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Add a Fast GI Method, either Replace for the existing behavior, or Add
to add ambient occlusion like the old world settings.
This replaces the old Ambient Occlusion settings in the world properties.
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This is still useful in some cases even if not used by OpenImageDenoise. In
the future this may be replaced with a more generic system to control render
passes and filtering, but for now this just does what it did before.
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Similar to main path compaction that happens before adding work tiles, this
compacts shadow paths before launching kernels that may add shadow paths.
Only do it when more than 50% of space is wasted.
It's not a clear win in all scenes, some are up to 1.5% slower. Likely caused
by different order of scheduling kernels having an unpredictable performance
impact. Still feels like compaction is just the right thing to avoid cases
where a few shadow paths can hold up a lot of main paths.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12944
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Taking advantage of the new decoupled main and shadow paths. For CPU we
just store two nested structs in the integrator state, one for direct light
shadows and one for AO. For the GPU we restrict the number of shade surface
states to be executed based on available space in the shadow paths queue.
This also helps improve performance in benchmark scenes with an AO pass,
since it is no longer needed to use the shader raytracing kernel there,
which has worse performance.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12900
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These transparent shadows can be expansive to evaluate. Especially on the
GPU they can lead to poor occupancy when only some pixels require many kernel
launches to trace and evaluate many layers of transparency.
Baked transparency allows tracing a single ray in many cases by accumulating
the throughput directly in the intersection program without recording hits
or evaluating shaders. Transparency is baked at curve vertices and
interpolated, for most shaders this will look practically the same as actual
shader evaluation.
Fixes T91428, performance regression with spring demo file due to transparent
hair, and makes it render significantly faster than Blender 2.93.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12880
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The motivation for this is twofold. It improves performance (5-10% on most
benchmark scenes), and will help to bring back transparency support for the
ambient occlusion pass.
* Duplicate some members from the main path state in the shadow path state.
* Add shadow paths incrementally to the array similar to what we do for
the shadow catchers.
* For the scheduling, allow running shade surface and shade volume kernels
as long as there is enough space in the shadow paths array. If not, execute
shadow kernels until it is empty.
* Add IntegratorShadowState and ConstIntegratorShadowState typedefs that
can be different between CPU and GPU. For GPU both main and shadow paths
juse have an integer for SoA access. Bt with CPU it's a different pointer
type so we get type safety checks in code shared between CPU and GPU.
* For CPU, add a separate IntegratorShadowStateCPU struct embedded in
IntegratorShadowState.
* Update various functions to take the shadow state, and make SVM take either
type of state using templates.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12889
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* isect Ng is no longer needed for shadows, for main path needed for SSS only
* Reduce rng_offset and queued_kernel to 16 bits
Ref D12889
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* Rename struct KernelGlobals to struct KernelGlobalsCPU
* Add KernelGlobals, IntegratorState and ConstIntegratorState typedefs
that every device can define in its own way.
* Remove INTEGRATOR_STATE_ARGS and INTEGRATOR_STATE_PASS macros and
replace with these new typedefs.
* Add explicit state argument to INTEGRATOR_STATE and similar macros
In preparation for decoupling main and shadow paths.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12888
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This is the first of a sequence of changes to support compiling Cycles kernels as MSL (Metal Shading Language) in preparation for a Metal GPU device implementation.
MSL requires that all pointer types be declared with explicit address space attributes (device, thread, etc...). There is already precedent for this with Cycles' address space macros (ccl_global, ccl_private, etc...), therefore the first step of MSL-enablement is to apply these consistently. Line-for-line this represents the largest change required to enable MSL. Applying this change first will simplify future patches as well as offering the emergent benefit of enhanced descriptiveness.
The vast majority of deltas in this patch fall into one of two cases:
- Ensuring ccl_private is specified for thread-local pointer types
- Ensuring ccl_global is specified for device-wide pointer types
Additionally, the ccl_addr_space qualifier can be removed. Prior to Cycles X, ccl_addr_space was used as a context-dependent address space qualifier, but now it is either redundant (e.g. in struct typedefs), or can be replaced by ccl_global in the case of pointer types. Associated function variants (e.g. lcg_step_float_addrspace) are also redundant.
In cases where address space qualifiers are chained with "const", this patch places the address space qualifier first. The rationale for this is that the choice of address space is likely to have the greater impact on runtime performance and overall architecture.
The final part of this patch is the addition of a metal/compat.h header. This is partially complete and will be extended in future patches, paving the way for the full Metal implementation.
Ref T92212
Reviewed By: brecht
Maniphest Tasks: T92212
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12864
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For details see the "Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated
Subsurface Scattering" paper.
We split the diffuse BSDF into a lambertian and retro-reflection component.
The retro-reflection component is always handled as a BSDF, while the
lambertian component can be replaced by a BSSRDF.
For the BSSRDF case, we compute Fresnel separately at the entry and exit
points, which may have different normals. As the scattering radius decreases
this converges to the BSDF case.
A downside is that this increases noise for subsurface scattering in the
Principled BSDF, due to some samples going to the retro-reflection component.
However the previous logic (also in 2.93) was simple wrong, using a
non-sensical view direction vector at the exit point. We use an importance
sampling weight estimate for the retro-reflection to try to better balance
samples between the BSDF and BSSRDF.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12801
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There is not enough time before the release to improve Random Walk to handle
all cases this was used for, so restore it for now.
Since there is no more path splitting in cycles-x, this can increase noise in
non-flat areas for the sample number of samples, though fewer rays will be traced
also. This is fundamentally a trade-off we made in the new design and why Random
Walk is a better fit. However the importance resampling we do now does help to
reduce noise.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12800
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Previously the storage here was optimized to avoid indirections in BVH2
traversal. This helps improve performance a bit, but makes performance
and memory usage of Embree and OptiX BVHs a bit worse also. It also adds
code complexity in other parts of the code.
Now decouple triangle and curve primitive storage from BVH2.
* Reduced peak memory usage on all devices
* Bit better performance for OptiX and Embree
* Bit worse performance for CUDA
* Simplified code:
** Intersection.prim/object now matches ShaderData.prim/object
** No more offset manipulation for mesh displacement before a BVH is built
** Remove primitive packing code and flags for Embree and OptiX
** Curve segments are now stored in a KernelCurve struct
* Also happens to fix a bug in baking with incorrect prim/object
Fixes T91968, T91770, T91902
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12766
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Make volume stack allocated conditionally, potentially based on the
actual nested level of objects in the scene.
Currently the nested level is estimated by number of volume objects.
This is a non-expensive check which is probably enough in practice
to get almost perfect memory usage and performance.
The conditional allocation is a bit tricky.
For the CPU we declare and define maximum possible volume stack,
because there are only that many integrator states on the CPU.
On the GPU we declare outer SoA to have all volume stack elements,
but only allocate actually needed ones. The actually used volume
stack size is passed as a pre-processor, which seems to be easiest
and fastest for the GPU state copy.
There seems to be no speed regression in the demo files on RTX6000.
Note that scenes with high nested level of volume will now be slower
but correct.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12759
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This previously only work for CPU rendering, and isn't that practical to get
working in the new architecture.
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Goal is to add the length attribute to the Hair Info node, for better control over color gradients or similar along the hair.
Reviewed By: #eevee_viewport, brecht
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D10481
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This includes much improved GPU rendering performance, viewport interactivity,
new shadow catcher, revamped sampling settings, subsurface scattering anisotropy,
new GPU volume sampling, improved PMJ sampling pattern, and more.
Some features have also been removed or changed, breaking backwards compatibility.
Including the removal of the OpenCL backend, for which alternatives are under
development.
Release notes and code docs:
https://wiki.blender.org/wiki/Reference/Release_Notes/3.0/Cycles
https://wiki.blender.org/wiki/Source/Render/Cycles
Credits:
* Sergey Sharybin
* Brecht Van Lommel
* Patrick Mours (OptiX backend)
* Christophe Hery (subsurface scattering anisotropy)
* William Leeson (PMJ sampling pattern)
* Alaska (various fixes and tweaks)
* Thomas Dinges (various fixes)
For the full commit history, see the cycles-x branch. This squashes together
all the changes since intermediate changes would often fail building or tests.
Ref T87839, T87837, T87836
Fixes T90734, T89353, T80267, T80267, T77185, T69800
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The goal: allow to easily use AO approximation in scenes which combines
both small and large scale objects.
The idea: use per-object AO distance which will allow to override world
settings. Instancer object will "propagate" its AO distance to all its
instances unless the instance defines own distance (this allows to
modify AO distance in the shot files, without requiring to modify props
used in the shots.
Available from the new Fats GI Approximation panel in object properties.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D12112
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WITH_CYCLES_DEBUG was used for rendering BVH debugging passes. But since we
mainly use Embree an OptiX now, this information is no longer important.
WITH_CYCLES_DEBUG_NAN will enable additional checks for NaNs and invalid values
in the kernel, for Cycles developers. Previously these asserts where enabled in
all debug builds, but this is too likely to crash Blender in scenes that render
fine regardless of the NaNs. So this is behind a CMake option now.
Fixes T90240
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Volumes primitive needs to be part of traceable primitives.
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Custom properties defined on objects are not accessible from the
attribute node when rendering a volume in Cycles. This is because
this case is not handled.
To handle it, added a primitive type for volumes in the kernel,
which is then used in the initialization of ShaderData and to
check whether an attribute lookup is for a volume.
`volume_attribute_float4` is also now checking the attribute
element type to dispatch to the right lookup function.
Reviewed By: #cycles, brecht
Maniphest Tasks: T87194
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D11728
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Offset rays from the flat surface to match where they would be for a smooth
surface as specified by the normals. In the shading panel there is now a
Shading Offset (existing option) and Geometry Offset (new).
The Geometry Offset works as follows:
* 0: disabled
* 0.001: only terminated triangles (normal points to the light, geometry
doesn't) are affected
* 0.1 (default): triangles at grazing angles are affected, and the effect
fades out
* 1: all triangles are affected
Limitations:
* The artifact is still visible in some cases, it could be that some quads
require to be treated specifically as quads.
* Inconsistent normals cause artifacts.
* If small objects cast shadows to a big low poly surface, the shadows can
appear to be in a wrong place - because the surface moved slightly above
the geometry. This can be noticed only at grazing angles to light.
* Approximated surfaces of two non-intersecting low-poly objects can overlap
that causes off-the-wall shadows.
Generally, using one or a few levels of subdivision can get rid of artifacts
faster than before.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D11065
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These seem to be causing some stability issues, and really are just not that
useful in practice. Compiling them is slow already, so it does not improve
the user experience much to show an AO preview if it's not nearly instant.
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For indirect light rays, don't assume any hit is opaque, rather if it has
transparency or emission do the shading but don't do any further bounces.
Naturally this is slower when there are transparent surfaces, however
without this cutout opacity doesn't give sensible results.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D10985
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This simulates the effect of a honeycomb or grid placed in front of a softbox.
In practice, it works by attenuating rays coming off-angle as a function of the
provided spread angle parameter.
Setting the parameter to 180 degrees poses no restrictions to the rays, making
the light behave the same way as before this patch.
The total light power is normalized based on the spread angle, so that the
light strength remains the same.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D10594
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This is relatively expensive and as per the OSL spec, this value is not
expected to be meaningful for non-light shaders. This makes viewport updates
a little faster.
As a side effect also fixes T82723, viewport refresh issue with volume density.
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Adds support for building multiple BVH types in order to support using both CPU and OptiX
devices for rendering simultaneously. Primitive packing for Embree and OptiX is now
standalone, so it only needs to be run once and can be shared between the two. Additionally,
BVH building was made a device call, so that each device backend can decide how to
perform the building. The multi-device for instance creates a special multi-BVH that holds
references to several sub-BVHs, one for each sub-device.
Reviewed By: brecht, kevindietrich
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D9718
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Support for the AO and bevel shader nodes requires calling "optixTrace" from within the shading
VM, which is only allowed from inlined functions to the raygen program or callables. This patch
therefore converts the shading VM to use direct callables to make it work. To prevent performance
regressions a separate kernel module is compiled and used for this purpose.
Reviewed By: brecht
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D9733
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Ref D2057
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Contributed by pembem22.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D8947
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For GPU debugging purposes, it is still possible to render with the same BVH2
on the CPU using the Debug panel in the render properties.
Note that building Blender without Embree will now lead to significantly reduced
performance in CPU rendering, and a few of the Cycles regression tests will fail
due to small pixel differences.
Ref T73778
Depends on D8014
Maniphest Tasks: T73778
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D8015
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Also removing the curve system manager which only stored a few curve intersection
settings. These are all changes towards making shape and subdivision settings
per-object instead of per-scene, but there is more work to do here.
Ref T73778
Depends on D8013
Maniphest Tasks: T73778
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D8014
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Ref T73778
Depends on D8011
Maniphest Tasks: T73778
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D8012
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The kernel did not work correctly when these were disabled anyway. The
optimized BVH traversal for the no instances case was also only used on
the CPU, so no longer makes sense to keep.
Ref T73778
Depends on D8010
Maniphest Tasks: T73778
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D8011
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The hair BSDFs are already designed to assume this, and disabling backface
culling would break them in some cases.
Ref T73778
Depends on D8009
Maniphest Tasks: T73778
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D8010
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Triangles were very memory intensive. The only reason they were not removed yet
is that they gave more accurate results, but there will be an accurate 3D curve
primitive added for this.
Line rendering was always poor quality since the ends do not match up. To keep CPU
and GPU compatibility we just remove them entirely. They could be brought back if
an Embree compatible implementation is added, but it's not clear to me that there
is a use case for these that we'd consider important.
Ref T73778
Reviewers: #cycles
Subscribers:
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This commit adds a new model to the Sky Texture node, which is based on a
method by Nishita et al. and works by basically simulating volumetric
scattering in the atmosphere.
By making some approximations (such as only considering single scattering),
we get a fairly simple and fast simulation code that takes into account
Rayleigh and Mie scattering as well as Ozone absorption.
This code is used to precompute a 512x128 texture which is then looked up
during render time, and is fast enough to allow real-time tweaking in the
viewport.
Due to the nature of the simulation, it exposes several parameters that
allow for lots of flexibility in choosing the look and matching real-world
conditions (such as Air/Dust/Ozone density and altitude).
Additionally, the same volumetric approach can be used to compute absorption
of the direct sunlight, so the model also supports adding direct sunlight.
This makes it significantly easier to set up Sun+Sky illumination where
the direction, intensity and color of the sun actually matches the sky.
In order to support properly sampling the direct sun component, the commit
also adds logic for sampling a specific area to the kernel light sampling
code. This is combined with portal and background map sampling using MIS.
This sampling logic works for the common case of having one Sky texture
going into the Background shader, but if a custom input to the Vector
node is used or if there are multiple Sky textures, it falls back to using
only background map sampling (while automatically setting the resolution to
4096x2048 if auto resolution is used).
More infos and preview can be found here:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gQta0ygFWXTrl5Pmvl_nZRgUw0mWg0FJeRuNKS36m08/view
Underlying model, implementation and documentation by Marco (@nacioss).
Improvements, cleanup and sun sampling by @lukasstockner.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D7896
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A new user parameter can be used to shift the shadow terminator
towards the light source. With it, one can hide some of the
artifacts that appear on coarse meshes with smooth shading.
Note that this technique is not engery conserving.
This is based on the work by the Appleseed renderer team.
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D7634
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There should be no user visible change from this, except that tile size
now affects performance. The goal here is to simplify bake denoising in
D3099, letting it reuse more denoising tiles and pass code.
A lot of code is now shared with regular rendering, with the two main
differences being that we read some render result passes from the bake API
when starting to render a tile, and call the bake kernel instead of the
path trace kernel.
With this kind of design where Cycles asks for tiles from the bake API,
it should eventually be easier to reduce memory usage, show tiles as
they are baked, or bake multiple passes at once, though there's still
quite some work needed for that.
Reviewers: #cycles
Subscribers: monio, wmatyjewicz, lukasstockner97, michaelknubben
Differential Revision: https://developer.blender.org/D3108
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No functional changes yet, this is work towards making CPU and GPU results
match more closely.
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