Document gap filling technique

Three images this time. Looks nice.

4 files changed, 1125 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/docs/assets/gap_filled_compensated.svg b/docs/assets/gap_filled_compensated.svg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ee9f0c6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/assets/gap_filled_compensated.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
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+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 12.093946,283.70334 2.80633,0.33408"
+       id="path929"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 9.8889721,289.21577 1.7372529,1.43658"
+       id="path931"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 17.673198,284.3381 2.772921,0.3675"
+       id="path933"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 14.967094,290.4519 3.207234,-0.13365"
+       id="path935"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 23.452901,284.87264 2.80633,0.40091"
+       id="path937"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 21.44838,290.11781 3.30746,-0.16705"
+       id="path939"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 29.366239,285.40718 2.87315,0.23386"
+       id="path941"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 28.063301,289.78372 3.34087,-0.13363"
+       id="path943"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 35.312987,285.77468 2.973372,0.10022"
+       id="path945"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 34.67822,289.54986 3.307461,-0.20046"
+       id="path947"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+    <path
+       style="fill:none;fill-rule:evenodd;stroke:#00a5ff;stroke-width:0.5;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-opacity:1;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none"
+       d="m 91.034821,287.05259 v 3.00018"
+       id="path949"
+       inkscape:connector-curvature="0" />
+  </g>
+</svg>
diff --git a/docs/generating_paths.md b/docs/generating_paths.md
index fc3038f6a..0fa0a3953 100644
--- a/docs/generating_paths.md
+++ b/docs/generating_paths.md
@@ -62,4 +62,22 @@ For lines infill, the shape to fill is crossed with several scan lines at a cert
 
 Infill lines are optionally connected together. The algorithm to connect infill lines starts connecting two arbitrary adjacent lines. Then it follows the perimeter until it encounters the next crossing and connects that to the crossing after it, and so on until it's passed around the entire perimeter. It skips only the adjacent crossings if they are already part of the same polyline, so that no loops are created. This usually creates one single infill polyline, but this is not guaranteed; there are exceptional shapes that cannot be completely connected in this way.
 
-![Connected Infill Lines](assets/connected_infill.svg)
\ No newline at end of file
+![Connected Infill Lines](assets/connected_infill.svg)
+
+Filling Small Gaps
+----
+Sometimes there is a gap between two walls or a bit of skin that is just too small to fill with a full-fledged wall or skin line. These gaps are filled with a special technique that aims to be able to fill any arbitrarily shaped gap with material. The areas that need to be filled with gaps are generated when the lines for walls and for skin are generated, by subtracting the area that gets covered by walls and skin lines from the area that was originally designated for walls and skin respectively.
+
+The first step in this process is to fill a shape with very thin lines. These thin lines are planned normally. The image below shows a theoretical gap that fell between two walls that approached each other in a curve, and at this point was too thin to fit another wall between them.
+
+![Gap Filled with Thin Lines](assets/gap_filled_original.svg)
+
+This wouldn't print well. For one, these lines are barely thick enough to extrude any material at all. The accelerations that the printer would be subjected to by these lines would also kill any resemblance of print quality. Therefore these lines are connected to each other in a smoother curve. If the endpoints of two adjacent lines are close enough together, they will get merged together. When this happens, a line will get drawn from the middle of the first line segment to the middle of the second line segment. The result would be something like the image below.
+
+![Adjacent Lines Joined Together](assets/gap_filled_joined.svg)
+
+The line widths of these lines are then adjusted in order to cover the same area as the original skin lines that they replaced. Just like when the line widths of walls were adjusted to compensate for overlapping walls, CuraEngine adjusts the print speed here too instead of actually extruding less or more while printing these lines. The printer typically has greater control over movement speed than over the flow of material exiting the nozzle. The result of adjusting these line widths looks a bit like the image below.
+
+![Line Width Adjusted](assets/gap_filled_compensated.svg)
+
+The area covered by this adjusted line approximates the total area of the gap, since it equals the area covered by the original thin lines.
\ No newline at end of file