path: root/src/avrdude/usb_hidapi.c

/*
 * avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
 * Copyright (C) 2016 Joerg Wunsch
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

/* $Id$ */

/*
 * USB interface via libhidapi for avrdude.
 */

#include "ac_cfg.h"
#if defined(HAVE_LIBHIDAPI)


#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <wchar.h>

#include <hidapi/hidapi.h>

#include "avrdude.h"
#include "libavrdude.h"

#include "usbdevs.h"

#if defined(WIN32NATIVE)
/* someone has defined "interface" to "struct" in Cygwin */
#  undef interface
#endif

/*
 * The "baud" parameter is meaningless for USB devices, so we reuse it
 * to pass the desired USB device ID.
 */
static int usbhid_open(char * port, union pinfo pinfo, union filedescriptor *fd)
{
  hid_device *dev;
  char *serno, *cp2;
  size_t x;
  unsigned char usbbuf[USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3 + 1];

  if (fd->usb.max_xfer == 0)
    fd->usb.max_xfer = USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3;

  /*
   * The syntax for usb devices is defined as:
   *
   * -P usb[:serialnumber]
   *
   * See if we've got a serial number passed here.  The serial number
   * might contain colons which we remove below, and we compare it
   * right-to-left, so only the least significant nibbles need to be
   * specified.
   */
  if ((serno = strchr(port, ':')) != NULL)
    {
      /* first, drop all colons there if any */
      cp2 = ++serno;

      while ((cp2 = strchr(cp2, ':')) != NULL)
	{
	  x = strlen(cp2) - 1;
	  memmove(cp2, cp2 + 1, x);
	  cp2[x] = '\0';
	}

      if (strlen(serno) > 12)
	{
	  avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: usbhid_open(): invalid serial number \"%s\"\n",
                          progname, serno);
	  return -1;
	}

      wchar_t wserno[15];
      mbstowcs(wserno, serno, 15);
      size_t serlen = strlen(serno);

      /*
       * Now, try finding all devices matching VID:PID, and compare
       * their serial numbers against the requested one.
       */
      struct hid_device_info *list, *walk;
      list = hid_enumerate(pinfo.usbinfo.vid, pinfo.usbinfo.pid);
      if (list == NULL)
	return -1;

      walk = list;
      while (walk)
      {
	avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE, "%s: usbhid_open(): Found %ls, serno: %ls\n",
			progname, walk->product_string, walk->serial_number);
	size_t slen = wcslen(walk->serial_number);
	if (slen >= serlen &&
	    wcscmp(walk->serial_number + slen - serlen, wserno) == 0)
          {
	    /* found matching serial number */
	    break;
          }
	avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbhid_open(): serial number doesn't match\n",
                          progname);
	walk = walk->next;
      }
      if (walk == NULL)
      {
	avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: usbhid_open(): No matching device found\n",
			progname);
	hid_free_enumeration(list);
	return -1;
      }
      avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbhid_open(): Opening path %s\n",
                      progname, walk->path);
      dev = hid_open_path(walk->path);
      hid_free_enumeration(list);
      if (dev == NULL)
      {
	avrdude_message(MSG_INFO,
			"%s: usbhid_open(): Found device, but hid_open_path() failed\n",
			progname);
	return -1;
      }
    }
  else
    {
      /*
       * No serial number requested, pass straight to hid_open()
       */
      dev = hid_open(pinfo.usbinfo.vid, pinfo.usbinfo.pid, NULL);
      if (dev == NULL)
      {
	avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: usbhid_open(): No device found\n",
			progname);
	return -1;
      }
    }

  fd->usb.handle = dev;

  /*
   * Try finding out the endpoint size.  Alas, libhidapi doesn't
   * provide us with an API function for that, nor for the report
   * descriptor (which also contains that information).
   *
   * Since the Atmel tools a very picky to only respond to incoming
   * packets that have full size, we need to know whether our device
   * handles 512-byte data (JTAGICE3 in CMSIS-DAP mode, or AtmelICE,
   * both on USB 2.0 connections), or 64-byte data only (both these on
   * USB 1.1 connections, or mEDBG devices).
   *
   * In order to find out, we send a CMSIS-DAP DAP_Info command
   * (0x00), with an ID of 0xFF (get maximum packet size).  In theory,
   * this gets us the desired information, but this suffers from a
   * chicken-and-egg problem: the request must be sent with a
   * full-sized packet lest the ICE won't answer.  Thus, we send a
   * 64-byte packet first, and if we don't get a timely reply,
   * complete that request by sending another 448 bytes, and hope it
   * will eventually reply.
   *
   * Note that libhidapi always requires a report ID as the first
   * byte.  If the target doesn't use report IDs (Atmel targets
   * don't), this first byte must be 0x00.  However, the length must
   * be incremented by one, as the report ID will be omitted by the
   * hidapi library.
   */
  if (pinfo.usbinfo.vid == USB_VENDOR_ATMEL)
    {
      avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbhid_open(): Probing for max. packet size\n",
		      progname);
      memset(usbbuf, 0, sizeof usbbuf);
      usbbuf[0] = 0;		/* no HID reports used */
      usbbuf[1] = 0;		/* DAP_Info */
      usbbuf[2] = 0xFF;		/* get max. packet size */

      hid_write(dev, usbbuf, 65);
      fd->usb.max_xfer = 64;	/* first guess */

      memset(usbbuf, 0, sizeof usbbuf);
      int res = hid_read_timeout(dev, usbbuf, 10 /* bytes */, 50 /* milliseconds */);
      if (res == 0) {
	/* no timely response, assume 512 byte size */
	hid_write(dev, usbbuf, (512 - 64) + 1);
	fd->usb.max_xfer = 512;
	res = hid_read_timeout(dev, usbbuf, 10, 50);
      }
      if (res <= 0) {
	avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: usbhid_open(): No response from device\n",
			progname);
	hid_close(dev);
	return -1;
      }
      if (usbbuf[0] != 0 || usbbuf[1] != 2) {
	avrdude_message(MSG_INFO,
			"%s: usbhid_open(): Unexpected reply to DAP_Info: 0x%02x 0x%02x\n",
			progname, usbbuf[0], usbbuf[1]);
      } else {
	fd->usb.max_xfer = usbbuf[2] + (usbbuf[3] << 8);
	avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG,
			"%s: usbhid_open(): Setting max_xfer from DAP_Info response to %d\n",
			progname, fd->usb.max_xfer);
      }
    }
  if (fd->usb.max_xfer > USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3) {
    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO,
		    "%s: usbhid_open(): Unexpected max size %d, reducing to %d\n",
		    progname, fd->usb.max_xfer, USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3);
    fd->usb.max_xfer = USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3;
  }

  return 0;
}

static void usbhid_close(union filedescriptor *fd)
{
  hid_device *udev = (hid_device *)fd->usb.handle;

  if (udev == NULL)
    return;

  hid_close(udev);
}


static int usbhid_send(union filedescriptor *fd, const unsigned char *bp, size_t mlen)
{
  hid_device *udev = (hid_device *)fd->usb.handle;
  int rv;
  int i = mlen;
  const unsigned char * p = bp;
  unsigned char usbbuf[USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3 + 1];


  int tx_size;

  if (udev == NULL)
    return -1;

  tx_size = (mlen < USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3)? mlen: USBDEV_MAX_XFER_3;
  usbbuf[0] = 0;		/* no report ID used */
  memcpy(usbbuf + 1, bp, tx_size);
  rv = hid_write(udev, usbbuf, tx_size + 1);
  if (rv < 0) {
    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Failed to write %d bytes to USB\n",
		    progname, tx_size);
    return -1;
  }
  if (rv != tx_size + 1)
    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Short write to USB: %d bytes out of %d written\n",
		    progname, rv, tx_size + 1);

  if (verbose > 4)
  {
      avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "%s: Sent: ", progname);

      while (i) {
        unsigned char c = *p;
        if (isprint(c)) {
          avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "%c ", c);
        }
        else {
          avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, ". ");
        }
        avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "[%02x] ", c);

        p++;
        i--;
      }
      avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "\n");
  }
  return 0;
}

static int usbhid_recv(union filedescriptor *fd, unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes)
{
  hid_device *udev = (hid_device *)fd->usb.handle;
  int i, rv;
  unsigned char * p = buf;

  if (udev == NULL)
    return -1;

  rv = i = hid_read_timeout(udev, buf, nbytes, 300);
  if (i != nbytes)
    avrdude_message(MSG_INFO,
		    "%s: Short read, read only %d out of %u bytes\n",
		    progname, i, nbytes);

  if (verbose > 4)
  {
      avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "%s: Recv: ", progname);

      while (i) {
        unsigned char c = *p;
        if (isprint(c)) {
          avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "%c ", c);
        }
        else {
          avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, ". ");
        }
        avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "[%02x] ", c);

        p++;
        i--;
      }
      avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE2, "\n");
  }

  return rv;
}

static int usbhid_drain(union filedescriptor *fd, int display)
{
  /*
   * There is not much point in trying to flush any data
   * on an USB endpoint, as the endpoint is supposed to
   * start afresh after being configured from the host.
   *
   * As trying to flush the data here caused strange effects
   * in some situations (see
   * https://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/index.php?43268 )
   * better avoid it.
   */

  return 0;
}

/*
 * Device descriptor.
 */
struct serial_device usbhid_serdev =
{
  .open = usbhid_open,
  .close = usbhid_close,
  .send = usbhid_send,
  .recv = usbhid_recv,
  .drain = usbhid_drain,
  .flags = SERDEV_FL_NONE,
};

#endif  /* HAVE_LIBHIDAPI */