrpi0_name, psid,
+ if (!LookupAccountNameW (servername, buffer[i].lgrpi0_name, psid,
&sid_length, domain_name, &domname_len,
&acc_type))
{
@@ -302,7 +377,7 @@ enum_local_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep,
wcscat (domname, buffer[i].lgrpi0_name);
sid_length = MAX_SID_LEN;
domname_len = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1;
- if (!LookupAccountNameW (machine, domname,
+ if (!LookupAccountNameW (servername, domname,
psid, &sid_length,
domain_name, &domname_len,
&acc_type))
@@ -340,8 +415,8 @@ enum_local_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep,
gid = *GetSidSubAuthority (psid, *GetSidSubAuthorityCount(psid) - 1);
printf ("%ls%s%ls:%s:%" PRIu32 ":\n",
- !is_builtin ? domain_name : L"",
- !is_builtin ? sep : "",
+ with_dom && !is_builtin ? domain_name : L"",
+ with_dom && !is_builtin ? sep : "",
buffer[i].lgrpi0_name,
put_sid (psid),
(unsigned int) (gid + (is_builtin ? 0 : id_offset)));
@@ -361,10 +436,13 @@ skip_group:
}
static void
-enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
- char *disp_groupname, int print_current)
+enum_groups (BOOL domain, domlist_t *dom_or_machine, const char *sep,
+ DWORD id_offset, char *disp_groupname, int print_current)
{
WCHAR machine[INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1];
+ PWCHAR servername = NULL;
+ char *d_or_m = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->str : NULL;
+ BOOL with_dom = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->with_dom : FALSE;
GROUP_INFO_2 *buffer;
DWORD entriesread = 0;
DWORD totalentries = 0;
@@ -372,12 +450,22 @@ enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
WCHAR gname[GNLEN + 1];
DWORD rc;
- int ret = mbstowcs (machine, mach->str, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
- if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
+ if (domain)
{
- fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
- program_invocation_short_name, mach->str);
- return;
+ servername = get_dcname (d_or_m);
+ if (servername == (PWCHAR) -1)
+ return;
+ }
+ else if (d_or_m)
+ {
+ int ret = mbstowcs (machine, d_or_m, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
+ if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
+ {
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
+ program_invocation_short_name, d_or_m);
+ return;
+ }
+ servername = machine;
}
do
@@ -387,7 +475,8 @@ enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
if (disp_groupname != NULL)
{
mbstowcs (gname, disp_groupname, GNLEN + 1);
- rc = NetGroupGetInfo (machine, (LPWSTR) & gname, 2, (void *) &buffer);
+ rc = NetGroupGetInfo (servername, (LPWSTR) & gname, 2,
+ (void *) &buffer);
entriesread=1;
/* Avoid annoying error messages just because the group hasn't been
found. */
@@ -395,8 +484,9 @@ enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
return;
}
else
- rc = NetGroupEnum (machine, 2, (void *) & buffer, MAX_PREFERRED_LENGTH,
- &entriesread, &totalentries, &resume_handle);
+ rc = NetGroupEnum (servername, 2, (void *) & buffer,
+ MAX_PREFERRED_LENGTH, &entriesread, &totalentries,
+ &resume_handle);
switch (rc)
{
case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
@@ -422,7 +512,7 @@ enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
SID_NAME_USE acc_type;
int gid = buffer[i].grpi2_group_id;
- if (!LookupAccountNameW (machine, buffer[i].grpi2_name,
+ if (!LookupAccountNameW (servername, buffer[i].grpi2_name,
psid, &sid_length,
domain_name, &domname_len,
&acc_type))
@@ -435,13 +525,16 @@ enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
{
WCHAR domname[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + GNLEN + 2];
- wcscpy (domname, machine);
+ wcscpy (domname, domain || !servername
+ ? domain_name : servername);
wcscat (domname, L"\\");
wcscat (domname, buffer[i].grpi2_name);
sid_length = MAX_SID_LEN;
domname_len = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1;
- if (!LookupAccountNameW (machine, domname, psid, &sid_length,
- domain_name, &domname_len, &acc_type))
+ if (!LookupAccountNameW (servername, domname,
+ psid, &sid_length,
+ domain_name, &domname_len,
+ &acc_type))
{
print_win_error (GetLastError ());
fprintf(stderr, " (%ls)\n", domname);
@@ -454,8 +547,8 @@ enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
got_curr_pgrp = TRUE;
printf ("%ls%s%ls:%s:%" PRIu32 ":\n",
- domain_name,
- sep,
+ with_dom ? domain_name : L"",
+ with_dom ? sep : "",
buffer[i].grpi2_name,
put_sid (psid),
(unsigned int) (id_offset + gid));
@@ -467,42 +560,107 @@ enum_groups (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
while (rc == ERROR_MORE_DATA);
}
+static void
+print_special_by_sid (PSID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY auth, BYTE cnt,
+ DWORD sub1, DWORD sub2, DWORD sub3, DWORD sub4,
+ DWORD sub5, DWORD sub6, DWORD sub7, DWORD sub8)
+{
+ WCHAR grp[GNLEN + 1], dom[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1];
+ DWORD glen, dlen, rid;
+ PSID psid;
+ SID_NAME_USE acc_type;
+
+ if (AllocateAndInitializeSid (auth, cnt, sub1, sub2, sub3, sub4,
+ sub5, sub6, sub7, sub8, &psid))
+ {
+ if (LookupAccountSidW (NULL, psid,
+ grp, (glen = GNLEN + 1, &glen),
+ dom, (dlen = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1, &dlen),
+ &acc_type))
+ {
+ if (sub8)
+ rid = sub8;
+ else if (sub7)
+ rid = sub7;
+ else if (sub6)
+ rid = sub6;
+ else if (sub5)
+ rid = sub5;
+ else if (sub4)
+ rid = sub4;
+ else if (sub3)
+ rid = sub3;
+ else if (sub2)
+ rid = sub2;
+ else
+ rid = sub1;
+ printf ("%ls:%s:%" PRIu32 ":\n", grp, put_sid (psid),
+ (unsigned int) rid);
+ }
+ FreeSid (psid);
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+print_special_by_name (PCWSTR name, gid_t gid)
+{
+ DWORD size = 256, dom_size = 256;
+ PSID sid = (PSID) alloca (size);
+ WCHAR dom[dom_size];
+ SID_NAME_USE use;
+
+ PWCHAR name_only = wcschr (name, L'\\');
+ if (name_only)
+ ++name_only;
+
+ if (LookupAccountNameW (NULL, name, sid, &size, dom, &dom_size, &use))
+ printf ("%ls:%s:%lu:\n",
+ name_only ?: name, put_sid (sid), (unsigned long) gid);
+}
+
static int
usage (FILE * stream)
{
fprintf (stream,
"Usage: %s [OPTION]...\n"
"\n"
-"Write /etc/group-like output to stdout\n"
-"\n"
-"Don't use this command to generate a local /etc/group file, unless you\n"
-"really need one. See the Cygwin User's Guide for more information.\n"
+"Print /etc/group file to stdout\n"
"\n"
"Options:\n"
"\n"
-" -l,--local [machine] print local groups of \"machine\"\n"
+" -l,--local [machine[,offset]]\n"
+" print local groups with gid offset offset\n"
" (from local machine if no machine specified)\n"
-" -d,--domain [domain] print domain groups\n"
+" -L,--Local [machine[,offset]]\n"
+" ditto, but generate groupname with machine prefix\n"
+" -d,--domain [domain[,offset]]\n"
+" print domain groups with gid offset offset\n"
" (from current domain if no domain specified)\n"
+" -D,--Domain [domain[,offset]]\n"
+" ditto, but generate groupname with machine prefix\n"
" -c,--current print current group\n"
-" -S,--separator char for -l use character char as domain\\group\n"
-" separator in groupname instead of default '%s'\n"
-" -o,--id-offset offset change the default offset (0x10000) added to\n"
-" gids of foreign machine accounts.\n"
+" -C,--Current ditto, but generate groupname with machine or\n"
+" domain prefix\n"
+" -S,--separator char for -L, -D, -C use character char as domain\\group\n"
+" separator in groupname instead of the default '\\'\n"
+" -o,--id-offset offset change the default offset (10000) added to gids\n"
+" in domain or foreign server accounts.\n"
" -g,--group groupname only return information for the specified group\n"
-" one of -l, -d must be specified, too\n"
+" one of -l, -L, -d, -D must be specified, too\n"
" -b,--no-builtin don't print BUILTIN groups\n"
-" -U,--unix grouplist print UNIX groups when using -l on a UNIX Samba\n"
-" server. grouplist is a comma-separated list of\n"
-" groupnames or gid ranges (root,-25,50-100).\n"
+" -U,--unix grouplist additionally print UNIX groups when using -l or -L\n"
+" on a UNIX Samba server\n"
+" grouplist is a comma-separated list of groupnames\n"
+" or gid ranges (root,-25,50-100).\n"
" (enumerating large ranges can take a long time!)\n"
+" -s,--no-sids (ignored)\n"
+" -u,--users (ignored)\n"
" -h,--help print this message\n"
" -v,--version print version information and exit\n"
"\n"
"Default is to print local groups on stand-alone machines, plus domain\n"
"groups on domain controllers and domain member machines.\n"
-"\n", program_invocation_short_name,
- (const char *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETNSSSEP));
+"\n", program_invocation_short_name);
return 1;
}
@@ -541,20 +699,44 @@ print_version ()
strrchr (__DATE__, ' ') + 1);
}
+static PPOLICY_PRIMARY_DOMAIN_INFO p_dom;
+
+static BOOL
+fetch_primary_domain ()
+{
+ NTSTATUS status;
+ LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES oa = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+ LSA_HANDLE lsa;
+
+ if (!p_dom)
+ {
+ status = LsaOpenPolicy (NULL, &oa, POLICY_EXECUTE, &lsa);
+ if (!NT_SUCCESS (status))
+ return FALSE;
+ status = LsaQueryInformationPolicy (lsa, PolicyPrimaryDomainInformation,
+ (PVOID *) ((void *) &p_dom));
+ LsaClose (lsa);
+ if (!NT_SUCCESS (status))
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ return !!p_dom->Sid;
+}
+
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
int print_domlist = 0;
domlist_t domlist[32];
- char *opt, *p;
+ char *opt, *p, *ep;
int print_current = 0;
+ int print_system = 0;
int print_builtin = 1;
char *print_unix = NULL;
- const char *sep_char = (const char *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETNSSSEP);
- DWORD id_offset = 0x10000, off;
+ const char *sep_char = "\\";
+ DWORD id_offset = 10000, off;
int c, i;
char *disp_groupname = NULL;
- //BOOL in_domain;
+ BOOL in_domain;
int optional_args = 0;
if (!isatty (1))
@@ -564,21 +746,22 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
setlocale (LC_CTYPE, "");
if (!strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C"))
setlocale (LC_CTYPE, "en_US.UTF-8");
+ in_domain = fetch_primary_domain ();
fetch_current_pgrp_sid ();
if (argc == 1)
{
- int enums = ENUM_PRIMARY | ENUM_LOCAL | ENUM_BUILTIN;
- uintptr_t ticket = cygwin_internal (CW_SETENT, TRUE, enums, NULL);
- if (ticket)
+ print_special_by_sid (&sid_nt_auth, 1, SECURITY_LOCAL_SYSTEM_RID,
+ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+ if (in_domain)
{
- struct group *grp;
-
- while ((grp = (struct group *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETENT, TRUE,
- ticket)))
- printf ("%s:%s:%u:\n", grp->gr_name, grp->gr_passwd, grp->gr_gid);
- cygwin_internal (CW_ENDENT, TRUE, ticket);
+ if (!enum_local_groups (TRUE, NULL, sep_char, id_offset,
+ disp_groupname, print_builtin, 0))
+ enum_groups (TRUE, NULL, sep_char, id_offset, disp_groupname, 0);
}
+ else if (!enum_local_groups (FALSE, NULL, sep_char, 0, disp_groupname,
+ print_builtin, 0))
+ enum_groups (FALSE, NULL, sep_char, 0, disp_groupname, 0);
return 0;
}
@@ -614,12 +797,17 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
program_invocation_short_name,
domlist[i].domain ? "domain" : "machine",
domlist[i].str);
- break;
+ goto skip;
}
- domlist[print_domlist].str = opt;
+ if (!(domlist[print_domlist].str = opt))
+ print_system = 1;
+ domlist[print_domlist].id_offset = UINT32_MAX;
if (opt && (p = strchr (opt, ',')))
{
- if (p == opt)
+ if (p == opt
+ || !isdigit ((unsigned char) p[1])
+ || (domlist[print_domlist].id_offset = strtol (p + 1, &ep, 10)
+ , *ep))
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s: Malformed machine,offset string '%s'. "
"Skipping...\n", program_invocation_short_name, opt);
@@ -627,27 +815,15 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
}
*p = '\0';
}
- if ((c == 'l' || c == 'L') && opt)
- {
- char cname[1024];
- DWORD csize = sizeof cname;
-
- /* Check if machine name is local machine. Keep it simple. */
- if (GetComputerNameExA (strchr (opt, '.')
- ? ComputerNameDnsFullyQualified
- : ComputerNameNetBIOS,
- cname, &csize)
- && strcasecmp (opt, cname) == 0)
- domlist[print_domlist].str = NULL;
- }
- ++print_domlist;
+ domlist[print_domlist++].with_dom = (c == 'D' || c == 'L');
+skip:
break;
case 'S':
sep_char = optarg;
if (strlen (sep_char) > 1)
{
- fprintf (stderr, "%s: Only one ASCII character allowed as "
- "domain\\user separator character.\n",
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: Only one character allowed as domain\\user "
+ "separator character.\n",
program_invocation_short_name);
return 1;
}
@@ -662,6 +838,8 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
print_unix = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
+ sep_char = NULL;
+ /*FALLTHRU*/
case 'C':
print_current = 1;
break;
@@ -698,77 +876,34 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
exit (1);
}
- struct group *pgrp = NULL;
- if (print_current)
- pgrp = (struct group *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETGRSID, TRUE, curr_pgrp.psid);
-
- int enums = ENUM_NONE;
- WCHAR tdoms[print_domlist * 258];
- PWCHAR t = tdoms;
- if (!disp_groupname && print_builtin && print_domlist)
- enums |= ENUM_BUILTIN;
- for (i = 0; i < print_domlist; ++i)
- {
- if (domlist[i].domain)
- {
- if (domlist[i].str)
- {
- enums |= ENUM_TDOMS;
- t += mbstowcs (t, domlist[i].str, 257);
- *t++ = L'\0';
- }
- else
- enums |= ENUM_PRIMARY;
- }
- else if (!domlist[i].str)
- enums |= ENUM_LOCAL;
- }
- if (t > tdoms)
- *t++ = L'\0';
- if (enums)
+ /* Get 'system' group */
+ if (!disp_groupname && print_system && print_builtin && print_domlist)
{
- uintptr_t ticket = cygwin_internal (CW_SETENT, TRUE, enums,
- t > tdoms ? tdoms : NULL);
- if (ticket)
- {
- struct group *grp;
- const char *nss_sep = (const char *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETNSSSEP);
-
- while ((grp = (struct group *)
- cygwin_internal (CW_GETENT, TRUE, ticket)))
- {
- if (disp_groupname
- && strcasecmp (disp_groupname, grp->gr_name) != 0
- && (!(p = strchr (grp->gr_name, nss_sep[0]))
- || strcasecmp (disp_groupname, p + 1) != 0))
- continue;
- printf ("%s:%s:%u:\n", grp->gr_name, grp->gr_passwd,
- grp->gr_gid);
- if (pgrp && !strcmp (grp->gr_passwd, pgrp->gr_passwd))
- got_curr_pgrp = TRUE;
- }
- cygwin_internal (CW_ENDENT, TRUE, ticket);
- }
+ print_special_by_sid (&sid_nt_auth, 1, SECURITY_LOCAL_SYSTEM_RID,
+ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+ print_special_by_name (L"NT SERVICE\\TrustedInstaller", -2);
}
- if (print_current && !got_curr_pgrp)
- printf ("%s:%s:%u:\n", pgrp->gr_name, pgrp->gr_passwd, pgrp->gr_gid);
-
- off = 0xfd000000;
+ off = id_offset;
for (i = 0; i < print_domlist; ++i)
{
- if (domlist[i].domain || !domlist[i].str)
- continue;
- if (!enum_local_groups (domlist + i, sep_char, off, disp_groupname,
- print_builtin, print_current))
+ DWORD my_off = (domlist[i].domain || domlist[i].str)
+ ? domlist[i].id_offset != UINT_MAX
+ ? domlist[i].id_offset : off : 0;
+ if (!enum_local_groups (domlist[i].domain, domlist + i, sep_char,
+ my_off, disp_groupname, print_builtin, print_current))
{
- enum_groups (domlist + i, sep_char, off, disp_groupname,
- print_current);
if (!domlist[i].domain && domlist[i].str && print_unix)
- enum_unix_groups (domlist + i, sep_char, 0xff000000, print_unix);
- off += id_offset;
+ enum_unix_groups (domlist + i, sep_char, my_off, print_unix);
+ enum_groups (domlist[i].domain, domlist + i, sep_char, my_off,
+ disp_groupname, print_current);
+ if (my_off)
+ off += id_offset;
}
}
+ if (print_current && !got_curr_pgrp)
+ current_group (sep_char, off);
+
return 0;
}
diff --git a/winsup/utils/mkpasswd.c b/winsup/utils/mkpasswd.c
index 5ff33d8a1..d080dbd70 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/mkpasswd.c
+++ b/winsup/utils/mkpasswd.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/* mkpasswd.c:
Copyright 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009,
- 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Red Hat, Inc.
+ 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Red Hat, Inc.
This file is part of Cygwin.
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <io.h>
-#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/cygwin.h>
#include <cygwin/version.h>
@@ -32,6 +31,7 @@
#include <ntsecapi.h>
#include <dsgetdc.h>
#include <ntdef.h>
+#include "loadlib.h"
#define print_win_error(x) _print_win_error(x, __LINE__)
@@ -47,7 +47,9 @@ SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY sid_nt_auth = {SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY};
typedef struct
{
char *str;
+ DWORD id_offset;
BOOL domain;
+ BOOL with_dom;
} domlist_t;
static void
@@ -68,6 +70,31 @@ _print_win_error(DWORD code, int line)
line, (unsigned int) code);
}
+static PWCHAR
+get_dcname (char *domain)
+{
+ static WCHAR server[INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1];
+ DWORD rc;
+ WCHAR domain_name[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1];
+ PDOMAIN_CONTROLLER_INFOW pdci = NULL;
+
+ if (domain)
+ {
+ mbstowcs (domain_name, domain, strlen (domain) + 1);
+ rc = DsGetDcNameW (NULL, domain_name, NULL, NULL, 0, &pdci);
+ }
+ else
+ rc = DsGetDcNameW (NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, &pdci);
+ if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
+ {
+ print_win_error (rc);
+ return (PWCHAR) -1;
+ }
+ wcscpy (server, pdci->DomainControllerName);
+ NetApiBufferFree (pdci);
+ return server;
+}
+
static char *
put_sid (PSID sid)
{
@@ -123,10 +150,72 @@ fetch_current_user_sid ()
}
static void
-enum_unix_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
+current_user (const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path, DWORD id_offset,
+ const char *disp_username)
+{
+ WCHAR user[UNLEN + 1];
+ WCHAR dom[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1];
+ DWORD ulen = UNLEN + 1;
+ DWORD dlen = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1;
+ SID_NAME_USE acc_type;
+ int uid, gid;
+ char homedir_psx[PATH_MAX] = {0};
+
+ if (!curr_user.psid || !curr_pgrp.psid
+ || !LookupAccountSidW (NULL, curr_user.psid, user, &ulen, dom, &dlen,
+ &acc_type))
+ {
+ print_win_error (GetLastError ());
+ return;
+ }
+
+ uid = *GetSidSubAuthority (curr_user.psid,
+ *GetSidSubAuthorityCount(curr_user.psid) - 1);
+ gid = *GetSidSubAuthority (curr_pgrp.psid,
+ *GetSidSubAuthorityCount(curr_pgrp.psid) - 1);
+ if (passed_home_path[0] == '\0')
+ {
+ char *envhome = getenv ("HOME");
+
+ /* If $HOME exists and is non-empty, just copy it over to homedir_psx.
+ Otherwise, generate a new path of the form "/home/$USER". */
+ if (envhome && envhome[0] != '\0')
+ strncat (homedir_psx, envhome, sizeof (homedir_psx) - 1);
+ else
+ {
+ wcstombs (stpncpy (homedir_psx, "/home/", sizeof (homedir_psx)),
+ user, sizeof (homedir_psx) - 6);
+ homedir_psx[PATH_MAX - 1] = '\0';
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ char *p = stpncpy (homedir_psx, passed_home_path, sizeof (homedir_psx));
+ wcstombs (p, user, sizeof (homedir_psx) - (p - homedir_psx));
+ homedir_psx[PATH_MAX - 1] = '\0';
+ }
+
+ printf ("%ls%s%ls:unused:%" PRIu32 ":%" PRIu32
+ ":U-%ls\\%ls,%s:%s:/bin/bash\n",
+ sep ? dom : L"",
+ sep ?: "",
+ user,
+ (unsigned int) (id_offset + uid),
+ (unsigned int) (id_offset + gid),
+ dom,
+ user,
+ put_sid (curr_user.psid),
+ homedir_psx);
+}
+
+static void
+enum_unix_users (domlist_t *dom_or_machine, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
char *unix_user_list)
{
WCHAR machine[INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1];
+ PWCHAR servername = NULL;
+ char *d_or_m = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->str : NULL;
+ BOOL with_dom = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->with_dom : FALSE;
SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY auth = { { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 22 } };
char *ustr, *user_list;
WCHAR user[UNLEN + sizeof ("Unix User\\") + 1];
@@ -136,13 +225,17 @@ enum_unix_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
char psid_buffer[MAX_SID_LEN];
SID_NAME_USE acc_type;
- int ret = mbstowcs (machine, mach->str, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
+ if (!d_or_m)
+ return;
+
+ int ret = mbstowcs (machine, d_or_m, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
{
fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
- program_invocation_short_name, mach->str);
+ program_invocation_short_name, d_or_m);
return;
}
+ servername = machine;
if (!AllocateAndInitializeSid (&auth, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &psid))
return;
@@ -162,15 +255,15 @@ enum_unix_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
if (ret < 1 || ret >= UNLEN + 1)
fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid user name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
program_invocation_short_name, ustr);
- else if (LookupAccountNameW (machine, user,
+ else if (LookupAccountNameW (servername, user,
psid = (PSID) psid_buffer,
(sidlen = MAX_SID_LEN, &sidlen),
dom,
(dlen = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1, &dlen),
&acc_type))
printf ("%s%s%ls:unused:%" PRIu32 ":99999:,%s::\n",
- "Unix_User",
- sep,
+ with_dom ? "Unix User" : "",
+ with_dom ? sep : "",
user + 10,
(unsigned int) (id_offset +
*GetSidSubAuthority (psid,
@@ -199,15 +292,15 @@ enum_unix_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
{
*GetSidSubAuthority (psid, *GetSidSubAuthorityCount(psid) - 1)
= start;
- if (LookupAccountSidW (machine, psid,
+ if (LookupAccountSidW (servername, psid,
user, (ulen = GNLEN + 1, &ulen),
dom,
(dlen = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1, &dlen),
&acc_type)
&& !iswdigit (user[0]))
printf ("%s%s%ls:unused:%" PRIu32 ":99999:,%s::\n",
- "Unix_User",
- sep,
+ with_dom ? "Unix User" : "",
+ with_dom ? sep : "",
user,
(unsigned int) (id_offset + start),
put_sid (psid));
@@ -220,23 +313,36 @@ enum_unix_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, DWORD id_offset,
}
static int
-enum_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path,
- DWORD id_offset, char *disp_username, int print_current)
+enum_users (BOOL domain, domlist_t *dom_or_machine, const char *sep,
+ const char *passed_home_path, DWORD id_offset, char *disp_username,
+ int print_current)
{
WCHAR machine[INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1];
+ PWCHAR servername = NULL;
+ char *d_or_m = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->str : NULL;
+ BOOL with_dom = dom_or_machine ? dom_or_machine->with_dom : FALSE;
USER_INFO_3 *buffer;
DWORD entriesread = 0;
DWORD totalentries = 0;
DWORD resume_handle = 0;
DWORD rc;
WCHAR uni_name[UNLEN + 1];
-
- int ret = mbstowcs (machine, mach->str, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
- if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
+ if (domain)
{
- fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
- program_invocation_short_name, mach->str);
- return 1;
+ servername = get_dcname (d_or_m);
+ if (servername == (PWCHAR) -1)
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else if (d_or_m)
+ {
+ int ret = mbstowcs (machine, d_or_m, INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
+ if (ret < 1 || ret >= INTERNET_MAX_HOST_NAME_LENGTH + 1)
+ {
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: Invalid machine name '%s'. Skipping...\n",
+ program_invocation_short_name, d_or_m);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ servername = machine;
}
do
@@ -246,7 +352,7 @@ enum_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path,
if (disp_username != NULL)
{
mbstowcs (uni_name, disp_username, UNLEN + 1);
- rc = NetUserGetInfo (machine, (LPWSTR) &uni_name, 3,
+ rc = NetUserGetInfo (servername, (LPWSTR) &uni_name, 3,
(void *) &buffer);
entriesread = 1;
/* Avoid annoying error messages just because the user hasn't been
@@ -255,7 +361,7 @@ enum_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path,
return 0;
}
else
- rc = NetUserEnum (machine, 3, FILTER_NORMAL_ACCOUNT,
+ rc = NetUserEnum (servername, 3, FILTER_NORMAL_ACCOUNT,
(void *) &buffer, MAX_PREFERRED_LENGTH,
&entriesread, &totalentries, &resume_handle);
switch (rc)
@@ -301,7 +407,7 @@ enum_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path,
stpcpy (homedir_psx, passed_home_path),
PATH_MAX - strlen (passed_home_path));
- if (!LookupAccountNameW (machine, buffer[i].usri3_name,
+ if (!LookupAccountNameW (servername, buffer[i].usri3_name,
psid, &sid_length, domain_name,
&domname_len, &acc_type))
{
@@ -313,12 +419,13 @@ enum_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path,
{
WCHAR domname[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + UNLEN + 2];
- wcscpy (domname, machine);
+ wcscpy (domname, domain || !servername
+ ? domain_name : servername);
wcscat (domname, L"\\");
wcscat (domname, buffer[i].usri3_name);
sid_length = MAX_SID_LEN;
domname_len = sizeof (domname);
- if (!LookupAccountNameW (machine, domname, psid,
+ if (!LookupAccountNameW (servername, domname, psid,
&sid_length, domain_name,
&domname_len, &acc_type))
{
@@ -334,8 +441,8 @@ enum_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path,
printf ("%ls%s%ls:unused:%" PRIu32 ":%" PRIu32
":%ls%sU-%ls\\%ls,%s:%s:/bin/bash\n",
- domain_name,
- sep,
+ with_dom ? domain_name : L"",
+ with_dom ? sep : "",
buffer[i].usri3_name,
(unsigned int) (id_offset + uid),
(unsigned int) (id_offset + gid),
@@ -356,49 +463,98 @@ enum_users (domlist_t *mach, const char *sep, const char *passed_home_path,
return 0;
}
+static void
+print_special_by_sid (PSID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY auth, BYTE cnt,
+ DWORD sub1, DWORD sub2, DWORD sub3, DWORD sub4,
+ DWORD sub5, DWORD sub6, DWORD sub7, DWORD sub8)
+{
+ WCHAR user[UNLEN + 1], dom[MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1];
+ DWORD len, len2, rid;
+ PSID sid;
+ SID_NAME_USE acc_type;
+
+ if (AllocateAndInitializeSid (auth, cnt, sub1, sub2, sub3, sub4,
+ sub5, sub6, sub7, sub8, &sid))
+ {
+ if (LookupAccountSidW (NULL, sid,
+ user, (len = UNLEN + 1, &len),
+ dom, (len2 = MAX_DOMAIN_NAME_LEN + 1, &len2),
+ &acc_type))
+ {
+ if (sub8)
+ rid = sub8;
+ else if (sub7)
+ rid = sub7;
+ else if (sub6)
+ rid = sub6;
+ else if (sub5)
+ rid = sub5;
+ else if (sub4)
+ rid = sub4;
+ else if (sub3)
+ rid = sub3;
+ else if (sub2)
+ rid = sub2;
+ else
+ rid = sub1;
+ printf ("%ls:*:%" PRIu32 ":%" PRIu32 ":,%s::\n",
+ user, (unsigned int) rid,
+ (unsigned int) (rid == 18 ? 544 : rid), /* SYSTEM hack */
+ put_sid (sid));
+ }
+ FreeSid (sid);
+ }
+}
+
static int
usage (FILE * stream)
{
fprintf (stream,
"Usage: %s [OPTIONS]...\n"
"\n"
-"Write /etc/passwd-like output to stdout\n"
-"\n"
-"Don't use this command to generate a local /etc/passwd file, unless you\n"
-"really need one. See the Cygwin User's Guide for more information.\n"
+"Print /etc/passwd file to stdout\n"
"\n"
"Options:\n"
"\n"
-" -l,--local [machine] print local user accounts of \"machine\"\n"
+" -l,--local [machine[,offset]]\n"
+" print local user accounts with uid offset offset\n"
" (from local machine if no machine specified)\n"
-" -d,--domain [domain] print domain accounts\n"
+" -L,--Local [machine[,offset]]\n"
+" ditto, but generate username with machine prefix\n"
+" -d,--domain [domain[,offset]]\n"
+" print domain accounts with uid offset offset\n"
" (from current domain if no domain specified)\n"
+" -D,--Domain [domain[,offset]]\n"
+" ditto, but generate username with domain prefix\n"
" -c,--current print current user\n"
-" -S,--separator char for -l use character char as domain\\user\n"
-" separator in username instead of the default '%s'\n"
-" -o,--id-offset offset change the default offset (0x10000) added to uids\n"
-" of foreign local machine accounts. Use with -l.\n"
+" -C,--Current ditto, but generate username with machine or\n"
+" domain prefix\n"
+" -S,--separator char for -L, -D, -C use character char as domain\\user\n"
+" separator in username instead of the default '\\'\n"
+" -o,--id-offset offset change the default offset (10000) added to uids\n"
+" in domain or foreign server accounts.\n"
" -u,--username username only return information for the specified user\n"
-" one of -l, -d must be specified, too\n"
-" -b,--no-builtin don't print BUILTIN users\n"
+" one of -l, -L, -d, -D must be specified, too\n"
" -p,--path-to-home path use specified path instead of user account home dir\n"
" or /home prefix\n"
-" -U,--unix userlist print UNIX users when using -l on a UNIX Samba\n"
-" server. userlist is a comma-separated list of\n"
-" usernames or uid ranges (root,-25,50-100).\n"
+" -U,--unix userlist additionally print UNIX users when using -l or -L\n"
+" on a UNIX Samba server\n"
+" userlist is a comma-separated list of usernames\n"
+" or uid ranges (root,-25,50-100).\n"
" (enumerating large ranges can take a long time!)\n"
+" -s,--no-sids (ignored)\n"
+" -m,--no-mount (ignored)\n"
+" -g,--local-groups (ignored)\n"
" -h,--help displays this message\n"
" -V,--version version information and exit\n"
"\n"
"Default is to print local accounts on stand-alone machines, domain accounts\n"
"on domain controllers and domain member machines.\n"
-"\n", program_invocation_short_name,
- (const char *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETNSSSEP));
+"\n", program_invocation_short_name);
return 1;
}
static struct option longopts[] = {
- {"no-builtin", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
{"current", no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
{"Current", no_argument, NULL, 'C'},
{"domain", optional_argument, NULL, 'd'},
@@ -418,7 +574,7 @@ static struct option longopts[] = {
{0, no_argument, NULL, 0}
};
-static char opts[] = "bcCd::D::ghl::L::mo:sS:p:u:U:V";
+static char opts[] = "cCd::D::ghl::L::mo:sS:p:u:U:V";
static void
print_version ()
@@ -434,6 +590,66 @@ print_version ()
strrchr (__DATE__, ' ') + 1);
}
+static void
+print_special_by_name (PCWSTR name, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)
+{
+ DWORD size = 256, dom_size = 256;
+ PSID sid = (PSID) alloca (size);
+ WCHAR dom[dom_size];
+ SID_NAME_USE use;
+
+ PWCHAR name_only = wcschr (name, L'\\');
+ if (name_only)
+ ++name_only;
+
+ if (LookupAccountNameW (NULL, name, sid, &size, dom, &dom_size, &use))
+ printf ("%ls:*:%lu:%lu:U-%ls%s%ls,%s::\n",
+ name_only ?: name,
+ (unsigned long) uid,
+ (unsigned long) gid,
+ name_only ? dom : L"",
+ name_only ? "\\" : "",
+ name_only ?: name,
+ put_sid (sid));
+}
+
+static void
+enum_std_accounts ()
+{
+ /* Generate service starter account entries. */
+ printf ("SYSTEM:*:18:544:,S-1-5-18::\n");
+ printf ("LocalService:*:19:544:U-NT AUTHORITY\\LocalService,S-1-5-19::\n");
+ printf ("NetworkService:*:20:544:U-NT AUTHORITY\\NetworkService,S-1-5-20::\n");
+ /* Get 'administrators' group (has localized name). */
+ print_special_by_sid (&sid_nt_auth, 2, SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID,
+ DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+ /* Fetch "TrustedInstaller" account starting with Vista. */
+ print_special_by_name (L"NT SERVICE\\TrustedInstaller", -2, -2);
+}
+
+static PPOLICY_PRIMARY_DOMAIN_INFO p_dom;
+
+static BOOL
+fetch_primary_domain ()
+{
+ NTSTATUS status;
+ LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES oa = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+ LSA_HANDLE lsa;
+
+ if (!p_dom)
+ {
+ status = LsaOpenPolicy (NULL, &oa, POLICY_VIEW_LOCAL_INFORMATION, &lsa);
+ if (!NT_SUCCESS (status))
+ return FALSE;
+ status = LsaQueryInformationPolicy (lsa, PolicyPrimaryDomainInformation,
+ (PVOID *) ((void *) &p_dom));
+ LsaClose (lsa);
+ if (!NT_SUCCESS (status))
+ return FALSE;
+ }
+ return !!p_dom->Sid;
+}
+
int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
@@ -441,14 +657,13 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
domlist_t domlist[32];
char *opt, *p, *ep;
int print_current = 0;
- int print_builtin = 1;
char *print_unix = NULL;
- const char *nss_sep = (const char *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETNSSSEP);
- const char *sep_char = nss_sep;
- DWORD id_offset = 0x10000, off;
+ const char *sep_char = "\\";
+ DWORD id_offset = 10000, off;
int c, i;
char *disp_username = NULL;
char passed_home_path[PATH_MAX];
+ BOOL in_domain;
int optional_args = 0;
passed_home_path[0] = '\0';
@@ -459,23 +674,18 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
setlocale (LC_CTYPE, "");
if (!strcmp (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "C"))
setlocale (LC_CTYPE, "en_US.UTF-8");
+ in_domain = fetch_primary_domain ();
fetch_current_user_sid ();
if (argc == 1)
{
- int enums = ENUM_PRIMARY | ENUM_LOCAL | ENUM_BUILTIN;
- uintptr_t ticket = cygwin_internal (CW_SETENT, FALSE, enums, NULL);
- if (ticket)
- {
- struct passwd *pwd;
-
- while ((pwd = (struct passwd *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETENT, FALSE,
- ticket)))
- printf ("%s:%s:%u:%u:%s:%s:%s\n", pwd->pw_name, pwd->pw_passwd,
- pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid, pwd->pw_gecos, pwd->pw_dir,
- pwd->pw_shell);
- cygwin_internal (CW_ENDENT, FALSE, ticket);
- }
+ enum_std_accounts ();
+ if (in_domain)
+ enum_users (TRUE, NULL, sep_char, passed_home_path, 10000,
+ disp_username, 0);
+ else
+ enum_users (FALSE, NULL, sep_char, passed_home_path, 0,
+ disp_username, 0);
return 0;
}
@@ -511,40 +721,32 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
program_invocation_short_name,
domlist[i].domain ? "domain" : "machine",
domlist[i].str);
- break;
+ goto skip;
}
domlist[print_domlist].str = opt;
+ domlist[print_domlist].id_offset = UINT32_MAX;
if (opt && (p = strchr (opt, ',')))
{
- if (p == opt)
+ if (p == opt
+ || !isdigit ((unsigned char) p[1])
+ || (domlist[print_domlist].id_offset = strtol (p + 1, &ep, 10)
+ , *ep))
{
- fprintf (stderr, "%s: Malformed domain string '%s'. "
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: Malformed domain,offset string '%s'. "
"Skipping...\n", program_invocation_short_name, opt);
break;
}
*p = '\0';
}
- if ((c == 'l' || c == 'L') && opt)
- {
- char cname[1024];
- DWORD csize = sizeof cname;
-
- /* Check if machine name is local machine. Keep it simple. */
- if (GetComputerNameExA (strchr (opt, '.')
- ? ComputerNameDnsFullyQualified
- : ComputerNameNetBIOS,
- cname, &csize)
- && strcasecmp (opt, cname) == 0)
- domlist[print_domlist].str = NULL;
- }
- ++print_domlist;
+ domlist[print_domlist++].with_dom = (c == 'D' || c == 'L');
+skip:
break;
case 'S':
sep_char = optarg;
if (strlen (sep_char) > 1)
{
- fprintf (stderr, "%s: Only one ASCII character allowed as "
- "domain\\user separator character.\n",
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: Only one character allowed as domain\\user "
+ "separator character.\n",
program_invocation_short_name);
return 1;
}
@@ -559,14 +761,19 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
print_unix = optarg;
break;
case 'c':
+ sep_char = NULL;
+ /*FALLTHRU*/
case 'C':
print_current = 1;
break;
case 'o':
id_offset = strtoul (optarg, &ep, 10);
- break;
- case 'b':
- print_builtin = 0;
+ if (*ep)
+ {
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s: Malformed offset '%s'. "
+ "Skipping...\n", program_invocation_short_name, optarg);
+ return 1;
+ }
break;
case 'p':
if (optarg[0] != '/')
@@ -607,91 +814,24 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
exit (1);
}
- struct passwd *ppwd = NULL;
- const char *ppwd_sid = NULL;
- if (print_current)
- {
- ppwd = (struct passwd *) cygwin_internal (CW_GETPWSID, TRUE,
- curr_user.psid);
- if (ppwd)
- ppwd_sid = strrchr (ppwd->pw_gecos, ',');
- }
-
- int enums = ENUM_NONE;
- WCHAR tdoms[print_domlist * 258];
- PWCHAR t = tdoms;
- if (!disp_username && print_builtin && print_domlist)
- enums |= ENUM_BUILTIN;
+ off = id_offset;
for (i = 0; i < print_domlist; ++i)
{
- if (domlist[i].domain)
- {
- if (domlist[i].str)
- {
- enums |= ENUM_TDOMS;
- t += mbstowcs (t, domlist[i].str, 257);
- *t++ = L'\0';
- }
- else
- enums |= ENUM_PRIMARY;
- }
- else if (!domlist[i].str)
- enums |= ENUM_LOCAL;
- }
- if (t > tdoms)
- *t++ = L'\0';
- if (enums)
- {
- uintptr_t ticket = cygwin_internal (CW_SETENT, FALSE, enums,
- t > tdoms ? tdoms : NULL);
- if (ticket)
- {
- struct passwd *pwd;
-
- while ((pwd = (struct passwd *)
- cygwin_internal (CW_GETENT, FALSE, ticket)))
- {
- p = NULL;
- if (disp_username
- && strcasecmp (disp_username, pwd->pw_name) != 0
- && (!(p = strchr (pwd->pw_name, nss_sep[0]))
- || strcasecmp (disp_username, p + 1) != 0))
- continue;
- printf ("%s:%s:%u:%u:%s:%s%s:%s\n", pwd->pw_name, pwd->pw_passwd,
- pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid, pwd->pw_gecos,
- passed_home_path[0] ? passed_home_path : "",
- passed_home_path[0] ? (p ? p + 1 : pwd->pw_name)
- : pwd->pw_dir,
- pwd->pw_shell);
- const char *pwd_sid = strrchr (pwd->pw_gecos, ',');
- if (ppwd && ppwd_sid && pwd_sid && !strcmp (pwd_sid, ppwd_sid))
- got_curr_user = TRUE;
- }
- cygwin_internal (CW_ENDENT, FALSE, ticket);
- }
+ DWORD my_off = (domlist[i].domain || domlist[i].str)
+ ? domlist[i].id_offset != UINT_MAX
+ ? domlist[i].id_offset : off : 0;
+ if (!domlist[i].domain && domlist[i].str && print_unix)
+ enum_unix_users (domlist + i, sep_char, my_off, print_unix);
+ if (!my_off && !disp_username)
+ enum_std_accounts ();
+ enum_users (domlist[i].domain, domlist + i, sep_char, passed_home_path,
+ my_off, disp_username, print_current);
+ if (my_off)
+ off += id_offset;
}
if (print_current && !got_curr_user)
- {
- p = strchr (ppwd->pw_name, nss_sep[0]);
- printf ("%s:%s:%u:%u:%s:%s%s:%s\n", ppwd->pw_name, ppwd->pw_passwd,
- ppwd->pw_uid, ppwd->pw_gid, ppwd->pw_gecos,
- passed_home_path[0] ? passed_home_path : "",
- passed_home_path[0] ? (p ? p + 1 : ppwd->pw_name) : ppwd->pw_dir,
- ppwd->pw_shell);
- }
-
- off = 0xfd000000;
- for (i = 0; i < print_domlist; ++i)
- {
- if (domlist[i].domain || !domlist[i].str)
- continue;
- enum_users (domlist + i, sep_char, passed_home_path, off, disp_username,
- print_current);
- if (!domlist[i].domain && domlist[i].str && print_unix)
- enum_unix_users (domlist + i, sep_char, 0xff000000, print_unix);
- off += id_offset;
- }
+ current_user (sep_char, passed_home_path, off, disp_username);
return 0;
}
diff --git a/winsup/utils/passwd.c b/winsup/utils/passwd.c
index 2046849a1..991935a2a 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/passwd.c
+++ b/winsup/utils/passwd.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
/* passwd.c: Changing passwords and managing account information
Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012,
- 2013, 2014 Red Hat, Inc.
+ 2013 Red Hat, Inc.
Written by Corinna Vinschen <corinna.vinschen@cityweb.de>
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ EvalRet (int ret, const char *user)
return 0;
case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
- if (!user)
+ if (! user)
eprint (0, "You may not change password expiry information.");
else
eprint (0, "You may not change the password for %s.", user);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ ChangePW (const char *user, const char *oldpwd, const char *pwd, int justcheck,
mbstowcs (name, user, UNLEN + 1);
mbstowcs (pass, pwd, 512);
- if (!oldpwd)
+ if (! oldpwd)
{
USER_INFO_1003 ui;
@@ -167,8 +167,10 @@ ChangePW (const char *user, const char *oldpwd, const char *pwd, int justcheck,
}
if (justcheck && ret != ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD)
return 0;
- if (!EvalRet (ret, user) && !justcheck)
- eprint (0, "Password changed.");
+ if (! EvalRet (ret, user) && ! justcheck)
+ {
+ eprint (0, "Password changed.");
+ }
return ret;
}
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ PrintPW (PUSER_INFO_3 ui, LPCWSTR server)
(ui->usri3_password_expired) ? "yes\n" : "no\n");
printf ("Latest password change : %s", ctime(&t));
ret = NetUserModalsGet (server, 0, (void *) &mi);
- if (!ret)
+ if (! ret)
{
if (mi->usrmod0_max_passwd_age == TIMEQ_FOREVER)
mi->usrmod0_max_passwd_age = 0;
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ SetModals (int xarg, int narg, int iarg, int Larg, LPCWSTR server)
PUSER_MODALS_INFO_0 mi;
ret = NetUserModalsGet (server, 0, (void *) &mi);
- if (!ret)
+ if (! ret)
{
if (xarg == 0)
mi->usrmod0_max_passwd_age = TIMEQ_FOREVER;
@@ -275,8 +277,8 @@ usage (FILE * stream, int status)
"System operations:\n"
" -i, --inactive NUM set NUM of days before inactive accounts are disabled\n"
" (inactive accounts are those with expired passwords).\n"
- " -n, --minage MINDAYS set system minimum password age to MINDAYS days.\n"
- " -x, --maxage MAXDAYS set system maximum password age to MAXDAYS days.\n"
+ " -n, --minage DAYS set system minimum password age to DAYS days.\n"
+ " -x, --maxage DAYS set system maximum password age to DAYS days.\n"
" -L, --length LEN set system minimum password length to LEN.\n"
"\n"
"Other options:\n"
@@ -591,7 +593,7 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
}
ui = GetPW (user, 1, server);
- if (!ui)
+ if (! ui)
return 1;
if (lopt || uopt || copt || Copt || eopt || Eopt || popt || Popt || Sopt)
@@ -634,6 +636,9 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
if (!caller_is_admin () && !myself)
return eprint (0, "You may not change the password for %s.", user);
+ eprint (0, "Enter the new password (minimum of 5, maximum of 8 characters).");
+ eprint (0, "Please use a combination of upper and lower case letters and numbers.");
+
oldpwd[0] = '\0';
if (!caller_is_admin ())
{
@@ -647,11 +652,11 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
strcpy (newpwd, getpass ("New password: "));
if (strcmp (newpwd, getpass ("Re-enter new password: ")))
eprint (0, "Password is not identical.");
- else if (!ChangePW (user, *oldpwd ? oldpwd : NULL, newpwd, 0, server))
+ else if (! ChangePW (user, *oldpwd ? oldpwd : NULL, newpwd, 0, server))
ret = 1;
- if (!ret && cnt < 2)
+ if (! ret && cnt < 2)
eprint (0, "Try again.");
}
- while (!ret && ++cnt < 3);
- return !ret;
+ while (! ret && ++cnt < 3);
+ return ! ret;
}
diff --git a/winsup/utils/setfacl.c b/winsup/utils/setfacl.c
index 9051fb355..66739c043 100644
--- a/winsup/utils/setfacl.c
+++ b/winsup/utils/setfacl.c
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
/* setfacl.c
- Copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014
- Red Hat Inc.
+ Copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Red Hat Inc.
Written by Corinna Vinschen <vinschen@redhat.com>
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ typedef enum {
Modify,
Delete,
ModNDel,
- DeleteAll,
SetFromFile
} action_t;
@@ -109,22 +107,16 @@ getaclentry (action_t action, char *c, aclent_t *ace)
return FALSE;
/* Skip to next field. */
c = c2;
- if (!*c)
- {
- /* Nothing follows. This is only valid if action is Delete and the
- type is CLASS_OBJ, or if ACL_DEFAULT is set. */
- if (action != Delete
- || (!(ace->a_type & (CLASS_OBJ | ACL_DEFAULT))))
- return FALSE;
- }
- else if (!(ace->a_type & (USER_OBJ | GROUP_OBJ)))
+ if (!*c && action != Delete)
+ return FALSE;
+ /* If this is a user or group entry, check if next char is a colon char.
+ If so, skip it, otherwise it's the name of a user or group. */
+ if (!(ace->a_type & (USER_OBJ | GROUP_OBJ)))
{
/* Mask and other entries may contain an extra colon. */
if (*c == ':')
++c;
}
- /* If this is a user or group entry, check if next char is a colon char.
- If so, skip it, otherwise it's the name of a user or group. */
else if (*c == ':')
++c;
else if (*c)
@@ -138,6 +130,8 @@ getaclentry (action_t action, char *c, aclent_t *ace)
*c2++ = '\0';
else if (action != Delete)
return FALSE;
+ else if (!(ace->a_type & ACL_DEFAULT))
+ return FALSE;
/* Fetch user/group id. */
if (isdigit ((unsigned char) *c))
{
@@ -268,130 +262,26 @@ modacl (aclent_t *tgt, int tcnt, aclent_t *src, int scnt)
}
int
-addmissing (aclent_t *tgt, int tcnt)
-{
- int t;
- int types = 0, def_types = 0;
- int perm = 0, def_perm = 0;
-
- /* Check if we have all the required entries now. */
- for (t = 0; t < tcnt; ++t)
- if (tgt[t].a_type & ACL_DEFAULT)
- {
- def_types |= tgt[t].a_type;
- if (tgt[t].a_type & (USER | GROUP | GROUP_OBJ))
- def_perm |= tgt[t].a_perm;
- }
- else
- {
- types |= tgt[t].a_type;
- if (tgt[t].a_type & (USER | GROUP | GROUP_OBJ))
- perm |= tgt[t].a_perm;
- }
- /* Add missing CLASS_OBJ */
- if ((types & (USER | GROUP)) && !(types & CLASS_OBJ))
- {
- tgt[tcnt].a_type = CLASS_OBJ;
- tgt[tcnt].a_id = (uid_t) -1;
- tgt[tcnt++].a_perm = perm;
- }
- if (def_types)
- {
- /* Add missing default entries. */
- if (!(def_types & USER_OBJ) && tcnt < MAX_ACL_ENTRIES)
- {
- t = searchace (tgt, tcnt, USER_OBJ, -1);
- tgt[tcnt].a_type = DEF_USER_OBJ;
- tgt[tcnt].a_id = (uid_t) -1;
- tgt[tcnt++].a_perm = t >= 0 ? tgt[t].a_perm : S_IRWXO;
- }
- if (!(def_types & GROUP_OBJ) && tcnt < MAX_ACL_ENTRIES)
- {
- t = searchace (tgt, tcnt, GROUP_OBJ, -1);
- tgt[tcnt].a_type = DEF_GROUP_OBJ;
- tgt[tcnt].a_id = (uid_t) -1;
- tgt[tcnt].a_perm = t >= 0 ? tgt[t].a_perm : (S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
- def_perm |= tgt[tcnt++].a_perm;
- }
- if (!(def_types & OTHER_OBJ) && tcnt < MAX_ACL_ENTRIES)
- {
- t = searchace (tgt, tcnt, OTHER_OBJ, -1);
- tgt[tcnt].a_type = DEF_OTHER_OBJ;
- tgt[tcnt].a_id = (uid_t) -1;
- tgt[tcnt++].a_perm = t >= 0 ? tgt[t].a_perm : (S_IROTH | S_IXOTH);
- }
- /* Add missing DEF_CLASS_OBJ */
- if ((def_types & (USER | GROUP)) && !(def_types & CLASS_OBJ))
- {
- tgt[tcnt].a_type = DEF_CLASS_OBJ;
- tgt[tcnt].a_id = (uid_t) -1;
- tgt[tcnt++].a_perm = def_perm;
- }
- }
- return tcnt;
-}
-
-int
-delacl (aclent_t *tgt, int tcnt)
-{
- int t;
-
- /* Remove all extended ACL entries. */
- for (t = 0; t < tcnt; ++t)
- if (tgt[t].a_type & (USER | GROUP | CLASS_OBJ))
- {
- --tcnt;
- if (t < tcnt)
- memmove (&tgt[t], &tgt[t + 1], (tcnt - t) * sizeof (aclent_t));
- --t;
- }
- return tcnt;
-}
-
-int
-setfacl (action_t action, const char *path, aclent_t *acls, int cnt)
+setfacl (action_t action, char *path, aclent_t *acls, int cnt)
{
aclent_t lacl[MAX_ACL_ENTRIES];
int lcnt;
memset (lacl, 0, sizeof lacl);
- switch (action)
+ if (action == Set)
{
- case Set:
if (acl (path, SETACL, cnt, acls))
{
perror (prog_name);
return 2;
}
- break;
- case Delete:
- if ((lcnt = acl (path, GETACL, MAX_ACL_ENTRIES, lacl)) < 0
- || (lcnt = modacl (lacl, lcnt, acls, cnt)) < 0
- || (lcnt = acl (path, SETACL, lcnt, lacl)) < 0)
- {
- perror (prog_name);
- return 2;
- }
- break;
- case DeleteAll:
- if ((lcnt = acl (path, GETACL, MAX_ACL_ENTRIES, lacl)) < 0
- || (lcnt = delacl (lacl, lcnt)) < 0
- || (lcnt = acl (path, SETACL, lcnt, lacl)) < 0)
- {
- perror (prog_name);
- return 2;
- }
- break;
- default:
- if ((lcnt = acl (path, GETACL, MAX_ACL_ENTRIES, lacl)) < 0
- || (lcnt = modacl (lacl, lcnt, acls, cnt)) < 0
- || (lcnt = addmissing (lacl, lcnt)) < 0
- || (lcnt = acl (path, SETACL, lcnt, lacl)) < 0)
- {
- perror (prog_name);
- return 2;
- }
- break;
+ }
+ else if ((lcnt = acl (path, GETACL, MAX_ACL_ENTRIES, lacl)) < 0
+ || (lcnt = modacl (lacl, lcnt, acls, cnt)) < 0
+ || (lcnt = acl (path, SETACL, lcnt, lacl)) < 0)
+ {
+ perror (prog_name);
+ return 2;
}
return 0;
}
@@ -400,12 +290,11 @@ static void
usage (FILE * stream)
{
fprintf (stream, ""
- "Usage: %s [-r] {-f ACL_FILE | -s acl_entries} FILE...\n"
- " %s [-r] {-b|[-d acl_entries] [-m acl_entries]} FILE...\n"
+ "Usage: %s [-r] (-f ACL_FILE | -s acl_entries) FILE...\n"
+ " %s [-r] ([-d acl_entries] [-m acl_entries]) FILE...\n"
"\n"
"Modify file and directory access control lists (ACLs)\n"
"\n"
- " -b, --remove-all remove all extended ACL entries\n"
" -d, --delete delete one or more specified ACL entries\n"
" -f, --file set ACL entries for FILE to ACL entries read\n"
" from a ACL_FILE\n"
@@ -417,7 +306,7 @@ usage (FILE * stream)
" -h, --help output usage information and exit\n"
" -V, --version output version information and exit\n"
"\n"
- "At least one of (-b, -d, -f, -m, -s) must be specified\n"
+ "At least one of (-d, -f, -m, -s) must be specified\n"
"\n", prog_name, prog_name);
if (stream == stdout)
{
@@ -451,21 +340,17 @@ usage (FILE * stream)
"\n"
"The following options are supported:\n"
"\n"
- "-b Remove all extended ACL entries. The base ACL entries of the\n"
- " owner, group and others are retained.\n"
- "\n"
"-d Delete one or more specified entries from the file's ACL.\n"
" The owner, group and others entries must not be deleted.\n"
" Acl_entries to be deleted should be specified without\n"
" permissions, as in the following list:\n"
"\n"
- " u[ser]:uid[:]\n"
- " g[roup]:gid[:]\n"
- " m[ask][:]\n"
- " d[efault]:u[ser][:uid]\n"
- " d[efault]:g[roup][:gid]\n"
- " d[efault]:m[ask][:]\n"
- " d[efault]:o[ther][:]\n"
+ " u[ser]:uid\n"
+ " g[roup]:gid\n"
+ " d[efault]:u[ser]:uid\n"
+ " d[efault]:g[roup]:gid\n"
+ " d[efault]:m[ask]:\n"
+ " d[efault]:o[ther]:\n"
"\n"
"-f Take the Acl_entries from ACL_FILE one per line. Whitespace\n"
" characters are ignored, and the character \"#\" may be used\n"
@@ -502,14 +387,14 @@ usage (FILE * stream)
"in a directory that contains default ACL entries will have\n"
"permissions according to the combination of the current umask,\n"
"the explicit permissions requested and the default ACL entries\n"
- "\n", prog_name);
+ "Note: Under Cygwin, the default ACL entries are not taken into\n"
+ "account currently.\n\n", prog_name);
}
else
fprintf(stream, "Try '%s --help' for more information.\n", prog_name);
}
struct option longopts[] = {
- {"remove-all", no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
{"delete", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
{"file", required_argument, NULL, 'f'},
{"modify", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
@@ -519,7 +404,7 @@ struct option longopts[] = {
{"version", no_argument, NULL, 'V'},
{0, no_argument, NULL, 0}
};
-const char *opts = "bd:f:hm:rs:V";
+const char *opts = "d:f:hm:rs:V";
static void
print_version ()
@@ -551,15 +436,6 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
while ((c = getopt_long (argc, argv, opts, longopts, NULL)) != EOF)
switch (c)
{
- case 'b':
- if (action == NoAction)
- action = DeleteAll;
- else
- {
- usage (stderr);
- return 1;
- }
- break;
case 'd':
if (action == NoAction)
action = Delete;
diff --git a/winsup/utils/utils.xml b/winsup/utils/utils.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b7e8ff81d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/winsup/utils/utils.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,2127 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>
+<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.5//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
+
+<sect1 id="using-utils">
+ <title>Cygwin Utilities</title>
+
+ <para>Cygwin comes with a number of command-line utilities that are used to
+ manage the UNIX emulation portion of the Cygwin environment. While many of
+ these reflect their UNIX counterparts, each was written specifically for
+ Cygwin. You may use the long or short option names interchangeably; for
+ example, <literal>--help</literal> and <literal>-h</literal> function
+ identically. All of the Cygwin command-line utilities support the
+ <literal>--help</literal> and <literal>--version</literal> options. </para>
+
+ <sect2 id="cygcheck">
+ <title>cygcheck</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: cygcheck [-v] [-h] PROGRAM
+ cygcheck -c [-d] [PACKAGE]
+ cygcheck -s [-r] [-v] [-h]
+ cygcheck -k
+ cygcheck -f FILE [FILE]...
+ cygcheck -l [PACKAGE]...
+ cygcheck -p REGEXP
+ cygcheck --delete-orphaned-installation-keys
+ cygcheck --enable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
+ cygcheck --disable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
+ cygcheck --show-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
+ cygcheck -h
+
+List system information, check installed packages, or query package database.
+
+At least one command option or a PROGRAM is required, as shown above.
+
+ PROGRAM list library (DLL) dependencies of PROGRAM
+ -c, --check-setup show installed version of PACKAGE and verify integrity
+ (or for all installed packages if none specified)
+ -d, --dump-only just list packages, do not verify (with -c)
+ -s, --sysinfo produce diagnostic system information (implies -c -d)
+ -r, --registry also scan registry for Cygwin settings (with -s)
+ -k, --keycheck perform a keyboard check session (must be run from a
+ plain console only, not from a pty/rxvt/xterm)
+ -f, --find-package find the package to which FILE belongs
+ -l, --list-package list contents of PACKAGE (or all packages if none given)
+ -p, --package-query search for REGEXP in the entire cygwin.com package
+ repository (requires internet connectivity)
+ --delete-orphaned-installation-keys
+ Delete installation keys of old, now unused
+ installations from the registry. Requires the right
+ to change the registry.
+ --enable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
+ --disable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
+ --show-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL
+ Enable, disable, or show the setting of the
+ \"unique object names\" setting in the Cygwin DLL
+ given as argument to this option. The DLL path must
+ be given as valid Windows(!) path.
+ See the users guide for more information.
+ If you don't know what this means, don't change it.
+ -v, --verbose produce more verbose output
+ -h, --help annotate output with explanatory comments when given
+ with another command, otherwise print this help
+ -V, --version print the version of cygcheck and exit
+
+Note: -c, -f, and -l only report on packages that are currently installed. To
+ search all official Cygwin packages use -p instead. The -p REGEXP matches
+ package names, descriptions, and names of files/paths within all packages.
+</screen>
+
+ <para> The <command>cygcheck</command> program is a diagnostic utility for
+ dealing with Cygwin programs. If you are familiar with
+ <command>dpkg</command> or <command>rpm</command>,
+ <command>cygcheck</command> is similar in many ways. (The major
+ difference is that <command>setup.exe</command> handles installing and
+ uninstalling packages; see <xref linkend="internet-setup"/> for more
+ information.) </para>
+ <para> The <literal>-c</literal> option checks the version and status of
+ installed Cygwin packages. If you specify one or more package names,
+ <command>cygcheck</command> will limit its output to those packages, or
+ with no arguments it lists all packages. A package will be marked
+ <literal>Incomplete</literal> if files originally installed are no longer
+ present. The best thing to do in that situation is reinstall the package
+ with <command>setup.exe</command>. To see which files are missing, use
+ the <literal>-v</literal> option. If you do not need to know the status
+ of each package and want <command>cygcheck</command> to run faster, add
+ the <literal>-d</literal> option and <command>cygcheck</command> will
+ only output the name and version for each package. </para>
+ <para> If you list one or more programs on the command line,
+ <command>cygcheck</command> will diagnose the runtime environment of that
+ program or programs, providing the names of DLL files on which the
+ program depends. If you specify the <literal>-s</literal> option,
+ <command>cygcheck</command> will give general system information. If you
+ list one or more programs on the command line and specify
+ <literal>-s</literal>, <command>cygcheck</command> will report on
+ both.</para>
+ <para> The <literal>-f</literal> option helps you to track down which
+ package a file came from, and <literal>-l</literal> lists all files in a
+ package. For example, to find out about
+ <filename>/usr/bin/less</filename> and its package: <example
+ id="utils-cygcheck-ex"><title>Example <command>cygcheck</command>
+ usage</title>
+ <screen>
+$ cygcheck -f /usr/bin/less
+less-381-1
+
+$ cygcheck -l less
+/usr/bin/less.exe
+/usr/bin/lessecho.exe
+/usr/bin/lesskey.exe
+/usr/man/man1/less.1
+/usr/man/man1/lesskey.1
+</screen>
+ </example> </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-h</literal> option prints additional helpful messages
+ in the report, at the beginning of each section. It also adds table
+ column headings. While this is useful information, it also adds some to
+ the size of the report, so if you want a compact report or if you know
+ what everything is already, just leave this out.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-v</literal> option causes the output to be more
+ verbose. What this means is that additional information will be reported
+ which is usually not interesting, such as the internal version numbers of
+ DLLs, additional information about recursive DLL usage, and if a file in
+ one directory in the PATH also occurs in other directories on the PATH. </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-r</literal> option causes <command>cygcheck</command>
+ to search your registry for information that is relevant to Cygwin
+ programs. These registry entries are the ones that have "Cygwin" in the
+ name. If you are paranoid about privacy, you may remove information from
+ this report, but please keep in mind that doing so makes it harder to
+ diagnose your problems.</para>
+
+ <para>In contrast to the other options that search the packages that are
+ installed on your local system, the <literal>-p</literal> option can be
+ used to search the entire official Cygwin package repository. It takes as
+ argument a Perl-compatible regular expression which is used to match
+ package names, package descriptions, and path/filenames of the contents
+ of packages. This feature requires an active internet connection, since
+ it must query the <literal>cygwin.com</literal> web site. In fact, it is
+ equivalent to the search that is available on the <ulink
+ url="http://cygwin.com/packages/">Cygwin package listing</ulink>
+ page.</para>
+
+ <para>For example, perhaps you are getting an error because you are missing
+ a certain DLL and you want to know which package includes that file:
+ <example id="utils-search-ex"><title>Searching all packages for a
+ file</title>
+ <screen>
+$ cygcheck -p 'cygintl-2\.dll'
+Found 1 matches for 'cygintl-2\.dll'.
+
+libintl2-0.12.1-3 GNU Internationalization runtime library
+
+$ cygcheck -p 'libexpat.*\.a'
+Found 2 matches for 'libexpat.*\.a'.
+
+expat-1.95.7-1 XML parser library written in C
+expat-1.95.8-1 XML parser library written in C
+
+$ cygcheck -p '/ls\.exe'
+Found 2 matches for '/ls\.exe'.
+
+coreutils-5.2.1-5 GNU core utilities (includes fileutils, sh-utils and textutils)
+coreutils-5.3.0-6 GNU core utilities (includes fileutils, sh-utils and textutils)
+</screen>
+ </example> </para>
+
+ <para>Note that this option takes a regular expression, not a glob or
+ wildcard. This means that you need to use <literal>.*</literal> if you
+ want something similar to the wildcard <literal>*</literal> commonly used
+ in filename globbing. Similarly, to match the period character you should
+ use <literal>\.</literal> since the <literal>.</literal> character in a
+ regexp is a metacharacter that will match any character. Also be aware
+ that the characters such as <literal>\</literal> and <literal>*</literal>
+ are shell metacharacters, so they must be either escaped or quoted, as in
+ the example above.</para>
+
+ <para>The third example above illustrates that if you want to match a whole
+ filename, you should include the <literal>/</literal> path seperator. In
+ the given example this ensures that filenames that happen to end in
+ <literal>ls.exe</literal> such as <literal>ncftpls.exe</literal> are not
+ shown. Note that this use does not mean "look for packages with
+ <literal>ls</literal> in the root directory," since the
+ <literal>/</literal> can match anywhere in the path. It's just there to
+ anchor the match so that it matches a full filename.</para>
+
+ <para>By default the matching is case-sensitive. To get a case insensitive
+ match, begin your regexp with <literal>(?i)</literal> which is a
+ PCRE-specific feature. For complete documentation on Perl-compatible
+ regular expression syntax and options, read the <command>perlre</command>
+ manpage, or one of many websites such as <literal>perldoc.com</literal>
+ that document the Perl language.</para>
+
+ <para>The <command>cygcheck</command> program should be used to send
+ information about your system for troubleshooting when requested. When
+ asked to run this command save the output so that you can email it, for
+ example:</para>
+
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>cygcheck -s -v -r -h &gt; cygcheck_output.txt</userinput>
+</screen>
+
+ <para> Each Cygwin DLL stores its path and installation key in the
+ registry. This allows troubleshooting of problems which could be a result
+ of having multiple concurrent Cygwin installations. However, if you're
+ experimenting a lot with different Cygwin installation paths, your
+ registry could accumulate a lot of old Cygwin installation entries for
+ which the installation doesn't exist anymore. To get rid of these
+ orphaned registry entries, use the <command>cygcheck
+ --delete-orphaned-installation-keys</command> command.</para>
+
+ <para> Each Cygwin DLL generates a key value from its installation path.
+ This value is not only stored in the registry, it's also used to generate
+ global object names used for interprocess communication. This keeps
+ different Cygwin installations separate. Processes running under a Cygwin
+ DLL installed in C:\cygwin don't see processes running under a Cygwin DLL
+ installed in C:\Program Files\cygwin. This allows running multiple
+ versions of Cygwin DLLs without these versions to interfere with each
+ other, or to run small third-party installations for a specific purpose
+ independently from a Cygwin net distribution. </para>
+
+ <para> For debugging purposes it could be desired that the various Cygwin
+ DLLs use the same key, independently from their installation paths. If
+ the DLLs have different versions, trying to run processes under these
+ DLLs concurrently will result in error messages like this one:</para>
+
+ <screen>
+*** shared version mismatch detected - 0x8A88009C/0x75BE0074.
+This problem is probably due to using incompatible versions of the Cygwin DLL.
+Search for cygwin1.dll using the Windows Start->Find/Search facility
+and delete all but the most recent version. The most recent version *should*
+reside in x:\\cygwin\\bin, where 'x' is the drive on which you have
+installed the cygwin distribution. Rebooting is also suggested if you
+are unable to find another Cygwin DLL.
+</screen>
+
+ <para> To disable the usage of a unique key value of a certain Cygwin DLL,
+ use the <command>cygcheck --disable-unique-object-names
+ Cygwin-DLL</command> command. <literal>Cygwin-DLL</literal> is the
+ Windows path (*not* a Cygwin POSIX path) to the DLL for which you want to
+ disable this feature. Note that you have to stop all Cygwin processes
+ running under this DLL, before you're allowed to change this setting. For
+ instance, run <command>cygcheck</command> from a DOS command line for
+ this purpose.</para>
+
+ <para>To re-enable the usage of a unique key, use the <command>cygcheck
+ --enable-unique-object-names Cygwin-DLL</command> command. This option
+ has the same characteristics as the
+ <literal>--disable-unique-object-names</literal> option</para>
+
+ <para>Finally, you can use <command>cygcheck --show-unique-object-names
+ Cygwin-DLL</command> to find out if the given Cygwin DLL use unique
+ object names or not. In contrast to the <literal>--disable-...</literal>
+ and <literal>--enable-...</literal> options, the
+ <literal>--show-unique-object-names</literal> option also works for
+ Cygwin DLLs which are currently in use.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="cygpath">
+ <title>cygpath</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: cygpath (-d|-m|-u|-w|-t TYPE) [-f FILE] [OPTION]... NAME...
+ cygpath [-c HANDLE]
+ cygpath [-ADHOPSW]
+ cygpath [-F ID]
+
+Convert Unix and Windows format paths, or output system path information
+
+Output type options:
+
+ -d, --dos print DOS (short) form of NAMEs (C:\PROGRA~1\)
+ -m, --mixed like --windows, but with regular slashes (C:/WINNT)
+ -M, --mode report on mode of file (currently binmode or textmode)
+ -u, --unix (default) print Unix form of NAMEs (/cygdrive/c/winnt)
+ -w, --windows print Windows form of NAMEs (C:\WINNT)
+ -t, --type TYPE print TYPE form: 'dos', 'mixed', 'unix', or 'windows'
+
+Path conversion options:
+
+ -a, --absolute output absolute path
+ -l, --long-name print Windows long form of NAMEs (with -w, -m only)
+ -p, --path NAME is a PATH list (i.e., '/bin:/usr/bin')
+ -s, --short-name print DOS (short) form of NAMEs (with -w, -m only)
+ -C, --codepage CP print DOS, Windows, or mixed pathname in Windows
+ codepage CP. CP can be a numeric codepage identifier,
+ or one of the reserved words ANSI, OEM, or UTF8.
+ If this option is missing, cygpath defaults to the
+ character set defined by the current locale.
+
+System information:
+
+ -A, --allusers use `All Users' instead of current user for -D, -P
+ -D, --desktop output `Desktop' directory and exit
+ -H, --homeroot output `Profiles' directory (home root) and exit
+ -O, --mydocs output `My Documents' directory and exit
+ -P, --smprograms output Start Menu `Programs' directory and exit
+ -S, --sysdir output system directory and exit
+ -W, --windir output `Windows' directory and exit
+ -F, --folder ID output special folder with numeric ID and exit
+
+Other options:
+
+ -f, --file FILE read FILE for input; use - to read from STDIN
+ -o, --option read options from FILE as well (for use with --file)
+ -c, --close HANDLE close HANDLE (for use in captured process)
+ -i, --ignore ignore missing argument
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>cygpath</command> program is a utility that converts
+ Windows native filenames to Cygwin POSIX-style pathnames and vice versa.
+ It can be used when a Cygwin program needs to pass a file name to a
+ native Windows program, or expects to get a file name from a native
+ Windows program. Alternatively, <command>cygpath</command> can output
+ information about the location of important system directories in either
+ format. </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-u</literal> and <literal>-w</literal> options indicate
+ whether you want a conversion to UNIX (POSIX) format
+ (<literal>-u</literal>) or to Windows format (<literal>-w</literal>). Use
+ the <literal>-d</literal> to get DOS-style (8.3) file and path names. The
+ <literal>-m</literal> option will output Windows-style format but with
+ forward slashes instead of backslashes. This option is especially useful
+ in shell scripts, which use backslashes as an escape character.</para>
+
+ <para> In combination with the <literal>-w</literal> option, you can use
+ the <literal>-l</literal> and <literal>-s</literal> options to use normal
+ (long) or DOS-style (short) form. The <literal>-d</literal> option is
+ identical to <literal>-w</literal> and <literal>-s</literal> together. </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-C</literal> option allows to specify a Windows codepage
+ to print DOS and Windows paths created with one of the
+ <literal>-d</literal>, <literal>-m</literal>, or <literal>-w</literal>
+ options. The default is to use the character set of the current locale
+ defined by one of the internationalization environment variables
+ <envar>LC_ALL</envar>, <envar>LC_CTYPE</envar>, or <envar>LANG</envar>,
+ see <xref linkend="setup-locale"/>. This is sometimes not sufficient for
+ interaction with native Windows tools, which might expect native,
+ non-ASCII characters in a specific Windows codepage. Console tools, for
+ instance, might expect pathnames in the current OEM codepage, while
+ graphical tools like Windows Explorer might expect pathnames in the
+ current ANSI codepage.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-C</literal> option takes a single parameter:</para>
+ <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
+ <listitem>
+ <para><literal>ANSI</literal>, to specify the current ANSI
+ codepage</para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><literal>OEM</literal>, to specify the current OEM (console)
+ codepage</para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para><literal>UTF8</literal>, to specify UTF-8.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>A numerical, decimal codepage number, for instance 936 for GBK,
+ 28593 for ISO-8859-3, etc. A full list of supported codepages is
+ listed on the Microsoft MSDN page <ulink
+ url="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd317756(VS.85).aspx"
+ >Code Page Identifiers</ulink>. A codepage of 0 is the same as if the
+ <literal>-C</literal> hasn't been specified at all.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-p</literal> option means that you want to convert a
+ path-style string rather than a single filename. For example, the PATH
+ environment variable is semicolon-delimited in Windows, but
+ colon-delimited in UNIX. By giving <literal>-p</literal> you are
+ instructing <command>cygpath</command> to convert between these
+ formats.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-i</literal> option supresses the print out of the usage
+ message if no filename argument was given. It can be used in make file
+ rules converting variables that may be omitted to a proper format. Note
+ that <command>cygpath</command> output may contain spaces (C:\Program
+ Files) so should be enclosed in quotes. </para>
+
+
+ <example id="utils-cygpath-ex">
+ <title>Example <command>cygpath</command> usage</title>
+ <screen>
+<![CDATA[
+#!/bin/sh
+if [ "${1}" = "" ];
+ then
+ XPATH=".";
+ else
+ XPATH="$(cygpath -C ANSI -w "${1}")";
+fi
+explorer $XPATH &
+]]>
+</screen>
+ </example>
+
+ <para>The capital options <literal>-D</literal>, <literal>-H</literal>,
+ <literal>-P</literal>, <literal>-S</literal>, and <literal>-W</literal>
+ output directories used by Windows that are not the same on all systems,
+ for example <literal>-S</literal> might output C:\WINNT\system32 or
+ C:\Windows\System32. The <literal>-H</literal> shows the Windows profiles
+ directory that can be used as root of home. The <literal>-A</literal>
+ option forces use of the "All Users" directories instead of the current
+ user for the <literal>-D</literal>, <literal>-O</literal> and
+ <literal>-P</literal> options. The <literal>-F</literal> outputs other
+ special folders specified by their internal numeric code (decimal or
+ 0x-prefixed hex). For valid codes and symbolic names, see the CSIDL_*
+ definitions in the include file /usr/include/w32api/shlobj.h from package
+ w32api. The current valid range of codes for folders is 0 (Desktop) to 59
+ (CDBurn area). By default the output is in UNIX (POSIX) format; use the
+ <literal>-w</literal> or <literal>-d</literal> options to get other
+ formats.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="dumper">
+ <title>dumper</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: dumper [OPTION] FILENAME WIN32PID
+
+Dump core from WIN32PID to FILENAME.core
+
+-d, --verbose be verbose while dumping
+-h, --help output help information and exit
+-q, --quiet be quiet while dumping (default)
+-V, --version output version information and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>dumper</command> utility can be used to create a core
+ dump of running Windows process. This core dump can be later loaded to
+ <command>gdb</command> and analyzed. One common way to use
+ <command>dumper</command> is to plug it into cygwin's Just-In-Time
+ debugging facility by adding
+ <screen>
+error_start=x:\path\to\dumper.exe
+</screen> to the
+ <emphasis>CYGWIN</emphasis> environment variable. Please note that
+ <literal>x:\path\to\dumper.exe</literal> is Windows-style and not cygwin
+ path. If <literal>error_start</literal> is set this way, then dumper will
+ be started whenever some program encounters a fatal error. </para>
+
+ <para> <command>dumper</command> can be also be started from the command
+ line to create a core dump of any running process. Unfortunately, because
+ of a Windows API limitation, when a core dump is created and
+ <command>dumper</command> exits, the target process is terminated too. </para>
+
+ <para> To save space in the core dump, <command>dumper</command> doesn't
+ write those portions of target process' memory space that are loaded from
+ executable and dll files and are unchangeable, such as program code and
+ debug info. Instead, <command>dumper</command> saves paths to files which
+ contain that data. When a core dump is loaded into gdb, it uses these
+ paths to load appropriate files. That means that if you create a core
+ dump on one machine and try to debug it on another, you'll need to place
+ identical copies of the executable and dlls in the same directories as on
+ the machine where the core dump was created. </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="getconf">
+ <title>getconf</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: getconf [-v specification] variable_name [pathname]
+ getconf -a [pathname]
+
+Get configuration values
+
+ -v specification Indicate specific version for which configuration
+ values shall be fetched.
+ -a, --all Print all known configuration values
+
+Other options:
+
+ -h, --help This text
+ -V, --version Print program version and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>getconf</command> utility prints the value of the
+ configuration variable specified by <literal>variable_name</literal>. If
+ no <literal>pathname</literal> is given, <command>getconf</command>
+ serves as a wrapper for the <literal>confstr</literal> and
+ <literal>sysconf</literal> functions, supporting the symbolic constants
+ defined in the <literal>limits.h</literal> and
+ <literal>unistd.h</literal> headers, without their respective
+ <literal>_CS_</literal> or <literal>_SC_</literal> prefixes. </para>
+
+ <para>If <literal>pathname</literal> is given, <command>getconf</command>
+ prints the value of the configuration variable for the specified
+ pathname. In this form, <command>getconf</command> serves as a wrapper
+ for the <literal>pathconf</literal> function, supporting the symbolic
+ constants defined in the <literal>unistd.h</literal> header, without the
+ <literal>_PC_</literal> prefix. </para>
+
+ <para>If you specify the <literal>-v</literal> option, the parameter
+ denotes a specification for which the value of the configuration variable
+ should be printed. Note that the only specifications supported by Cygwin
+ are <literal>POSIX_V7_ILP32_OFFBIG</literal> and the legacy
+ <literal>POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG</literal> and
+ <literal>XBS5_ILP32_OFFBIG</literal> equivalents.</para>
+
+ <para>Use the <literal>-a</literal> option to print a list of all available
+ configuration variables for the system, or given
+ <literal>pathname</literal>, and their values.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="getfacl">
+ <title>getfacl</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: getfacl [-adn] FILE [FILE2...]
+
+Display file and directory access control lists (ACLs).
+
+ -a, --all display the filename, the owner, the group, and
+ the ACL of the file
+ -d, --dir display the filename, the owner, the group, and
+ the default ACL of the directory, if it exists
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -n, --noname display user and group IDs instead of names
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+
+When multiple files are specified on the command line, a blank
+line separates the ACLs for each file.
+</screen>
+
+ <para> For each argument that is a regular file, special file or directory,
+ <command>getfacl</command> displays the owner, the group, and the ACL.
+ For directories <command>getfacl</command> displays additionally the
+ default ACL. With no options specified, <command>getfacl</command>
+ displays the filename, the owner, the group, and both the ACL and the
+ default ACL, if it exists. For more information on Cygwin and Windows
+ ACLs, see <xref linkend="ntsec"/> in the Cygwin User's Guide. The format
+ for ACL output is as follows:
+ <screen>
+ # file: filename
+ # owner: name or uid
+ # group: name or uid
+ user::perm
+ user:name or uid:perm
+ group::perm
+ group:name or gid:perm
+ mask:perm
+ other:perm
+ default:user::perm
+ default:user:name or uid:perm
+ default:group::perm
+ default:group:name or gid:perm
+ default:mask:perm
+ default:other:perm
+</screen>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="kill">
+ <title>kill</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: kill [-f] [-signal] [-s signal] pid1 [pid2 ...]
+ kill -l [signal]
+
+Send signals to processes
+
+ -f, --force force, using win32 interface if necessary
+ -l, --list print a list of signal names
+ -s, --signal send signal (use kill --list for a list)
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>kill</command> program allows you to send arbitrary
+ signals to other Cygwin programs. The usual purpose is to end a running
+ program from some other window when ^C won't work, but you can also send
+ program-specified signals such as SIGUSR1 to trigger actions within the
+ program, like enabling debugging or re-opening log files. Each program
+ defines the signals they understand.</para>
+
+ <para>You may need to specify the full path to use <command>kill</command>
+ from within some shells, including <command>bash</command>, the default
+ Cygwin shell. This is because <command>bash</command> defines a
+ <command>kill</command> builtin function; see the <command>bash</command>
+ man page under <emphasis>BUILTIN COMMANDS</emphasis> for more
+ information. To make sure you are using the Cygwin version, try
+ <screen>
+$ /bin/kill --version
+</screen> which should give the Cygwin
+ <command>kill</command> version number and copyright information. </para>
+
+ <para>Unless you specific the <literal>-f</literal> option, the "pid"
+ values used by <command>kill</command> are the Cygwin pids, not the
+ Windows pids. To get a list of running programs and their Cygwin pids,
+ use the Cygwin <command>ps</command> program. <command>ps -W</command>
+ will display <emphasis>all</emphasis> windows pids.</para>
+
+ <para>The <command>kill -l</command> option prints the name of the given
+ signal, or a list of all signal names if no signal is given.</para>
+
+ <para>To send a specific signal, use the <literal>-signN</literal> option,
+ either with a signal number or a signal name (minus the "SIG" part), as
+ shown in these examples:</para>
+
+ <example id="utils-kill-ex">
+ <title>Using the kill command</title>
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>kill 123</userinput>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>kill -1 123</userinput>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>kill -HUP 123</userinput>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>kill -f 123</userinput>
+</screen>
+ </example>
+
+ <para>Here is a list of available signals, their numbers, and some
+ commentary on them, from the file
+ <literal>&lt;sys/signal.h&gt;</literal>, which should be considered the
+ official source of this information.</para>
+
+ <screen>
+SIGHUP 1 hangup
+SIGINT 2 interrupt
+SIGQUIT 3 quit
+SIGILL 4 illegal instruction (not reset when caught)
+SIGTRAP 5 trace trap (not reset when caught)
+SIGABRT 6 used by abort
+SIGEMT 7 EMT instruction
+SIGFPE 8 floating point exception
+SIGKILL 9 kill (cannot be caught or ignored)
+SIGBUS 10 bus error
+SIGSEGV 11 segmentation violation
+SIGSYS 12 bad argument to system call
+SIGPIPE 13 write on a pipe with no one to read it
+SIGALRM 14 alarm clock
+SIGTERM 15 software termination signal from kill
+SIGURG 16 urgent condition on IO channel
+SIGSTOP 17 sendable stop signal not from tty
+SIGTSTP 18 stop signal from tty
+SIGCONT 19 continue a stopped process
+SIGCHLD 20 to parent on child stop or exit
+SIGCLD 20 System V name for SIGCHLD
+SIGTTIN 21 to readers pgrp upon background tty read
+SIGTTOU 22 like TTIN for output if (tp-&gt;t_local&amp;LTOSTOP)
+SIGIO 23 input/output possible
+SIGPOLL 23 System V name for SIGIO
+SIGXCPU 24 exceeded CPU time limit
+SIGXFSZ 25 exceeded file size limit
+SIGVTALRM 26 virtual time alarm
+SIGPROF 27 profiling time alarm
+SIGWINCH 28 window changed
+SIGLOST 29 resource lost (eg, record-lock lost)
+SIGPWR 29 power failure
+SIGUSR1 30 user defined signal 1
+SIGUSR2 31 user defined signal 2
+</screen>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="ldd">
+ <title>ldd</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: ldd [OPTION]... FILE...
+
+Print shared library dependencies
+
+ -h, --help print this help and exit
+ -V, --version print version information and exit
+ -r, --function-relocs process data and function relocations
+ (currently unimplemented)
+ -u, --unused print unused direct dependencies
+ (currently unimplemented)
+ -v, --verbose print all information
+ (currently unimplemented)
+</screen>
+
+ <para><command>ldd</command> prints the shared libraries (DLLs) an
+ executable or DLL is linked against. No modifying option is implemented
+ yet.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="locale">
+ <title>locale</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: locale [-amvhV]
+ or: locale [-ck] NAME
+ or: locale [-usfnU]
+
+Get locale-specific information.
+
+System information:
+
+ -a, --all-locales List all available supported locales
+ -m, --charmaps List all available character maps
+ -v, --verbose More verbose output
+
+Modify output format:
+
+ -c, --category-name List information about given category NAME
+ -k, --keyword-name Print information about given keyword NAME
+
+Default locale information:
+
+ -u, --user Print locale of user's default UI language
+ -s, --system Print locale of system default UI language
+ -f, --format Print locale of user's regional format settings
+ (time, numeric &amp; monetary)
+ -n, --no-unicode Print system default locale for non-Unicode programs
+ -U, --utf Attach \".UTF-8\" to the result
+
+Other options:
+
+ -h, --help This text
+ -V, --version Print program version and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para><command>locale</command> without parameters prints information about
+ the current locale environment settings.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-u</literal>, <literal>-s</literal>,
+ <literal>-f</literal>, and <literal>-n</literal> options can be used to
+ request the various Windows locale settings. The purpose is to use this
+ command in scripts to set the POSIX locale variables.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-u</literal> option prints the current user's Windows UI
+ locale to stdout. In Windows Vista and Windows 7 this setting is called
+ the "Display Language"; there was no corresponding user setting in
+ Windows XP. The <literal>-s</literal> option prints the systems default
+ instead. The <literal>-f</literal> option prints the user's setting for
+ time, date, number and currency. That's equivalent to the setting in the
+ "Formats" or "Regional Options" tab in the "Region and Language" or
+ "Regional and Language Options" dialog. With the <literal>-U</literal>
+ option <command>locale</command> appends a ".UTF-8".</para>
+
+ <para>Usage example:</para>
+
+ <screen>
+bash$ export LANG=$(locale -uU)
+bash$ echo $LANG
+en_US.UTF-8
+bash$ export LC_TIME=$(locale -fU)
+bash$ echo $LC_TIME
+de_DE.UTF-8
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-a</literal> option is helpful to learn which locales
+ are supported by your Windows machine. It prints all available locales
+ and the allowed modifiers. Example:</para>
+
+ <screen>
+bash$ locale -a
+C
+C.utf8
+POSIX
+af_ZA
+af_ZA.utf8
+am_ET
+am_ET.utf8
+...
+be_BY
+be_BY.utf8
+be_BY@latin
+...
+ca_ES
+ca_ES.utf8
+ca_ES@euro
+catalan
+...
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-v</literal> option prints more detailed information
+ about each available locale. Example:</para>
+
+ <screen>
+bash$ locale -av
+locale: af_ZA archive: /cygdrive/c/Windows/system32/kernel32.dll
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ language | Afrikaans
+territory | South Africa
+ codeset | ISO-8859-1
+
+locale: af_ZA.utf8 archive: /cygdrive/c/Windows/system32/kernel32.dll
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ language | Afrikaans
+territory | South Africa
+ codeset | UTF-8
+
+...
+
+locale: ca_ES@euro archive: /cygdrive/c/Windows/system32/kernel32.dll
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ language | Catalan
+territory | Spain
+ codeset | ISO-8859-15
+
+locale: catalan archive: /usr/share/locale/locale.alias
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ language | Catalan
+territory | Spain
+ codeset | ISO-8859-1
+
+...
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-m</literal> option prints the names of the available
+ charmaps supported by Cygwin to stdout.</para>
+
+ <para>Otherwise, if arguments are given, <command>locale</command> prints
+ the values assigned to these arguments. Arguments can be names of locale
+ categories (for instance: LC_CTYPE, LC_MONETARY), or names of keywords
+ supported in the locale categories (for instance: thousands_sep,
+ charmap). The <literal>-c</literal> option prints additionally the name
+ of the category. The <literal>-k</literal> option prints additionally the
+ name of the keyword. Example:</para>
+
+ <screen>
+bash$ locale -ck LC_MESSAGES
+LC_MESSAGES
+yesexpr="^[yY]"
+noexpr="^[nN]"
+yesstr="yes"
+nostr="no"
+messages-codeset="UTF-8"
+bash$ locale noexpr
+^[nN]
+</screen>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="minidumper"><title>minidumper</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: minidumper [OPTION] FILENAME WIN32PID
+
+Write minidump from WIN32PID to FILENAME.dmp
+
+-t, --type minidump type flags
+-n, --nokill don't terminate the dumped process
+-d, --verbose be verbose while dumping
+-h, --help output help information and exit
+-q, --quiet be quiet while dumping (default)
+-V, --version output version information and exit
+ </screen>
+
+ <para>
+ The <command>minidumper</command> utility can be used to create a
+ minidump of a running Windows process. This minidump can be later
+ analysed using breakpad or Windows debugging tools.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <command>minidumper</command> can be used with cygwin's Just-In-Time
+ debugging facility in exactly the same way as <command>dumper</command>
+ (See <xref linkend="dumper"></xref>).
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <command>minidumper</command> can also be started from the command line to
+ create a minidump of any running process. For compatibility with
+ <command>dumper</command> the target process is terminated after dumping
+ unless the <literal>-n</literal> option is given.
+ </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="mkgroup">
+ <title>mkgroup</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: mkgroup [OPTION]...
+
+Print /etc/group file to stdout
+
+Options:
+
+ -l,--local [machine[,offset]]
+ print local groups with gid offset offset
+ (from local machine if no machine specified)
+ -L,--Local [machine[,offset]]
+ ditto, but generate groupname with machine prefix
+ -d,--domain [domain[,offset]]
+ print domain groups with gid offset offset
+ (from current domain if no domain specified)
+ -D,--Domain [domain[,offset]]
+ ditto, but generate groupname with machine prefix
+ -c,--current print current group
+ -C,--Current ditto, but generate groupname with machine or
+ domain prefix
+ -S,--separator char for -L, -D, -C use character char as domain\group
+ separator in groupname instead of the default '\'
+ -o,--id-offset offset change the default offset (10000) added to gids
+ in domain or foreign server accounts.
+ -g,--group groupname only return information for the specified group
+ one of -l, -L, -d, -D must be specified, too
+ -b,--no-builtin don't print BUILTIN groups
+ -U,--unix grouplist additionally print UNIX groups when using -l or -L
+ on a UNIX Samba server
+ grouplist is a comma-separated list of groupnames
+ or gid ranges (root,-25,50-100).
+ (enumerating large ranges can take a long time!)
+ -s,--no-sids (ignored)
+ -u,--users (ignored)
+ -h,--help print this message
+ -V,--version print version information and exit
+
+Default is to print local groups on stand-alone machines, plus domain
+groups on domain controllers and domain member machines.
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>mkgroup</command> program can be used to help configure
+ Cygwin by creating a <filename>/etc/group</filename> file. Its use is
+ essential to include Windows security information.</para>
+
+ <para>The command is initially called by <command>setup.exe</command> to
+ create a default <filename>/etc/group</filename>. This should be
+ sufficient in most circumstances. However, especially when working in a
+ multi-domain environment, you can use <command>mkgroup</command> manually
+ to create a more complete <filename>/etc/group</filename> file for all
+ domains. Especially when you have the same group name used on multiple
+ machines or in multiple domains, you can use the <literal>-D</literal>,
+ <literal>-L</literal> and <literal>-C</literal> options to create unique
+ domain\group style groupnames.</para>
+
+ <para>Note that this information is static. If you change the group
+ information in your system, you'll need to regenerate the group file for
+ it to have the new information.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-d/-D</literal> and <literal>-l/-L</literal> options
+ allow you to specify where the information comes from, the local SAM of a
+ machine or from the domain, or both. With the <literal>-d/-D</literal>
+ options the program contacts a Domain Controller, which my be unreachable
+ or have restricted access. Comma-separated from the machine or domain,
+ you can specify an offset which is used as base added to the group's RID
+ to compute the gid (offset + RID = gid). This allows you to create the
+ same gids every time you re-run <command>mkgroup</command>. For very
+ simple needs, an entry for the current user's group can be created by
+ using the option <literal>-c</literal> or <literal>-C</literal>. If you
+ want to use one of the <literal>-D</literal>, <literal>-L</literal> or
+ <literal>-C</literal> options, but you don't like the backslash as
+ domain/group separator, you can specify another separator using the
+ <literal>-S</literal> option, for instance:</para>
+
+ <example id="utils-mkgroup-ex">
+ <title>Setting up group entry for current user with different
+ domain/group separator</title>
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mkgroup -C -S+ &gt; /etc/group</userinput>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>cat /etc/group</userinput>
+DOMAIN+my_group:S-1-5-21-2913048732-1697188782-3448811101-1144:11144:
+</screen>
+ </example>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-o</literal> option allows for special cases (such as
+ multiple domains) where the GIDs might match otherwise. The
+ <literal>-g</literal> option only prints the information for one group.
+ The <literal>-U</literal> option allows you to enumerate the standard
+ UNIX groups on a Samba machine. It's used together with <literal>-l
+ samba-server</literal> or <literal>-L samba-server</literal>. The normal
+ UNIX groups are usually not enumerated, but they can show up as a group
+ in <command>ls -l</command> output. </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="mkpasswd">
+ <title>mkpasswd</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: mkpasswd [OPTIONS]...
+
+Print /etc/passwd file to stdout
+
+Options:
+
+ -l,--local [machine[,offset]]
+ print local user accounts with uid offset offset
+ (from local machine if no machine specified)
+ -L,--Local [machine[,offset]]
+ ditto, but generate username with machine prefix
+ -d,--domain [domain[,offset]]
+ print domain accounts with uid offset offset
+ (from current domain if no domain specified)
+ -D,--Domain [domain[,offset]]
+ ditto, but generate username with domain prefix
+ -c,--current print current user
+ -C,--Current ditto, but generate username with machine or
+ domain prefix
+ -S,--separator char for -L, -D, -C use character char as domain\user
+ separator in username instead of the default '\'
+ -o,--id-offset offset change the default offset (10000) added to uids
+ in domain or foreign server accounts.
+ -u,--username username only return information for the specified user
+ one of -l, -L, -d, -D must be specified, too
+ -p,--path-to-home path use specified path instead of user account home dir
+ or /home prefix
+ -U,--unix userlist additionally print UNIX users when using -l or -L\
+ on a UNIX Samba server
+ userlist is a comma-separated list of usernames
+ or uid ranges (root,-25,50-100).
+ (enumerating large ranges can take a long time!)
+ -s,--no-sids (ignored)
+ -m,--no-mount (ignored)
+ -g,--local-groups (ignored)
+ -h,--help displays this message
+ -V,--version version information and exit
+
+Default is to print local accounts on stand-alone machines, domain accounts
+on domain controllers and domain member machines.
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>mkpasswd</command> program can be used to help configure
+ Cygwin by creating a <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> from your system
+ information. Its use is essential to include Windows security
+ information. However, the actual passwords are determined by Windows, not
+ by the content of <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>.</para>
+
+ <para>The command is initially called by <command>setup.exe</command> to
+ create a default <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>. This should be
+ sufficient in most circumstances. However, especially when working in a
+ multi-domain environment, you can use <command>mkpasswd</command>
+ manually to create a more complete <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file
+ for all domains. Especially when you have the same user name used on
+ multiple machines or in multiple domains, you can use the
+ <literal>-D</literal>, <literal>-L</literal> and <literal>-C</literal>
+ options to create unique domain\user style usernames.</para>
+
+ <para>Note that this information is static. If you change the user
+ information in your system, you'll need to regenerate the passwd file for
+ it to have the new information.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-d/-D</literal> and <literal>-l/-L</literal> options
+ allow you to specify where the information comes from, the local machine
+ or the domain (default or given), or both. With the
+ <literal>-d/-D</literal> options the program contacts the Domain
+ Controller, which may be unreachable or have restricted access.
+ Comma-separated from the machine or domain, you can specify an offset
+ which is used as base added to the user's RID to compute the uid (offset
+ + RID = uid). This allows to create the same uids every time you re-run
+ <command>mkpasswd</command>. An entry for the current user can be created
+ by using the option <literal>-c</literal> or <literal>-C</literal>. If
+ you want to use one of the <literal>-D</literal>, <literal>-L</literal>
+ or <literal>-C</literal> options, but you don't like the backslash as
+ domain/group separator, you can specify another separator using the
+ <literal>-S</literal> option, similar to the <command>mkgroup</command>.
+ The <literal>-o</literal> option allows for special cases (such as
+ multiple domains) where the UIDs might match otherwise. The
+ <literal>-p</literal> option causes <command>mkpasswd</command> to use
+ the specified prefix instead of the account home dir or <literal>/home/
+ </literal>. For example, this command: <example id="utils-althome-ex"
+ ><title>Using an alternate home root</title>
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mkpasswd -l -p "$(cygpath -H)" &gt; /etc/passwd</userinput>
+</screen>
+ </example> would put local users' home directories in the Windows
+ 'Profiles' directory. The <literal>-u</literal> option creates just an
+ entry for the specified user. The <literal>-U</literal> option allows you
+ to enumerate the standard UNIX users on a Samba machine. It's used
+ together with <literal>-l samba-server</literal> or <literal>-L
+ samba-server</literal>. The normal UNIX users are usually not enumerated,
+ but they can show up as file owners in <command>ls -l</command> output. </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="mount">
+ <title>mount</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: mount [OPTION] [&lt;win32path&gt; &lt;posixpath&gt;]
+ mount -a
+ mount &lt;posixpath&gt;
+
+Display information about mounted filesystems, or mount a filesystem
+
+ -a, --all mount all filesystems mentioned in fstab
+ -c, --change-cygdrive-prefix change the cygdrive path prefix to &lt;posixpath&gt;
+ -f, --force force mount, don't warn about missing mount
+ point directories
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -m, --mount-entries write fstab entries to replicate mount points
+ and cygdrive prefixes
+ -o, --options X[,X...] specify mount options
+ -p, --show-cygdrive-prefix show user and/or system cygdrive path prefix
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>mount</command> program is used to map your drives and
+ shares onto Cygwin's simulated POSIX directory tree, much like as is done
+ by mount commands on typical UNIX systems. However, in contrast to mount
+ points given in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, mount points created or
+ changed with <command>mount</command> are not persistent. They disappear
+ immediately after the last process of the current user exited. Please see
+ <xref linkend="mount-table"/> for more information on the concepts behind
+ the Cygwin POSIX file system and strategies for using mounts. To remove
+ mounts temporarily, use <command>umount</command></para>
+
+ <sect3 id="utils-mount">
+ <title>Using mount</title>
+
+ <para>If you just type <command>mount</command> with no parameters, it
+ will display the current mount table for you.</para>
+
+ <example id="utils-mount-ex">
+ <title>Displaying the current set of mount points</title>
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount</userinput>
+C:/cygwin/bin on /usr/bin type ntfs (binary)
+C:/cygwin/lib on /usr/lib type ntfs (binary)
+C:/cygwin on / type ntfs (binary)
+C: on /mnt/c type ntfs (binary,user,noumount)
+D: on /mnt/d type fat (binary,user,noumount)
+</screen>
+ </example>
+
+ <para>In this example, c:/cygwin is the POSIX root and the D drive is
+ mapped to <filename>/mnt/d</filename>. Note that in this case, the root
+ mount is a system-wide mount point that is visible to all users running
+ Cygwin programs, whereas the <filename>/mnt/d</filename> mount is only
+ visible to the current user.</para>
+
+ <para>The <command>mount</command> utility is also the mechanism for
+ adding new mounts to the mount table in memory. The following example
+ demonstrates how to mount the directory
+ <filename>//pollux/home/joe/data</filename> to
+ <filename>/data</filename> for the duration of the current session. </para>
+
+ <example id="utils-mount-add-ex">
+ <title>Adding mount points</title>
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>ls /data</userinput>
+ls: /data: No such file or directory
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount //pollux/home/joe/data /data</userinput>
+mount: warning - /data does not exist!
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount</userinput>
+//pollux/home/joe/data on /data type smbfs (binary)
+C:/cygwin/bin on /usr/bin type ntfs (binary)
+C:/cygwin/lib on /usr/lib type ntfs (binary)
+C:/cygwin on / type ntfs (binary)
+C: on /c type ntfs (binary,user,noumount)
+D: on /d type fat (binary,user,noumount)
+</screen>
+ </example>
+
+ <para>A given POSIX path may only exist once in the mount table. Attempts
+ to replace the mount will fail with a busy error. The
+ <literal>-f</literal> (force) option causes the old mount to be
+ silently replaced with the new one, provided the old mount point was a
+ user mount point. It's not valid to replace system-wide mount points.
+ Additionally, the <literal>-f</literal> option will silence warnings
+ about the non-existence of directories at the Win32 path
+ location.</para>
+
+ <para> The <literal>-o</literal> option is the method via which various
+ options about the mount point may be recorded. The following options
+ are available (note that most of the options are duplicates of other
+ mount flags):</para>
+
+ <screen>
+ acl - Use the filesystem's access control lists (ACLs) to
+ implement real POSIX permissions (default).
+ binary - Files default to binary mode (default).
+ bind - Allows to remount part of the file hierarchy somewhere else.
+ Different from other mount calls, the first argument
+ specifies an absolute POSIX path, rather than a Win32 path.
+ This POSIX path is remounted to the POSIX path specified as
+ the second parameter. The conversion to a Win32 path is done
+ within Cygwin immediately at the time of the call. Note that
+ symlinks are ignored while performing this path conversion.
+ cygexec - Treat all files below mount point as cygwin executables.
+ dos - Always convert leading spaces and trailing dots and spaces to
+ characters in the UNICODE private use area. This allows to use
+ broken filesystems which only allow DOS filenames, even if they
+ are not recognized as such by Cygwin.
+ exec - Treat all files below mount point as executable.
+ ihash - Always fake inode numbers rather than using the ones returned
+ by the filesystem. This allows to use broken filesystems which
+ don't return unambiguous inode numbers, even if they are not
+ recognized as such by Cygwin.
+ noacl - Ignore ACLs and fake POSIX permissions.
+ nosuid - No suid files are allowed (currently unimplemented)
+ notexec - Treat all files below mount point as not executable.
+ override - Override immutable mount points.
+ posix=0 - Switch off case sensitivity for paths under this mount point.
+ posix=1 - Switch on case sensitivity for paths under this mount point
+ (default).
+ sparse - Switch on support for sparse files. This option only makes
+ sense on NTFS and then only if you really need sparse files.
+ text - Files default to CRLF text mode line endings.
+</screen>
+
+ <para>For a more complete description of the mount options and the
+ <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file, see <xref linkend="mount-table"
+ />.</para>
+
+ <para>Note that all mount points added with <command>mount</command> are
+ user mount points. System mount points can only be specified in the
+ <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file.</para>
+
+ <para>If you added mount points to <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> or
+ your <filename>/etc/fstab.d/&lt;username&gt;</filename> file, you can
+ add these mount points to your current user session using the
+ <literal>-a/--all</literal> option, or by specifing the posix path
+ alone on the command line. As an example, consider you added a mount
+ point with the POSIX path <filename>/my/mount</filename>. You can add
+ this mount point with either one of the following two commands to your
+ current user session.</para>
+
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount /my/mount</userinput>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount -a</userinput>
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The first command just adds the <filename>/my/mount</filename>
+ mount point to your current session, the <command>mount -a</command>
+ adds all new mount points to your user session.</para>
+
+ <para>If you change a mount point to point to another native path, or if
+ you changed the flags of a mount point, you have to
+ <command>umount</command> the mount point first, before you can add it
+ again. Please note that all such added mount points are added as user
+ mount points, and that the rule that system mount points can't be
+ removed or replaced in a running session still applies.</para>
+
+ <para>To bind a POSIX path to another POSIX path, use the
+ <literal>bind</literal> mount flag.</para>
+
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount -o bind /var /usr/var</userinput>
+</screen>
+
+ <para>This command makes the file hirarchy under
+ <filename>/var</filename> additionally available under
+ <filename>/usr/var</filename>.</para>
+
+ <para> The <literal>-m</literal> option causes the
+ <command>mount</command> utility to output the current mount table in a
+ series of fstab entries. You can save this output as a backup when
+ experimenting with the mount table. Copy the output to
+ <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> to restore the old state. It also makes
+ moving your settings to a different machine much easier.</para>
+
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="utils-cygdrive">
+ <title>Cygdrive mount points</title>
+
+ <para>Whenever Cygwin cannot use any of the existing mounts to convert
+ from a particular Win32 path to a POSIX one, Cygwin will, instead,
+ convert to a POSIX path using a default mount point:
+ <filename>/cygdrive</filename>. For example, if Cygwin accesses
+ <filename>z:\foo</filename> and the z drive is not currently in the
+ mount table, then <filename>z:\</filename> will be accessible as
+ <filename>/cygdrive/z</filename>. The <command>mount</command> utility
+ can be used to change this default automount prefix through the use of
+ the "--change-cygdrive-prefix" option. In the following example, we
+ will set the automount prefix to <filename>/mnt</filename>:</para>
+
+ <example id="utils-cygdrive-ex">
+ <title>Changing the default prefix</title>
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount --change-cygdrive-prefix /mnt</userinput>
+</screen>
+ </example>
+
+ <para>Note that the cygdrive prefix can be set both per-user and
+ system-wide, and that as with all mounts, a user-specific mount takes
+ precedence over the system-wide setting. The <command>mount</command>
+ utility creates system-wide mounts by default if you do not specify a
+ type. You can always see the user and system cygdrive prefixes with the
+ <literal>-p</literal> option. Using the <literal>--options</literal>
+ flag with <literal>--change-cygdrive-prefix</literal> makes all new
+ automounted filesystems default to this set of options. For instance
+ (using the short form of the command line flags)</para>
+
+ <example id="utils-cygdrive-ex2">
+ <title>Changing the default prefix with specific mount options</title>
+ <screen>
+<prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>mount -c /mnt -o binary,noacl</userinput>
+</screen>
+ </example>
+
+
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3 id="utils-limitations">
+ <title>Limitations</title>
+
+ <para>Limitations: there is a hard-coded limit of 64 mount points (up to
+ Cygwin 1.7.9: 30 mount points). Also, although you can mount to
+ pathnames that do not start with "/", there is no way to make use of
+ such mount points.</para>
+
+ <para>Normally the POSIX mount point in Cygwin is an existing empty
+ directory, as in standard UNIX. If this is the case, or if there is a
+ place-holder for the mount point (such as a file, a symbolic link
+ pointing anywhere, or a non-empty directory), you will get the expected
+ behavior. Files present in a mount point directory before the mount
+ become invisible to Cygwin programs. </para>
+
+ <para>It is sometimes desirable to mount to a non-existent directory, for
+ example to avoid cluttering the root directory with names such as
+ <filename>a</filename>, <filename>b</filename>, <filename>c</filename>
+ pointing to disks. Although <command>mount</command> will give you a
+ warning, most everything will work properly when you refer to the mount
+ point explicitly. Some strange effects can occur however. For example
+ if your current working directory is <filename>/dir</filename>, say,
+ and <filename>/dir/mtpt</filename> is a mount point, then
+ <filename>mtpt</filename> will not show up in an <command>ls</command>
+ or <command>echo *</command> command and <command>find .</command> will
+ not find <filename>mtpt</filename>. </para>
+
+ </sect3>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="passwd">
+ <title>passwd</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: passwd [OPTION] [USER]
+
+Change USER's password or password attributes.
+
+User operations:
+ -l, --lock lock USER's account.
+ -u, --unlock unlock USER's account.
+ -c, --cannot-change USER can't change password.
+ -C, --can-change USER can change password.
+ -e, --never-expires USER's password never expires.
+ -E, --expires USER's password expires according to system's
+ password aging rule.
+ -p, --pwd-not-required no password required for USER.
+ -P, --pwd-required password is required for USER.
+ -R, --reg-store-pwd enter password to store it in the registry for
+ later usage by services to be able to switch
+ to this user context with network credentials.
+
+System operations:
+ -i, --inactive NUM set NUM of days before inactive accounts are disabled
+ (inactive accounts are those with expired passwords).
+ -n, --minage DAYS set system minimum password age to DAYS days.
+ -x, --maxage DAYS set system maximum password age to DAYS days.
+ -L, --length LEN set system minimum password length to LEN.
+
+Other options:
+ -d, --logonserver SERVER connect to SERVER (e.g. domain controller).
+ Default server is the local system, unless
+ changing the current user, in which case the
+ default is the content of $LOGONSERVER.
+ -S, --status display password status for USER (locked, expired,
+ etc.) plus global system password settings.
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit.
+ -V, --version output version information and exit.
+
+If no option is given, change USER's password. If no user name is given,
+operate on current user. System operations must not be mixed with user
+operations. Don't specify a USER when triggering a system operation.
+
+Don't specify a user or any other option together with the -R option.
+Non-Admin users can only store their password if cygserver is running.
+Note that storing even obfuscated passwords in the registry is not overly
+secure. Use this feature only if the machine is adequately locked down.
+Don't use this feature if you don't need network access within a remote
+session. You can delete your stored password by using `passwd -R' and
+specifying an empty password.
+</screen>
+
+ <para> <command>passwd</command> changes passwords for user accounts. A
+ normal user may only change the password for their own account, but
+ administrators may change passwords on any account.
+ <command>passwd</command> also changes account information, such as
+ password expiry dates and intervals.</para>
+
+ <para>For password changes, the user is first prompted for their old
+ password, if one is present. This password is then encrypted and compared
+ against the stored password. The user has only one chance to enter the
+ correct password. The administrators are permitted to bypass this step so
+ that forgotten passwords may be changed.</para>
+
+ <para>The user is then prompted for a replacement password.
+ <command>passwd</command> will prompt twice for this replacement and
+ compare the second entry against the first. Both entries are required to
+ match in order for the password to be changed.</para>
+
+ <para>After the password has been entered, password aging information is
+ checked to see if the user is permitted to change their password at this
+ time. If not, <command>passwd</command> refuses to change the password
+ and exits.</para>
+
+ <para> To get current password status information, use the
+ <literal>-S</literal> option. Administrators can use
+ <command>passwd</command> to perform several account maintenance
+ functions (users may perform some of these functions on their own
+ accounts). Accounts may be locked with the <literal>-l</literal> flag and
+ unlocked with the <literal>-u</literal> flag. Similarly,
+ <literal>-c</literal> disables a user's ability to change passwords, and
+ <literal>-C</literal> allows a user to change passwords. For password
+ expiry, the <literal>-e</literal> option disables expiration, while the
+ <literal>-E</literal> option causes the password to expire according to
+ the system's normal aging rules. Use <literal>-p</literal> to disable the
+ password requirement for a user, or <literal>-P</literal> to require a
+ password. </para>
+
+ <para>Administrators can also use <command>passwd</command> to change
+ system-wide password expiry and length requirements with the
+ <literal>-i</literal>, <literal>-n</literal>, <literal>-x</literal>, and
+ <literal>-L</literal> options. The <literal>-i</literal> option is used
+ to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of
+ days. After a user account has had an expired password for
+ <emphasis>NUM</emphasis> days, the user may no longer sign on to the
+ account. The <literal>-n</literal> option is used to set the minimum
+ number of days before a password may be changed. The user will not be
+ permitted to change the password until <emphasis>MINDAYS</emphasis> days
+ have elapsed. The <literal>-x</literal> option is used to set the maximum
+ number of days a password remains valid. After
+ <emphasis>MAXDAYS</emphasis> days, the password is required to be
+ changed. Allowed values for the above options are 0 to 999. The
+ <literal>-L</literal> option sets the minimum length of allowed passwords
+ for users who don't belong to the administrators group to
+ <emphasis>LEN</emphasis> characters. Allowed values for the minimum
+ password length are 0 to 14. In any of the above cases, a value of 0
+ means `no restrictions'.</para>
+
+ <para> All operations affecting the current user are by default run against
+ the logon server of the current user (taken from the environment variable
+ <envar>LOGONSERVER</envar>. When password or account information of other
+ users should be changed, the default server is the local system. To
+ change a user account on a remote machine, use the <literal>-d</literal>
+ option to specify the machine to run the command against. Note that the
+ current user must be a valid member of the administrators group on the
+ remote machine to perform such actions. </para>
+
+ <para>Users can use the <command>passwd -R</command> to enter a password
+ which then gets stored in a special area of the registry on the local
+ system, which is also used by Windows to store passwords of accounts
+ running Windows services. When a privileged Cygwin application calls the
+ <command>set{e}uid(user_id)</command> system call, Cygwin checks if a
+ password for that user has been stored in this registry area. If so, it
+ uses this password to switch to this user account using that password.
+ This allows you to logon through, for instance, <command>ssh</command>
+ with public key authentication and get a full qualified user token with
+ all credentials for network access. However, the method has some
+ drawbacks security-wise. This is explained in more detail in <xref
+ linkend="ntsec"/>.</para>
+
+ <para>Please note that storing passwords in that registry area is a
+ privileged operation which only administrative accounts are allowed to
+ do. Administrators can enter the password for other user accounts into
+ the registry by specifying the username on the commandline. If normal,
+ non-admin users should be allowed to enter their passwords using
+ <command>passwd -R</command>, it's required to run
+ <command>cygserver</command> as a service under the LocalSystem account
+ before running <command>passwd -R</command>. This only affects storing
+ passwords. Using passwords in privileged processes does not require
+ <command>cygserver</command> to run.</para>
+
+ <para>Limitations: Users may not be able to change their password on some
+ systems.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="pldd">
+ <title>pldd</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: pldd [OPTION...] PID
+
+List dynamic shared objects loaded into a process.
+
+ -?, --help Give this help list
+ --usage Give a short usage message
+ -V, --version Print program version
+</screen>
+
+ <para><command>pldd</command> prints the shared libraries (DLLs) loaded by
+ the process with the given PID.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="ps">
+ <title>ps</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: ps [-aefls] [-u UID]
+
+Report process status
+
+ -a, --all show processes of all users
+ -e, --everyone show processes of all users
+ -f, --full show process uids, ppids
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -l, --long show process uids, ppids, pgids, winpids
+ -p, --process show information for specified PID
+ -s, --summary show process summary
+ -u, --user list processes owned by UID
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+ -W, --windows show windows as well as cygwin processes
+With no options, ps outputs the long format by default
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>ps</command> program gives the status of all the Cygwin
+ processes running on the system (ps = "process status"). Due to the
+ limitations of simulating a POSIX environment under Windows, there is
+ little information to give. </para>
+
+ <para> The PID column is the process ID you need to give to the
+ <command>kill</command> command. The PPID is the parent process ID, and
+ PGID is the process group ID. The WINPID column is the process ID
+ displayed by NT's Task Manager program. The TTY column gives which
+ pseudo-terminal a process is running on, or a <literal>'?'</literal> for
+ services. The UID column shows which user owns each process. STIME is the
+ time the process was started, and COMMAND gives the name of the program
+ running. Listings may also have a status flag in column zero;
+ <literal>S</literal> means stopped or suspended (in other words, in the
+ background), <literal>I</literal> means waiting for input or interactive
+ (foreground), and <literal>O</literal> means waiting to output. </para>
+
+ <para> By default, <command>ps</command> will only show processes owned by
+ the current user. With either the <literal>-a</literal> or
+ <literal>-e</literal> option, all user's processes (and system processes)
+ are listed. There are historical UNIX reasons for the synonomous options,
+ which are functionally identical. The <literal>-f</literal> option
+ outputs a "full" listing with usernames for UIDs. The
+ <literal>-l</literal> option is the default display mode, showing a
+ "long" listing with all the above columns. The other display option is
+ <literal>-s</literal>, which outputs a shorter listing of just PID, TTY,
+ STIME, and COMMAND. The <literal>-u</literal> option allows you to show
+ only processes owned by a specific user. The <literal>-p</literal> option
+ allows you to show information for only the process with the specified
+ PID. The <literal>-W</literal> option causes <command>ps</command> show
+ non-Cygwin Windows processes as well as Cygwin processes. The WINPID is
+ also the PID, and they can be killed with the Cygwin
+ <command>kill</command> command's <literal>-f</literal> option. </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="regtool">
+ <title>regtool</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: regtool [OPTION] (add|check|get|list|remove|unset|load|unload|save) KEY
+
+View or edit the Win32 registry
+
+Actions:
+
+ add KEY\SUBKEY add new SUBKEY
+ check KEY exit 0 if KEY exists, 1 if not
+ get KEY\VALUE prints VALUE to stdout
+ list KEY list SUBKEYs and VALUEs
+ remove KEY remove KEY
+ set KEY\VALUE [data ...] set VALUE
+ unset KEY\VALUE removes VALUE from KEY
+ load KEY\SUBKEY PATH load hive from PATH into new SUBKEY
+ unload KEY\SUBKEY unload hive and remove SUBKEY
+ save KEY\SUBKEY PATH save SUBKEY into new hive PATH
+
+Options for 'list' Action:
+
+ -k, --keys print only KEYs
+ -l, --list print only VALUEs
+ -p, --postfix like ls -p, appends '\' postfix to KEY names
+
+Options for 'get' Action:
+
+ -b, --binary print REG_BINARY data as hex bytes
+ -n, --none print data as stream of bytes as stored in registry
+ -x, --hex print numerical data as hex numbers
+
+Options for 'set' Action:
+
+ -b, --binary set type to REG_BINARY (hex args or '-')
+ -D, --dword-be set type to REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN
+ -e, --expand-string set type to REG_EXPAND_SZ
+ -i, --integer set type to REG_DWORD
+ -m, --multi-string set type to REG_MULTI_SZ
+ -n, --none set type to REG_NONE
+ -Q, --qword set type to REG_QWORD
+ -s, --string set type to REG_SZ
+
+Options for 'set' and 'unset' Actions:
+
+ -K&lt;c&gt;, --key-separator[=]&lt;c&gt; set key separator to &lt;c&gt; instead of '\'
+
+Other Options:
+
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -q, --quiet no error output, just nonzero return if KEY/VALUE missing
+ -v, --verbose verbose output, including VALUE contents when applicable
+ -w, --wow64 access 64 bit registry view (ignored on 32 bit Windows)
+ -W, --wow32 access 32 bit registry view (ignored on 32 bit Windows)
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+
+KEY is in the format [host]\prefix\KEY\KEY\VALUE, where host is optional
+remote host in either \\hostname or hostname: format and prefix is any of:
+ root HKCR HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT (local only)
+ config HKCC HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG (local only)
+ user HKCU HKEY_CURRENT_USER (local only)
+ machine HKLM HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
+ users HKU HKEY_USERS
+
+You can use forward slash ('/') as a separator instead of backslash, in
+that case backslash is treated as escape character
+Example: regtool.exe get '\user\software\Microsoft\Clock\iFormat'
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>regtool</command> program allows shell scripts to access
+ and modify the Windows registry. Note that modifying the Windows registry
+ is dangerous, and carelessness here can result in an unusable system. Be
+ careful.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-v</literal> option means "verbose". For most commands,
+ this causes additional or lengthier messages to be printed. Conversely,
+ the <literal>-q</literal> option supresses error messages, so you can use
+ the exit status of the program to detect if a key exists or not (for
+ example).</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-w</literal> option allows you to access the 64 bit view
+ of the registry. Several subkeys exist in a 32 bit and a 64 bit version
+ when running on Windows 64. Since Cygwin is running in 32 bit mode, it
+ only has access to the 32 bit view of these registry keys. When using the
+ <literal>-w</literal> switch, the 64 bit view is used and
+ <command>regtool</command> can access the entire registry. This option is
+ simply ignored when running on 32 bit Windows versions. </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>-W</literal> option allows you to access the 32 bit view
+ on the registry. The purpose of this option is mainly for symmetry. It
+ permits creation of OS agnostic scripts which would also work in a
+ hypothetical 64 bit version of Cygwin.</para>
+
+ <para>You must provide <command>regtool</command> with an
+ <emphasis>action</emphasis> following options (if any). Currently, the
+ action must be <literal>add</literal>, <literal>set</literal>,
+ <literal>check</literal>, <literal>get</literal>,
+ <literal>list</literal>, <literal>remove</literal>,
+ <literal>set</literal>, or <literal>unset</literal>. </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>add</literal> action adds a new key. The
+ <literal>check</literal> action checks to see if a key exists (the exit
+ code of the program is zero if it does, nonzero if it does not). The
+ <literal>get</literal> action gets the value of a key, and prints it (and
+ nothing else) to stdout. Note: if the value doesn't exist, an error
+ message is printed and the program returns a non-zero exit code. If you
+ give <literal>-q</literal>, it doesn't print the message but does return
+ the non-zero exit code.</para>
+
+ <para> The <literal>list</literal> action lists the subkeys and values
+ belonging to the given key. With <literal>list</literal>, the
+ <literal>-k</literal> option instructs <command>regtool</command> to
+ print only KEYs, and the <literal>-l</literal> option to print only
+ VALUEs. The <literal>-p</literal> option postfixes a
+ <literal>'/'</literal> to each KEY, but leave VALUEs with no postfix. The
+ <literal>remove</literal> action removes a key. Note that you may need to
+ remove everything in the key before you may remove it, but don't rely on
+ this stopping you from accidentally removing too much. </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>get</literal> action prints a value within a key. With
+ the <literal>-b</literal> option, data is printed as hex bytes.
+ <literal>-n</literal> allows to print the data as a typeless stream of
+ bytes. Integer values (REG_DWORD, REG_QWORD) are usually printed as
+ decimal values. The <literal>-x</literal> option allows to print the
+ numbers as hexadecimal values.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>set</literal> action sets a value within a key.
+ <literal>-b</literal> means it's binary data (REG_BINARY). The binary
+ values are specified as hex bytes in the argument list. If the argument
+ is <literal>'-'</literal>, binary data is read from stdin instead.
+ <literal>-d</literal> or <literal>-i</literal> means the value is a 32
+ bit integer value (REG_DWORD). <literal>-D</literal> means the value is a
+ 32 bit integer value in Big Endian representation (REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN).
+ <literal>-Q</literal> means the value is a 64 bit integer value
+ (REG_QWORD). <literal>-s</literal> means the value is a string (REG_SZ).
+ <literal>-e</literal> means it's an expanding string (REG_EXPAND_SZ) that
+ contains embedded environment variables. <literal>-m</literal> means it's
+ a multi-string (REG_MULTI_SZ). If you don't specify one of these,
+ <command>regtool</command> tries to guess the type based on the value you
+ give. If it looks like a number, it's a DWORD, unless it's value doesn't
+ fit into 32 bit, in which case it's a QWORD. If it starts with a percent,
+ it's an expanding string. If you give multiple values, it's a
+ multi-string. Else, it's a regular string.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>unset</literal> action removes a value from a
+ key.</para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>load</literal> action adds a new subkey and loads the
+ contents of a registry hive into it. The parent key must be
+ HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE or HKEY_USERS. The <literal>unload</literal> action
+ unloads the file and removes the subkey. </para>
+
+ <para>The <literal>save</literal> action saves a subkey into a registry
+ hive. </para>
+
+ <para> By default, the last "\" or "/" is assumed to be the separator
+ between the key and the value. You can use the <literal>-K</literal>
+ option to provide an alternate key/value separator character. </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="setfacl">
+ <title>setfacl</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: setfacl [-r] (-f ACL_FILE | -s acl_entries) FILE...
+ setfacl [-r] ([-d acl_entries] [-m acl_entries]) FILE...
+
+Modify file and directory access control lists (ACLs)
+
+ -d, --delete delete one or more specified ACL entries
+ -f, --file set ACL entries for FILE to ACL entries read
+ from a ACL_FILE
+ -m, --modify modify one or more specified ACL entries
+ -r, --replace replace mask entry with maximum permissions
+ needed for the file group class
+ -s, --substitute substitute specified ACL entries for the
+ ACL of FILE
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+
+At least one of (-d, -f, -m, -s) must be specified
+</screen>
+
+ <para> For each file given as parameter, <command>setfacl</command> will
+ either replace its complete ACL (<literal>-s</literal>,
+ <literal>-f</literal>), or it will add, modify, or delete ACL entries.
+ For more information on Cygwin and Windows ACLs, see see <xref
+ linkend="ntsec"/> in the Cygwin User's Guide. </para>
+
+ <para> Acl_entries are one or more comma-separated ACL entries from the
+ following list:
+ <screen>
+ u[ser]::perm
+ u[ser]:uid:perm
+ g[roup]::perm
+ g[roup]:gid:perm
+ m[ask]::perm
+ o[ther]::perm
+</screen>
+ Default entries are like the above with the additional default
+ identifier. For example:
+ <screen>
+ d[efault]:u[ser]:uid:perm
+</screen> </para>
+
+ <para> <emphasis>perm</emphasis> is either a 3-char permissions string in
+ the form "rwx" with the character <literal>'-'</literal> for no
+ permission or it is the octal representation of the permissions, a value
+ from 0 (equivalent to "---") to 7 ("rwx"). <emphasis>uid</emphasis> is a
+ user name or a numerical uid. <emphasis>gid</emphasis> is a group name or
+ a numerical gid. </para>
+
+ <para> The following options are supported: </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-d</literal> Delete one or more specified entries from the
+ file's ACL. The owner, group and others entries must not be deleted.
+ Acl_entries to be deleted should be specified without permissions, as in
+ the following list:
+ <screen>
+ u[ser]:uid
+ g[roup]:gid
+ d[efault]:u[ser]:uid
+ d[efault]:g[roup]:gid
+ d[efault]:m[ask]:
+ d[efault]:o[ther]:
+</screen> </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-f</literal> Take the Acl_entries from ACL_FILE one per
+ line. Whitespace characters are ignored, and the character "#" may be
+ used to start a comment. The special filename "-" indicates reading from
+ stdin. Note that you can use this with <command>getfacl</command> and
+ <command>setfacl</command> to copy ACLs from one file to another:
+ <screen>
+$ getfacl source_file | setfacl -f - target_file
+</screen> </para>
+
+ <para> Required entries are: one user entry for the owner of the file, one
+ group entry for the group of the file, and one other entry. </para>
+
+ <para> If additional user and group entries are given: a mask entry for the
+ file group class of the file, and no duplicate user or group entries with
+ the same uid/gid. </para>
+
+ <para> If it is a directory: one default user entry for the owner of the
+ file, one default group entry for the group of the file, one default mask
+ entry for the file group class, and one default other entry. </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-m</literal> Add or modify one or more specified ACL
+ entries. Acl_entries is a comma-separated list of entries from the same
+ list as above. </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-r</literal> Causes the permissions specified in the mask
+ entry to be ignored and replaced by the maximum permissions needed for
+ the file group class. </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-s</literal> Like <literal>-f</literal>, but substitute the
+ file's ACL with Acl_entries specified in a comma-separated list on the
+ command line. </para>
+
+ <para> While the <literal>-d</literal> and <literal>-m</literal> options
+ may be used in the same command, the <literal>-f</literal> and
+ <literal>-s</literal> options may be used only exclusively. </para>
+
+ <para> Directories may contain default ACL entries. Files created in a
+ directory that contains default ACL entries will have permissions
+ according to the combination of the current umask, the explicit
+ permissions requested and the default ACL entries </para>
+
+ <para> Limitations: Under Cygwin, the default ACL entries are not taken
+ into account currently. </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="setmetamode">
+ <title>setmetamode</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: setmetamode [metabit|escprefix]
+
+Get or set keyboard meta mode
+
+ Without argument, it shows the current meta key mode.
+ metabit|meta|bit The meta key sets the top bit of the character.
+ escprefix|esc|prefix The meta key sends an escape prefix.
+
+Other options:
+
+ -h, --help This text
+ -V, --version Print program version and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para><command>setmetamode</command> can be used to determine and set the
+ key code sent by the meta (aka <literal>Alt</literal>) key.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="ssp">
+ <title>ssp</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: ssp [options] low_pc high_pc command...
+
+Single-step profile COMMAND
+
+ -c, --console-trace trace every EIP value to the console. *Lots* slower.
+ -d, --disable disable single-stepping by default; use
+ OutputDebugString ("ssp on") to enable stepping
+ -e, --enable enable single-stepping by default; use
+ OutputDebugString ("ssp off") to disable stepping
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -l, --dll enable dll profiling. A chart of relative DLL usage
+ is produced after the run.
+ -s, --sub-threads trace sub-threads too. Dangerous if you have
+ race conditions.
+ -t, --trace-eip trace every EIP value to a file TRACE.SSP. This
+ gets big *fast*.
+ -v, --verbose output verbose messages about debug events.
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+
+Example: ssp 0x401000 0x403000 hello.exe
+</screen>
+
+ <para> SSP - The Single Step Profiler </para>
+
+ <para> Original Author: DJ Delorie </para>
+
+ <para> The SSP is a program that uses the Win32 debug API to run a program
+ one ASM instruction at a time. It records the location of each
+ instruction used, how many times that instruction is used, and all
+ function calls. The results are saved in a format that is usable by the
+ profiling program <command>gprof</command>, although
+ <command>gprof</command> will claim the values are seconds, they really
+ are instruction counts. More on that later. </para>
+
+ <para> Because the SSP was originally designed to profile the Cygwin DLL,
+ it does not automatically select a block of code to report statistics on.
+ You must specify the range of memory addresses to keep track of manually,
+ but it's not hard to figure out what to specify. Use the "objdump"
+ program to determine the bounds of the target's ".text" section. Let's
+ say we're profiling cygwin1.dll. Make sure you've built it with debug
+ symbols (else <command>gprof</command> won't run) and run objdump like
+ this: <screen>
+$ objdump -h cygwin1.dll
+</screen> It will print a report
+ like this:
+ <screen>
+cygwin1.dll: file format pei-i386
+
+Sections:
+Idx Name Size VMA LMA File off Algn
+ 0 .text 0007ea00 61001000 61001000 00000400 2**2
+ CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, READONLY, CODE, DATA
+ 1 .data 00008000 61080000 61080000 0007ee00 2**2
+ CONTENTS, ALLOC, LOAD, DATA
+ . . .
+</screen> </para>
+
+ <para> The only information we're concerned with are the VMA of the .text
+ section and the VMA of the section after it (sections are usually
+ contiguous; you can also add the Size to the VMA to get the end address).
+ In this case, the VMA is 0x61001000 and the ending address is either
+ 0x61080000 (start of .data method) or 0x0x6107fa00 (VMA+Size method). </para>
+
+ <para> There are two basic ways to use SSP - either profiling a whole
+ program, or selectively profiling parts of the program. </para>
+
+ <para> To profile a whole program, just run <command>ssp</command> without
+ options. By default, it will step the whole program. Here's a simple
+ example, using the numbers above:
+ <screen>
+$ ssp 0x61001000 0x61080000 hello.exe
+</screen> This will step
+ the whole program. It will take at least 8 minutes on a PII/300 (yes,
+ really). When it's done, it will create a file called "gmon.out". You can
+ turn this data file into a readable report with <command>gprof</command>:
+ <screen>
+$ gprof -b cygwin1.dll
+</screen> The "-b" means 'skip the help
+ pages'. You can omit this until you're familiar with the report layout.
+ The <command>gprof</command> documentation explains a lot about this
+ report, but <command>ssp</command> changes a few things. For example, the
+ first part of the report reports the amount of time spent in each
+ function, like this:
+ <screen>
+Each sample counts as 0.01 seconds.
+ % cumulative self self total
+ time seconds seconds calls ms/call ms/call name
+ 10.02 231.22 72.43 46 1574.57 1574.57 strcspn
+ 7.95 288.70 57.48 130 442.15 442.15 strncasematch
+</screen>
+ The "seconds" columns are really CPU opcodes, 1/100 second per opcode.
+ So, "231.22" above means 23,122 opcodes. The ms/call values are 10x too
+ big; 1574.57 means 157.457 opcodes per call. Similar adjustments need to
+ be made for the "self" and "children" columns in the second part of the
+ report. </para>
+
+ <para> OK, so now we've got a huge report that took a long time to
+ generate, and we've identified a spot we want to work on optimizing.
+ Let's say it's the time() function. We can use SSP to selectively profile
+ this function by using OutputDebugString() to control SSP from within the
+ program. Here's a sample program:
+ <screen>
+ #include &lt;windows.h&gt;
+ main()
+ {
+ time_t t;
+ OutputDebugString("ssp on");
+ time(&amp;t);
+ OutputDebugString("ssp off");
+ }
+</screen> </para>
+
+ <para> Then, add the <literal>-d</literal> option to ssp to default to
+ *disabling* profiling. The program will run at full speed until the first
+ OutputDebugString, then step until the second. You can then use
+ <command>gprof</command> (as usual) to see the performance profile for
+ just that portion of the program's execution. </para>
+
+ <para> There are many options to ssp. Since step-profiling makes your
+ program run about 1,000 times slower than normal, it's best to understand
+ all the options so that you can narrow down the parts of your program you
+ need to single-step. </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-v</literal> - verbose. This prints messages about threads
+ starting and stopping, OutputDebugString calls, DLLs loading, etc. </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-t</literal> and <literal>-c</literal> - tracing. With
+ <literal>-t</literal>, *every* step's address is written to the file
+ "trace.ssp". This can be used to help debug functions, since it can trace
+ multiple threads. Clever use of scripts can match addresses with
+ disassembled opcodes if needed. Warning: creates *huge* files, very
+ quickly. <literal>-c</literal> prints each address to the console, useful
+ for debugging key chunks of assembler. Use <literal>addr2line -C -f -s -e
+ foo.exe &lt; trace.ssp &gt; lines.ssp</literal> and then <literal>perl
+ cvttrace</literal> to convert to symbolic traces. </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-s</literal> - subthreads. Usually, you only need to trace
+ the main thread, but sometimes you need to trace all threads, so this
+ enables that. It's also needed when you want to profile a function that
+ only a subthread calls. However, using OutputDebugString automatically
+ enables profiling on the thread that called it, not the main thread. </para>
+
+ <para> <literal>-l</literal> - dll profiling. Generates a pretty table of
+ how much time was spent in each dll the program used. No sense optimizing
+ a function in your program if most of the time is spent in the DLL. I
+ usually use the <literal>-v</literal>, <literal>-s</literal>, and
+ <literal>-l</literal> options:
+ <screen>
+$ ssp <literal>-v</literal> <literal>-s</literal> <literal>-l</literal> <literal>-d</literal> 0x61001000 0x61080000 hello.exe
+</screen>
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="strace">
+ <title>strace</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: strace.exe [OPTIONS] &lt;command-line&gt;
+Usage: strace.exe [OPTIONS] -p &lt;pid&gt;
+
+Trace system calls and signals
+
+ -b, --buffer-size=SIZE set size of output file buffer
+ -d, --no-delta don't display the delta-t microsecond timestamp
+ -f, --trace-children trace child processes (toggle - default true)
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -m, --mask=MASK set message filter mask
+ -n, --crack-error-numbers output descriptive text instead of error
+ numbers for Windows errors
+ -o, --output=FILENAME set output file to FILENAME
+ -p, --pid=n attach to executing program with cygwin pid n
+ -q, --quiet toggle "quiet" flag. Defaults to on if "-p",
+ off otherwise.
+ -S, --flush-period=PERIOD flush buffered strace output every PERIOD secs
+ -t, --timestamp use an absolute hh:mm:ss timestamp insted of
+ the default microsecond timestamp. Implies -d
+ -T, --toggle toggle tracing in a process already being
+ traced. Requires -p &lt;pid&gt;
+ -u, --usecs toggle printing of microseconds timestamp
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+ -w, --new-window spawn program under test in a new window
+
+ MASK can be any combination of the following mnemonics and/or hex values
+ (0x is optional). Combine masks with '+' or ',' like so:
+
+ --mask=wm+system,malloc+0x00800
+
+ Mnemonic Hex Corresponding Def Description
+ =========================================================================
+ all 0x000001 (_STRACE_ALL) All strace messages.
+ flush 0x000002 (_STRACE_FLUSH) Flush output buffer after each message.
+ inherit 0x000004 (_STRACE_INHERIT) Children inherit mask from parent.
+ uhoh 0x000008 (_STRACE_UHOH) Unusual or weird phenomenon.
+ syscall 0x000010 (_STRACE_SYSCALL) System calls.
+ startup 0x000020 (_STRACE_STARTUP) argc/envp printout at startup.
+ debug 0x000040 (_STRACE_DEBUG) Info to help debugging.
+ paranoid 0x000080 (_STRACE_PARANOID) Paranoid info.
+ termios 0x000100 (_STRACE_TERMIOS) Info for debugging termios stuff.
+ select 0x000200 (_STRACE_SELECT) Info on ugly select internals.
+ wm 0x000400 (_STRACE_WM) Trace Windows msgs (enable _strace_wm).
+ sigp 0x000800 (_STRACE_SIGP) Trace signal and process handling.
+ minimal 0x001000 (_STRACE_MINIMAL) Very minimal strace output.
+ pthread 0x002000 (_STRACE_PTHREAD) Pthread calls.
+ exitdump 0x004000 (_STRACE_EXITDUMP) Dump strace cache on exit.
+ system 0x008000 (_STRACE_SYSTEM) Serious error; goes to console and log.
+ nomutex 0x010000 (_STRACE_NOMUTEX) Don't use mutex for synchronization.
+ malloc 0x020000 (_STRACE_MALLOC) Trace malloc calls.
+ thread 0x040000 (_STRACE_THREAD) Thread-locking calls.
+ special 0x100000 (_STRACE_SPECIAL) Special debugging printfs for
+ non-checked-in code
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>strace</command> program executes a program, and
+ optionally the children of the program, reporting any Cygwin DLL output
+ from the program(s) to stdout, or to a file with the
+ <literal>-o</literal> option. With the <literal>-w</literal> option, you
+ can start an strace session in a new window, for example:
+ <screen>
+$ strace -o tracing_output -w sh -c 'while true; do echo "tracing..."; done' &amp;
+</screen>
+ This is particularly useful for <command>strace</command> sessions that
+ take a long time to complete. </para>
+
+ <para> Note that <command>strace</command> is a standalone Windows program
+ and so does not rely on the Cygwin DLL itself (you can verify this with
+ <command>cygcheck</command>). As a result it does not understand
+ symlinks. This program is mainly useful for debugging the Cygwin DLL
+ itself.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="tzset">
+ <title>tzset</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: tzset [OPTION]
+
+Print POSIX-compatible timezone ID from current Windows timezone setting
+
+Options:
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit.
+ -V, --version output version information and exit.
+
+Use tzset to set your TZ variable. In POSIX-compatible shells like bash,
+dash, mksh, or zsh:
+
+ export TZ=$(tzset)
+
+In csh-compatible shells like tcsh:
+
+ setenv TZ `tzset`
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>tzset</command> tool reads the current timezone from
+ Windows and generates a POSIX-compatible timezone information for the TZ
+ environment variable from that information. That's all there is to it.
+ For the way how to use it, see the above usage information.</para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="umount">
+ <title>umount</title>
+
+ <screen>
+Usage: umount.exe [OPTION] [&lt;posixpath&gt;]
+
+Unmount filesystems
+
+ -h, --help output usage information and exit
+ -U, --remove-user-mounts remove all user mounts
+ -V, --version output version information and exit
+</screen>
+
+ <para>The <command>umount</command> program removes mounts from the mount
+ table in the current session. If you specify a POSIX path that
+ corresponds to a current mount point, <command>umount</command> will
+ remove it from the current mount table. Note that you can only remove
+ user mount points. The <literal>-U</literal> flag may be used to specify
+ removing all user mount points from the current user session.</para>
+
+ <para>See <xref linkend="mount-table"/> for more information on the mount
+ table.</para>
+ </sect2>
+
+</sect1>
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-06-06 03:34:04 +0300