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* Split render/ into scene/ and session/. The scene/ folder now contains the
scene and its nodes. The session/ folder contains the render session and
associated data structures like drivers and render buffers.
* Move top level kernel headers into new folders kernel/camera/, kernel/film/,
kernel/light/, kernel/sample/, kernel/util/
* Move integrator related kernel headers into kernel/integrator/
* Move OSL shaders from kernel/shaders/ to kernel/osl/shaders/
For patches and branches, git merge and rebase should be able to detect the
renames and move over code to the right file.
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This is the first of a sequence of changes to support compiling Cycles kernels as MSL (Metal Shading Language) in preparation for a Metal GPU device implementation.
MSL requires that all pointer types be declared with explicit address space attributes (device, thread, etc...). There is already precedent for this with Cycles' address space macros (ccl_global, ccl_private, etc...), therefore the first step of MSL-enablement is to apply these consistently. Line-for-line this represents the largest change required to enable MSL. Applying this change first will simplify future patches as well as offering the emergent benefit of enhanced descriptiveness.
The vast majority of deltas in this patch fall into one of two cases:
- Ensuring ccl_private is specified for thread-local pointer types
- Ensuring ccl_global is specified for device-wide pointer types
Additionally, the ccl_addr_space qualifier can be removed. Prior to Cycles X, ccl_addr_space was used as a context-dependent address space qualifier, but now it is either redundant (e.g. in struct typedefs), or can be replaced by ccl_global in the case of pointer types. Associated function variants (e.g. lcg_step_float_addrspace) are also redundant.
In cases where address space qualifiers are chained with "const", this patch places the address space qualifier first. The rationale for this is that the choice of address space is likely to have the greater impact on runtime performance and overall architecture.
The final part of this patch is the addition of a metal/compat.h header. This is partially complete and will be extended in future patches, paving the way for the full Metal implementation.
Ref T92212
Reviewed By: brecht
Maniphest Tasks: T92212
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12864
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This includes much improved GPU rendering performance, viewport interactivity,
new shadow catcher, revamped sampling settings, subsurface scattering anisotropy,
new GPU volume sampling, improved PMJ sampling pattern, and more.
Some features have also been removed or changed, breaking backwards compatibility.
Including the removal of the OpenCL backend, for which alternatives are under
development.
Release notes and code docs:
https://wiki.blender.org/wiki/Reference/Release_Notes/3.0/Cycles
https://wiki.blender.org/wiki/Source/Render/Cycles
Credits:
* Sergey Sharybin
* Brecht Van Lommel
* Patrick Mours (OptiX backend)
* Christophe Hery (subsurface scattering anisotropy)
* William Leeson (PMJ sampling pattern)
* Alaska (various fixes and tweaks)
* Thomas Dinges (various fixes)
For the full commit history, see the cycles-x branch. This squashes together
all the changes since intermediate changes would often fail building or tests.
Ref T87839, T87837, T87836
Fixes T90734, T89353, T80267, T80267, T77185, T69800
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about 1%"
Both before and after can have artifacts with some normal maps, but this seems to give
worse artifacts on average which are not worth the minor performance increase.
This reverts commit 21bc1a99baa765d81c3203fd2e451681b8a7fd55.
Ref T88368, D10084
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This is an implementation that is about 1.5-2.1 times faster. It gives a result
that is on average 6° different from the old implementation. The difference is
because normals (Ng, N, N') are not selected to be coplanar, but instead
reflection R is lifted the least amount and the N' is computed as a bisector.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D10084
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Ref D8237, T78710
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This commit adds a new model to the Sky Texture node, which is based on a
method by Nishita et al. and works by basically simulating volumetric
scattering in the atmosphere.
By making some approximations (such as only considering single scattering),
we get a fairly simple and fast simulation code that takes into account
Rayleigh and Mie scattering as well as Ozone absorption.
This code is used to precompute a 512x128 texture which is then looked up
during render time, and is fast enough to allow real-time tweaking in the
viewport.
Due to the nature of the simulation, it exposes several parameters that
allow for lots of flexibility in choosing the look and matching real-world
conditions (such as Air/Dust/Ozone density and altitude).
Additionally, the same volumetric approach can be used to compute absorption
of the direct sunlight, so the model also supports adding direct sunlight.
This makes it significantly easier to set up Sun+Sky illumination where
the direction, intensity and color of the sun actually matches the sky.
In order to support properly sampling the direct sun component, the commit
also adds logic for sampling a specific area to the kernel light sampling
code. This is combined with portal and background map sampling using MIS.
This sampling logic works for the common case of having one Sky texture
going into the Background shader, but if a custom input to the Vector
node is used or if there are multiple Sky textures, it falls back to using
only background map sampling (while automatically setting the resolution to
4096x2048 if auto resolution is used).
More infos and preview can be found here:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gQta0ygFWXTrl5Pmvl_nZRgUw0mWg0FJeRuNKS36m08/view
Underlying model, implementation and documentation by Marco (@nacioss).
Improvements, cleanup and sun sampling by @lukasstockner.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D7896
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This code is currently only used for the Glossy Toon BSDF, but it's a generic
building block that might be used for other things in the future.
To see why the current code does not give a uniform distribution, consider that
it chooses both angles uniformly, but the smaller the angle from the center of
the cone is, the smaller the differential solid angle is (similar to how
sampling disks by choosing radius and phi uniformly does not work).
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D7948
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Apply clang format as proposed in T53211.
For details on usage and instructions for migrating branches
without conflicts, see:
https://wiki.blender.org/wiki/Tools/ClangFormat
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It is supposed to be two spaces before comment stating which if
else/endif statements corresponds to. Was mainly violated in the
header guards.
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bumpmapping
This function is supposed to prevent the black artifacts caused by strong normal- or bumpmapping, but failed in some cases.
Now the code correctly handles all test files and previous issues I am aware of and also has extensive comments describing
the algorithm and the math behind it.
Basically, the main problem was that there can be multiple valid solutions that fulfil the reflection angle criterium,
but I had assumed that only one would exist and therefore simply picked the first solution with a positive term in srqt().
Now, the code uses additional validity checks and a simple heuristic to pick the best valid solution.
Additionally, the code messed up very shallow reflections even if the normal map strength was zero due to the constant
limit for the outgoing ray angle, which caused shallow incoming rays to fail the initial test even when reflected directly
on Ng. Now, the code accounts for this by reducing the threshold in the case of a shallow incoming ray, ensuring that at
least N=Ng is always a valid solution.
Reviewers: brecht
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D3816
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While changing the shading normal is a great way to add additional detail to a model, there are some problems with it.
One of them is that at grazing angles and/or strong changes to the normal, the reflected ray can end up pointing into the actual geometry, which results in a black spot.
This patch helps avoid this by automatically reducing the strength of the bump/normal map if the reflected direction would end up too shallow or inside the geometry.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D2574
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This to avoids build conflicts with libc++ on FreeBSD, these __ prefixed values
are reserved for compilers. I apologize to anyone who has patches or branches
and has to go through the pain of merging this change, it may be easiest to do
these same replacements in your code and then apply/merge the patch.
Ref T37477.
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More information in this post:
http://code.blender.org/
Thanks to all contributes for giving their permission!
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New features:
* Bump mapping now works with SSS
* Texture Blur factor for SSS, see the documentation for details:
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Render/Cycles/Nodes/Shaders#Subsurface_Scattering
Work in progress for feedback:
Initial implementation of the "BSSRDF Importance Sampling" paper, which uses
a different importance sampling method. It gives better quality results in
many ways, with the availability of both Cubic and Gaussian falloff functions,
but also tends to be more noisy when using the progressive integrator and does
not give great results with some geometry. It works quite well for the
non-progressive integrator and is often less noisy there.
This code may still change a lot, so unless you're testing it may be best to
stick to the Compatible falloff function.
Skin test render and file that takes advantage of the gaussian falloff:
http://www.pasteall.org/pic/show.php?id=57661
http://www.pasteall.org/pic/show.php?id=57662
http://www.pasteall.org/blend/23501
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* Style cleanup for M_PI constants.
* Move Wireframe node into __EXTRA_NODES__ define
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instead of sobol. So far one doesn't seem to be consistently better or worse than
the other for the same number of samples but more testing is needed.
The random number generator itself is slower than sobol for most number of samples,
except 16, 64, 256, .. because they can be computed faster. This can probably be
optimized, but we can do that when/if this actually turns out to be useful.
Paper this implementation is based on:
http://graphics.pixar.com/library/MultiJitteredSampling/
Also includes some refactoring of RNG code, fixing a Sobol correlation issue with
the first BSDF and < 16 samples, skipping some unneeded RNG calls and using a
simpler unit square to unit disk function.
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* Use M_2PI_F in more places and do multiplication instead of division in gradient texture.
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* Add M_2PI_F and M_4PI_F constants and use them inside the codebase.
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a size parameter between 0.0 and 1.0 that gives a angle of reflection between
0° and 90°, and a smooth parameter that gives and angle over which a smooth
transition from full to no reflection happens.
These work with global illumination and do importance sampling of the area within
the angle. Note that unlike most other BSDF's these are not energy conserving in
general, in particular if their weight is 1.0 and size > 2/3 (or 60°) they will
add more energy in each bounce.
Diffuse: http://www.pasteall.org/pic/show.php?id=42119
Specular: http://www.pasteall.org/pic/show.php?id=42120
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UV map.
It's using the Ward BSDF currently, which has some energy loss so might be a bit
dark. More/better BSDF options can be implemented later.
Patch by Mike Farnsworth, some modifications by me. Currently it's not possible yet
to set a custom tangent, that will follow as part of per-bsdf normals patch.
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totally clear it was a question (user pointed this out, they thought it was just notification and lost their work).
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vectors and window texture coordinates. Only for Fisheye Equisolid it's
still not working correct yet. Patch from Dalai with modifications.
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the FOV formular is: R = 2 * lens * sin (theta / 2)
in this case theta is fov/2 already, thus the fix
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For sample images see:
http://www.dalaifelinto.com/?p=399 (equisolid)
http://www.dalaifelinto.com/?p=389 (equidistant)
The 'use_panorama' option is now part of a new Camera type: 'Panorama'.
Created two other panorama cameras:
- Equisolid: most of lens in the market simulate this lens - e.g. Nikon, Canon, ...)
this works as a real lens up to an extent. The final result takes the
sensor dimensions into account also.
.:. to simulate a Nikon DX2S with a 10.5mm lens do:
sensor: 23.7 x 15.7
fisheye lens: 10.5
fisheye fov: 180
render dimensions: 4288 x 2848
- Equidistant: this is not a real lens model. Although the old equidistant lens simulate
this lens. The result is always as a circular fisheye that takes the whole sensor
(in other words, it doesn't take the sensor into consideration).
This is perfect for fulldomes ;)
For the UI we have 10 to 360 as soft values and 10 to 3600 as hard values (because we can).
Reference material:
http://www.hdrlabs.com/tutorials/downloads_files/HDRI%20for%20CGI.pdf
http://www.bobatkins.com/photography/technical/field_of_view.html
Note, this is not a real simulation of the light path through the lens.
The ideal solution would be this:
https://graphics.stanford.edu/wikis/cs348b-11/Assignment3
http://www.graphics.stanford.edu/papers/camera/
Thanks Brecht for the fix, suggestions and code review.
Kudos for the dome community for keeping me stimulated on the topic since 2009 ;)
Patch partly implemented during lab time at VisGraf, IMPA - Rio de Janeiro.
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existing "Equirectangular". This projection is useful to create light probes
from a chrome ball placed in a real scene. It expects as input a photograph of
the chrome ball, cropped so the ball just fits inside the image boundaries.
Example setup with panorama camera and mixing two (poor quality) photographs
from different viewpoints to avoid stretching and hide the photographer:
http://www.pasteall.org/pic/28036
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environment map, by enabling the Panorama option in the camera.
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Render/Cycles/Camera#Panorama
The focal length or sensor settings are not used, the UI can be tweaked still to
communicate this, also panorama should probably become a proper camera type like
perspective or ortho.
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By default lighting from the world is computed solely with indirect light
sampling. However for more complex environment maps this can be too noisy, as
sampling the BSDF may not easily find the highlights in the environment map
image. By enabling this option, the world background will be sampled as a lamp,
with lighter parts automatically given more samples.
Map Resolution specifies the size of the importance map (res x res). Before
rendering starts, an importance map is generated by "baking" a grayscale image
from the world shader. This will then be used to determine which parts of the
background are light and so should receive more samples than darker parts.
Higher resolutions will result in more accurate sampling but take more setup
time and memory.
Patch by Mike Farnsworth, thanks!
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shader flags for various purposes, and some code for light types other than
points.
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* Passes renamed to samples
* Camera lens radius renamed to aperature size/blades/rotation
* Glass and fresnel nodes input is now index of refraction
* Glossy and velvet fresnel socket removed
* Mix/add closure node renamed to mix/add shader node
* Blend weight node added for shader mixing weights
There is some version patching code for reading existing files, but it's not
perfect, so shaders may work a bit different.
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modifications and build instructions will follow later.
Cycles uses code from some great open source projects, many thanks them:
* BVH building and traversal code from NVidia's "Understanding the Efficiency of Ray Traversal on GPUs":
http://code.google.com/p/understanding-the-efficiency-of-ray-traversal-on-gpus/
* Open Shading Language for a large part of the shading system:
http://code.google.com/p/openshadinglanguage/
* Blender for procedural textures and a few other nodes.
* Approximate Catmull Clark subdivision from NVidia Mesh tools:
http://code.google.com/p/nvidia-mesh-tools/
* Sobol direction vectors from:
http://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/
* Film response functions from:
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/software/softlib/dorf.php
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