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This is mostly work towards enabling the __KERNEL_SSE__ option to start using
SIMD operations for vector math operations. This 4.1 kernel performes about 8%
faster with that option but overall is still slower than without the option.
WITH_CYCLES_OPTIMIZED_KERNEL_SSE41 is the cmake flag for testing this kernel.
Alignment of int3, int4, float3, float4 to 16 bytes seems to give a slight 1-2%
speedup on tested systems with the current kernel already, so is enabled now.
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This to avoids build conflicts with libc++ on FreeBSD, these __ prefixed values
are reserved for compilers. I apologize to anyone who has patches or branches
and has to go through the pain of merging this change, it may be easiest to do
these same replacements in your code and then apply/merge the patch.
Ref T37477.
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except for curves, that's still missing from the OpenColorIO GLSL shader.
The pixels are stored in a half float texture, converterd from full float with
native GPU instructions and SIMD on the CPU, so it should be pretty quick.
Using a GLSL shader is useful for GPU render because it avoids a copy through
CPU memory.
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More information in this post:
http://code.blender.org/
Thanks to all contributes for giving their permission!
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* Reshuffle SSE #ifdefs to try to avoid compilation errors enabling SSE on 32 bit.
* Remove CUDA kernel launch size exception on Mac, is not needed.
* Make OSL file compilation quiet like c/cpp files.
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* kernel_sse2 was built without actual SSE2 intrinsics on x86 systems.
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on many platforms but is not assured everywhere.
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using
a compiler older than CUDA 5.0 it will give a warning and skip this architecture.
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way back to Pentium 4, using a slightly less efficient instruction.
Also ensure /Ox is used for Visual Studio for RelWithDebInfo builds.
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new BVH traversal code, not just SSE3.
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needs to include intrin.h for _BitScanForward and _BitScanReverse.
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Embree.
On the BMW scene, this gives roughly a 10% speedup overall with clang/gcc, and 30%
speedup with visual studio (2008). It turns out visual studio was optimizing the
existing code quite poorly compared to pretty good autovectorization by clang/gcc,
but hand written SSE code also gives a smaller speed boost there.
This code isn't enabled when using the hair minimum width feature yet, need to
make that work with the SSE code still.
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conflicting redefinitions of the SSE functions in windows.h, so we will be using this header instead, since we can't always avoid including it instead of the sse headers.
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instead of sobol. So far one doesn't seem to be consistently better or worse than
the other for the same number of samples but more testing is needed.
The random number generator itself is slower than sobol for most number of samples,
except 16, 64, 256, .. because they can be computed faster. This can probably be
optimized, but we can do that when/if this actually turns out to be useful.
Paper this implementation is based on:
http://graphics.pixar.com/library/MultiJitteredSampling/
Also includes some refactoring of RNG code, fixing a Sobol correlation issue with
the first BSDF and < 16 samples, skipping some unneeded RNG calls and using a
simpler unit square to unit disk function.
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conversion.
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should be no functional changes yet. UV, tangent and intercept are now stored
as attributes, with the intention to add more like multiple uv's, vertex
colors, generated coordinates and motion vectors later.
Things got a bit messy due to having both triangle and curve data in the same
mesh data structure, which also gives us two sets of attributes. This will get
cleaned up when we split the mesh class.
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* Tangent: generate a tangent direction for anisotropic shading. Can be either
radial around X/Y/Z axis, or from a UV map. The default tangent for the
anisotropic BSDF and geometry node is now always radial Z, for UV tangent use
this node now.
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Render/Cycles/Nodes/More#Tangent
* Normal Map: generate a perturbed normal from an RGB normal map image. This
is usually chained with an Image Texture node in the color input, to specify
the normal map image. For tangent space normal maps, the UV coordinates for
the image must match, and the image texture should be set to Non-Color mode
to give correct results.
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Render/Cycles/Nodes/More#Normal_Map
* Refraction BSDF: for best results this node should be considered as a building
block and not be used on its own, but rather mixed with a glossy node using a
fresnel type factor. Otherwise it will give quite dark results at the edges for
glossy refraction.
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Render/Cycles/Nodes/Shaders#Refraction
* Ambient Occlusion: controls the amount of AO a surface receives, rather than
having just a global factor in the world. Note that this outputs a shader and
not a color, that's for another time.
http://wiki.blender.org/index.php/Doc:2.6/Manual/Render/Cycles/Nodes/Shaders#Ambient_Occlusion
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UV map.
It's using the Ward BSDF currently, which has some energy loss so might be a bit
dark. More/better BSDF options can be implemented later.
Patch by Mike Farnsworth, some modifications by me. Currently it's not possible yet
to set a custom tangent, that will follow as part of per-bsdf normals patch.
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enum typedef and the attribute_standard_name mapping function to util_attribute/util_types headers, so they can properly be used by kernel and render files alike. This should avoid any std C includes which are not available in CUDA. Thanks to Sergey for help!
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"__force_inline" keyword used in Cycles header is not defined
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=== BVH build time optimizations ===
* BVH building was multithreaded. Not all building is multithreaded, packing
and the initial bounding/splitting is still single threaded, but recursive
splitting is, which was the main bottleneck.
* Object splitting now uses binning rather than sorting of all elements, using
code from the Embree raytracer from Intel.
http://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/embree-photo-realistic-ray-tracing-kernels/
* Other small changes to avoid allocations, pack memory more tightly, avoid
some unnecessary operations, ...
These optimizations do not work yet when Spatial Splits are enabled, for that
more work is needed. There's also other optimizations still needed, in
particular for the case of many low poly objects, the packing step and node
memory allocation.
BVH raytracing time should remain about the same, but BVH build time should be
significantly reduced, test here show speedup of about 5x to 10x on a dual core
and 5x to 25x on an 8-core machine, depending on the scene.
=== Threads ===
Centralized task scheduler for multithreading, which is basically the
CPU device threading code wrapped into something reusable.
Basic idea is that there is a single TaskScheduler that keeps a pool of threads,
one for each core. Other places in the code can then create a TaskPool that they
can drop Tasks in to be executed by the scheduler, and wait for them to complete
or cancel them early.
=== Normal ====
Added a Normal output to the texture coordinate node. This currently
gives the object space normal, which is the same under object animation.
In the future this might become a "generated" normal so it's also stable for
deforming objects, but for now it's already useful for non-deforming objects.
=== Render Layers ===
Per render layer Samples control, leaving it to 0 will use the common scene
setting.
Environment pass will now render environment even if film is set to transparent.
Exclude Layers" added. Scene layers (all object that influence the render,
directly or indirectly) are shared between all render layers. However sometimes
it's useful to leave out some object influence for a particular render layer.
That's what this option allows you to do.
=== Filter Glossy ===
When using a value higher than 0.0, this will blur glossy reflections after
blurry bounces, to reduce noise at the cost of accuracy. 1.0 is a good
starting value to tweak.
Some light paths have a low probability of being found while contributing much
light to the pixel. As a result these light paths will be found in some pixels
and not in others, causing fireflies. An example of such a difficult path might
be a small light that is causing a small specular highlight on a sharp glossy
material, which we are seeing through a rough glossy material. With path tracing
it is difficult to find the specular highlight, but if we increase the roughness
on the material the highlight gets bigger and softer, and so easier to find.
Often this blurring will be hardly noticeable, because we are seeing it through
a blurry material anyway, but there are also cases where this will lead to a
loss of detail in lighting.
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* Fix excessive fireflies in Velvet BSDF (patch by David).
* Disable some unused SSE code
* Remove RTTI disabling flags for now, this is giving some compile issues and
was only needed of OSL which we're not using yet.
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* Add alpha pass output, to use set Transparent option in Film panel.
* Add Holdout closure (OSL terminology), this is like the Sky option in the
internal renderer, objects with this closure show the background / zero
alpha.
* Add option to use Gaussian instead of Box pixel filter in the UI.
* Remove camera response curves for now, they don't really belong here in
the pipeline, should be moved to compositor.
* Output full float values for rendering now, previously was only byte precision.
* Add a patch from Thomas to get a preview passes option, but still disabled
because it isn't quite working right yet.
* CUDA: don't compile shader graph evaluation inline.
* Convert tabs to spaces in python files.
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modifications and build instructions will follow later.
Cycles uses code from some great open source projects, many thanks them:
* BVH building and traversal code from NVidia's "Understanding the Efficiency of Ray Traversal on GPUs":
http://code.google.com/p/understanding-the-efficiency-of-ray-traversal-on-gpus/
* Open Shading Language for a large part of the shading system:
http://code.google.com/p/openshadinglanguage/
* Blender for procedural textures and a few other nodes.
* Approximate Catmull Clark subdivision from NVidia Mesh tools:
http://code.google.com/p/nvidia-mesh-tools/
* Sobol direction vectors from:
http://web.maths.unsw.edu.au/~fkuo/sobol/
* Film response functions from:
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/CAVE/software/softlib/dorf.php
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