path: root/core/src/stored/dev.h

/*
   BAREOS® - Backup Archiving REcovery Open Sourced

   Copyright (C) 2000-2012 Free Software Foundation Europe e.V.
   Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Planets Communications B.V.
   Copyright (C) 2013-2022 Bareos GmbH & Co. KG

   This program is Free Software; you can redistribute it and/or
   modify it under the terms of version three of the GNU Affero General Public
   License as published by the Free Software Foundation and included
   in the file LICENSE.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
   WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
   Affero General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
   Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
   02110-1301, USA.
*/
// Kern Sibbald, MM
/**
 * @file
 * Definitions for using the Device functions in Bareos Tape and File storage
 * access
 */

/**
 * Some details of how volume and device reservations work
 *
 * class VolumeReservationItem:
 *   SetInUse()     volume being used on current drive
 *   ClearInUse()   no longer being used.  Can be re-used or moved.
 *   SetSwapping()   set volume being moved to another drive
 *   IsSwapping()    volume is being moved to another drive
 *   ClearSwapping() volume normal
 *
 * class Device:
 *   SetLoad()       set to load volume
 *   needs_load()     volume must be loaded (i.e. SetLoad done)
 *   clear_load()     load done.
 *   SetUnload()     set to unload volume
 *   needs_unload()    volume must be unloaded
 *   ClearUnload()   volume unloaded
 *
 *    reservations are temporary until the drive is acquired
 *   IncReserved()   increments num of reservations
 *   DecReserved()   decrements num of reservations
 *   NumReserved()   number of reservations
 *
 * class DeviceControlRecord:
 *   SetReserved()   sets local reserve flag and calls dev->IncReserved()
 *   ClearReserved() clears local reserve flag and calls dev->DecReserved()
 *   IsReserved()    returns local reserved flag
 *   UnreserveDevice()  much more complete unreservation
 */

#ifndef BAREOS_STORED_DEV_H_
#define BAREOS_STORED_DEV_H_

#include "include/bareos.h"
#include "stored/record.h"
#include "stored/volume_catalog_info.h"

#include <vector>
#include <atomic>

template <typename T> class dlist;

namespace storagedaemon {

struct DeviceStatusInformation;

class DeviceResource;
class DeviceControlRecord;
class VolumeReservationItem;

enum class DeviceMode : int
{
  kUndefined = 0,
  CREATE_READ_WRITE = 1,
  OPEN_READ_WRITE,
  OPEN_READ_ONLY,
  OPEN_WRITE_ONLY
};

// Generic status bits returned from StatusDev()
enum
{
  BMT_TAPE = 0,     /**< Is tape device */
  BMT_EOF = 1,      /**< Just read EOF */
  BMT_BOT = 2,      /**< At beginning of tape */
  BMT_EOT = 3,      /**< End of tape reached */
  BMT_SM = 4,       /**< DDS setmark */
  BMT_EOD = 5,      /**< DDS at end of data */
  BMT_WR_PROT = 6,  /**< Tape write protected */
  BMT_ONLINE = 7,   /**< Tape online */
  BMT_DR_OPEN = 8,  /**< Tape door open */
  BMT_IM_REP_EN = 9 /**< Immediate report enabled */
};

// Keep this set to the last entry in the enum.
#define BMT_MAX BMT_IM_REP_EN

// Make sure you have enough bits to store all above bit fields.
#define BMT_BYTES NbytesForBits(BMT_MAX + 1)

// Bits for device capabilities
enum
{
  CAP_EOF = 0,         /**< Has MTWEOF */
  CAP_BSR = 1,         /**< Has MTBSR */
  CAP_BSF = 2,         /**< Has MTBSF */
  CAP_FSR = 3,         /**< Has MTFSR */
  CAP_FSF = 4,         /**< Has MTFSF */
  CAP_EOM = 5,         /**< Has MTEOM */
  CAP_REM = 6,         /**< Is removable media */
  CAP_RACCESS = 7,     /**< Is random access device */
  CAP_AUTOMOUNT = 8,   /**< Read device at start to see what is there */
  CAP_LABEL = 9,       /**< Label blank tapes */
  CAP_ANONVOLS = 10,   /**< Mount without knowing volume name */
  CAP_ALWAYSOPEN = 11, /**< Always keep device open */
  CAP_ATTACHED_TO_AUTOCHANGER = 12, /**< Device is attached to an AutoChanger */
  CAP_OFFLINEUNMOUNT = 13,          /**< Offline before unmount */
  CAP_STREAM = 14,                  /**< Stream device */
  CAP_BSFATEOM = 15,                /**< Backspace file at EOM */
  CAP_FASTFSF = 16,                 /**< Fast forward space file */
  CAP_TWOEOF = 17,                  /**< Write two eofs for EOM */
  CAP_CLOSEONPOLL = 18,             /**< Close device on polling */
  CAP_POSITIONBLOCKS = 19,          /**< Use block positioning */
  CAP_MTIOCGET = 20,                /**< Basic support for fileno and blkno */
  CAP_REQMOUNT = 21,                /**< Require mount/unmount */
  CAP_CHECKLABELS = 22,             /**< Check for ANSI/IBM labels */
  CAP_BLOCKCHECKSUM = 23,           /**< Create/test block checksum */
  CAP_IOERRATEOM = 24,              /**< IOError at EOM */
  CAP_IBMLINTAPE = 25,              /**< Using IBM lin_tape driver */
  CAP_ADJWRITESIZE = 26             /**< Adjust write size to min/max */
};

// Keep this set to the last entry in the enum.
constexpr int CAP_MAX = CAP_ADJWRITESIZE;

// Make sure you have enough bits to store all above bit fields.
constexpr int CAP_BYTES = NbytesForBits(CAP_MAX + 1);

// Device state bits
enum
{
  ST_LABEL = 0,         /**< Label found */
  ST_ALLOCATED = 1,     /**< Dev memory allocated in FactoryCreateDevice() */
  ST_APPENDREADY = 2,   /**< Ready for Bareos append */
  ST_READREADY = 3,     /**< Ready for Bareos read */
  ST_EOT = 4,           /**< At end of tape */
  ST_WEOT = 5,          /**< Got EOT on write */
  ST_EOF = 6,           /**< Read EOF i.e. zero bytes */
  ST_NEXTVOL = 7,       /**< Start writing on next volume */
  ST_SHORT = 8,         /**< Short block read */
  ST_MOUNTED = 9,       /**< The device is mounted to the mount point */
  ST_MEDIA = 10,        /**< Media found in mounted device */
  ST_OFFLINE = 11,      /**< Set offline by operator */
  ST_PART_SPOOLED = 12, /**< Spooling part */
  ST_CRYPTOKEY = 13     /**< The device has a crypto key loaded */
};

// Keep this set to the last entry in the enum.
#define ST_MAX ST_CRYPTOKEY

// Make sure you have enough bits to store all above bit fields.
#define ST_BYTES NbytesForBits(ST_MAX + 1)

enum class SeekMode
{
  NOSEEK,      // device cannot be seeked (e.g. a FIFO)
  FILE_BLOCK,  // device works with file and blocknum (like a tape)
  BYTES        // device uses byte offsets (like a plain file)
};

// incomplete list of device types for GuessMissingDeviceTypes()
struct DeviceType {
  static constexpr std::string_view B_DROPLET_DEV = "droplet";
  static constexpr std::string_view B_FIFO_DEV = "fifo";
  static constexpr std::string_view B_FILE_DEV = "file";
  static constexpr std::string_view B_TAPE_DEV = "tape";
  static constexpr std::string_view B_UNKNOWN_DEV = "";
};

/*
 * Device structure definition.
 *
 * There is one of these for each physical device. Everything here is "global"
 * to that device and effects all jobs using the device.
 */

/* clang-format off */

class Device {
 private:
  int blocked_{};        /**< Set if we must wait (i.e. change tape) */
  int count_{};          /**< Mutex use count -- DEBUG only */
  int num_reserved_{};   /**< Counter of device reservations */
  slot_number_t slot_{}; /**< Slot loaded in drive or -1 if none */
  pthread_t pid_{};      /**< Thread that locked -- DEBUG only */
  bool unload_{false};   /**< Set when Volume must be unloaded */
  bool load_{false};     /**< Set when Volume must be loaded */

 public:
  Device() = default;
  virtual ~Device();
  Device(const Device&) = delete;
  Device& operator=(const Device&) = delete;
  Device(Device&&) = delete;
  Device& operator=(Device&&) = delete;
  Device* swap_dev{};         /**< Swap vol from this device */
  std::vector<DeviceControlRecord*> attached_dcrs;           /**< Attached DeviceControlRecords */
  pthread_mutex_t mutex_ = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;        /**< Access control */
  pthread_mutex_t spool_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;   /**< Mutex for updating spool_size */
  pthread_mutex_t acquire_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; /**< Mutex for acquire code */
  pthread_mutex_t read_acquire_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER; /**< Mutex for acquire read code */
  pthread_cond_t wait = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER; /**< Thread wait variable */
  pthread_cond_t wait_next_vol = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;    /**< Wait for tape to be mounted */
  pthread_t no_wait_id{};     /**< This thread must not wait */
  int dev_prev_blocked{};     /**< Previous blocked state */
  int num_waiting{};          /**< Number of threads waiting */
  int num_writers{};          /**< Number of writing threads */
  char capabilities[CAP_BYTES]{}; /**< Capabilities mask */
  char state[ST_BYTES]{};     /**< State mask */
  int dev_errno{};            /**< Our own errno */
  int oflags{};               /**< Read/write flags */
  DeviceMode open_mode{DeviceMode::kUndefined};
  std::string dev_type{};
  bool autoselect{};          /**< Autoselect in autochanger */
  bool norewindonclose{};     /**< Don't rewind tape drive on close */
  bool initiated{};           /**< Set when FactoryCreateDevice() called */
  int label_type{};           /**< Bareos/ANSI/IBM label types */
  drive_number_t drive{};     /**< Autochanger logical drive number (base 0) */
  drive_number_t drive_index{}; /**< Autochanger physical drive index (base 0) */
  POOLMEM* archive_device_string{};  /**< Physical device name */
  POOLMEM* dev_options{};     /**< Device specific options */
  POOLMEM* prt_name{};        /**< Name used for display purposes */
  char* errmsg{};             /**< Nicely edited error message */
  uint32_t block_num{};       /**< Current block number base 0 */
  uint32_t LastBlock{};       /**< Last DeviceBlock number written to Volume */
  uint32_t file{};            /**< Current file number base 0 */
  uint64_t file_addr{};       /**< Current file read/write address */
  uint64_t file_size{};       /**< Current file size */
  uint32_t EndBlock{};        /**< Last block written */
  uint32_t EndFile{};         /**< Last file written */
  uint32_t min_block_size{};  /**< Min block size currently set */
  uint32_t max_block_size{};  /**< Max block size currently set */
  uint32_t max_concurrent_jobs{}; /**< Maximum simultaneous jobs this drive */
  uint64_t max_volume_size{};     /**< Max bytes to put on one volume */
  uint64_t max_file_size{};   /**< Max file size to put in one file on volume */
  uint64_t volume_capacity{}; /**< Advisory capacity */
  uint64_t max_spool_size{};  /**< Maximum spool file size */
  uint64_t spool_size{};      /**< Current spool size for this device */
  uint32_t max_rewind_wait{}; /**< Max secs to allow for rewind */
  uint32_t max_open_wait{};   /**< Max secs to allow for open */
  uint32_t max_open_vols{};   /**< Max simultaneous open volumes */

  utime_t vol_poll_interval{};/**< Interval between polling Vol mount */
  DeviceResource* device_resource{};   /**< Pointer to Device Resource */
  VolumeReservationItem* vol{};        /**< Pointer to Volume reservation item */
  btimer_t* tid{};            /**< Timer id */
  int fd{-1};                 /**< File descriptor */

  VolumeCatalogInfo VolCatInfo;       /**< Volume Catalog Information */
  Volume_Label VolHdr;                /**< Actual volume label */
  char pool_name[MAX_NAME_LENGTH]{};  /**< Pool name */
  char pool_type[MAX_NAME_LENGTH]{};  /**< Pool type */

  char UnloadVolName[MAX_NAME_LENGTH]{}; /**< Last wrong Volume mounted */
  bool poll{};                           /**< Set to poll Volume */
  /* Device wait times ***FIXME*** look at durations */
  int min_wait{};
  int max_wait{};
  int max_num_wait{};
  int wait_sec{};
  int rem_wait_sec{};
  int num_wait{};

  btime_t last_timer{}; /**< Used by read/write/seek to get stats (usec) */
  btime_t last_tick{};  /**< Contains last read/write time (usec) */

  btime_t DevReadTime{};
  btime_t DevWriteTime{};
  uint64_t DevWriteBytes{};
  uint64_t DevReadBytes{};

  /* Methods */
  btime_t GetTimerCount(); /**< Return the last timer interval (ms) */

  bool HasCap(int cap) const { return BitIsSet(cap, capabilities); }
  void ClearCap(int cap) { ClearBit(cap, capabilities); }
  void SetCap(int cap) { SetBit(cap, capabilities); }
  bool DoChecksum() const { return BitIsSet(CAP_BLOCKCHECKSUM, capabilities); }
  bool AttachedToAutochanger() const { return BitIsSet(CAP_ATTACHED_TO_AUTOCHANGER, capabilities); }
  bool RequiresMount() const { return BitIsSet(CAP_REQMOUNT, capabilities); }
  bool IsRemovable() const { return BitIsSet(CAP_REM, capabilities); }
  bool IsTape() const { return (dev_type == DeviceType::B_TAPE_DEV); }
  bool IsOpen() const { return fd >= 0; }
  bool IsOffline() const { return BitIsSet(ST_OFFLINE, state); }
  bool IsLabeled() const { return BitIsSet(ST_LABEL, state); }
  bool IsMounted() const { return BitIsSet(ST_MOUNTED, state); }
  bool IsUnmountable() const { return (IsRemovable() && RequiresMount()); }
  int NumReserved() const { return num_reserved_; }
  bool is_part_spooled() const { return BitIsSet(ST_PART_SPOOLED, state); }
  bool have_media() const { return BitIsSet(ST_MEDIA, state); }
  bool IsShortBlock() const { return BitIsSet(ST_SHORT, state); }
  bool IsBusy() const
  {
    return BitIsSet(ST_READREADY, state) || num_writers || NumReserved();
  }
  bool AtEof() const { return BitIsSet(ST_EOF, state); }
  bool AtEot() const { return BitIsSet(ST_EOT, state); }
  bool AtWeot() const { return BitIsSet(ST_WEOT, state); }
  bool CanAppend() const { return BitIsSet(ST_APPENDREADY, state); }
  bool IsCryptoEnabled() const { return BitIsSet(ST_CRYPTOKEY, state); }

  /**
   * CanWrite() is meant for checking at the end of a job to see
   * if we still have a tape (perhaps not if at end of tape
   * and the job is canceled).
   */
  bool CanWrite() const
  {
    return IsOpen() && CanAppend() && IsLabeled() && !AtWeot();
  }
  bool CanRead() const { return BitIsSet(ST_READREADY, state); }
  bool CanStealLock() const;
  bool waiting_for_mount() const;
  bool MustUnload() const { return unload_; }
  bool must_load() const { return load_; }
  const char* strerror() const;
  const char* archive_name() const;
  const char* name() const;
  const char* print_name() const; /**< Name for display purposes */
  void SetEot() { SetBit(ST_EOT, state); }
  void SetEof() { SetBit(ST_EOF, state); }
  void SetAppend() { SetBit(ST_APPENDREADY, state); }
  void SetLabeled() { SetBit(ST_LABEL, state); }
  inline void SetRead() { SetBit(ST_READREADY, state); }
  void set_offline() { SetBit(ST_OFFLINE, state); }
  void SetMounted() { SetBit(ST_MOUNTED, state); }
  void set_media() { SetBit(ST_MEDIA, state); }
  void SetShortBlock() { SetBit(ST_SHORT, state); }
  void SetCryptoEnabled() { SetBit(ST_CRYPTOKEY, state); }
  void SetPartSpooled(int val)
  {
    if (val)
      SetBit(ST_PART_SPOOLED, state);
    else
      ClearBit(ST_PART_SPOOLED, state);
  }
  bool IsVolumeToUnload() const
  {
    return unload_ && strcmp(VolHdr.VolumeName, UnloadVolName) == 0;
  }
  void SetLoad() { load_ = true; }
  void IncReserved() { num_reserved_++; }
  void DecReserved()
  {
    num_reserved_--;
    ASSERT(num_reserved_ >= 0);
  }
  void ClearAppend() { ClearBit(ST_APPENDREADY, state); }
  void ClearRead() { ClearBit(ST_READREADY, state); }
  void ClearLabeled() { ClearBit(ST_LABEL, state); }
  void clear_offline() { ClearBit(ST_OFFLINE, state); }
  void ClearEot() { ClearBit(ST_EOT, state); }
  void ClearEof() { ClearBit(ST_EOF, state); }
  void ClearOpened() { fd = -1; }
  void ClearMounted() { ClearBit(ST_MOUNTED, state); }
  void clear_media() { ClearBit(ST_MEDIA, state); }
  void ClearShortBlock() { ClearBit(ST_SHORT, state); }
  void ClearCryptoEnabled() { ClearBit(ST_CRYPTOKEY, state); }
  void ClearUnload()
  {
    unload_ = false;
    UnloadVolName[0] = 0;
  }
  void clear_load() { load_ = false; }
  char* bstrerror(void) { return errmsg; }
  char* print_errmsg() { return errmsg; }
  slot_number_t GetSlot() const { return slot_; }
  void setVolCatInfo(bool valid) { VolCatInfo.is_valid = valid; }
  bool haveVolCatInfo() const { return VolCatInfo.is_valid; }
  void setVolCatName(const char* name)
  {
    bstrncpy(VolCatInfo.VolCatName, name, sizeof(VolCatInfo.VolCatName));
    setVolCatInfo(false);
  }
  char* getVolCatName() { return VolCatInfo.VolCatName; }

  const char* mode_to_str(DeviceMode mode);
  void SetUnload();
  void ClearVolhdr();
  bool close(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
  bool open(DeviceControlRecord* dcr, DeviceMode omode);
  ssize_t read(void* buf, size_t len);
  ssize_t write(const void* buf, size_t len);
  bool mount(DeviceControlRecord* dcr, int timeout);
  bool unmount(DeviceControlRecord* dcr, int timeout);
  void EditMountCodes(PoolMem& omsg, const char* imsg);
  bool OfflineOrRewind();
protected:
  bool ScanDirectoryForVolume(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
  virtual bool ScanForVolumeImpl(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
public:
  bool ScanForVolume(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
  void SetSlotNumber(slot_number_t slot);
  void InvalidateSlotNumber();

  void SetBlocksizes(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
  void SetLabelBlocksize(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);

  uint32_t GetFile() const { return file; }
  uint32_t GetBlockNum() const { return block_num; }

  // Tape specific operations.
  virtual bool offline() { return true; }
  virtual bool weof(int) { return true; }
  virtual bool fsf(int) { return true; }
  virtual bool bsf(int) { return false; }
  virtual bool fsr(int) { return false; }
  virtual bool bsr(int) { return false; }
  virtual bool LoadDev() { return true; }
  virtual void LockDoor(){};
  virtual void UnlockDoor(){};
  virtual void clrerror(int){};
  virtual void SetOsDeviceParameters(DeviceControlRecord*){};
  virtual int32_t GetOsTapeFile() { return -1; }

  // Generic operations.
  virtual void OpenDevice(DeviceControlRecord* dcr, DeviceMode omode);
  virtual char* StatusDev();
  virtual bool eod(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
  virtual void SetAteof();
  virtual void SetAteot();
  virtual bool rewind(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
  virtual bool UpdatePos(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
  virtual bool Reposition(DeviceControlRecord* dcr,
                          uint32_t rfile,
                          uint32_t rblock);
  virtual bool MountBackend(DeviceControlRecord*, int /* timeout */)
  {
    return true;
  }
  virtual bool UnmountBackend(DeviceControlRecord*, int /* timeout */)
  {
    return true;
  }
  virtual bool DeviceStatus(DeviceStatusInformation*) { return false; }
  virtual SeekMode GetSeekMode() const = 0;
  virtual bool CanReadConcurrently() const { return false; }

  // Low level operations
  virtual int d_ioctl(int fd, ioctl_req_t request, char* mt_com = NULL) = 0;
  virtual int d_open(const char* pathname, int flags, int mode) = 0;
  virtual int d_close(int fd) = 0;
  virtual ssize_t d_read(int fd, void* buffer, size_t count) = 0;
  virtual ssize_t d_write(int fd, const void* buffer, size_t count) = 0;
  virtual boffset_t d_lseek(DeviceControlRecord* dcr,
                            boffset_t offset,
                            int whence) = 0;
  virtual bool d_truncate(DeviceControlRecord* dcr) = 0;
  virtual bool d_flush(DeviceControlRecord*) { return true; };

    // Locking and blocking calls
  void rLock(bool locked = false);
  void rUnlock();
  void Lock();
  void Unlock();
  void Lock_acquire();
  void Unlock_acquire();
  void Lock_read_acquire();
  void Unlock_read_acquire();
  void Lock_VolCatInfo();
  void Unlock_VolCatInfo();
  int InitMutex();
  int InitAcquireMutex();
  int InitReadAcquireMutex();
  int init_volcat_mutex();
  int NextVolTimedwait(const struct timespec* timeout);
  void dblock(int why);
  void dunblock(bool locked = false);
  bool IsDeviceUnmounted();
  void SetBlocked(int block) { blocked_ = block; }
  bool IsBlocked() const;
  int blocked() const { return blocked_; }
  const char* print_blocked() const;

 protected:
  void set_mode(DeviceMode mode);
};

class SpoolDevice :public Device
{
 public:
  SpoolDevice() = default;
  ~SpoolDevice() {   close(nullptr); }
  SeekMode GetSeekMode() const override { return SeekMode::NOSEEK; }
  int d_ioctl(int, ioctl_req_t, char*) override {return -1;}
  int d_open(const char*, int, int) override {return -1;}
  int d_close(int) override {return -1;}
  ssize_t d_read(int, void*, size_t) override { return 0;}
  ssize_t d_write(int, const void*, size_t) override { return 0;}
  boffset_t d_lseek(DeviceControlRecord*, boffset_t, int) override { return 0;}
  bool d_truncate(DeviceControlRecord*) override {return false;}
};
/* clang-format on */

inline const char* Device::strerror() const { return errmsg; }
inline const char* Device::archive_name() const
{
  return archive_device_string;
}
inline const char* Device::print_name() const { return prt_name; }

Device* FactoryCreateDevice(JobControlRecord* jcr, DeviceResource* device);
bool CanOpenMountedDev(Device* dev);
bool LoadDev(Device* dev);
int WriteBlock(Device* dev);
void AttachJcrToDevice(Device* dev, JobControlRecord* jcr);
void DetachJcrFromDevice(Device* dev, JobControlRecord* jcr);
JobControlRecord* next_attached_jcr(Device* dev, JobControlRecord* jcr);
void InitDeviceWaitTimers(DeviceControlRecord* dcr);
void InitJcrDeviceWaitTimers(JobControlRecord* jcr);
bool DoubleDevWaitTime(Device* dev);

/*
 * Get some definition of function to position to the end of the medium in
 * MTEOM. System dependent.
 */
#ifndef MTEOM
#  ifdef MTSEOD
#    define MTEOM MTSEOD
#  endif
#  ifdef MTEOD
#    undef MTEOM
#    define MTEOM MTEOD
#  endif
#endif

} /* namespace storagedaemon */

#endif  // BAREOS_STORED_DEV_H_