path: root/src/diff.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) the libgit2 contributors. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This file is part of libgit2, distributed under the GNU GPL v2 with
 * a Linking Exception. For full terms see the included COPYING file.
 */
#include "common.h"
#include "diff.h"
#include "fileops.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "attr_file.h"
#include "filter.h"
#include "pathspec.h"

#define DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(DIFF,FLAG) (((DIFF)->opts.flags & (FLAG)) != 0)
#define DIFF_FLAG_ISNT_SET(DIFF,FLAG) (((DIFF)->opts.flags & (FLAG)) == 0)

static git_diff_delta *diff_delta__alloc(
	git_diff_list *diff,
	git_delta_t status,
	const char *path)
{
	git_diff_delta *delta = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_diff_delta));
	if (!delta)
		return NULL;

	delta->old_file.path = git_pool_strdup(&diff->pool, path);
	if (delta->old_file.path == NULL) {
		git__free(delta);
		return NULL;
	}

	delta->new_file.path = delta->old_file.path;

	if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_REVERSE)) {
		switch (status) {
		case GIT_DELTA_ADDED:   status = GIT_DELTA_DELETED; break;
		case GIT_DELTA_DELETED: status = GIT_DELTA_ADDED; break;
		default: break; /* leave other status values alone */
		}
	}
	delta->status = status;

	return delta;
}

static int diff_notify(
	const git_diff_list *diff,
	const git_diff_delta *delta,
	const char *matched_pathspec)
{
	if (!diff->opts.notify_cb)
		return 0;

	return diff->opts.notify_cb(
		diff, delta, matched_pathspec, diff->opts.notify_payload);
}

static int diff_delta__from_one(
	git_diff_list *diff,
	git_delta_t   status,
	const git_index_entry *entry)
{
	git_diff_delta *delta;
	const char *matched_pathspec;
	int notify_res;

	if (status == GIT_DELTA_IGNORED &&
		DIFF_FLAG_ISNT_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_IGNORED))
		return 0;

	if (status == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED &&
		DIFF_FLAG_ISNT_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED))
		return 0;

	if (entry->mode == GIT_FILEMODE_COMMIT &&
		DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_SUBMODULES))
		return 0;

	if (!git_pathspec_match_path(
			&diff->pathspec, entry->path,
			DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH),
			DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_DELTAS_ARE_ICASE),
			&matched_pathspec))
		return 0;

	delta = diff_delta__alloc(diff, status, entry->path);
	GITERR_CHECK_ALLOC(delta);

	/* This fn is just for single-sided diffs */
	assert(status != GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED);

	if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_DELETED) {
		delta->old_file.mode = entry->mode;
		delta->old_file.size = entry->file_size;
		git_oid_cpy(&delta->old_file.oid, &entry->oid);
	} else /* ADDED, IGNORED, UNTRACKED */ {
		delta->new_file.mode = entry->mode;
		delta->new_file.size = entry->file_size;
		git_oid_cpy(&delta->new_file.oid, &entry->oid);
	}

	delta->old_file.flags |= GIT_DIFF_FLAG_VALID_OID;

	if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_DELETED ||
		!git_oid_iszero(&delta->new_file.oid))
		delta->new_file.flags |= GIT_DIFF_FLAG_VALID_OID;

	notify_res = diff_notify(diff, delta, matched_pathspec);

	if (notify_res)
		git__free(delta);
	else if (git_vector_insert(&diff->deltas, delta) < 0) {
		git__free(delta);
		return -1;
	}

	return notify_res < 0 ? GIT_EUSER : 0;
}

static int diff_delta__from_two(
	git_diff_list *diff,
	git_delta_t   status,
	const git_index_entry *old_entry,
	uint32_t old_mode,
	const git_index_entry *new_entry,
	uint32_t new_mode,
	git_oid *new_oid,
	const char *matched_pathspec)
{
	git_diff_delta *delta;
	int notify_res;

	if (status == GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED &&
		DIFF_FLAG_ISNT_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_UNMODIFIED))
		return 0;

	if (old_entry->mode == GIT_FILEMODE_COMMIT &&
		new_entry->mode == GIT_FILEMODE_COMMIT &&
		DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_SUBMODULES))
		return 0;

	if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_REVERSE)) {
		uint32_t temp_mode = old_mode;
		const git_index_entry *temp_entry = old_entry;
		old_entry = new_entry;
		new_entry = temp_entry;
		old_mode = new_mode;
		new_mode = temp_mode;
	}

	delta = diff_delta__alloc(diff, status, old_entry->path);
	GITERR_CHECK_ALLOC(delta);

	git_oid_cpy(&delta->old_file.oid, &old_entry->oid);
	delta->old_file.size = old_entry->file_size;
	delta->old_file.mode = old_mode;
	delta->old_file.flags |= GIT_DIFF_FLAG_VALID_OID;

	git_oid_cpy(&delta->new_file.oid, &new_entry->oid);
	delta->new_file.size = new_entry->file_size;
	delta->new_file.mode = new_mode;

	if (new_oid) {
		if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_REVERSE))
			git_oid_cpy(&delta->old_file.oid, new_oid);
		else
			git_oid_cpy(&delta->new_file.oid, new_oid);
	}

	if (new_oid || !git_oid_iszero(&new_entry->oid))
		delta->new_file.flags |= GIT_DIFF_FLAG_VALID_OID;

	notify_res = diff_notify(diff, delta, matched_pathspec);

	if (notify_res)
		git__free(delta);
	else if (git_vector_insert(&diff->deltas, delta) < 0) {
		git__free(delta);
		return -1;
	}

	return notify_res < 0 ? GIT_EUSER : 0;
}

static git_diff_delta *diff_delta__last_for_item(
	git_diff_list *diff,
	const git_index_entry *item)
{
	git_diff_delta *delta = git_vector_last(&diff->deltas);
	if (!delta)
		return NULL;

	switch (delta->status) {
	case GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED:
	case GIT_DELTA_DELETED:
		if (git_oid_cmp(&delta->old_file.oid, &item->oid) == 0)
			return delta;
		break;
	case GIT_DELTA_ADDED:
		if (git_oid_cmp(&delta->new_file.oid, &item->oid) == 0)
			return delta;
		break;
	case GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED:
		if (diff->strcomp(delta->new_file.path, item->path) == 0 &&
			git_oid_cmp(&delta->new_file.oid, &item->oid) == 0)
			return delta;
		break;
	case GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED:
		if (git_oid_cmp(&delta->old_file.oid, &item->oid) == 0 ||
			git_oid_cmp(&delta->new_file.oid, &item->oid) == 0)
			return delta;
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}

	return NULL;
}

static char *diff_strdup_prefix(git_pool *pool, const char *prefix)
{
	size_t len = strlen(prefix);

	/* append '/' at end if needed */
	if (len > 0 && prefix[len - 1] != '/')
		return git_pool_strcat(pool, prefix, "/");
	else
		return git_pool_strndup(pool, prefix, len + 1);
}

int git_diff_delta__cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
{
	const git_diff_delta *da = a, *db = b;
	int val = strcmp(da->old_file.path, db->old_file.path);
	return val ? val : ((int)da->status - (int)db->status);
}

bool git_diff_delta__should_skip(
	const git_diff_options *opts, const git_diff_delta *delta)
{
	uint32_t flags = opts ? opts->flags : 0;

	if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED &&
		(flags & GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_UNMODIFIED) == 0)
		return true;

	if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_IGNORED &&
		(flags & GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_IGNORED) == 0)
		return true;

	if (delta->status == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED &&
		(flags & GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_UNTRACKED) == 0)
		return true;

	return false;
}


static int config_bool(git_config *cfg, const char *name, int defvalue)
{
	int val = defvalue;

	if (git_config_get_bool(&val, cfg, name) < 0)
		giterr_clear();

	return val;
}

static git_diff_list *git_diff_list_alloc(
	git_repository *repo, const git_diff_options *opts)
{
	git_config *cfg;
	git_diff_list *diff = git__calloc(1, sizeof(git_diff_list));
	if (diff == NULL)
		return NULL;

	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(diff);
	diff->repo = repo;

	if (git_vector_init(&diff->deltas, 0, git_diff_delta__cmp) < 0 ||
		git_pool_init(&diff->pool, 1, 0) < 0)
		goto fail;

	/* load config values that affect diff behavior */
	if (git_repository_config__weakptr(&cfg, repo) < 0)
		goto fail;
	if (config_bool(cfg, "core.symlinks", 1))
		diff->diffcaps = diff->diffcaps | GIT_DIFFCAPS_HAS_SYMLINKS;
	if (config_bool(cfg, "core.ignorestat", 0))
		diff->diffcaps = diff->diffcaps | GIT_DIFFCAPS_ASSUME_UNCHANGED;
	if (config_bool(cfg, "core.filemode", 1))
		diff->diffcaps = diff->diffcaps | GIT_DIFFCAPS_TRUST_MODE_BITS;
	if (config_bool(cfg, "core.trustctime", 1))
		diff->diffcaps = diff->diffcaps | GIT_DIFFCAPS_TRUST_CTIME;
	/* Don't set GIT_DIFFCAPS_USE_DEV - compile time option in core git */

	/* TODO: there are certain config settings where even if we were
	 * not given an options structure, we need the diff list to have one
	 * so that we can store the altered default values.
	 *
	 * - diff.ignoreSubmodules
	 * - diff.mnemonicprefix
	 * - diff.noprefix
	 */

	if (opts == NULL) {
		/* Make sure we default to 3 lines */
		diff->opts.context_lines = 3;
		return diff;
	}

	memcpy(&diff->opts, opts, sizeof(git_diff_options));

	if(opts->flags & GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_FILEMODE)
		diff->diffcaps = diff->diffcaps & ~GIT_DIFFCAPS_TRUST_MODE_BITS;

	/* pathspec init will do nothing for empty pathspec */
	if (git_pathspec_init(&diff->pathspec, &opts->pathspec, &diff->pool) < 0)
		goto fail;

	/* TODO: handle config diff.mnemonicprefix, diff.noprefix */

	diff->opts.old_prefix = diff_strdup_prefix(&diff->pool,
		opts->old_prefix ? opts->old_prefix : DIFF_OLD_PREFIX_DEFAULT);
	diff->opts.new_prefix = diff_strdup_prefix(&diff->pool,
		opts->new_prefix ? opts->new_prefix : DIFF_NEW_PREFIX_DEFAULT);

	if (!diff->opts.old_prefix || !diff->opts.new_prefix)
		goto fail;

	if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_REVERSE)) {
		const char *swap = diff->opts.old_prefix;
		diff->opts.old_prefix = diff->opts.new_prefix;
		diff->opts.new_prefix = swap;
	}

	/* INCLUDE_TYPECHANGE_TREES implies INCLUDE_TYPECHANGE */
	if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_TYPECHANGE_TREES))
		diff->opts.flags |= GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_TYPECHANGE;

	return diff;

fail:
	git_diff_list_free(diff);
	return NULL;
}

static void diff_list_free(git_diff_list *diff)
{
	git_diff_delta *delta;
	unsigned int i;

	git_vector_foreach(&diff->deltas, i, delta) {
		git__free(delta);
		diff->deltas.contents[i] = NULL;
	}
	git_vector_free(&diff->deltas);

	git_pathspec_free(&diff->pathspec);
	git_pool_clear(&diff->pool);
	git__free(diff);
}

void git_diff_list_free(git_diff_list *diff)
{
	if (!diff)
		return;

	GIT_REFCOUNT_DEC(diff, diff_list_free);
}

void git_diff_list_addref(git_diff_list *diff)
{
	GIT_REFCOUNT_INC(diff);
}

int git_diff__oid_for_file(
	git_repository *repo,
	const char *path,
	uint16_t  mode,
	git_off_t size,
	git_oid *oid)
{
	int result = 0;
	git_buf full_path = GIT_BUF_INIT;

	if (git_buf_joinpath(
		&full_path, git_repository_workdir(repo), path) < 0)
		return -1;

	if (!mode) {
		struct stat st;

		if (p_stat(path, &st) < 0) {
			giterr_set(GITERR_OS, "Could not stat '%s'", path);
			result = -1;
			goto cleanup;
		}

		mode = st.st_mode;
		size = st.st_size;
	}

	/* calculate OID for file if possible */
	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
		git_submodule *sm;
		const git_oid *sm_oid;

		if (!git_submodule_lookup(&sm, repo, path) &&
			(sm_oid = git_submodule_wd_id(sm)) != NULL)
			git_oid_cpy(oid, sm_oid);
		else {
			/* if submodule lookup failed probably just in an intermediate
			 * state where some init hasn't happened, so ignore the error
			 */
			giterr_clear();
			memset(oid, 0, sizeof(*oid));
		}
	} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
		result = git_odb__hashlink(oid, full_path.ptr);
	} else if (!git__is_sizet(size)) {
		giterr_set(GITERR_OS, "File size overflow (for 32-bits) on '%s'", path);
		result = -1;
	} else {
		git_vector filters = GIT_VECTOR_INIT;

		result = git_filters_load(&filters, repo, path, GIT_FILTER_TO_ODB);
		if (result >= 0) {
			int fd = git_futils_open_ro(full_path.ptr);
			if (fd < 0)
				result = fd;
			else {
				result = git_odb__hashfd_filtered(
					oid, fd, (size_t)size, GIT_OBJ_BLOB, &filters);
				p_close(fd);
			}
		}

		git_filters_free(&filters);
	}

cleanup:
	git_buf_free(&full_path);
	return result;
}

#define MODE_BITS_MASK 0000777

static int maybe_modified(
	git_iterator *old_iter,
	const git_index_entry *oitem,
	git_iterator *new_iter,
	const git_index_entry *nitem,
	git_diff_list *diff)
{
	git_oid noid, *use_noid = NULL;
	git_delta_t status = GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED;
	unsigned int omode = oitem->mode;
	unsigned int nmode = nitem->mode;
	bool new_is_workdir = (new_iter->type == GIT_ITERATOR_TYPE_WORKDIR);
	const char *matched_pathspec;

	GIT_UNUSED(old_iter);

	if (!git_pathspec_match_path(
			&diff->pathspec, oitem->path,
			DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_DISABLE_PATHSPEC_MATCH),
			DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_DELTAS_ARE_ICASE),
			&matched_pathspec))
		return 0;

	/* on platforms with no symlinks, preserve mode of existing symlinks */
	if (S_ISLNK(omode) && S_ISREG(nmode) && new_is_workdir &&
		!(diff->diffcaps & GIT_DIFFCAPS_HAS_SYMLINKS))
		nmode = omode;

	/* on platforms with no execmode, just preserve old mode */
	if (!(diff->diffcaps & GIT_DIFFCAPS_TRUST_MODE_BITS) &&
		(nmode & MODE_BITS_MASK) != (omode & MODE_BITS_MASK) &&
		new_is_workdir)
		nmode = (nmode & ~MODE_BITS_MASK) | (omode & MODE_BITS_MASK);

	/* support "assume unchanged" (poorly, b/c we still stat everything) */
	if ((diff->diffcaps & GIT_DIFFCAPS_ASSUME_UNCHANGED) != 0)
		status = (oitem->flags_extended & GIT_IDXENTRY_INTENT_TO_ADD) ?
			GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED : GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;

	/* support "skip worktree" index bit */
	else if ((oitem->flags_extended & GIT_IDXENTRY_SKIP_WORKTREE) != 0)
		status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;

	/* if basic type of file changed, then split into delete and add */
	else if (GIT_MODE_TYPE(omode) != GIT_MODE_TYPE(nmode)) {
		if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_TYPECHANGE))
			status = GIT_DELTA_TYPECHANGE;
		else {
			if (diff_delta__from_one(diff, GIT_DELTA_DELETED, oitem) < 0 ||
				diff_delta__from_one(diff, GIT_DELTA_ADDED, nitem) < 0)
				return -1;
			return 0;
		}
	}

	/* if oids and modes match, then file is unmodified */
	else if (git_oid_equal(&oitem->oid, &nitem->oid) && omode == nmode)
		status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;

	/* if we have an unknown OID and a workdir iterator, then check some
	 * circumstances that can accelerate things or need special handling
	 */
	else if (git_oid_iszero(&nitem->oid) && new_is_workdir) {
		/* TODO: add check against index file st_mtime to avoid racy-git */

		/* if the stat data looks exactly alike, then assume the same */
		if (omode == nmode &&
			oitem->file_size == nitem->file_size &&
			(!(diff->diffcaps & GIT_DIFFCAPS_TRUST_CTIME) ||
			 (oitem->ctime.seconds == nitem->ctime.seconds)) &&
			oitem->mtime.seconds == nitem->mtime.seconds &&
			(!(diff->diffcaps & GIT_DIFFCAPS_USE_DEV) ||
			 (oitem->dev == nitem->dev)) &&
			oitem->ino == nitem->ino &&
			oitem->uid == nitem->uid &&
			oitem->gid == nitem->gid)
			status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;

		else if (S_ISGITLINK(nmode)) {
			int err;
			git_submodule *sub;

			if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_SUBMODULES))
				status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;
			else if ((err = git_submodule_lookup(&sub, diff->repo, nitem->path)) < 0) {
				if (err == GIT_EEXISTS)
					status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;
				else
					return err;
			} else if (git_submodule_ignore(sub) == GIT_SUBMODULE_IGNORE_ALL)
				status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;
			else {
				unsigned int sm_status = 0;
				if (git_submodule_status(&sm_status, sub) < 0)
					return -1;

				/* check IS_WD_UNMODIFIED because this case is only used
				 * when the new side of the diff is the working directory
				 */
				status = GIT_SUBMODULE_STATUS_IS_WD_UNMODIFIED(sm_status)
						 ? GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED : GIT_DELTA_MODIFIED;

				/* grab OID while we are here */
				if (git_oid_iszero(&nitem->oid)) {
					const git_oid *sm_oid = git_submodule_wd_id(sub);
					if (sm_oid != NULL) {
						git_oid_cpy(&noid, sm_oid);
						use_noid = &noid;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	/* if mode is GITLINK and submodules are ignored, then skip */
	else if (S_ISGITLINK(nmode) &&
			 DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_IGNORE_SUBMODULES))
		status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;

	/* if we got here and decided that the files are modified, but we
	 * haven't calculated the OID of the new item, then calculate it now
	 */
	if (status != GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED && git_oid_iszero(&nitem->oid)) {
		if (!use_noid) {
			if (git_diff__oid_for_file(diff->repo,
					nitem->path, nitem->mode, nitem->file_size, &noid) < 0)
				return -1;
			use_noid = &noid;
		}

		/* if oid matches, then mark unmodified (except submodules, where
		 * the filesystem content may be modified even if the oid still
		 * matches between the index and the workdir HEAD)
		 */
		if (omode == nmode && !S_ISGITLINK(omode) &&
			git_oid_equal(&oitem->oid, use_noid))
			status = GIT_DELTA_UNMODIFIED;
	}

	return diff_delta__from_two(
		diff, status, oitem, omode, nitem, nmode, use_noid, matched_pathspec);
}

static bool entry_is_prefixed(
	git_diff_list *diff,
	const git_index_entry *item,
	const git_index_entry *prefix_item)
{
	size_t pathlen;

	if (!item || diff->pfxcomp(item->path, prefix_item->path) != 0)
		return false;

	pathlen = strlen(prefix_item->path);

	return (prefix_item->path[pathlen - 1] == '/' ||
			item->path[pathlen] == '\0' ||
			item->path[pathlen] == '/');
}

static int diff_list_init_from_iterators(
	git_diff_list *diff,
	git_iterator *old_iter,
	git_iterator *new_iter)
{
	diff->old_src = old_iter->type;
	diff->new_src = new_iter->type;

	/* Use case-insensitive compare if either iterator has
	 * the ignore_case bit set */
	if (!git_iterator_ignore_case(old_iter) &&
		!git_iterator_ignore_case(new_iter))
	{
		diff->opts.flags &= ~GIT_DIFF_DELTAS_ARE_ICASE;

		diff->strcomp    = git__strcmp;
		diff->strncomp   = git__strncmp;
		diff->pfxcomp    = git__prefixcmp;
		diff->entrycomp  = git_index_entry__cmp;
	} else {
		diff->opts.flags |= GIT_DIFF_DELTAS_ARE_ICASE;

		diff->strcomp    = git__strcasecmp;
		diff->strncomp   = git__strncasecmp;
		diff->pfxcomp    = git__prefixcmp_icase;
		diff->entrycomp  = git_index_entry__cmp_icase;
	}

	return 0;
}

int git_diff__from_iterators(
	git_diff_list **diff_ptr,
	git_repository *repo,
	git_iterator *old_iter,
	git_iterator *new_iter,
	const git_diff_options *opts)
{
	int error = 0;
	const git_index_entry *oitem, *nitem;
	git_buf ignore_prefix = GIT_BUF_INIT;
	git_diff_list *diff = git_diff_list_alloc(repo, opts);

	*diff_ptr = NULL;

	if (!diff || diff_list_init_from_iterators(diff, old_iter, new_iter) < 0)
		goto fail;

	if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_DELTAS_ARE_ICASE)) {
		if (git_iterator_set_ignore_case(old_iter, true) < 0 ||
			git_iterator_set_ignore_case(new_iter, true) < 0)
			goto fail;
	}

	if (git_iterator_current(&oitem, old_iter) < 0 ||
		git_iterator_current(&nitem, new_iter) < 0)
		goto fail;

	/* run iterators building diffs */
	while (oitem || nitem) {
		int cmp = oitem ? (nitem ? diff->entrycomp(oitem, nitem) : -1) : 1;

		/* create DELETED records for old items not matched in new */
		if (cmp < 0) {
			if (diff_delta__from_one(diff, GIT_DELTA_DELETED, oitem) < 0)
				goto fail;

			/* if we are generating TYPECHANGE records then check for that
			 * instead of just generating a DELETE record
			 */
			if (DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_TYPECHANGE_TREES) &&
				entry_is_prefixed(diff, nitem, oitem))
			{
				/* this entry has become a tree! convert to TYPECHANGE */
				git_diff_delta *last = diff_delta__last_for_item(diff, oitem);
				if (last) {
					last->status = GIT_DELTA_TYPECHANGE;
					last->new_file.mode = GIT_FILEMODE_TREE;
				}

				/* If new_iter is a workdir iterator, then this situation
				 * will certainly be followed by a series of untracked items.
				 * Unless RECURSE_UNTRACKED_DIRS is set, skip over them...
				 */
				if (S_ISDIR(nitem->mode) &&
					DIFF_FLAG_ISNT_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_RECURSE_UNTRACKED_DIRS))
				{
					if (git_iterator_advance(&nitem, new_iter) < 0)
						goto fail;
				}
			}

			if (git_iterator_advance(&oitem, old_iter) < 0)
				goto fail;
		}

		/* create ADDED, TRACKED, or IGNORED records for new items not
		 * matched in old (and/or descend into directories as needed)
		 */
		else if (cmp > 0) {
			git_delta_t delta_type = GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED;
			bool contains_oitem = entry_is_prefixed(diff, oitem, nitem);

			/* check if contained in ignored parent directory */
			if (git_buf_len(&ignore_prefix) &&
				diff->pfxcomp(nitem->path, git_buf_cstr(&ignore_prefix)) == 0)
				delta_type = GIT_DELTA_IGNORED;

			if (S_ISDIR(nitem->mode)) {
				/* recurse into directory only if there are tracked items in
				 * it or if the user requested the contents of untracked
				 * directories and it is not under an ignored directory.
				 */
				bool recurse_into_dir =
					(delta_type == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED &&
					 DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_RECURSE_UNTRACKED_DIRS)) ||
					(delta_type == GIT_DELTA_IGNORED &&
					 DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_RECURSE_IGNORED_DIRS));

				/* do not advance into directories that contain a .git file */
				if (!contains_oitem && recurse_into_dir) {
					git_buf *full = NULL;
					if (git_iterator_current_workdir_path(&full, new_iter) < 0)
						goto fail;
					if (git_path_contains_dir(full, DOT_GIT))
						recurse_into_dir = false;
				}

				/* if directory is ignored, remember ignore_prefix */
				if ((contains_oitem || recurse_into_dir) &&
					delta_type == GIT_DELTA_UNTRACKED &&
					git_iterator_current_is_ignored(new_iter))
				{
					git_buf_sets(&ignore_prefix, nitem->path);
					delta_type = GIT_DELTA_IGNORED;

					/* skip recursion if we've just learned this is ignored */
					if (DIFF_FLAG_ISNT_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_RECURSE_IGNORED_DIRS))
						recurse_into_dir = false;
				}

				if (contains_oitem || recurse_into_dir) {
					/* advance into directory */
					error = git_iterator_advance_into(&nitem, new_iter);

					/* if directory is empty, can't advance into it, so skip */
					if (error == GIT_ENOTFOUND) {
						giterr_clear();
						error = git_iterator_advance(&nitem, new_iter);

						git_buf_clear(&ignore_prefix);
					}

					if (error < 0)
						goto fail;
					continue;
				}
			}

			/* In core git, the next two "else if" clauses are effectively
			 * reversed -- i.e. when an untracked file contained in an
			 * ignored directory is individually ignored, it shows up as an
			 * ignored file in the diff list, even though other untracked
			 * files in the same directory are skipped completely.
			 *
			 * To me, this is odd.  If the directory is ignored and the file
			 * is untracked, we should skip it consistently, regardless of
			 * whether it happens to match a pattern in the ignore file.
			 *
			 * To match the core git behavior, just reverse the following
			 * two "else if" cases so that individual file ignores are
			 * checked before container directory exclusions are used to
			 * skip the file.
			 */
			else if (delta_type == GIT_DELTA_IGNORED &&
					 DIFF_FLAG_ISNT_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_RECURSE_IGNORED_DIRS)) {
				if (git_iterator_advance(&nitem, new_iter) < 0)
					goto fail;
				continue; /* ignored parent directory, so skip completely */
			}

			else if (git_iterator_current_is_ignored(new_iter))
				delta_type = GIT_DELTA_IGNORED;

			else if (new_iter->type != GIT_ITERATOR_TYPE_WORKDIR)
				delta_type = GIT_DELTA_ADDED;

			if (diff_delta__from_one(diff, delta_type, nitem) < 0)
				goto fail;

			/* if we are generating TYPECHANGE records then check for that
			 * instead of just generating an ADDED/UNTRACKED record
			 */
			if (delta_type != GIT_DELTA_IGNORED &&
				DIFF_FLAG_IS_SET(diff, GIT_DIFF_INCLUDE_TYPECHANGE_TREES) &&
				contains_oitem)
			{
				/* this entry was prefixed with a tree - make TYPECHANGE */
				git_diff_delta *last = diff_delta__last_for_item(diff, nitem);
				if (last) {
					last->status = GIT_DELTA_TYPECHANGE;
					last->old_file.mode = GIT_FILEMODE_TREE;
				}
			}

			if (git_iterator_advance(&nitem, new_iter) < 0)
				goto fail;
		}

		/* otherwise item paths match, so create MODIFIED record
		 * (or ADDED and DELETED pair if type changed)
		 */
		else {
			assert(oitem && nitem && cmp == 0);

			if (maybe_modified(old_iter, oitem, new_iter, nitem, diff) < 0 ||
				git_iterator_advance(&oitem, old_iter) < 0 ||
				git_iterator_advance(&nitem, new_iter) < 0)
				goto fail;
		}
	}

	*diff_ptr = diff;

fail:
	if (!*diff_ptr) {
		git_diff_list_free(diff);
		error = -1;
	}

	git_buf_free(&ignore_prefix);

	return error;
}

#define DIFF_FROM_ITERATORS(MAKE_FIRST, MAKE_SECOND) do { \
	git_iterator *a = NULL, *b = NULL; \
	char *pfx = opts ? git_pathspec_prefix(&opts->pathspec) : NULL; \
	GITERR_CHECK_VERSION(opts, GIT_DIFF_OPTIONS_VERSION, "git_diff_options"); \
	if (!(error = MAKE_FIRST) && !(error = MAKE_SECOND)) \
		error = git_diff__from_iterators(diff, repo, a, b, opts); \
	git__free(pfx); git_iterator_free(a); git_iterator_free(b); \
} while (0)

int git_diff_tree_to_tree(
	git_diff_list **diff,
	git_repository *repo,
	git_tree *old_tree,
	git_tree *new_tree,
	const git_diff_options *opts)
{
	int error = 0;

	assert(diff && repo);

	DIFF_FROM_ITERATORS(
		git_iterator_for_tree(&a, old_tree, 0, pfx, pfx),
		git_iterator_for_tree(&b, new_tree, 0, pfx, pfx)
	);

	return error;
}

int git_diff_tree_to_index(
	git_diff_list **diff,
	git_repository *repo,
	git_tree *old_tree,
	git_index *index,
	const git_diff_options *opts)
{
	int error = 0;

	assert(diff && repo);

	if (!index && (error = git_repository_index__weakptr(&index, repo)) < 0)
		return error;

	DIFF_FROM_ITERATORS(
		git_iterator_for_tree(&a, old_tree, 0, pfx, pfx),
		git_iterator_for_index(&b, index, 0, pfx, pfx)
	);

	return error;
}

int git_diff_index_to_workdir(
	git_diff_list **diff,
	git_repository *repo,
	git_index *index,
	const git_diff_options *opts)
{
	int error = 0;

	assert(diff && repo);

	if (!index && (error = git_repository_index__weakptr(&index, repo)) < 0)
		return error;

	DIFF_FROM_ITERATORS(
		git_iterator_for_index(&a, index, 0, pfx, pfx),
		git_iterator_for_workdir(
			&b, repo, GIT_ITERATOR_DONT_AUTOEXPAND, pfx, pfx)
	);

	return error;
}


int git_diff_tree_to_workdir(
	git_diff_list **diff,
	git_repository *repo,
	git_tree *old_tree,
	const git_diff_options *opts)
{
	int error = 0;

	assert(diff && repo);

	DIFF_FROM_ITERATORS(
		git_iterator_for_tree(&a, old_tree, 0, pfx, pfx),
		git_iterator_for_workdir(
			&b, repo, GIT_ITERATOR_DONT_AUTOEXPAND, pfx, pfx)
	);

	return error;
}