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Materials are exported the best we can do by now. It will look almost as in
blender except for the missing procedural textures and some minor issues.
You have to tweak normal modulation amount to get the desired result cause
is not the same in yafray.
We added a panel in render space to adjust some yafray settings (GI and so)
Also we export transparency and reflection using new raytracing settings,
but that will be changed and improved soon.
Remember that you have to set YFexport path in user defaults and yafray must
be on path (version 0.0.6)
We added the "yafray" button to activate all this stuff in the render window.
Panel and settings are only shown when checked.
So now when activated the code calls yafray export instead of the internal
renderer and finally the resulting image is loaded back into render window's
buffer. So animation is also possible and results can be saved using blender
usual scheme.
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system, and gcc refuses to see it as warning. weirdos!
this caused previewrender to show black for oren nayar.
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You'll need SCons (www.scons.org) to build.
Platforms currently working:
* Linux (me)
- options for quicktime, openal and international disabled
- uses the system libs and include files for building - no option to build
with the precompiled libraries yet.
* Windows (jesterKing)
- builds with quicktime (optional)
- builds with openal (optional)
- builds with international support (optional)
- Use the DOS box to build
- builds with precompiled libraries
* Irix (Hos)
- Uses default Irix compiler
- Not all optimization levels correct yet
- options for quicktime, openal and international disabled
- builds with precompiled libraries
* Cygwin (me)
- has a problem in the linking stage
- uses free build tools (gcc)
- options for quicktime, openal and international disabled
- uses the system libs and include files for building - no option to build
with the precompiled libraries yet.
* MacOS (sgefant)
- builds with quicktime (optional)
- options for openal and international disabled
- builds a nice bundle
- builds with precompiled libraries
Thanks to IanWill for a bugfix in the Linux build.
Note: This is a work in progress. A lot still has to be done - for example the
optional parts are only to be enabled by directly setting 'true' or
'false' in the SConstruct file. This needs to be moved to a user config
file. Also, the .o/.obj files are stored in the source tree. This needs
to be fixed as well.
The game engine is not yet built.
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already gave noise with area size of 0.1.
Limited buttons to minimum value of 0.01 for area light. For people
who want smaller they can scale it down in 3d, effectively reducing
the energy then as well.
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- based at 1.0-exp(-color) trick in Yafray. But to guarantee backwards
compatibility, and some more control, Stefano Selleri hacked a useful
formula for it.
- We now have 2 values to set:
- "exp": the exponential correction value (0-1)
- "range": the light range that maps on color 1.0 (0-5)
- Using exp(x) (is e^x) we can much better prevent overflows from render,
which are currently hard-clipped in Blender. Setting a small 'exp' value
wil efficiently smooth out high energy and map that back to a color for
display.
- total formula:
newcol= linfac*(1.0-exp(col*logfac))
col, newcol are colors
linfac= 1.0 + 1.0/((2.0*wrld.exp +0.5)^10)
logfac= log( (linfac-1.0)/linfac )/wrld.range
wrld.exp and wrld.range are the button values
- default setting: exp=0.0 and range=1.0 give results extremely close to
previous rendering.
- graph: http://www.selleri.org/Blender/buffer/Image1.png for 'exp' setting
ranging from 0-1, and with 'range'=2
Thanks Stefano for the help!
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oren-nayer was of course of not built for area-lights... so probably
Cessen will kill me for this hack. Nice challenge for him to come with
better solution. Visually it works & looks fine.
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- excluded 'dist' factor calculus from arealamps, which caused too much
distance sensitivity
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pointer.
Now variables are localized, this is not always set anymore.
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- New lamp type added "Area". This uses the radiosity formula (Stoke) to
calculate the amount of energy which is received from a plane. Result
is very nice local light, which nicely spreads out.
- Area lamps have a 'gamma' option to control the light spread
- Area lamp builtin sizes: square, rect, cube & box. Only first 2 are
implemented. Set a type, and define area size
- Button area size won't affect the amount of energy. But scaling the lamp
in 3d window will do. This is to cover the case when you scale an entire
scene, the light then will remain identical
If you just want to change area lamp size, use buttons when you dont want
to make the scene too bright or too dark
- Since area lights realistically are sensitive for distance (quadratic), the
effect it has is quickly too much, or too less. For this the "Dist" value
in Lamp can be used. Set it at Dist=10 to have reasonable light on distance
10 Blender units (assumed you didnt scale lamp object).
- I tried square sized specularity, but this looked totally weird. Not
committed
- Plan is to extend area light with 3d dimensions, boxes and cubes.
- Note that area light is one-sided, towards negative Z. I need to design
a nice drawing method for it.
Area Shadow
- Since there are a lot of variables associated with soft shadow, they now
only are available for Area lights. Allowing spot & normal lamp to have
soft shadow is possible though, but will require a reorganisation of the
Lamp buttons. Is a point of research & feedback still.
- Apart from area size, you now can individually set amount of samples in
X and Y direction (for area lamp type 'Rect'). For box type area lamp,
this will become 3 dimensions
- Area shadows have four options:
"Clip circle" : only uses a circular shape of samples, gives smoother
results
"Dither" : use a 2x2 dither mask
"Jitter" : applys a pseudo-random offset to samples
"Umbra" : extra emphasis on area that's fully in shadow.
Raytrace speedup
- improved filling in faces in Octree. Large faces occupied too many nodes
- added a coherence check; rays fired sequentially that begin and end in
same octree nodes, and that don't intersect, are quickly rejected
- rendering shadow scenes benefits from this 20-40%. My statue test monkey
file now renders in 19 seconds (was 30).
Plus:
- adjusted specular max to 511, and made sure Blinn spec has again this
incredible small spec size
- for UI rounded theme: the color "button" displayed RGB color too dark
- fixed countall() function, to also include Subsurf totals
- removed setting the 'near' clipping for pressing dot-key numpad
- when you press the buttons-window icon for 'Shading Context' the context
automaticilly switches as with F5 hotkey
Please be warned that this is not a release... settings in files might not
work as it did, nor guaranteed to work when we do a release. :)
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branches. Especially larger faces give result. Rendering times go down
with an average of 10%. My reference testfile went down from 30.4 to
27.9 seconds.
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compile round. Wrong prototypes, unused variables, zealot const usage,
and in action.c fixed insane & unreadable function call syntax.
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Based on feedback (thnx phase!) I found a big disadvantage of the 'real'
fresnel formula. It doesnt degrade to 0.0, causing 2-3 times too many
rays being fired compared to the previous one. So; a lot slower.
Now committed is a hybrid which allows (close to) real, and nice artistic
freedom, *and* it really goes to 0.0 and 1.0, assisting nicely in optimal
render times.
A real doc how it works (with pics) will be made before real release.
- Fixed bug in raytrace: the first renderpass didn't use fresnel for mirror.
- Fixed bug in previewrender, now it closer matches how fresnel renders
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At last irc meeting, eeshlo pointed to an error in the code. It didn't
use the IOR value correctly. This has been solved. So how it works now:
- the IOR button value influences (very subtle) the fresnel effect.
Only for realism diehards.
- the Fresnel value (slider) now denotes the power in the function
rf + (1-rf) * (1-c)^5
where rf= rf = ((ior-1)/(ior+1))^2
and c the dot-product ray/normal.
- so, set the slider at '5' and you have real fresnel. Lower values
for interesting artistic effects.
- put back the forgotten code for gaussian corrected sampling during
antialising render. Normally, each sub-pixel sample in Blender counts
equally, and together make up the pixel color.
With 'Gauss' option set (F10 menu) each sub-pixel sample creates a small
weighted mask with variable size, which (can) affect neighbouring pixels
as well. The result is smoother edges, less sensitive for gamma, and
well suited to reduce motion-aliasing (when things move extreme slow).
This is result of *long* period of research in NeoGeo days, and based on
every scientific sampling/reconstructing theory we could find. Plus a
little bit of our selves. :)
- I should write once how blender constructs Jitter tables for sub-sampling.
this is a very nice method, and superior to normal block filter or random
jittering... time!
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Main target was to make the inner rendering loop using no globals anymore.
This is essential for proper usage while raytracing, it caused a lot of
hacks in the raycode as well, which even didn't work correctly for all
situations (textures especially).
Done this by creating a new local struct RenderInput, which replaces usage
of the global struct Render R. The latter now only is used to denote
image size, viewmatrix, and the like.
Making the inner render loops using no globals caused 1000s of vars to
be changed... but the result definitely is much nicer code, which enables
making 'real' shaders in a next stage.
It also enabled me to remove the hacks from ray.c
Then i went to the task of removing redundant code. Especially the calculus
of texture coords took place (identical) in three locations.
Most obvious is the change in the unified render part, which is much less
code now; it uses the same rendering routines as normal render now.
(Note; not for halos yet!)
I also removed 6 files called 'shadowbuffer' something. This was experimen-
tal stuff from NaN days. And again saved a lot of double used code.
Finally I went over the blenkernel and blender/src calls to render stuff.
Here the same local data is used now, resulting in less dependency.
I also moved render-texture to the render module, this was still in Kernel.
(new file: texture.c)
So! After this commit I will check on the autofiles, to try to fix that.
MSVC people have to do it themselves.
This commit will need quite some testing help, but I'm around!
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- added 'Mapping to" channel "RayMirror", to control mirror with texture
- fixed bug in using mirror-rgb as texture channel... this is cumbersome
because it is abused by Envmap in a not nice way. Fixing the abuse will
cause compatibility errors, which can be fixed when we up release # to
2.32.
- added "Translucency", which is nothing else than allowing another
shading pass for the backside of a face (with normal inverted). This
is interesting for all kinds of situations where you want light from
behind to 'shine through'. Also works to reduce dark areas in
unlighted parts of rendering transparent faces. Light from behind on
transparent red window should make it glowing some, right?!
- added texture channel for this as well
- Reorganized Material Panels to reveil some consistancy where buttons
can be found. Not perfect yet, but at least all options for Shaders and
options for Mirror & Transparency now are together.
This gives some space in Shader Panel for nice expansion.
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- implemented tracing of transparency for shadows. This is a material
option, in the new RayTrace panel.
it only traces color and alpha, not shading. So the results of some
transparant colored unlit faces can look odd. I will look onto that.
- changed fresnel formula (got hint from eeshlo!). this simplifies the UI,
now only one button needed. The fresnel value "should" be identical as
the refraction index, but that is booooring! So i added a special fresnel
refraction slider for both mirroring and transparency. By setting all 3
sliders equal, you get 'realism'.
- fresnel for transparancy works for Ztra rendering too. Same for transpa-
rent shadow. But then you need to set 'ray' on in F10 menu.
- uploaded new monkey_glass blend in download.blender.org/demo/test/
Next stage: killing the globals from render, and implement "translucency"
which is effectively allowing faces being lit from behind, as paper or
cloth.
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error was due to new localized render result code... and of course only
shading and tracing was tested :)
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Changelog:
- enable refraction with button "Ray Transp" in Material buttons.
- set "Angular Index" value for amount of refraction.
- use the "Alpha" value to define transparency.
- remember to set a higher "Depth" too... glass can bounce quite some
more than expected.
- for correct refraction, 3D models MUST have normals pointing in the
right direction (consistently pointing outside).
- refraction 'sees' the thickness of glass based on what you model. So
make for realistic glass both sides of a surface.
- I needed to do some rewriting for correct mirroring/refraction,
especially to prevent specularity being blended away.
Solved this with localizing shading results in the rendercore.c.
Now specularity correctly is added, and reduces the 'mirror' value.
- Localizing more parts of the render code is being planned. The old
render heavily relies on struct Render and struct Osa to store globals.
For scanline render no problem, but recursive raytracing dislikes that.
- done test with gamma-corrected summation of colors during tracing, is
commented out still. But this will give more balanced reflections. Now
dark reflections that are reflected in a bright surface seem incorrect.
- Introduced 'Fresnel' effect for Mirror and Transparency. This
influences the amount of mirror/transparency based at viewing angle.
Next to a new Fresnel slider, also a 'falloff' button has been added to
define the way it spreads.
- Fresnel also works for Ztransp rendering
- created new Panel for Raytrace options
I have to evaluate still where it all should be logically located.
- material preview shows fake reflection and fake refraction as well.
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this will be quite a lot of reconstruction, if i want to go for
refraction, caustics, pathlights, etc... :/
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during raytracing were 'hanging' and showing up in the first rendered
material.
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It appeared that the Osa vectors for view vector, and for rendered coord
had an opposite sign...
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(bzero seems to be old, not supported anymore, also not for windows)
- think I fixed the error compiling in Irix, for a correct cast now
(added parentheses around the subject for cast)
- changed call to ray_mirror, now included in the shading loop, just
before the addition happens for specular. That way specular is added
over mirroring. This changes the appearance quite some!
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by Ztonzy. Error happened when:
- ray intersects in first node of traversal
- next ray should intersect in same first node as well
- no other nodes were accessed inbetween
It's a bit hard to explain! But the reason is in the optimize code
in top of ocread() function, where binary XOR magic speeds up. Here
some static variables needed a reset.
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Shouldn't affect other platform if I did it correctly.
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This is a revision of the old NeoGeo raytracer, dusted off, improved quite
a lot, and nicely integrated in the rest of rendering pipeline.
Enable it with F10-"Ray", and set either a 'ray-shadow' lamp or give the
Material a "RayMirror" value.
It has been added for 2 reasons:
- get feedback on validity... I need artists to play around with it if it's
actually useful. It still *is* raytracing, meaning complex scenes will
easily become slow.
- for educational purposes. All raytracing happens in ray.c, which can be
quite easily adjusted for other effects.
When too many disasters pop up with this, I'll make it a compile #ifdef.
But so far, it seems to do a decent job.
Demo files: http://www.blender.org/docs/ray_test.tgz
An article (tech) about how it works, and about the new octree invention
will be posted soon. :)
Note: it doesn't work with unified render yet.
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- fixed bug in halo rendering combined with spothalo
- fixed bug in no antialiasing with sky with spothalo
- cleaned some weird usage of gamma for spothalo and sky
(when rendering sky + spothalo, sky got gamma corrected
- removed old test code and #ifdefs for code readability
On test scenes here unified render looks much better. still some minor
issues with antialiasing... cant pin that down yet.
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Wire rendering gave errors with parts.
This due to the fact the lines are clipped exactly at the pixel
centers of the image edge. For polys (triangles) that works fine, but
in wireframe you see the lines ending at the edge.
Solved by adjusting clipping routine for wires just a tinsy bit.
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removed some code of someone in NaN who tried to fix
prototypes... just solved by introducing a correct cmat[3][3] instead
of using weird new matrix code.
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previously rendered image. it was just screwing up memory in some cases.
for it to work quite more elaborate coding is needed.
- when selecting border in camera view (SHIFT+B) the associated render
option is set automatic
- fixed some mallocs to become callocs in renderloop, to prevent garbish
when border rendering
- also enables closing bug #179
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brightness... it had one multiplication too many...
- found 3 month old error: the fix i committed for ESC during render
was undone partially by a commit from guignot one week later. I already
*thought* ESC reacted so slow... but i had fixed it, not!? :-)
Now its still fast and instantly reacts to ESC again.
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User Info:
Hard coded limits on the total number of face, verts, halos, and lamps
is gone. Blender now allocates the tables for these on an as needed
basis. As long as your system can come up with the memory, you won't
run out. As a bonus, it also uses slightly less memory on smaller scenes.
Coder info:
This has been in tuhopuu for a while, but I don't know how hard it
has been tested. Since it now allocates only an initial 1024 tables
(of 256 verts/faces/halos each), it seems like it has been put through
it's paces. Lamps are allocated one at a time, and I start with 256.
I rendered 2.5M Faces/Verts/Halos. 4444 lamps. None the less, I left
a few printf's in the realocation to hunt bugs. I'll take them out
just before the release freeze.
Also, be on the lookout for other "sanity checks" that assume
a limited number of the above items. I think I got them all, but
you never know.
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User info:
This change limits the contribution of any OSA sample to 1.0 per color
in the Unified renderer. Because color=1.0 gives fully saturated color,
samples contributing more than 1.0 were overweighted in the OSA average
causing aliasing (sometimes quite severe).
Samples can contribute more than 1.0 because a material's spec and refl
values are not normalized (In real world spec+refl <= 1.0). This solves
a large class of aliasing problems in the unified renderer.
Coder Info:
None.
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- fixed the () in the && || code, typo... <blush>
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1. Rendering with material without radio flag sometimes caused scanline
errors. The 'rad' value for rendercore loop wasn't reset in all cases
2. The color didn't truely match the color when using 'radio tool'.
Cleaned up a few old lines in rendercore loop... accidentally one
calculation was done double.
3. When adding new radiosity block, 'max iterations' is set at 120. this
prevents noobies/experiment from going into radio-solving with a long
itteration time (it exits at convergence < 0.1)
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key, among which is a crash related to lensflares rendering even though no
render buffer exists (after pressing ESC). Fixed this one. Be sure there
are more! :)
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Multiple environments now can be rendered in one pass. Previously the other objects with environment maps didn't show up in a reflection. Like this:
http://www.blender.org/bf/dep.jpg
By default, Blender renders now this result:
http://www.blender.org/bf/dep0.jpg
For a further 'recursive ray-tracing effect' you can give each EnvMap texture a higher "Depth" value. Here is a result with depth set at '2':
http://www.blender.org/bf/dep2.jpg
Related new options:
- in (F10) DisplayButtons, environment map rendering can be turned on and off.
- in EnvMap texture buttons you can free all environment maps
- Environment map sizes are also reduced with the (F10) 'percentage' option.
Tech note: with this commit the VlakRen struct has on *ob pointer!
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- the link order for Blender has changed, the libradiosity.a has to be moved after the librender.a (obviously for a new dependency!). Check blender/source/Makefile
- there's a new file: blender/source/radiosity/intern/source/radrender.c
Here's what the new code does:
Using the core routines of the Radiosity tool, each renderface with 'emit material' and each renderface with 'radio material flag' set will be used to itterate to a global illumination solution. Per face with high energy (emit) little images are rendered (hemicubes) which makes up lookup tables to 'shoot' its energy to other faces.
In the end this energy - color - then is directly added to the pixel colors while rendering, Gouraud shaded.
Since it's done with renderfaces, it works for all primitives in Blender.
What is doesn't do yet:
- take into account textured color of faces. Currently it uses the material RGB color for filtering distributed energy.
- do some smart pre-subdividing. I don't know yet if this is useful... Right now it means that you'll have to balance the models yourself, to deliver small faces where you want a high accuracy for shadowing.
- unified render (is at my todo list)
User notes:
- per Material you want to have included in radiosity render: set the 'radio' flag. For newly added Materials it is ON by default now.
- the Ambient slider in Material controls the amount of radiosity color.
- for enabling radiosity rendering, set the F10 "Radio" button.
- the Radiosity buttons now only show the relevant radiosity rendering options. Pressing "collect meshes" will show all buttons again.
- for meshes, the faces who use Radio material always call the 'autosmooth' routine, this to make sure sharp angles (like corners in a room) do not have shared vertices. For some smooth models (like the raptor example) you might increase the standard smoothing angle from 30 to 45 degree.
Technical notes:
- I had to expand the renderface and rendervertices for it... shame on me! Faces have one pointer extra, render vertices four floats...
- The size of the hemicubes is now based at the boundbox of the entire scene (0.002 of it). This should be more reliable... to be done
- I fixed a bug in radiosity render, where sometimes backfaces where lit
In general:
I'd like everyone to play a bit with this system. It's not easy to get good results with it. A simple "hit and go" isn't there... maybe some good suggestions?
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now 'only shadow' lamps won't give light when rendering without shadows.
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multiples of 16 pixels
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tuhopuu (as max for buttons)
- Sun lamps now do toon specularity too
Hemi lamps dont do any other shader than the old ones still... the
implimentation of it in Tuhopuu is disputable, will solve this for 2.29
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in Tuhopuu
- added the Tuhopuu feature which displays material-buttons and lamp-
buttons integrated. saves button presses that way!
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do a make clean in source/blender/ to be sure!
- Included the new shaders from Cessen... well, only the shader calls
themselves. To make sure the shaders work I nicely integrated it
- MaterialButtons: layout changed a bit, but still resembles the old
layout. The 'shader' options now are located together.
- Shaders are separated in 'diffuse' and 'specular'. You can combine them
freely.
- diffuse Lambert: old shader
diffuse Oren Nayar: new shader, gives sandy/silky/skinny material well
diffuse Toon: for cartoon render
- specular Phong: new spec, traditional 70ies spec
specular CookTorr: a reduced version of cook torrance shading, does
off specular peak well
specular Blinn: new spec, same features as CookTorr, but with extra
'refraction' setting
specular Toon: new spec for cartoon render
- default blender starts with settings that render compatible!
- works in shaded view and preview-render
- works in unified render
Further little changes:
- removed paranoia compile warnings from render/loader/blenlib
- and the warnings at files I worked at were removed.
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eat up cpu time.
in fact it was in pre-ghost blender already.
works now for all posix OS's, except for windows. now working on getting
that fixed as well. until then, rendering will be slow at win32...
cvS: ----------------------------------------------------------------------
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Florian Eggenburger).
Full instructions are in doc/README.windows-gcc.
Main differences from Florian's patch:
- the 'lib' dir should now be the same level as the 'blender' dir (rather
than being a subdir of 'blender'). This is consistent with the other
platforms that bf-blender supports (tuhopuu will also adopt this convention
hopefully soon).
- the script 'free_windows-env.mk' is no longer needed ... see the
docs about how this is overcome (again, tuhopuu will hopefully
also follow this route soon).
- the dlltool dir has it's own Makefile that builds all of the
needed stub libraries from the dll's in cvs.
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Removes floating point calculations and fixes some rounding errors
too boot.
I created a test program so you can see the differences if anyone is
interested you can grab it from
http://www.cs.umn.edu/~mein/blender/testedge.c
Kent
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