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<title>CMSIS-Core (Cortex-A): Using CMSIS in Embedded Applications</title>
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<div id="projectname">CMSIS-Core (Cortex-A)
 <span id="projectnumber">Version 1.1.2</span>
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<div id="projectbrief">CMSIS-Core support for Cortex-A processor-based devices</div>
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<div class="title">Using CMSIS in Embedded Applications </div> </div>
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<div class="textblock"><p>To use the CMSIS-Core-A the following files are added to the embedded application:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="el" href="startup_c_pg.html">Startup File startup_<device>.c</a> with reset handler and exception vectors.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="system_c_pg.html">System Configuration Files system_<device>.c and system_<device>.h</a> with general device configuration (i.e. for clock and bus setup).</li>
<li><a class="el" href="device_h_pg.html">Device Header File <device.h></a> gives access to processor core and all peripherals.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="mem_h_pg.html">Memory Configuration Files mem_<device>.h</a> contains basic memory configurations.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="mmu_c_pg.html">Memory Management Unit Files mmu_<device>.c</a> contains the memory management unit setup.</li>
</ul>
<dl class="section note"><dt>Note</dt><dd>The files <a class="el" href="startup_c_pg.html">Startup File startup_<device>.c</a>, <a class="el" href="system_c_pg.html">System Configuration Files system_<device>.c and system_<device>.h</a>, <a class="el" href="mem_h_pg.html">Memory Configuration Files mem_<device>.h</a>, and <a class="el" href="mmu_c_pg.html">Memory Management Unit Files mmu_<device>.c</a> may require application specific adaptations and therefore should be copied into the application project folder prior configuration. The <a class="el" href="device_h_pg.html">Device Header File <device.h></a> is included in all source files that need device access and can be stored on a central include folder that is generic for all projects.</dd></dl>
<p>The <a class="el" href="startup__ARMCA9_8c.html#ae7ee340978f5c25f52f0cad1457c6616">Reset_Handler</a> defined in <a class="el" href="startup_c_pg.html">Startup File startup_<device>.c</a> is executed after reset. The default initialization sequence is</p>
<ul>
<li>set the vector base address register (<a class="el" href="group__CMSIS__VBAR.html#ga582f9a60f7b090ae5a4e8f60ef3b79f8">__set_VBAR</a>),</li>
<li>set stacks for each exception mode (<a class="el" href="cmsis__armcc_8h.html#a306b0a932918f2243a40d4e855503be2">__set_mode</a>, <a class="el" href="group__CMSIS__SP.html#ga6af63cb939bd108aef1c0f12622350cb">__set_SP</a>),</li>
<li>call <a class="el" href="system__ARMCA9_8h.html#a93f514700ccf00d08dbdcff7f1224eb2">SystemInit</a>.</li>
</ul>
<p>After the system initialization control is transferred to the C/C++ run-time library which performs initialization and calls the <b>main</b> function in the user code. In addition the <a class="el" href="startup_c_pg.html">Startup File startup_<device>.c</a> contains a weak default handler implementation for every exception. It may also contain stack and heap configurations for the user application.</p>
<p>The <a class="el" href="system_c_pg.html">System Configuration Files system_<device>.c and system_<device>.h</a> performs the setup for the processor clock and the initialization of memory caches, memory management unit, generic interrupt interface and floating point unit. The variable <a class="el" href="group__system__init__gr.html#gaa3cd3e43291e81e795d642b79b6088e6">SystemCoreClock</a> indicates the CPU clock speed. <a class="el" href="group__system__init__gr.html">System and Clock Configuration</a> describes the minimum feature set. In addition the file may contain functions for the memory bus setup and clock re-configuration.</p>
<p>The <a class="el" href="device_h_pg.html">Device Header File <device.h></a> is the central include file that the application programmer is using in the C/C++ source code. It provides the following features:</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="el" href="group__peripheral__gr.html">Peripheral Access</a> provides a standardized register layout for all peripherals. Optionally functions for device-specific peripherals may be available.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="group__GIC__functions.html">Generic Interrupt Controller Functions</a> can be accessed with standardized symbols and functions for the General Interrupt Controller (GIC) are provided.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="group__CMSIS__Core__InstructionInterface.html">Intrinsic Functions</a> allow to access special instructions, for example for activating sleep mode or the NOP instruction.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="group__PL1__timer__functions.html">Generic</a> and <a class="el" href="group__PTM__timer__functions.html">Private</a> Timer functions to configure and start a periodic timer interrupt.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="group__L1__cache__functions.html">Level 1</a> and <a class="el" href="group__L2__cache__functions.html">Level 2</a> Cache controller functions to enable, disable, clean and invalidate caches.</li>
</ul>
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<img src="CMSIS_CORE_A_Files_user.png" alt="CMSIS_CORE_A_Files_user.png"/>
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CMSIS-Core-A User Files</div></div>
<p> The CMSIS-Core-A user files are device specific. In addition, the <a class="el" href="startup_c_pg.html">Startup File startup_<device>.c</a> is also compiler vendor specific. The various compiler vendor tool chains may provide folders that contain the CMSIS files for each supported device.</p>
<dl class="section note"><dt>Note</dt><dd>The silicon vendors create these device-specific CMSIS-Core-A files based on <a class="el" href="templates_pg.html">CMSIS-Core Device Templates</a> provide by Arm.</dd></dl>
<p>Thereafter, the functions described under <a href="Modules.html"><b>Reference</b> </a> can be used in the application.</p>
<p><b>Examples</b> </p>
<ul>
<li><a class="el" href="using_CMSIS.html">Basic CMSIS Example</a> is a simple example that shows the usage of the CMSIS layer.</li>
<li><a class="el" href="using_ARM_pg.html">Using CMSIS with generic Arm Processors</a> explains how to use CMSIS-Core-M for Arm processors. </li>
</ul>
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