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<sect1 id="gcc"><title>Using GCC with Cygwin</title>
<sect2 id="gcc-cons"><title>Console Mode Applications</title>
<para>Use gcc to compile, just like under UNIX.
Refer to the GCC User's Guide for information on standard usage and
options. Here's a simple example:</para>
<example>
<title>Building Hello World with GCC</title>
<screen>
<prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>gcc hello.c -o hello.exe</userinput>
<prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>hello.exe</userinput>
Hello, World
<prompt>C:\></prompt>
</screen>
</example>
</sect2>
<sect2 id="gcc-gui"><title>GUI Mode Applications</title>
<para>Cygwin allows you to build programs with full access to the
standard Windows 32-bit API, including the GUI functions as defined in
any Microsoft or off-the-shelf publication. However, the process of
building those applications is slightly different, as you'll be using
the GNU tools instead of the Microsoft tools.</para>
<para>For the most part, your sources won't need to change at all.
However, you should remove all __export attributes from functions
and replace them like this:</para>
<screen>
int foo (int) __attribute__ ((__dllexport__));
int
foo (int i)
</screen>
<para>The Makefile is similar to any other UNIX-like Makefile,
and like any other Cygwin makefile. The only difference is that you use
<command>gcc -mwindows</command> to link your program into a GUI
application instead of a command-line application. Here's an example:</para>
<screen>
myapp.exe : myapp.o myapp.res
gcc -mwindows myapp.o myapp.res -o $@
myapp.res : myapp.rc resource.h
windres $< -O coff -o $@
</screen>
<para>Note the use of <filename>windres</filename> to compile the
Windows resources into a COFF-format <filename>.res</filename> file.
That will include all the bitmaps, icons, and other resources you
need, into one handy object file. Normally, if you omitted the "-O
coff" it would create a Windows <filename>.res</filename> format file,
but we can only link COFF objects. So, we tell
<filename>windres</filename> to produce a COFF object, but for
compatibility with the many examples that assume your linker can
handle Windows resource files directly, we maintain the
<filename>.res</filename> naming convention. For more information on
<filename>windres</filename>, consult the Binutils manual. </para>
<para>
The following is a simple GUI-mode "Hello, World!" program to help
get you started:
<screen>
/*-------------------------------------------------*/
/* hellogui.c - gui hello world */
/* build: gcc -mwindows hellogui.c -o hellogui.exe */
/*-------------------------------------------------*/
#include <windows.h>
char glpszText[1024];
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
sprintf(glpszText,
"Hello World\nGetCommandLine(): [%s]\n"
"WinMain lpCmdLine: [%s]\n",
lpCmdLine, GetCommandLine() );
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(wcex);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wcex.lpszClassName = "HELLO";
wcex.hIconSm = NULL;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex))
return FALSE;
HWND hWnd;
hWnd = CreateWindow("HELLO", "Hello", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);
if (!hWnd)
return FALSE;
ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
MSG msg;
while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc;
switch (message)
{
case WM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
RECT rt;
GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt);
DrawText(hdc, glpszText, strlen(glpszText), &rt, DT_TOP | DT_LEFT);
EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
</screen>
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>
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