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align="left" width="100%"> +<div class="content"> +<table class="title" summary=""> +<tr> +<td valign="middle"> +<h1>IKVM.NET Tutorial</h1> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<ul class="minitoc"> +<li> +<a href="#Setup+your+Environment">Setup your Environment</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="#Run+a+Java+Application+Dynamically">Run a Java Application Dynamically</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="#Convert+a+Java+Application+to+.NET">Convert a Java Application to .NET</a> +</li> +<li> +<a href="#Develop+a+.NET+Application+in+Java">Develop a .NET Application in Java</a> +</li> +</ul> + +<a name="N10012"></a><a name="Setup+your+Environment"></a> +<h3>Setup your Environment</h3> +<div style="margin-left: 0 ; border: 2px"> +<p>This tutorial includes information for both the Windows and Linux platforms. It assumes that + Windows users will be using the .NET SDK, and Linux users will be using the Mono SDK. </p> +<p>This tutorial references files in the samples distribution available on the <a href="../download.html">download page</a>. + Before you begin, prepare your environment by adding the following to your PATH environment variable:</p> +<ul> + +<li>The directory containing the IKVM executables</li> + +<li>The directory containing the C# compiler (Windows: csc / Mono: mcs). On Windows, this is typically + C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.1.4322.</li> + +<li>The directory containing a Java compiler (javac or jikes)</li> + +</ul> +</div> + + +<a name="N1002F"></a><a name="Run+a+Java+Application+Dynamically"></a> +<h3>Run a Java Application Dynamically</h3> +<div style="margin-left: 0 ; border: 2px"> +<p>IKVM.NET includes a Java Virtual Machine implented in C#. To try it out, navigate to + <em>IKVMROOT</em>\samples\hello and compile the sample application:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> javac Hello + jar cfm hello.jar manifest.mf Hello.class</span> +</div> +<p>Now, to run the application using the IKVM Virtual Machine, enter the following:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> ikvm Hello</span> +</div> +<p>This command starts the virtual machine, which searches for a + file named Hello.class. When it finds it, it loads it and executes the bytecodes dynamically. + You should be prompted to enter your name, and see a brief greeting.</p> +<p>If you experience problems, check the following:</p> +<ul> + +<li>Check your capitalization: ikvm, like java, requires you to capitalize class names correctly.</li> + +<li>If ikvm reports a ClassNotFoundException, check whether the CLASSPATH environment variable is set. + If so, try clearing the CLASSPATH or adding the current directory to it so ikvm can find the class in the current directory.</li> + +</ul> +<p>You can also execute Java applications in a jar file. Try it out:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> ikvm -jar hello.jar</span> +</div> +<p>See the <a href="../userguide/ikvm.html">ikvm reference</a> for more information about ikvm command line options.</p> +</div> + + +<a name="N1006A"></a><a name="Convert+a+Java+Application+to+.NET"></a> +<h3>Convert a Java Application to .NET</h3> +<div style="margin-left: 0 ; border: 2px"> +<p>IKVM.NET includes <a href="../userguide/ikvmc.html">ikvmc</a>, a utility that converts + Java .jar files to .NET .dll libraries and .exe applications. In this section, you'll convert a Java application to a .NET + .exe.</p> +<p>Navigate to <em>IKVMROOT</em>\samples\hello and enter the following:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> ikvmc hello.jar</span> +</div> +<div class="frame note"> +<div class="label">Note</div> +<div class="content">If you're using Mono, you will have to tell ikvmc where to find the GNU Classpath dll. Try the following, + substituting the location of IKVM.GNU.Classpath.dll on your system if necessary:<br> + +<br> + +<span class="codefrag">ikvmc -reference:/usr/lib/IKVM.GNU.Classpath.dll hello.jar</span> + +</div> +</div> +<p>After the command completes, you should find a hello.exe file in the current directory. To execute it:</p> +<ul> + +<li> +<strong>Windows / .NET Framework:</strong> + +<p>Try running hello.exe. If you get a FileNotFound exception when the .NET runtime attempts to load the referenced + IKVM.GNU.Classpath.dll, remember that the .NET framework expects to find referenced dll's in the current + directory or in the Global Assembly Cache. Either <a href="../userguide/install.html">install the dll's in the + Global Assembly Cache</a>, or copy them to the current directory.</p> + +</li> + +<li> +<strong>Linux / Mono:</strong> + +<p>Run it using the following command:</p> + +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> mono hello.exe</span> +</div> + +</li> + +</ul> +</div> + + +<a name="tutorial_java2net"></a> + <a name="N100B1"></a><a name="Develop+a+.NET+Application+in+Java"></a> +<h3>Develop a .NET Application in Java</h3> +<div style="margin-left: 0 ; border: 2px"> +<p>In this section, you will learn the steps needed to develop .NET applications in Java. </p> +<p>To begin, open a command window and navigate to <em>IKVMROOT</em>\samples\usenetapi. + Take a look at ShowDir.java -- this is a Java application that uses the .NET API to display a list of files + in the current directory. Notice the imports at the top -- the package names begin with <span class="codefrag">cli.*</span>. These are not + packages in the Java API; rather, they are "pseudo" packages that map to .NET namespaces. + For more information on this, see the <a href="../devguide/java2net.html">Developer's Guide</a>.</p> +<p> +<strong>Step 1: Generate Java stubs</strong> +</p> +<p>IKVM does not come with a Java compiler, so we will compile ShowDir using a standard Java compiler. + Since Java compilers can only compile applications that use Java API's, not .NET API's, we have to fool the + Java compiler into believing that there is really a Java package named cli.System.IO. The + <a href="../userguide/ikvmstub.html">ikvmstub</a> application + helps us do this. It generates Java jar files from .NET dll's. The jar files generated by ikvmstub contain Java classes + and interfaces that correspond to .NET classes, but don't contain any real code. They contain just enough to satisfy + the Java compiler, and allow it to type check the Java application.</p> +<p>Type the following:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> ikvmstub mscorlib.dll</span> +</div> +<p>Note: On a Linux Mono installation, you will have to type the full pathname to mscorlib.dll, like this:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> ikvmstub /usr/lib/mscorlib.dll</span> +</div> +<p>After the command completes, you should find a file named mscorlib.jar in the current directory.</p> +<p> +<strong>Step 2: Compile the Java source code</strong> +</p> +<p>Now, we'll compile the Java source code. If you're using javac, type the following:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> javac -classpath mscorlib.jar ShowDir.java</span> +</div> +<p>(Substitute <span class="codefrag">jikes</span> for <span class="codefrag">javac</span> if you're using that tool.)</p> +<p>After the command completes, you should find ShowDir.class in the current directory. </p> +<p> +<strong>Step 3: Generate a .NET executable</strong> +</p> +<p>Now, we'll convert the Java class file to a .NET application. Type the following:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> ikvmc ShowDir.class</span> +</div> +<p>Note: On a Linux Mono installation, you will have to add a -reference option, like this:</p> +<div class="pre"> +<span class="codefrag"> ikvmc -reference:/usr/lib/IKVM.GNU.Classpath.dll ShowDir.class</span> +</div> +<p>After the command completes, you should find ShowDir.exe in the current directory. You should be able to + execute it successfully. (On Windows .NET, remember to copy the IKVM dll's to the current directory.)</p> +</div> + + + + +<div class="attribution">by Stephen Schaub</div> +</div> +</td><td width="10"><img width="10" height="1" alt="" src="../skin/images/spacer.gif" class="spacer"></td> +</tr> +<!--================= end Content==================--> +</table> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<!--================= end Menu, NavBar, Content ==================--> +<!--================= start Footer ==================--> +<table summary="footer" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" height="1" bgcolor="#4C6C8F"><img height="1" width="1" alt="" src="../skin/images/spacer.gif" class="spacer"><a href="../skin/images/label.gif"></a><a href="../skin/images/page.gif"></a><a href="../skin/images/chapter.gif"></a><a href="../skin/images/chapter_open.gif"></a><a href="../skin/images/current.gif"></a><a href="/favicon.ico"></a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CFDCED" class="copyright" align="center"><font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, Sans-Serif">Copyright © + 2004 Jeroen Frijters All rights reserved.<script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript"><!-- + document.write(" - "+"Last Published: " + document.lastModified); + // --></script></font></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" align="left" bgcolor="#CFDCED" class="logos"></td> +</tr> +</table> +<!--================= end Footer ==================--> +</body> +</html> |