Merge branch 'vd/sparse-reset'

Various operating modes of "git reset" have been made to work
better with the sparse index.

* vd/sparse-reset:
  unpack-trees: improve performance of next_cache_entry
  reset: make --mixed sparse-aware
  reset: make sparse-aware (except --mixed)
  reset: integrate with sparse index
  reset: expand test coverage for sparse checkouts
  sparse-index: update command for expand/collapse test
  reset: preserve skip-worktree bit in mixed reset
  reset: rename is_missing to !is_in_reset_tree

8 files changed, 356 insertions, 37 deletions

diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index 7393595349..b1ff699b43 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "submodule-config.h"
+#include "dir.h"
 
 #define REFRESH_INDEX_DELAY_WARNING_IN_MS (2 * 1000)
 
@@ -136,21 +137,36 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 	int intent_to_add = *(int *)data;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
+		int pos;
 		struct diff_filespec *one = q->queue[i]->one;
-		int is_missing = !(one->mode && !is_null_oid(&one->oid));
+		int is_in_reset_tree = one->mode && !is_null_oid(&one->oid);
 		struct cache_entry *ce;
 
-		if (is_missing && !intent_to_add) {
+		if (!is_in_reset_tree && !intent_to_add) {
 			remove_file_from_cache(one->path);
 			continue;
 		}
 
 		ce = make_cache_entry(&the_index, one->mode, &one->oid, one->path,
 				      0, 0);
+
+		/*
+		 * If the file 1) corresponds to an existing index entry with
+		 * skip-worktree set, or 2) does not exist in the index but is
+		 * outside the sparse checkout definition, add a skip-worktree bit
+		 * to the new index entry. Note that a sparse index will be expanded
+		 * if this entry is outside the sparse cone - this is necessary
+		 * to properly construct the reset sparse directory.
+		 */
+		pos = cache_name_pos(one->path, strlen(one->path));
+		if ((pos >= 0 && ce_skip_worktree(active_cache[pos])) ||
+		    (pos < 0 && !path_in_sparse_checkout(one->path, &the_index)))
+			ce->ce_flags |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
+
 		if (!ce)
 			die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"),
 			    one->path);
-		if (is_missing) {
+		if (!is_in_reset_tree) {
 			ce->ce_flags |= CE_INTENT_TO_ADD;
 			set_object_name_for_intent_to_add_entry(ce);
 		}
@@ -158,6 +174,82 @@ static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 	}
 }
 
+static int pathspec_needs_expanded_index(const struct pathspec *pathspec)
+{
+	unsigned int i, pos;
+	int res = 0;
+	char *skip_worktree_seen = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * When using a magic pathspec, assume for the sake of simplicity that
+	 * the index needs to be expanded to match all matchable files.
+	 */
+	if (pathspec->magic)
+		return 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pathspec->nr; i++) {
+		struct pathspec_item item = pathspec->items[i];
+
+		/*
+		 * If the pathspec item has a wildcard, the index should be expanded
+		 * if the pathspec has the possibility of matching a subset of entries inside
+		 * of a sparse directory (but not the entire directory).
+		 *
+		 * If the pathspec item is a literal path, the index only needs to be expanded
+		 * if a) the pathspec isn't in the sparse checkout cone (to make sure we don't
+		 * expand for in-cone files) and b) it doesn't match any sparse directories
+		 * (since we can reset whole sparse directories without expanding them).
+		 */
+		if (item.nowildcard_len < item.len) {
+			/*
+			 * Special case: if the pattern is a path inside the cone
+			 * followed by only wildcards, the pattern cannot match
+			 * partial sparse directories, so we don't expand the index.
+			 */
+			if (path_in_cone_mode_sparse_checkout(item.original, &the_index) &&
+			    strspn(item.original + item.nowildcard_len, "*") == item.len - item.nowildcard_len)
+				continue;
+
+			for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
+				struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
+
+				if (!S_ISSPARSEDIR(ce->ce_mode))
+					continue;
+
+				/*
+				 * If the pre-wildcard length is longer than the sparse
+				 * directory name and the sparse directory is the first
+				 * component of the pathspec, need to expand the index.
+				 */
+				if (item.nowildcard_len > ce_namelen(ce) &&
+				    !strncmp(item.original, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce))) {
+					res = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+
+				/*
+				 * If the pre-wildcard length is shorter than the sparse
+				 * directory and the pathspec does not match the whole
+				 * directory, need to expand the index.
+				 */
+				if (!strncmp(item.original, ce->name, item.nowildcard_len) &&
+				    wildmatch(item.original, ce->name, 0)) {
+					res = 1;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (!path_in_cone_mode_sparse_checkout(item.original, &the_index) &&
+			   !matches_skip_worktree(pathspec, i, &skip_worktree_seen))
+			res = 1;
+
+		if (res > 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	free(skip_worktree_seen);
+	return res;
+}
+
 static int read_from_tree(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 			  struct object_id *tree_oid,
 			  int intent_to_add)
@@ -170,7 +262,13 @@ static int read_from_tree(const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 	opt.format_callback = update_index_from_diff;
 	opt.format_callback_data = &intent_to_add;
 	opt.flags.override_submodule_config = 1;
+	opt.flags.recursive = 1;
 	opt.repo = the_repository;
+	opt.change = diff_change;
+	opt.add_remove = diff_addremove;
+
+	if (pathspec->nr && the_index.sparse_index && pathspec_needs_expanded_index(pathspec))
+		ensure_full_index(&the_index);
 
 	if (do_diff_cache(tree_oid, &opt))
 		return 1;
@@ -249,9 +347,6 @@ static void parse_args(struct pathspec *pathspec,
 	}
 	*rev_ret = rev;
 
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die(_("index file corrupt"));
-
 	parse_pathspec(pathspec, 0,
 		       PATHSPEC_PREFER_FULL |
 		       (patch_mode ? PATHSPEC_PREFIX_ORIGIN : 0),
@@ -397,6 +492,12 @@ int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (intent_to_add && reset_type != MIXED)
 		die(_("-N can only be used with --mixed"));
 
+	prepare_repo_settings(the_repository);
+	the_repository->settings.command_requires_full_index = 0;
+
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
+
 	/* Soft reset does not touch the index file nor the working tree
 	 * at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset
 	 * the index file to the tree object we are switching to. */
diff --git a/cache-tree.c b/cache-tree.c
index 79d168192d..65ca993361 100644
--- a/cache-tree.c
+++ b/cache-tree.c
@@ -741,15 +741,26 @@ out:
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void prime_cache_tree_sparse_dir(struct cache_tree *it,
+					struct tree *tree)
+{
+
+	oidcpy(&it->oid, &tree->object.oid);
+	it->entry_count = 1;
+}
+
 static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct repository *r,
 				 struct cache_tree *it,
-				 struct tree *tree)
+				 struct tree *tree,
+				 struct strbuf *tree_path)
 {
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	int cnt;
+	int base_path_len = tree_path->len;
 
 	oidcpy(&it->oid, &tree->object.oid);
+
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	cnt = 0;
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
@@ -758,14 +769,40 @@ static void prime_cache_tree_rec(struct repository *r,
 		else {
 			struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
 			struct tree *subtree = lookup_tree(r, &entry.oid);
+
 			if (!subtree->object.parsed)
 				parse_tree(subtree);
 			sub = cache_tree_sub(it, entry.path);
 			sub->cache_tree = cache_tree();
-			prime_cache_tree_rec(r, sub->cache_tree, subtree);
+
+			/*
+			 * Recursively-constructed subtree path is only needed when working
+			 * in a sparse index (where it's used to determine whether the
+			 * subtree is a sparse directory in the index).
+			 */
+			if (r->index->sparse_index) {
+				strbuf_setlen(tree_path, base_path_len);
+				strbuf_grow(tree_path, base_path_len + entry.pathlen + 1);
+				strbuf_add(tree_path, entry.path, entry.pathlen);
+				strbuf_addch(tree_path, '/');
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * If a sparse index is in use, the directory being processed may be
+			 * sparse. To confirm that, we can check whether an entry with that
+			 * exact name exists in the index. If it does, the created subtree
+			 * should be sparse. Otherwise, cache tree expansion should continue
+			 * as normal.
+			 */
+			if (r->index->sparse_index &&
+			    index_entry_exists(r->index, tree_path->buf, tree_path->len))
+				prime_cache_tree_sparse_dir(sub->cache_tree, subtree);
+			else
+				prime_cache_tree_rec(r, sub->cache_tree, subtree, tree_path);
 			cnt += sub->cache_tree->entry_count;
 		}
 	}
+
 	it->entry_count = cnt;
 }
 
@@ -773,11 +810,14 @@ void prime_cache_tree(struct repository *r,
 		      struct index_state *istate,
 		      struct tree *tree)
 {
+	struct strbuf tree_path = STRBUF_INIT;
+
 	trace2_region_enter("cache-tree", "prime_cache_tree", the_repository);
 	cache_tree_free(&istate->cache_tree);
 	istate->cache_tree = cache_tree();
 
-	prime_cache_tree_rec(r, istate->cache_tree, tree);
+	prime_cache_tree_rec(r, istate->cache_tree, tree, &tree_path);
+	strbuf_release(&tree_path);
 	istate->cache_changed |= CACHE_TREE_CHANGED;
 	trace2_region_leave("cache-tree", "prime_cache_tree", the_repository);
 }
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index aa6f380d10..d5cafba17d 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -817,6 +817,16 @@ struct cache_entry *index_file_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *na
 int index_name_pos(struct index_state *, const char *name, int namelen);
 
 /*
+ * Determines whether an entry with the given name exists within the
+ * given index. The return value is 1 if an exact match is found, otherwise
+ * it is 0. Note that, unlike index_name_pos, this function does not expand
+ * the index if it is sparse. If an item exists within the full index but it
+ * is contained within a sparse directory (and not in the sparse index), 0 is
+ * returned.
+ */
+int index_entry_exists(struct index_state *, const char *name, int namelen);
+
+/*
  * Some functions return the negative complement of an insert position when a
  * precise match was not found but a position was found where the entry would
  * need to be inserted. This helper protects that logic from any integer
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index d999fff9e4..cbe73f14e5 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@
  */
 #define CACHE_ENTRY_PATH_LENGTH 80
 
+enum index_search_mode {
+	NO_EXPAND_SPARSE = 0,
+	EXPAND_SPARSE = 1
+};
+
 static inline struct cache_entry *mem_pool__ce_alloc(struct mem_pool *mem_pool, size_t len)
 {
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
@@ -551,7 +556,10 @@ int cache_name_stage_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int stage1, const char
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int index_name_stage_pos(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int stage)
+static int index_name_stage_pos(struct index_state *istate,
+				const char *name, int namelen,
+				int stage,
+				enum index_search_mode search_mode)
 {
 	int first, last;
 
@@ -570,7 +578,7 @@ static int index_name_stage_pos(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, in
 		first = next+1;
 	}
 
-	if (istate->sparse_index &&
+	if (search_mode == EXPAND_SPARSE && istate->sparse_index &&
 	    first > 0) {
 		/* Note: first <= istate->cache_nr */
 		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[first - 1];
@@ -586,7 +594,7 @@ static int index_name_stage_pos(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, in
 		    ce_namelen(ce) < namelen &&
 		    !strncmp(name, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce))) {
 			ensure_full_index(istate);
-			return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, stage);
+			return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, stage, search_mode);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -595,7 +603,12 @@ static int index_name_stage_pos(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, in
 
 int index_name_pos(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
 {
-	return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, 0);
+	return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, 0, EXPAND_SPARSE);
+}
+
+int index_entry_exists(struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+	return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, 0, NO_EXPAND_SPARSE) >= 0;
 }
 
 int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
@@ -1237,7 +1250,7 @@ static int has_dir_name(struct index_state *istate,
 			 */
 		}
 
-		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, len, stage);
+		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, len, stage, EXPAND_SPARSE);
 		if (pos >= 0) {
 			/*
 			 * Found one, but not so fast.  This could
@@ -1337,7 +1350,7 @@ static int add_index_entry_with_check(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_e
 		strcmp(ce->name, istate->cache[istate->cache_nr - 1]->name) > 0)
 		pos = index_pos_to_insert_pos(istate->cache_nr);
 	else
-		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
+		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce), EXPAND_SPARSE);
 
 	/* existing match? Just replace it. */
 	if (pos >= 0) {
@@ -1372,7 +1385,7 @@ static int add_index_entry_with_check(struct index_state *istate, struct cache_e
 		if (!ok_to_replace)
 			return error(_("'%s' appears as both a file and as a directory"),
 				     ce->name);
-		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
+		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce), EXPAND_SPARSE);
 		pos = -pos-1;
 	}
 	return pos + 1;
diff --git a/t/perf/p2000-sparse-operations.sh b/t/perf/p2000-sparse-operations.sh
index 597626276f..bfd332120c 100755
--- a/t/perf/p2000-sparse-operations.sh
+++ b/t/perf/p2000-sparse-operations.sh
@@ -110,5 +110,8 @@ test_perf_on_all git add -A
 test_perf_on_all git add .
 test_perf_on_all git commit -a -m A
 test_perf_on_all git checkout -f -
+test_perf_on_all git reset
+test_perf_on_all git reset --hard
+test_perf_on_all git reset -- does-not-exist
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
index 4eaac6a99b..0fe5b5f482 100755
--- a/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
+++ b/t/t1092-sparse-checkout-compatibility.sh
@@ -489,26 +489,118 @@ test_expect_failure 'blame with pathspec outside sparse definition' '
 	test_all_match git blame deep/deeper2/deepest/a
 '
 
-# NEEDSWORK: a sparse-checkout behaves differently from a full checkout
-# in this scenario, but it shouldn't.
-test_expect_failure 'checkout and reset (mixed)' '
+test_expect_success 'checkout and reset (mixed)' '
 	init_repos &&
 
 	test_all_match git checkout -b reset-test update-deep &&
 	test_all_match git reset deepest &&
-	test_all_match git reset update-folder1 &&
-	test_all_match git reset update-folder2
+
+	# Because skip-worktree is preserved, resetting to update-folder1
+	# will show worktree changes for folder1/a in full-checkout, but not
+	# in sparse-checkout or sparse-index.
+	git -C full-checkout reset update-folder1 >full-checkout-out &&
+	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder1 &&
+	grep "M	folder1/a" full-checkout-out &&
+	! grep "M	folder1/a" sparse-checkout-out &&
+	run_on_sparse test_path_is_missing folder1
 '
 
-# NEEDSWORK: a sparse-checkout behaves differently from a full checkout
-# in this scenario, but it shouldn't.
-test_expect_success 'checkout and reset (mixed) [sparse]' '
+test_expect_success 'checkout and reset (merge)' '
 	init_repos &&
 
-	test_sparse_match git checkout -b reset-test update-deep &&
-	test_sparse_match git reset deepest &&
-	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder1 &&
-	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder2
+	write_script edit-contents <<-\EOF &&
+	echo text >>$1
+	EOF
+
+	test_all_match git checkout -b reset-test update-deep &&
+	run_on_all ../edit-contents a &&
+	test_all_match git reset --merge deepest &&
+	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+
+	test_all_match git reset --hard update-deep &&
+	run_on_all ../edit-contents deep/a &&
+	test_all_match test_must_fail git reset --merge deepest
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout and reset (keep)' '
+	init_repos &&
+
+	write_script edit-contents <<-\EOF &&
+	echo text >>$1
+	EOF
+
+	test_all_match git checkout -b reset-test update-deep &&
+	run_on_all ../edit-contents a &&
+	test_all_match git reset --keep deepest &&
+	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+
+	test_all_match git reset --hard update-deep &&
+	run_on_all ../edit-contents deep/a &&
+	test_all_match test_must_fail git reset --keep deepest
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset with pathspecs inside sparse definition' '
+	init_repos &&
+
+	write_script edit-contents <<-\EOF &&
+	echo text >>$1
+	EOF
+
+	test_all_match git checkout -b reset-test update-deep &&
+	run_on_all ../edit-contents deep/a &&
+
+	test_all_match git reset base -- deep/a &&
+	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+
+	test_all_match git reset base -- nonexistent-file &&
+	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+
+	test_all_match git reset deepest -- deep &&
+	test_all_match git status --porcelain=v2
+'
+
+# Although the working tree differs between full and sparse checkouts after
+# reset, the state of the index is the same.
+test_expect_success 'reset with pathspecs outside sparse definition' '
+	init_repos &&
+	test_all_match git checkout -b reset-test base &&
+
+	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder1 -- folder1 &&
+	git -C full-checkout reset update-folder1 -- folder1 &&
+	test_sparse_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+	test_all_match git rev-parse HEAD:folder1 &&
+
+	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder2 -- folder2/a &&
+	git -C full-checkout reset update-folder2 -- folder2/a &&
+	test_sparse_match git status --porcelain=v2 &&
+	test_all_match git rev-parse HEAD:folder2/a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset with wildcard pathspec' '
+	init_repos &&
+
+	test_all_match git reset update-deep -- deep\* &&
+	test_all_match git ls-files -s -- deep &&
+
+	test_all_match git reset deepest -- deep\*\*\* &&
+	test_all_match git ls-files -s -- deep &&
+
+	# The following `git reset`s result in updating the index on files with
+	# `skip-worktree` enabled. To avoid failing due to discrepencies in reported
+	# "modified" files, `test_sparse_match` reset is performed separately from
+	# "full-checkout" reset, then the index contents of all repos are verified.
+
+	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder1 -- \*/a &&
+	git -C full-checkout reset update-folder1 -- \*/a &&
+	test_all_match git ls-files -s -- deep/a folder1/a &&
+
+	test_sparse_match git reset update-folder2 -- folder\* &&
+	git -C full-checkout reset update-folder2 -- folder\* &&
+	test_all_match git ls-files -s -- folder10 folder1 folder2 &&
+
+	test_sparse_match git reset base -- folder1/\* &&
+	git -C full-checkout reset base -- folder1/\* &&
+	test_all_match git ls-files -s -- folder1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge, cherry-pick, and rebase' '
@@ -685,11 +777,15 @@ test_expect_success 'submodule handling' '
 	grep "160000 commit $(git -C initial-repo rev-parse HEAD)	modules/sub" cache
 '
 
+# When working with a sparse index, some commands will need to expand the
+# index to operate properly. If those commands also write the index back
+# to disk, they need to convert the index to sparse before writing.
+# This test verifies that both of these events are logged in trace2 logs.
 test_expect_success 'sparse-index is expanded and converted back' '
 	init_repos &&
 
 	GIT_TRACE2_EVENT="$(pwd)/trace2.txt" GIT_TRACE2_EVENT_NESTING=10 \
-		git -C sparse-index -c core.fsmonitor="" reset --hard &&
+		git -C sparse-index reset -- folder1/a &&
 	test_region index convert_to_sparse trace2.txt &&
 	test_region index ensure_full_index trace2.txt
 '
@@ -757,9 +853,9 @@ test_expect_success 'sparse-index is not expanded' '
 	ensure_not_expanded checkout - &&
 	ensure_not_expanded switch rename-out-to-out &&
 	ensure_not_expanded switch - &&
-	git -C sparse-index reset --hard &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset --hard &&
 	ensure_not_expanded checkout rename-out-to-out -- deep/deeper1 &&
-	git -C sparse-index reset --hard &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset --hard &&
 	ensure_not_expanded restore -s rename-out-to-out -- deep/deeper1 &&
 
 	echo >>sparse-index/README.md &&
@@ -769,6 +865,34 @@ test_expect_success 'sparse-index is not expanded' '
 	echo >>sparse-index/untracked.txt &&
 	ensure_not_expanded add . &&
 
+	for ref in update-deep update-folder1 update-folder2 update-deep
+	do
+		echo >>sparse-index/README.md &&
+		ensure_not_expanded reset --hard $ref || return 1
+	done &&
+
+	ensure_not_expanded reset --mixed base &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset --hard update-deep &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset --keep base &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset --merge update-deep &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset --hard &&
+
+	ensure_not_expanded reset base -- deep/a &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset base -- nonexistent-file &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset deepest -- deep &&
+
+	# Although folder1 is outside the sparse definition, it exists as a
+	# directory entry in the index, so the pathspec will not force the
+	# index to be expanded.
+	ensure_not_expanded reset deepest -- folder1 &&
+	ensure_not_expanded reset deepest -- folder1/ &&
+
+	# Wildcard identifies only in-cone files, no index expansion
+	ensure_not_expanded reset deepest -- deep/\* &&
+
+	# Wildcard identifies only full sparse directories, no index expansion
+	ensure_not_expanded reset deepest -- folder\* &&
+
 	ensure_not_expanded checkout -f update-deep &&
 	test_config -C sparse-index pull.twohead ort &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t7102-reset.sh b/t/t7102-reset.sh
index 601b2bf97f..d05426062e 100755
--- a/t/t7102-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t7102-reset.sh
@@ -472,6 +472,23 @@ test_expect_success '--mixed refreshes the index' '
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--mixed preserves skip-worktree' '
+	echo 123 >>file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git update-index --skip-worktree file2 &&
+	git reset --mixed HEAD >output &&
+	test_must_be_empty output &&
+
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Unstaged changes after reset:
+	M	file2
+	EOF
+	git update-index --no-skip-worktree file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git reset --mixed HEAD >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'resetting specific path that is unmerged' '
 	git rm --cached file2 &&
 	F1=$(git rev-parse HEAD:file1) &&
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index 89ca95ce90..b71fdab5e3 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -645,17 +645,24 @@ static void mark_ce_used_same_name(struct cache_entry *ce,
 	}
 }
 
-static struct cache_entry *next_cache_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o)
+static struct cache_entry *next_cache_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, int *hint)
 {
 	const struct index_state *index = o->src_index;
 	int pos = o->cache_bottom;
 
+	if (*hint > pos)
+		pos = *hint;
+
 	while (pos < index->cache_nr) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[pos];
-		if (!(ce->ce_flags & CE_UNPACKED))
+		if (!(ce->ce_flags & CE_UNPACKED)) {
+			*hint = pos + 1;
 			return ce;
+		}
 		pos++;
 	}
+
+	*hint = pos;
 	return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -1365,12 +1372,13 @@ static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, str
 
 	/* Are we supposed to look at the index too? */
 	if (o->merge) {
+		int hint = -1;
 		while (1) {
 			int cmp;
 			struct cache_entry *ce;
 
 			if (o->diff_index_cached)
-				ce = next_cache_entry(o);
+				ce = next_cache_entry(o, &hint);
 			else
 				ce = find_cache_entry(info, p);
 
@@ -1690,7 +1698,7 @@ static int verify_absent(const struct cache_entry *,
 int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options *o)
 {
 	struct repository *repo = the_repository;
-	int i, ret;
+	int i, hint, ret;
 	static struct cache_entry *dfc;
 	struct pattern_list pl;
 	int free_pattern_list = 0;
@@ -1779,13 +1787,15 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 		info.pathspec = o->pathspec;
 
 		if (o->prefix) {
+			hint = -1;
+
 			/*
 			 * Unpack existing index entries that sort before the
 			 * prefix the tree is spliced into.  Note that o->merge
 			 * is always true in this case.
 			 */
 			while (1) {
-				struct cache_entry *ce = next_cache_entry(o);
+				struct cache_entry *ce = next_cache_entry(o, &hint);
 				if (!ce)
 					break;
 				if (ce_in_traverse_path(ce, &info))
@@ -1806,8 +1816,9 @@ int unpack_trees(unsigned len, struct tree_desc *t, struct unpack_trees_options
 
 	/* Any left-over entries in the index? */
 	if (o->merge) {
+		hint = -1;
 		while (1) {
-			struct cache_entry *ce = next_cache_entry(o);
+			struct cache_entry *ce = next_cache_entry(o, &hint);
 			if (!ce)
 				break;
 			if (unpack_index_entry(ce, o) < 0)